12虚拟语气
虚拟语气用法归纳表格
虚拟语气用法归纳表格1、虚拟语气的定义虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示说话人的主观愿望、假设、猜测、建议等非真实的情况。
11 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气条件从句：If ＋主语＋动词过去式（be 动词用 were）主句：主语＋ would/should/could/might ＋动词原形例如：If I were you, I would study harder111 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气条件从句：If ＋主语＋ had ＋过去分词主句：主语＋ would/should/could/might ＋ have ＋过去分词例如：If I had known the truth, I wouldn't have made such a mistake 112 与将来事实相反的虚拟语气条件从句：If ＋主语＋ were to ＋动词原形或 If ＋主语＋ should ＋动词原形主句：主语＋ would/should/could/might ＋动词原形例如：If it were to rain tomorrow, we would stay at home121 wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反：从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反：从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反：从句用 would/could ＋动词原形例如：I wish I were a bird （与现在事实相反）122 would rather 后的宾语从句与现在或将来事实相反：从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反：从句用过去完成时例如：I would rather you came tomorrow （与将来事实相反）13 虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用It is ＋形容词＋ that 句型中，形容词为 necessary, important, strange 等时，从句用“should ＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。
例如：It is necessary that we （should) study hard14 虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中的应用与主语从句类似，在 suggestion, proposal, order 等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中，从句用“should ＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习带答案
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
15个句子虚拟语气
虚拟语气1. Where are the children? The dinne' going to be completely ruined.—I wish ____________________(be)—孩子们在哪里？晚饭都快糟蹋了。
—但愿他们别老是迟到。
2. Maybe if I ____________ scien ce, and no t literature the n, I would be able to give you more help.(study)或许要是那时我学的是理科而不是文学，我就能给你更大的帮助3. If we ____________________ , we might have arrived here in time for themeeti ng.(take)如果我们走另外一条路，我们就可能及时赶到这儿参加会议。
4. Had I know about this computer program, a huge amount of time and en ergy would have bee n saved.(would)如果我知道这个电脑程序的话，就会节省大量的时间和精力了。
5. He in sisted that he __________________ and that he should not be puni shed.(do) 他坚持说他没有做错，—V惩罚。
6. On Aids Days, the minister of Health Department demanded that the problems referred to _____________________.(atte ntio n)在艾滋病日，卫生部部长要求所涉及的问题给予特别关注。
7. ____________________ me, Mary would not have hurt herself.(listen)如果玛丽早听我的话，她就不会伤者自己了。
2021年高考英语虚拟语气所有用法
2021年高考英语虚拟语气所有用法要大量看英文杂志、听英语广播和看原版电影，但切记咬文嚼字，重点是内容主题，让自己能看、听和读进去。
下面是小偏整理的2021年高考英语虚拟语气所有用法，感谢您的每一次阅读。
2021年高考英语虚拟语气所有用法1.对现在假设的情况从句:If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。
(事实:我不可能是你)IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。
(事实:不知道)Iftherewerenoairorwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsonthee arth.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。
(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)IfIhadanymoneywithme,Icouldlendyousome.如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。
(事实:没有带钱)Ifhestudiedharder,hemightpasstheexam.如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。
(事实:没有努力)IfIwereyou,I'dwearashirtandtie.如果我是你,我就会穿衬衫和领带。
(事实:我并不是你)2.对过去没做的事情的假设-实际还是没做从句:If+主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/might/could+havedoneIfIhadgotthereearlier,Ishould/wouldhavemether.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。
(事实:去晚了)Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。
12 虚拟语气
虚拟语气1．虚拟语气在非真实条件情况下的应用形式：例：1．If the earth had no gravity, the moon would fly to the sun.2．If the police had arrived earlier, they would have seen the accident.3．If he should fail, we would encourage him to try again.4．If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way.5．If we caught the 10 o’clock train, we would (could, might) get there by lunch-time.(可能性不大)6．If I came into a fortune, I would give up working. （几乎不可能）7．If I knew how it worked, I could tell you what to do. (与现在事实相反)8．If we were to miss the 10 o’clock train, we wouldn’t get there till after lunch.9．If we had caught the 10 o’clock train, we would have got there by lunch-time.(与过去事实相反)10．If our train were to arrive punctually, we should have time to visit your sister. 11．We would / could / might have called you if we had known your telephone number. 12．If you were to have asked me, I would have been only too willing to help.13．If you were to have explained your problem to me, I would have been able to help you.虚拟错综条件句：如果主句与从句的动作发生的时间不一致，谓语动词形式应做适当调整。
高中英语语法考点虚拟语气
高中英语语法考点精讲精练例：1.If I were you, I should go and see the doctor at once.2.If we had no electricity, what would our life be?3.If you had told him yesterday, he might have made some suggestions.4.If I had valued the true love when I got it, I wouldn’t have greatly regretted when I lost it.5.If it had not rained so hard yesterday, we would have played tennis.6.If the sun were to rise in the west, I would lend you the money.7.If it should rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.8.If God offered me another chance right now, I would utter the three words to the girl, “I loveyou”.【跟踪训练】1. I didn’t see your sister a t the meeting. If she ______ she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come2. The rice ______ if you had been more careful.A. would not be burningB. would not burnC. would not have burntD. would not burnt3. If my lawyer ____ here last Saturday, he ______ me from going.A. had been; would have preventedB. had been; would preventC. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented5. You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired.A. drove; didn’t getB. drove; wouldn’t getC. were driving; wouldn’t getD. had driven; wouldn’t have got7. — If he ______, he ______ that food.— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken8. If it ______ rain tomorrow, they would not go there by bike.A. wouldB. couldC. mightD. should9. —John is really expert at fighting cybercrime!—Yes, but he _____ his potential if it had not been for his desire to meet the new challenge.A. never realizedB. would never realizeC. would never have realizedD. had never realized10. Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she_____there, she wouldn’t beable to see her parents very often.A. livesB. would liveC. having askedD. were to live【真题实战】1. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.A. have hadB. had hadC. haveD. had2. If we _________ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful. （2012山东）A. haven’t m adeB. wouldn’t makeC. didn’t makeD. hadn’t made3. If my car _________more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. （2012陕西）A. wasB. had beenC. should beD. would be4. We wouldn’t have called a tax i yesterday if Harold ______us a ride home. （2012天津）A. didn’t offerB. wouldn’t offerC. hasn’t offeredD. hadn’t offered【跟踪训练】改写以下句子。
考研基础语法知识复习——虚拟语气
考研基础语法知识复习——虚拟语气虚拟语气句型 8 （虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用）虚拟语气用于would rather 所跟的从句中，表示“宁愿” “但愿”。
从句动词用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成式表示过去的情况。
（参见would rather 句型）虚拟语气句型 9 （虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用）在表示要求、建议、命令等动词后的宾语从句中可以使用虚拟语气，其形式是“should +do”或省去should直接用动词原形(美国英语用法.）。
这类should+动词原形型的虚拟语气，一般用于主语从句、宾语从句、表语和同位语从句中。
它的使用主要取决于某些特定的表示要求、建议、命令的动词，名词和形容词。
这种类型的虚拟语气谓语由should+动词原形构成，无论什么人称都不能用 would，should在口语中可以略去。
1.他坚持要约翰来做这个工作。
2.我们建议会议不要推迟。
3.工会要求增加工资20%。
4.委员会提议在下一次会议上再讨论这件事。
5.合同规定使用最好的材料。
6.主席提出要马上讨论这个问题。
7.我们期望能提前预订票。
例句：One can suggest that students of English should spend two or three years in an English speaking country.我们建议学英语的学生应在说英语的国家呆上两三年。
He suggested that they (should) set up a special committee to look into the problem.他建议他们应成立一个专门的委员会来调查这个问题。
The commander ordered that our company (should) start the attack before dawn.司令官命令我们连在拂晓前开始进攻。
I demanded that he (should) tell me nothing but the truth.我要求他不要废话，只讲实情。
高中英语虚拟语气的十大句型
高中英语虚拟语气的十大句型虚拟条件句：条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。
1．条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为：句型1：If ＋主语＋过去时，主语＋should (could, would, 或might) ＋动词原形(1) If I were you, I would study hard.(2) If it rained, I would not be here now.2．条件从句与过去事实不一致，其句型为：句型2：If ＋主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋should（could, would, 或might）＋have ＋过去分词(3) If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have been saved.(4) If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term.3．条件从句与将来事实不一致，其句型为：句型3：If ＋主语＋过去时/ should ＋动词原形/ were to＋动词原形，主语＋should (could, would, 或might) ＋动词原形(5) If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.(6) If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.(7) If you missed the film tonight, you would feel sorry.注意问题：1．If条件句中绝对不可以出现would。
2．根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都要遵守上述句型。
如：(8) If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now and you would graduate from a college in four years’time. 3．条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装。
虚拟语气(顺口溜)
tha20t21i/t5/2s7hould rain.
16
(要求、渴望）
insist, order（坚持、命令）
等,以及其派生词 （如：suggestion, advice…idea)
复合句中所含有的名词性从句中的谓语动词要用
should do, should 可以省略。如：
The doctor suggested/insisted that she (should)
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②含蓄条件句 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现 if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来替代条件句。
1．用介词短语替代条件句。常用介词有with, without, but for等。如： We couldn’t have succeeded without your help(=If we hadn’t got your help).
与将 ①if + 主语 + did
主语+ would/ could/
来相 ②if + 主语 + were to + do might/shoulபைடு நூலகம் do
反 ③if + 主语 + should + do
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①此表中需要注意几点： 1．be动词在表示与现在事实相反的从句中一般用 were。在非正式情况下，第一、第三人称后偶尔 也用was。如： If he were/was you, he would go at once.
★当然上面2) 、 3)两类的that从句中也可以不用
虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。如：
It is strange that he did not come yesterday.
科技英语的翻译——12 虚拟语气
虚拟语气科技文章中常常提出一些设想、推理或判断，内容与事实相反，或者不大可能实现，而是说话人的主观愿望、建议、要求之类，为了同客观存在的实际相区别，英语中要求用虚拟语气。
1．虚拟简单句：由should/would/could/might＋动词原形构成，表示主观对客观事物的看法、愿望、请求、建议等[例句] Knowledge of the basic concepts of matrix algebra would be helpful but is not essential. [译文] 掌握有关矩阵代数的基本概念会有助于学习，但并非必须具备。
[例句] In this case, there would be no need to have security mechanisms within the network itself. [译文]在这种情况下网络本身不需要密码机。
2．虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法[例句] If there were no attraction between the proton and the electron, the electron would fly away from the proton in a straight line. （表示与现在事实相反）[译文] 如果质子与电子之间不存在引力，电子就会以沿一直线飞离质子。
[例句] Had it not been for computers a large number of technological advances would have been quite impossible. （表示与过去事实相反）如果没有计算机，大批技术成就是根本不可能获得的。
注：上述条件状语从句中省略if，而将句子的主语和谓语动词部分倒装。
[例句] If we were to travel by space rocket to the moon we would find it quite a different place from our own planet the earth.（表示与将来事实相反）[译文] 如果我们乘宇宙飞船到月球上去旅行，我们将会发现，月球与我们自己的星球——地球是完全不一样的。
高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结
高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结虚拟语气用于表示与现实相反的假设。
在非真实条件句中，如果从句表示与现在事实相反的假设，主句应该使用XXX动词原形。
例如，如果我有时间，我会参加会议。
如果你是我，你会抓住出国的机会。
如果从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句应该使用主语+XXX过去分词。
例如，如果你听从了我的建议，你就不会在考试中失败了。
如果从句表示与将来事实相反的假设，主句应该使用主语+XXX动词原形。
例如，如果你明天来，我们就会开会。
如果明天下雨，我们就会推迟运动会。
如果他明天不来，我们就会推迟会议到下周一。
有时候，条件状语从句和主句所表示的时间不一致，这时候被称为错综时间条件句。
动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
例如，如果你刚才听从了我的建议，你现在会更好。
如果你之前努力研究，你现在就是一名大学生了。
在条件句中，可以省略if，把were、had、should提到句首，变成倒装句式。
例如，如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力研究。
→Were I at school again。
I would study harder.Had you arrived earlier。
you would have caught the bus.If it rains tomorrow。
we won't be able to go climbing.What would you do if you had a n dollars?Without your help。
we XXX the work ahead of time.I was ill that day。
otherwise I XXX.He called me to inform me about your birthday。
or else I wouldn't have known about it.A man who s drinking water would be dead in about seven days.I might have been able to offer you more assistance。
高三一轮复习虚拟语气2012、10,22修改
4.________the exam, he would have attend a college A. If he passed B. Had he passed C. Were he passed D. If he should pass 5.________it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.
2条件状语的倒装：
如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以省 略if构成倒装：Were / Should / Had+主语 +主+ 其他 were you, I would try it again. 1.If I Were I you, I would try it again. 2.If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. 3.If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out. Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out.
注意：
• even if, even through引导的让步状语从句， 主句和从句都用虚拟语气，动词的形式与If 从句中的虚拟语气的形式相同。 • eg: Even if he had been ill, he would have gone to his office. • 即使生了病，他还去了办公室。
3. If it ____ tomorrow, the show would be put off. A. rains B. is raining C. had rained D. should rain
(2021年整理)虚拟语气(表格整理)
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虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）1.if（条件状语从句）2.wish（宾语从句）/if only（要是……就好了）3.would rather+ 从句（表示宁愿某人在现在或将来要做某事或过去做过某事）4.as if/as though，even if/though + 从句—-—--————-—-——--——--——--——————-----—--—--—-——---——-———-——-—————-----—5。
在表示“坚持、要求、命令、建议"之类的动词后的宾语从句中,用“（should）+动词原形”.6.虚拟语气用于主语从句7.虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句［用（should)+动词原形]8.虚拟语气用于定语从句这种从句常用在It is (high） time （that）.。
句型中,定语从句的谓语动词用过去式或should + 动词原形（should不能省略，be用were来表示），意为“（现在）该……”。
【好题珍藏】1.Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often. （Pano M6 P16:15）A.livesB.would liveC.has livedD.were to live【解析】主句说明了客观事实，if从句是对将来事实的假设。
虚拟语气的各种用法
虚拟语气的各种用法虚拟语气的各种用法、虚拟条件句的三种基本型别：与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反。
条件句有真实条件句和非真实(虚拟)条件句两种。
真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的，而非真实条件句则通常表示一种假想，与事实相反或不大可能会发生：If I have time, I will go with them. 假若我有时间，我就同他们去。
(陈述语气)If I were you, I would go with them. 假若我是你，我就同他们去。
(虚拟语气)▲ 与现在事实相反若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：If I knew her number ，I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的电话号码，我就可以给她打电话了。
(可惜我不知道)▲与过去事实相反若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”：If I’d left sooner，I’d have been on time. 要是我早点动身，我就准时到了。
(但我动身太迟了)▲与将来事实相反若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：If I asked him，I’m sure he’d help us. 如果我向他提出要求，肯定他会帮助我们。
(不过我不打算这样做)注：几点特别说明① 主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后。
would, might, could的大致区别是：would表示结果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性。
比较：If you tried again ，you would sueed. 要是你再试一试，你就会成功的。
虚拟语气讲义(15个句式)
虚拟语气讲义1．虚拟语气句型1If + were/ did/ (动词的过去式), 主语+would/ might/ should / could + do 。
(表示对现在的假设)eg. If I were you, I would not be so proud . 如果我是你,我不会如此自负.eg. I don’t have a cellphone. If I had one , it would be convenient for me to get in touch with others 我没有手机，如果我有手机的话，和别人联系就方便的多了。
eg. If I were in your position, I would think better of it .如果我处在你现在的境地，我会重新考虑然后放弃。
2. 虚拟语气句型2If + had done, 主语+would/ might/ should / could + have done表示对过去或已经发生事情的虚拟假设。
eg. What a pity it is that you didn’t attended the concert yesterday! If you had attended the concert, you would have seen the famous singer.真遗憾你昨天没有去听音乐会。
如果你去了，你就会见到那位名歌手。
eg. Anyone in his position would have done the same= If anyone had been in his position, he would have done the same.3. 虚拟语气句型3If + were/ did(动词过去式)/should/ were to do , 主语+would/ might/ should / could + do (表示对将来的假设).eg. If he should refuse (= if he were to refuse = if he refused ), it wouldn’t matter万一他拒绝了. 那也没有什么关系.eg. If you shouldn’t pass the college entrance e*amination, what would you do"万一你高考不中，你该怎么办？4. 虚拟语气条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，如果出现有were, had, should，可省去if，可将主语与这些词倒装，构成虚拟倒装句。
虚拟语气例句
2012届高考英语语法虚拟语气精讲精练习题（有答案）文章来源莲山课件w w w.5Yk 虚拟语气情况从句的动词主句的动词例句与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be动词一律用were) would/could/should/might ＋动词原形If I had time，I would attend your party.如果我有时间，我就去参加你的宴会了。
If I saw him now，I would be very happy.如果我现在见到他，我会很高兴的。
与过去事实相反had＋过去分词would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词You didn’t let me drive.If we had driven in turn，you wouldn’t have got so tired.你当时不让我开车。
如果我们轮流开，你就不会觉得那么累了。
与将来事实相反动词的过去式；should＋动词原形；were to＋动词原形would/could/might/should＋动词原形If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow，we would take photos.如果明天下雪，我们就照相。
注意：(1)若条件句中有were，had，should，可把if 省略，而把were，had，should 放在主语前，形成倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中。
Had you taken my advice，you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。
(2)有时主句和虚拟条件从句的动作发生的时间不一致，此时，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式。
If you had worked hard，you would be very tired now.如果你真的努力工作了，你现在就会感到很累的。
虚拟语气 详细解析
虚拟语气1． 语气的定义：在英语中，随着说话者的态度和意图的不同，动词需用不同的形式，这种动词的形式称为语气。
2．语气的分类: 英语中的语气有三类a.陈述语气：陈述事实，情况。
b.祈使语气：提出请求或命令（仅用于祈使句中）。
c.虚拟语气： 表示说话人所说的话只是一种主观的愿望，假设和建议，或表示发生的可能性较小的情况。
这种愿望，假设和建议的语气是通过动词的不同形式表现出来的。
3． 虚拟语气的具体用法：● 含有if 的几种情况：1） 含有were, had, should 的条件状语从句省略if ，用倒装句式 “were, had, should + 主语”e.g. Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.2） 用介词短语But for ( )+ n/ pron.或without+其他来代替条件状语从句，主句用虚拟语气 e.g. But for the rain we should have a pleasant journey.Without air, there would be no living things.3） 在由or; otherwise; but 表示的含蓄条件句中,用主句虚拟形式e.g. I was ill that day. Otherwise I would have taken part in the competition.② 虚拟语气在以 as if; as though 引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用,用从句虚拟形式如果从句表示与现在事实相反用did/ were ；与过去事实相反用had done ；与将来事实相反用would/ might/ could do.但后的从句也常用陈述语气，这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可被设想为真实的 e.g. It looks as if it might rain. It looks as if our side is going to win.③ 虚拟语气用于if only 引导的感叹句中，用从句虚拟形式e.g. If only I had taken his advice. If only I were a bird.④ 虚拟语气用于 “If it were not for+ 其他”_______________ 或“If it had not been for”______________句型中。
高中英语读后续写 高级句式升级--虚拟语气
读后续写专题12：高级句式升级--虚拟语气虚拟语气主要用来表示假设，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，也有可能与事实完全相反。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示，常用来表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等含义，在写作中可以用来表达比较强烈的感情。
（一）没....的话，某人就....：Without... ,sb. would../ But for... , sb. would...功能：Without、But for后接名词或名词短语，用来表示委婉的虚拟语气。
e.g.:1> Without your advice, I wouldn't have succeeded.2> But for your instruction, I would not have made such great progress.句子练习：1.如果没有挫折，我们的人生就不会充满精彩的故事。
Without setbacks, our life would not be filled with wonderful stories.2.要不是这次经历，我就不会意识到我应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。
But for this experience, I wouldn't have realized that I should spend more time with my family.3.要是没有Eric当时的鼓励，我可能接下来的一天都仍然沉浸在悲伤的情绪里。
Without Eric's encouragement, I would have been immersed in sorrow for the rest of the day.4.如果没有这些钱，这个人可能会一整晚挨饿，失去对生活的希望。
Without this money, the man might have starved the whole night and lost hope for life.（二）希望.....：wishing (that) ...功能：wish表实现不了的愿望，此处将其用作非谓语动词，表示主语的一种愿望。
专题12 虚拟语气-2022年高考英语一轮复习之语法经典练
专题12 虚拟语气（基础小题狂练+语法填空+短文改错：限时40分钟）班级：___________姓名：___________Exercise 1 单句语法填空1.—I hear she married a beggar.—She must __________(be) mad.2.From his excited expression, he must __________(pass) his driving test.3.Thus, I suggest we senior school students _____ take part-time jobs in our holidays, if possible.4.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _____(have) a good time together.5.Have you ever been to London? If you haven't been to, which sites would you visit if you _________(get) the chance?6.Without your help, I _________(get) first prize in the English Speaking Contest.7.Had I known about that useful computer program, I _________(save) a huge amount of time and energy.8.—Shall I tell them the bad news?—No, I would rather they _________(know) it.9.That sounds like a close match. How I wish I _________(watch) it as you did!10.It's too bad that my computer has got a new virus. If only I _________(run) that program!11.Mother recommended that the clothes in a mess ___________(fold) up and laid in my wardrobe.12.Catherine would rather that she ____________(take) the pain instead of her baby. We can't imagine how upset she was.13.But for my teachers' encouragement, I would ____________(get) discouraged by the difficulties I met.14.When my friend lived here, we ________ eat lunch together every day.15.They talked happily and endlessly as if they _________ (know) each other for many years.16.He talks as if he _____________ (be) to many countries around the world. Don’t be taken in by his fancy words.17.He insisted that he __________(d o) nothing wrong.18.______they abandoned their dreams, they wouldn’t have achieved their success.19.She had requested that the door to her room _________(leave) open.20.Eye doctors r ecommend that a child’s first eye exam __________(be) at the age of six months old.21.The students had been working hard on their lessons and their ________________(reward) with success in the end.22.The doctor suggests that he ____________ (take) a rest.23.His proposal that the system _____ (change) was rejected.24.Had he ____________(live) up to his promise, he would have made a fortune in sponsorship money.25.It is very important that parents _____________(pay) attention to their children's mental health.26.They put forward a proposal that the sports meeting __________(hold) three days ahead of time.27.The boss commanded that measures __________ (take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.28.You'll feel as if you _______ (be) at home while here.29.He talks as if he ___________ (be) to many countries before.30.If I had enough money now, I ____________(buy) a car.31.If he had listened carefully,he_________ (do) it better.32.If your kids say they have to skip chores because it's time they ________(deal) with their homework, you'd better not let them off the hook.33.For example, in 2007, a boy died in Washington when a tooth infection spread to his brain. It might have been prevented if he ________ (receive) the dental (牙齿的) care he needed.34.They might have found a better hotel if they _______(drive) a few more kilometers.35.There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______(have) a second chance to become more involved.36.I wish I _______ (have) a chance to talk with you about my writing before you left.37.If she _______ (lose) her precious belongings, she could have lost something far more important—her life!38.If you _______ (be) one minute late for work, would you resign?39.My husband is always talking about the economy and stocks, but I'd rather he _______ (focus) more on our children's education.40.My father suggests that I _______ (take) enough sleep before the final examination.41.If I hadn’t met Jim in the library that day, I ______ (miss) the ch ance of owning a true friend.42.One of the tasks of the receptionist is to clear the ________(mess) kindergarten. He is really ________(skill) init. If only I ________(have) the same skill!43.John went to the hospital alone. If I_________ (tell) about it, I would have gone with him.44.At the meeting ________(hold) yesterday, the chairman objected ________ the advice that a chorus (should) ________(invite) in honor of the 5th anniversary of the company.45.It is strongly recommended that the machines ________(check) every year.46.The doctor thought that the boy was seriously ill and insisted that he __________ (operate) on at once.47.Had he not apologized to her, she would not have_______ (forgive) him.48.Our English teacher proposed that everyone _______(read) as much as possible.49.It’s high time someone ______ (protest) against human rights violations.50.While you have grown old, you are now still as humorous as you _______(be).51.Our class teacher demanded that every student _______(speak) at the class meeting.52.Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as if he ______(do) something very clever.53.Due to the lack of money, I recommend that he _______(avoid) using this expensive piece of equipment.54.It's about time we ________(update) our software.55.Our teacher recommends that we _______(take) exercise regularly to keep fit.56.Without your help, I ______________(fail) the exam last week.57.I propose that we ______(hold) a meeting to discuss this.58.The manager required that the work _______(finish) before Friday.59.I was ill that day, otherwise I ______(take) part in the sports meet.60.Eye doctors recommended that a child’s first eye exam ______(be) at the age of six months old.Exercise 2 语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
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虚拟语气条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
一．真实条件句：用于陈述语气，假设的情况有可能发生。
各种结构参见下表：例如：If he comes, he will bring his violin. 如果他来，会带小提琴来的。
The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.A. will rainB. rainsC. rainedD. is rained注意：1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.（错） If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.（对） If you leave now, you will never regret it.2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词不用shall （will） +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。
二．非真实条件句虚拟语气可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况，时态的基本特点是时态往提前一级。
（一）IF类：a. 与现在事实相反的假设例如：If they were here, they would help you. 如果他们在这儿，会帮助你的。
含义：They are not here, they can’t help you.b. 与过去事实相反的假设例如：If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.如果他昨天来的话，我会把这件事告诉他的。
含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.c. 表示对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想例如：If you succeeded, everything would be all right. 如果你将来成功了，一切都会好的。
If you should succeed, everything would be all right.If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.含义：You are not likely to succeed, everything will be what it is now.注意：1．混合条件句有时，主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，主句从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这种条件句叫做混合条件句。
例如：If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 如果你昨天问过他，今天就知道做什么了。
（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。
）If it had rained last night（过去）, it would be very cold today （现在）.如果昨晚下过雨，今天就会很冷了。
2．虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were, should, 或had时, 可省略if，再把were, should或had 移到从句的句首，实行倒装。
例如：Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us.他们现在在的话，就会帮助我们了。
Had you come earlier, you would have met him. =If you had come earlier, you would have met him.你来得早一点，就碰到他了。
Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.假如下雨，庄稼就有救了。
If it should rain注意：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。
例如： If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。
If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。
典型例题_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.A. If were IB. I wereC. Were ID. Was I答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。
但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。
如我们可说Were I not to do, 而不能说 Weren't I to do。
3．含蓄条件句：用without, but for引导的状语，往往暗含着虚拟条件，要注意主句部分的虚拟语气：Without the Party, there would be no New China.But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work so quickly.4. 情态动词可酌情选用：If I could, I would.If you would, you could.(二) “should + V原形”类：1. 在宾语从句中的应用：在有关“命令，要求，建议，请求”动词，名词后的THA T宾语从句要用虚拟语气形式。
此类动词有：ask要求advise建议arrange安排beg请求determine决定command命令decide决定demand要求desire渴望insist坚持intend打算maintain坚持主张move建议，动员propose提议object反对order命令prefer建议require 需要request要求recommend推荐suggest建议urge强调，促进vote公认，提议pray请求例如：I suggest that we （should） hold a meeting next week. 我建议下周召开个会议。
He insisted that he （should ） be sent there.他要求被派到那儿去。
注意：1．如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
2．这类动词后面除了可接that虚拟句以外，也可以接doing或者to do…来表达，一般情况下，意思没有什么差别。
She advised that we should keep the gate locked.（书面体）She advised us to keep the gate locked.（口语）She advised keeping the gate locked.(较随便)判断改错：（错） You pale face suggests that you（should）be ill.（对） Your pale face suggests that you are ill.（错） I insisted that you（should）be wrong.（对） I insisted that you were wrong.2. 在主语从句中的应用It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…等结构的主语从句，谓语动词用should 加动词原形，should 可省略。
It is essential that he should be prepared for this.It is suggested that every Beijinger (should) learn to speak English.It’s necessary that he should be taken to hospital at once.3）在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。
例如：My idea is that we（should）get more people to attend the conference.我的想法是让更多的人来参加会议。
I make a proposal that we（should）hold a meeting next week.我提了个建议，下周我们开个会。
4) 由连接词in case, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句：She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold.她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。
（三）提前时态类：1．WISH1）wish后面的从句，表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。
其宾语从句的动词形式为：例如：I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。
He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲过那样的话。
I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。
2）wish to do；wish sb / sth to do。
例如：I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. 我希望见一见经理。
I wish the manager to be informed at once. （= I want the manager to be informed at once.）我希望经理能马上得到消息。
3) had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。
His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later.2. if onlyif only表示"如果……就好了"。