2015届高三一轮第四课sk
《考案》2015届高三英语一轮复习课件：Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars(共73张PPT)
competitors. 1.gravity 2.harmful 3.puzzled 4.climate 5.atmosphere 6.exist 7.violent 8.system 9.multiplies 10.unlike Ⅱ.汉译英 1．房间里如此之热，以至于她觉得头晕目眩。 _________________________________________________________ _______________ 2．他的意思是他要一个调羹嘛！ _________________________________________________________ _______________
Ⅰ.单词速记 1．________ n. 理论 2．________ n. 大气层；气氛 3．________ n. 地心引力；重力 4．________ n. 卫星；人造卫星 5．________ n. 气候 6．________ vi. 宇宙飞船 7．________ vt. 乘；增加 8．________ vi. & vt. 碰撞；坠落
2．正如我们所知道的，热是能量的一种形式。(依据句式②) _________________________________________________________ _______________ 3．你单独住一段时间更好。(依据句式③) _________________________________________________________ _______________ 1．There seems to be a trend that some young people do2．As we know, heat is a form of energy. 3．It is better for you to live alone for some time.
【步步高】(江苏专用)2015届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Public transport同步
【步步高】（江苏专用）2015届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Public transport同步导学牛津译林版选修7Ⅰ.重点单词识记1．convey /kən′veI/ vt.运送，输送；表达2．postpone /pə′spəʊn/ vt.延迟，延期3．section /′sekʃn/ n．部分；部件；部门4．undertake /ˌʌndə′teIk/ vt.& vi.承担，从事；承诺，答应5．authority /ɔː′θɒrətI/ n．权力，权威；官方，当权者；批准，授权6．enlarge /In′lɑːdʒ/ vt.& vi.扩大，扩展，增大7．anniversary /ˌænI′vɜːsərI/ n．周年纪念日8．growth /ɡrəʊθ/ n．增加，增长；成长，生长9．punctual /′pʌŋktʃʊəl/ adj.准时的，守时的10．arise /ə′raIz/ vi.出现，产生11．pedestrian /pə′destrIən/ n．行人，步行者；adj.行人(使用)的12．aggressive /ə′ɡresIv/ adj.好斗的，挑衅的，富于攻击性的13．crash /kræʃ/ n．& vi.& vt.撞车；碰撞；倒闭；崩溃14．fine /faIn/ vt.处以罚金15．drunk /drʌŋk/ adj.喝醉的；n.醉汉，酒鬼16．unbelievable /ˌʌnbI′liːvəbl/ adj.非常坏(或非常好、非常极端)的，令人难以置信的→believe v．相信；认为→belief n．看法，信念17．enquiry /In′kwaIərI/ n．询问，咨询；调查，查究，探究→enquire v．询问，打听18．annual /′ænjʊəl/ adj.每年的，一年一次的→annually adv.一年一次地19．detail /′diːteIl/ n．具体情况，详情，细节→detailed adj.详细的，细致的20．departure /dI′pɑːtʃə(r)/ n．离开，出发；背离，违反→depart v．离开，出发21．load /ləʊd/ n．负荷，负载；大量，许多；vt.装载，装上，装入→unload vt.卸货Ⅱ.重点短语识记1．drop off中途下客或卸货2．link up联合，连接3．at (...) intervals每隔……距离或时间4．break out突发，爆发5．make out辨认出；理解，明白；假装6．put through给某人接通(电话)；使经历7．decide on/upon决定，选定8．put off推迟，推延；使反感9．turn up出现，到来；调高(音量等)10．fill in填写(表格)；消磨(时间)11．a handful of少数的，少量的12．split up分组，分解；分离13．speed up(使)加速14．arise from起因于，由……引起15．apply to适用于Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵1．However，most trains to London only went to the outer city limits，because building railwaytracks into the city would have damaged many old buildings.但大部分通往伦敦的火车只到外伦敦的边界，因为在市区修建铁路会损坏许多古建筑。
高中英语真题-2015届高考英语一轮复习：Module4FineArts—WesternChines
高中英语真题:2015届高考英语一轮复习：Module4FineArts—WesternChineseandPopArtsⅠ.单项填空1．—I'm going to Venice next week.—________ .Carnival will be held then. Have fun!A. You're crazyB. You're luckyC. You'd better notD. You never know2．The team's victory produced a(n)________of joy all over the country.A．scene B．viewB．scenery D．appearance3．________ what would happen, none of them could find a wa y out.A．Left wondering B．Having left wonderingC．Leaving to wonder D．Having left to wonder4．I was feeling so ________ the class this morning that I found it impossible to concentrate.A．fed up with B．put up withC．ended up with D．caught up with5．I had to look twice to________which was Martinez; they all lo oked alike.A．find B．tell C．realize D．decide6．He said he was very busy, but ______ he had nothing to do.A．at last B．as a resultC．in a word D．in reality7．—These toys are a real ________ at such low prices.—True. Shall we buy some for our kids?A. gloryB. bargainC. medalD. poster8．—What do you enjoy most in life?—________ time with good friends. It's really good fun.A．To spend B．SpendC．Spending D．Having spent9．The happiest people don't have the best of everything. They just ________ everything.A．get away from B．make the best ofC．fix attention on D．catch up with10．It's not easy to learn English well. ________as much as possible is necessary.A．Having read B．ReadC．Reading D．To have read11．There's a ________ in our office that when it's somebody's birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.A．tradition B．balanceC．concern D．relationship12．The programme ________ teenagers has gained popularity across the country.A．aimed at B．aiming atC．intended at D．designing for13．Realizing the police had seen him, the man ________the ex it as quickly as he could.A．made up B．made forC．made out D．made off14．Mary can't help ________ the room because she is busy wit h her homework.A．to clean B．cleaningC．cleaned D．being cleaned15．—What do you ________ the plan?—I'm afraid it is not practical.A．make of B．think overC．find D．likeⅡ.阅读理解AWe know the famous ones—the Thomas Edison and the Alexander Graham Bell—but what about the less famous inventors? What about the peo ple who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)？Shouldn't we know who they are?Joan McLean thinks so. In fact, McLean, a professor of physic s at in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that she's de veloped a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who” inve nted “what”， however, McLean also likes her students to lear n the answers to the “why”and“how”questions. According to Mc Lean, “When students learn the answers to these questions, th ey are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing a nd more motivated to give inventing a try.”Her students agree. One young man with a patent for an unbre akable umbrella is walking proof of McLean's statement.“If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper's invention，” said Tommy Lee, a senior physics major, “I never would have drea med of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into some thing so constructive.” Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, M ary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to . Th e day was cold and stormy, but still wanted to see the sights, s o she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was st ruggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she f ound herself wondering why there couldn't be a builtin device fo r cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she retur ned home to , . started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作杆) on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the o utside, became the first windshield wiper.Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. It's hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgan's traffic light. It's equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J．Bl odgett's innovation that makes glass invisible. Can you picture li fe without clear windows and eyeglasses?16．By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”， the a uthor indicates that countless inventions are________.A．beneficial, because their inventors are famousB．beneficial, though their inventors are less famousC．not useful, because their inventors are less famousD．not useful, though their inventors are famous 17．Professor Joan McLean's course aims to________.A．add colour and variety to students' campus lifeB．inform students of the windshield wiper's inventionC．carry out the requirements byD．prepare students to try their own inventions18．Tommy Lee's invention of the unbreakable umbrella was__ ______.A．not eventually accepted by the umbrella producerB．inspired by the story behind the windshield wiperC．due to his dream of being caught in a rainstormD．not related to Professor Joan McLean's lectures 19．Which of the following can best serve as the title of this pa ssage?A．How to help students to sell their inventions to producers? B．How to design a builtin device for cleaning the window? C．Shouldn't we know who invented the windshield wiper?D．Shouldn't we develop invention courses in universities?BOnce many years ago, I pulled a family out of a burning car so mewhere in . Last week I received a telephone call from a woman who could not stop crying as she told me that one of my stori es had saved her son from committing suicide. In closing she c alled me a hero.That got me thinking about what a hero is. Was I a hero bec ause I pulled a family out from a burning car? If so, how could I be a hero just because I wrote a story that saved someone's life ?Today I decided to look up the word “hero” in the dictionary t o see exactly what it meant. It read “a person who does someth ing b rave”. As I read on, it also said “a person who is good and noble”．That statement impressed me more than the part about bein g brave. So I thought about something very important. Say I wa s walking into the local Walmart Store and I happened to open, and hold the door for someone as a courtesy. As they passed me by, I said, “How are you today？” Most of the time that woul d be no big deal, but this time let's say it was for someone who was deeply depressed and near the end of the rope. That may have very well been the only kindness or courtesy shown to the m in a very long time.Having been near “the end of my rope”， after my marriage of twenty years ended, I was in such a condition. I was within h ours trying to get enough courage to end the pain and misery.When I returned home, someone had sent me a card in the mai l which told me how much they would appreciate me as a friend . That wonderful card probably saved my life. That person, with out even knowing it, saved a life and became a hero.Gee, who would have ever thought that anyone can become a hero, and possibly save a life just by being kind and courteou s to others? The best part of all is that becoming a hero is free t o all who wish to wear such an honour.20．Which of the following would be the best title for this passa ge?A. Why should you be a hero?B．What exactly is a hero?C．I am a heroD．Everyone is a hero21. From the first paragraph we know that ________．A. the woman was just the one from the family I pulled outB．one of my stories prevented the woman's son from endin g his lifeC．the woman couldn't help crying because I had saved her l ifeD．the writer was called a hero who had saved a family from an accident22. The underlined word “courtesy” in Paragraph 4 means the b ehaviour that is ________．A. polite and respectfulB．brave and fearlessC．smart and considerateD．cute and kind23. After the writer got divorced, ________．A．he devoted all his life to helping the poorB．he led a very happy lifeC．he led an extremely unhappy and uncomfortable lifeD．he found much pleasure in supporting the homeless24. According to this passage, which of the following can be co nsidered as the behaviour of a hero?A. Holding a door open for someone.B．Sending someone a wonderful card.C．Keeping writing stories for children.D．Being kind to someone who has a hard time.2015届高考英语一轮复习：Module4FineArts—WesternChineseandPopArtsⅠ.单项填空1．—I'm going to Venice next week.—________ .Carnival will be held then. Have fun!A. You're crazyB. You're luckyC. You'd better notD. You never know2．The team's victory produced a(n)________of joy all over the country.A．scene B．viewB．scenery D．appearance3．________ what would happen, none of them could find a way out.A．Left wondering B．Having left wonderingC．Leaving to wonder D．Having left to wonder4．I was feeling so ________ the class this morning that I found it impossible to concentrate. A．fed up with B．put up withC．ended up with D．caught up with5．I had to look twice to________which was Martinez; they all looked alike.A．find B．tell C．realize D．decide6．He said he was very busy, but ______ he had nothing to do.A．at last B．as a resultC．in a word D．in reality7．—These toys are a real ________ at such low prices.—True. Shall we buy some for our kids?A. gloryB. bargainC. medalD. poster8．—What do you enjoy most in life?—________ time with good friends. It's really good fun.A．To spend B．SpendC．Spending D．Having spent9．The happiest people don't have the best of everything. They just ________ everything. A．get away from B．make the best ofC．fix attention on D．catch up with10．It's not easy to learn English well. ________as much as possible is necessary. A．Having read B．ReadC．Reading D．To have read11．There's a ________ in our office that when it's somebody's birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.A．tradition B．balanceC．concern D．relationship12．The programme ________ teenagers has gained popularity across the country. A．aimed at B．aiming atC．intended at D．designing for13．Realizing the police had seen him, the man ________the exit as quickly as he could. A．made up B．made forC．made out D．made off14．Mary can't help ________ the room because she is busy with her homework.A．to clean B．cleaningC．cleaned D．being cleaned15．—What do you ________ the plan?—I'm afraid it is not practical.A．make of B．think overC．find D．likeⅡ.阅读理解AWe know the famous ones—the Thomas Edison and the Alexander Graham Bell—but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)？Shouldn't we know who they are?Joan McLean thinks so. In fact, McLean, a professor of physics at in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that she's developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who” inve nted “what”， however, McLean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why”and“h ow”questions. According to McLean, “When students learn the answers to these questions, the y are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventi ng a try.”Her students agree. One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of McLean's statement.“If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper's invention，” said T ommy Lee, a senior physics major, “I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.” Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the i dea in 1902 after a visit to . The day was cold and stormy, but still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldn't be a builtin device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to , . started drafting o ut solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作杆) on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshi eld wiper.Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. It's hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgan's traffic light. It's equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J．Bl odgett's innovation that makes glass invisible. Can you picture life without clear windows and ey eglasses?16．By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”， the author indicates that countless in ventions are________.A．beneficial, because their inventors are famousB．beneficial, though their inventors are less famousC．not useful, because their inventors are less famousD．not useful, though their inventors are famous17．Professor Joan McLean's course aims to________.A．add colour and variety to students' campus lifeB．inform students of the windshield wiper's inventionC．carry out the requirements byD．prepare students to try their own inventions18．Tommy Lee's invention of the unbreakable umbrella was________.A．not eventually accepted by the umbrella producerB．inspired by the story behind the windshield wiperC．due to his dream of being caught in a rainstormD．not related to Professor Joan McLean's lectures19．Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?A．How to help students to sell their inventions to producers?B．How to design a builtin device for cleaning the window?C．Shouldn't we know who invented the windshield wiper?D．Shouldn't we develop invention courses in universities?BOnce many years ago, I pulled a family out of a burning car somewhere in . Last week I receive d a telephone call from a woman who could not stop crying as she told me that one of my storie s had saved her son from committing suicide. In closing she called me a hero.That got me thinking about what a hero is. Was I a hero because I pulled a family out from a burning car? If so, how could I be a hero just because I wrote a story that saved someone's life? Today I decided to look up the word “hero” in the dictionary to see exactly what it meant. It re ad “a person who does something brave”. As I read on, it also said “a person who is good and n oble”．That statement impressed me more than the part about being brave. So I thought about som ething very important. Say I was walking into the local Walmart Store and I happened to open, a nd hold the door for someone as a courtesy. As they passed me by, I said, “How are you today ？” Most of the time that would be no big deal, but this time let's say it was for someone who wa s deeply depressed and near the end of the rope. That may have very well been the only kindne ss or courtesy shown to them in a very long time.Having been near “the end of my rope”， after my marriage of twenty years ended, I was in such a condition. I was within hours trying to get enough courage to end the pain and misery. W hen I returned home, someone had sent me a card in the mail which told me how much they wo uld appreciate me as a friend. That wonderful card probably saved my life. That person, without even knowing it, saved a life and became a hero.Gee, who would have ever thought that anyone can become a hero, and possibly save a life just by being kind and courteous to others? The best part of all is that becoming a hero is free to all who wish to wear such an honour.20．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. Why should you be a hero?B．What exactly is a hero?C．I am a heroD．Everyone is a hero21. From the first paragraph we know that ________．A. the woman was just the one from the family I pulled outB．one of my stories prevented the woman's son from ending his lifeC．the woman couldn't help crying because I had saved her lifeD．the writer was called a hero who had saved a family from an accident22. The underlined word “courtesy” in Paragraph 4 means the behaviour that is ________．A. polite and respectfulB．brave and fearlessC．smart and considerateD．cute and kind23. After the writer got divorced, ________．A．he devoted all his life to helping the poorB．he led a very happy lifeC．he led an extremely unhappy and uncomfortable lifeD．he found much pleasure in supporting the homeless24. According to this passage, which of the following can be considered as the behaviour of a h ero?A. Holding a door open for someone.B．Sending someone a wonderful card.C．Keeping writing stories for children.D．Being kind to someone who has a hard time.。
2015年高中数学新课标一轮复习上册4-4
基础回扣·思维辨析 试题调研·考点突破 好题演练·智能提升
基础回扣·思维辨析 试题调研·考点突破 好题演练·智能提升
课时提升演练
一轮复习 ·新课标数学 ·理（上册）
3．平面向量与其他数学知识的综合应用 (1) 平 面 向 量 与 三 角 函 数 交 汇 的 问 题 是 高 考 经 常 出 现 的 问 题，命题以三角函数作为背景，是向量的坐标运算与解三角形、 三角函数图象和性质综合的问题； (2)平面向量与函数、不等式交汇的问题，主要是向量与二 次函数、基本不等式结合的问题为主，要注意自变量的取值范围．
(3)用向量方法解决平面几何问题的步骤． 平面几何问题设―向 ―→量向量问题―运―算→解决向量问题―还―原→解 决几何问题
基础回扣·思维辨析 试题调研·考点突破 好题演练·智能提升
课时提升演练
一轮复习 ·新课标数学 ·理（上册）
2．平面向量在解析几何中的应用，是以解析几何中的坐标 为背景的一种向量描述，它主要强调向量的坐标运算，将向量问 题转化为坐标问题，进而利用直线和圆锥曲线的位置关系的相关 知识来解答，坐标的运算是考查的主体．
基础回扣·思维辨析 试题调研·考点突破 好题演练·智能提升
课时提升演练
一轮复习 ·新课标数学 ·理（上册）
(2)平面上的两个向量O→A，O→B满足|O→A|＝a，|O→B|＝b，且O→A⊥ O→B，a2＋b2＝4.向量O→P＝xO→A＋yO→B(x，y∈R)，且 a2x－122＋ b2y－122＝1.
课时提升演练
一轮复习 ·新课标数学 ·理（上册）
(2)用向量解决常见平面几何问题的技巧.
问题类型
所用知识
公式表示
线平行、点共 线、相似等问 题
共线向量定理
2015届高考英语(人教版)一轮复习配套文档：Book_8_Unit_4Pygmalion概要
Ⅰ.要点单词识记1． outcome / ′ a?tk?m/ n．结果；成效2． upper /′ ?p?/ adj.( 地点或地位 )较高的；级别较高的3． extraordinary /Ik ′ str??dnrI/ adj .不同平常的；非凡的4． properly / ′ pr?p?lI/ adv.适合地；适合地5． handful / ′h?ndf ?l/ n．一把；少许6． compromise / ′ k?mpr?maIz/ n． & vi .妥协；折中7． overlook /???v?′ l?k/ vt.俯视；忽视；不理睬8． classic / ′kl?sIk/ adj.经典的；第一流的；n.经典著作9． troublesome /′ tr?bls?m/ adj .带来麻烦的；令人心烦的10． brilliant / ′ brIlI ?nt/ adj .光芒绚烂的；优异的；才干横溢的11． remark /rI ′ mɑ ?k/n．讨论；言论；评论；vt.& vi .讨论；议论；提及12． condemn /k?n′ dem/ vt.斥责；使注定13． authentic /??′ θe ntIk/ adj .真切的；真切的；可信的；靠谱的14． status /′ steIt?s/ n．身份；地位；职位15． superior /su?′ pI?rI ?/ adj.优异的；较高的；上司的；n.上司；长官16． antique /?n ′ ti?k/ adj .古时的； (因古老、稀罕而)宝贵的； n.文物；古玩；古玩17． musical / ′ mju?zIkl/ adj .音乐的；喜爱音乐的；n.音乐喜剧18． fade /feId/ vi.& vt.(使 )退色；减弱；渐渐消逝19． adaptation /??d?p ′ teI?n/ n．适应 (性 )；改编本20． hesitate /′hezIteIt/ vi .踌躇；狐疑→hesitation n．踌躇；狐疑21． uncomfortable / ?n′ k?mft ?b?l/ adj.不舒畅的；不安的；不自在的→uncomfortably adv.不舒畅地；不自在地→comfort n．舒坦，舒畅；vt.宽慰22． mistaken /mIs ′ teIk?n/ adj .(看法或判断上)错误的；不正确的→mistake n．错误； vt. 误解；弄错23． betray /bI ′ treI/ vt.显现出 (原来面目 )；背叛→ betrayal n．背叛；泄漏24． acquaintance /?′kweInt ?ns/ n．认识；认识；熟人→acquaint vt.使认识；使认识；使熟习25．fortune / ′ f??t?u?n/．时机；运气；大笔的钱→ fortunate adj.好运的；侥幸的→ fortunately adv.好运地；幸好26．disgusting /dIs ′ ɡ ?stI?/adj.令人讨厌的；令人憎恶的→disgusted adj.感觉憎恶的→ disgust vt.憎恶；嫌恶27． classify / ′ kl?sIfaI/ vt.编排；分类；归类→classification n．分类；归类28． rob /r ?b/ vt.打劫；偷窃；剥夺→robbery n．打劫 (行为 )29． horrible / ′ h?r?bl/ adj.可怕的；恐惧的→horror n．恐惧Ⅱ.要点短语识记1． pass...off as...(把某人 )改变或假冒成2． make one’ s acquaintance 结纳；与相见3． generally speaking 一般来说4． in terms of... 就来说，从角度5． show...in 带或领进来6． the other day 几日前7． once more 再一次8． in need of... 需要9． fade out( 声音、画面 )渐渐模糊；渐淡Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵1． While watching ， he makes notes.他边看边做笔录。
【名师一号】2015高考英语一轮复习-Unit-4-Pygmalion课件-新人教版选修8
13．condemn vt.⇒搭配：～publicly 公开谴责；～sb. to death
判某人死刑； ～sb. for sth.因某事而谴责某人
14．superior adj. & n．⇒搭配： ～in 在……方面优越； ～
to 比……优越 音标：
ərIə/
15．compromise n. & vi.⇒搭配： ～with sb. about sth.就某
考点3
condemn vt.谴责；使……注定
【教材原句】 ... the English that will condemn her to the
gutter to the end of her days.
【归纳拓展】
The judge condemned him to ten years in prison. 法官判他十年徒刑。
9．The negotiation is still on. We are waiting for the final outcome.
10．This horrible sight terrified all the people present.
C．提示猜词 11.remark n. & vt. & vi.⇒搭配： ～on 评论；谈论； ～behind sb.'s back 在某人背后议论 12．betray vt.⇒搭配： ～one's country 卖国； ～a plan 泄 露计划； ～one's trust 辜负某人的信任
compromise.A
Ⅱ.语法填空(介词) ④We are not prepared to compromise on safety standards. ⑤It's wise of you to compromise with her.
【优化方案】2015届高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 基础考点聚焦 Unit4 Astronomy th
【优化方案】2015届高考英语一轮复习第一局部根底考点聚焦Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars单元检测同步探源新人教版必修3Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2014·成都高中毕业班第一次诊断)Young children are trusting of commercial advertisements in the media，and advertisers have sometimes been accused of taking advantage of this trusting outlook.The Independent Television Commission，regulator of television advertising，has criticized advertisers for “misleadingness〞 in an effort to control advertisers’ use of techniques that make it difficult for children to judge the true size，action，performance，or construction of a toy.Fantasy is one of the common techniques in advertising that could mislead young audi ence.In children’s advertising，advertisers are more likely to include fantasy than advertisements aimed at adults.In a content analysis of Canadian television，the author Stephen Kline observed that nearly all commercials for character toys featured fantasy play.Children have strong imaginations and the use of fantasy brings their ideas to life，but children may not be adept enough to realize that what they are viewing is unreal.Fantasy situations are frequently used to attract children’s attention，particularly in food advertising.Advertisements for breakfast have been found to be especially fond of fantasy techniques.Generally，there is uncertainty as to whether very young children can distinguish between fantasy and reality in advertising.The use of pop stars such as singers and movie stars is common in advertising.The intention is for the positive qualities of pop stars to be transferred to the advertised product and for the two to become linked in audience’s mind.In children’s advertising，the pop stars are often vivid figures from popular cartoons.In recent years，the role of pop stars in advertising to children has often been combined with the concept of host selling.Host selling involves advertisements with regular programming in a way that makes it difficult to distinguish one from the other.Host selling occurs，for example，when a children’s show about a cartoon lion contains an advertisement in which the same lion promotes a breakfast.The psychologist Dale Kunkel shows that the practice of host selling has reduced children’s ability to distinguish between advertising and the program material.Meanwhile，he also shows some other tricky advertisements.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。
2015届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Helping people around the wor
2015届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Helping people around the world巩固讲练篇牛津译林版选修6重点词汇考考点-1. lack【教材原句】When there is a lack of food, there is hunger. (P49)当食物缺乏时就有饥饿。
【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子，注意lack的词性、意义和搭配①We still lack the necessary information.②He was set free for/through lack of evidence.③They are so rich that they lack nothing.④She is lacking in confidence when delivering a speech in public.⑤Her decision seems to show a lack of political judgment.⑥We have no lack of water here.【自主归纳】lack作动词用(不用于被动语态)： lack(for) nothing 什么都不缺lack作名词用：(a) lack of…缺乏……no lack of充足的for /through lack of因缺乏……，因没有……lacking为形容词：be lacking in…缺乏……Willy is painfully aware of this, and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success.We lack both time and money.His reception of us was lackingin warmth.【即时巩固】单项选择题题①Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a ______ ofexercise.A. limitB. lackC. needD. demand【答案】B【解析】lack意为“缺乏〞。
【高考复习方案】(湖北省专用)2015届高三英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Astronomy the
课时作业(十四) [必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy：the science ofthe stars](限时：40分钟)Ⅰ.多项选择1．It is a mistake to try to look too far ahead, for the ________ of life can only be grasped one link at a time.A．sheet B．frameworkC．container D．chain2．The greatest threat to the continued ________ of this special fish is the water pollution caused by the factories along the river.A．catastrophe B．appearanceC．existence D．possession3．The monthly sales of Mo Yan's works ________ 199 times compared with those before he won the Nobel Prize for Literature.A．accelerated B．stretchedC．multiplied D．switched4．Learning English means more than memorizing a lot of words. It ________ a large amount of reading as well.A．involves B．inspiresC．motivates D．associates5．A fire suddenly ________ at midnight at the National Exhibition in London, and at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.A．burst out B．broke outC．broke up D．blocked out6．When you are walking in wild woods, you have to ________ snakes and some other dangerous animals.A．look down upon B．spy onC．catch sight of D．watch out for7．Over the years she had tried her best to ________ the terrible memory, but it was not an easy task.A．live on B．block outC．bring back D．call up8．Obviously, strengthening strategic partnership is consistent with the ________ interests of the two countries and their people.A．traditional B．potentialC．fundamental D．secure9．The British science fiction writer, Isaac Azimac, believes that robots are ________ ever to do harm to a human being.A．unfortunately B．unexpectedlyC．unlikely D．unbelievably10．She started as an office junior, and became the director of the whole company ________．A．in turn B．in surpriseC．in return D．in timeⅡ.阅读理解AFinally, a cellphoneThat's … a phoneWith rates as low as $3.75 per week!“Well, I finally did it.I finally decided to enter the digital age and get a cellphone.My kids have been annoying me and the last straw was when my car broke down, and I was stuck by the highway for an hour before someone stopped to help.But when I went to the cellphone store, I almost changed my mind.The phones all have cameras, computers and a “globalpositioning〞 something or other that's supposed to spot me from space.Goodness, all I want to do is to be able to talk to my grandkids! The people at the store weren't much help.They couldn't understand why someone wouldn't want a phone the size of a postage stamp.And the rate plans! They were confusing, and expensive … and the contract (合同)lasted for two years! I'd almost given up until a friend told me about her new Jitterbug phone.Now, I have the convenience and safety of being about to stay in touch with a phone I can actually use.〞Affordable plans that I can understand—and no contract to sign (签订)! Unlike other cellphones，Jitterbug has plans that make sense.Why should I pay for minutes I'm never going to use? And if I do talk more than I plan，I won't find myself with no minutes like my friend who has a prepaid phone.Best of all, there is no contract to sign, so I'm not locked in for years at a time.The USbased customer service is second to none.And the phone gets service anywhere in the country.you don't love it, just return it! Why wait, the Jitterbug comes ready to use right out of the box.If you aren't as happy with it as I am, you can return it and get your money back.Call now, the Jitterbug product experts are ready to answer your questions.Call 18888098794 or visit jitterbugdirect .11．What made “I〞 finally think of getting a cellphone?A．Being stuck by the highway.B．Being urged by his grandkids.C．Being persuaded by cellphone salespersons.D．Being attracted by the friendly return policy.12．On the monthly basis of 100 minutes, the Jitterbug weekly rate is about________．A．$3.75 B．$4.99C．$14.99 D．$19.9913．An advantage of Jitterbug mentioned in the passage is ________．A．its discount price with a free giftB．its reasonable rate plans without a contractC．its “globalpositioning〞 system with 911 AccessD．its good customer service all over the world14．The main purpose of the passage is to________．A．tell a customer's story of JitterbugB．provide two ways to order JitterbugC．give a brief introduction of JitterbugD．attract potential customers to JitterbugBA funny thing happened on the way to the communications revolutions: we stopped talking to one another.I was walking in the park with a friend recently，and his cellphone rang, interrupting our conversation.There we were, walking and talking on a beautiful sunny day and I became invisible, absent from the conversation.The telephone used to connect you to the absent.Now_it_makes_people_sitting_next_to_you_feel_absent．Why is it that the more connected we get, the more disconnected I feel? Every advance in communications technology is a tragedy to the closeness of human interaction.With email and instant messaging over the Internet, we can now communicate without seeing or talking to one another.With voice mail, you can conduct entire conversations without ever reaching anyone.If my mum has a question, I just leave the answer on her machine. As almost every contact we can imagine between human beings gets automated, the alienation index goes up.You can't even call a person to get the phone number of another person any more.Directory assistance is almost always fully automated.I am not against modern technology.I own a cellphone, an ATM card, a voice mail system, and an email account.Giving them up isn't wise; they're a great help to use.It's some of their possible consequences that make me feel uneasy.More and more，I find myself hiding behind email to do a job meant for conversation or being relieved that voice mail picked up because I didn't really have time to talk. The industry devoted to helping me keep in touch is making me lonelier.So I've put myself on technology restriction: no instant messaging with people who live near me，no cellphoning in the presence of friends, no letting the voice mail pick up when I'm at home.15．Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?A．The advance of communications technologyB．The consequences of modern technologyC．The story of communications revolutionD．The automation of modern communications16．The sentence “Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent.〞means that________．A．the people sitting beside you have to go away to receive a phone callB．you can hardly get in touch with the people sitting beside youC．modern technology makes it hard for people to have a facetoface talk D．people can now go to work without going to the office17．The writer feels that the use of modern communications is ________．A．encouragingB．disappointingC．satisfyingD．embarrassing18．The passage implies that ________．A．modern technology is bridging the peopleB．modern technology is separating the peopleC．modern technology is developing too fastD．modern technology is interrupting our communicationsⅢ.完成句子19．During those four years, he worked day and night, thus gradually ____________________ until it was complete.(improve)在那四年里，他夜以继日地工作，就这样逐渐地改良他的理论，直到它臻于完善。
【高考领航】(课标版)2015届高三英语一轮复习辅导与测试 第1部分 Unit 4 Sharing课
SharingⅠ.阅读理解AA good friend of mine was complaining about her son the otherday.“Did you notice，〞she started，“how he didn't wait for meto get my salad before he dove into his？〞True enough，the boy attacked his plate faster than a cat in the wild.Without manners，we're no more than animals.Actually，that's not true.I've been watching and feeding a group of wild cats，and they show unusual politeness toward each other.Even when food is scarce，they take turns，leaving at least a small part for the next in line.My mother educated her three children to have good manners all the time.We were made to feel very uncomfortable as if we were sitting on pins and needles until we got used to saying please，thank you，pardon me，and I'm sorry.And I have to say，while it was a painful learning experience，it was one of the most valuable experiences.I can't tell you how often I sat with my friends，eating at their dinner tables，and their parents thought highly of my good manners.While it was a little embarrassing，I knew even then that my mother's teachings were paying off.Many years later，when I was attending seminars across the country，my manners were quite useful.While I regret that I haven't been a perfect example，I'm still working on it.I suppose，in this regard，my mother lives on through me.I didn't have her beautiful singing voice or her green eyes，but she did make sure I received one of her finest characteristics.1．What did the writer's friend most probably complain about?A．Her son's eating too quickly.B．Her son's not having a healthy diet.C．Her son's not having good table manners.D．Teenagers' not having good manners.2．The underlined word “scarce〞in Paragraph 2 probably means“________〞．A．too much B．not deliciousC．not enough D．quite hot3．We learn that the writer's mother________.A．was strict about her children's mannersB．never punished her childrenC．had beautiful blue eyesD．was not good at singing4．We can infer from the passage that the writer______.A．is surely liked by everyone around herB．is not satisfied with most people's manners around herC．thinks she has been a perfect example to the youngD．thanks her mother for teaching her the good manners a lotBAs she lay there in the hospital bed，I stared at her sunken face.Her mouth hung open and a moan(呻吟声)escaped every so often，an old woman well beyond her 71 years.In four months this is what she has become－daily exercising，strongwilled，world traveling woman has been eaten from the inside out by cancer.Four months！It is a shock that's difficult for me to wrap my brain around.It makes me want to tell everyone I love them.I study her face and will her to open her eyes.What will I say if she does？In the 20 years I have known this woman，and I have struggled to understand her，battled her opinions，endured her criticisms，and loved her son beyond measure.I think of all the times I have wanted to make her disappear.All the times I thought about what I would feel when she was gone.Relief，joy，guilt，or nothing?I think my children saved me from truly hating her.Earlier that day，I watched my 12yearold son Austin，who she loved fiercely，sitting by her bed and studied her face searching for his beloved “Bubbe〞 and wondering if she'd ever return.He once caught her awake and looked her right in the eye，saying，“I love you Bubb e.I hope you get better.〞 His words pierced my heart for I know she is not getting better.Would she hear my silent plea and open her eyes？She is so stubborn，and never cares what others think.My mind wanders through the past twenty years.I realize how fragile she was when we first met only one month after her husband had died suddenly.Remembering a story she told me about her husband bringing her daffodils(水仙花)makes me see her through his eyes.I think of the love and attention she showers on my sons and I see her through their eyes.Her stories of her childhood and her father's unstable income make me see why she pushes my husband to make more money.5．According to the passage，the old woman is the author's________.A．mother B．grandmotherC．motherinlaw D．stepmother6．Which of the following is the author's feeling about the old woman?A．The author thought she was easy to get along well with.B．The author would feel joyful and guilty after her death.C．The author used to hate her because of Austin.D．The author could see that she showed love for her family.7．What do we know about the old woman?A．She had been energetic before she got cancer.B．She lived alone after her husband's death.C．She was closer to Austin than to other people.D．She always lived in a family with unstable income.8．This passage is written to________.A．wake up the old woman from cancerB．show sadness and respect for the old womanC．describe the old woman's cancerD．remember the old woman's kindnessⅡ.七选五补缺题Love and FriendshipThey are both so much related to each other.And both are so dissimilar！What are the differences between friendship and love？Is platonic(柏拉图式的)friendship possible between persons of the opposite sex？__1__What is friendship？Why do we call a person our friend？When do we call someone a very good friend？If we care for a person，if we are always ready to help that person and if we share most of our thoughts with a person，they are our good friends.We can always count upon our good friends in an emergency.We are always sure that our friends will understand why we acted in a certain way.__2__The friendship is so deep and the relationship is so intimate，that most of the things are automatically understood by our friends.__3__In a relationship of deep love，all the sharing that we discussed above is taken for granted.But love transcends(超越)all this.During love，we are attached with a particular person，while in friendship，one may have many friends.A loving relationship makes one so much attached to the other that one gets pained if his/her beloved is hurt！Love also involves a physical element.__4__This is a vitaldifference.Nature gives us love so that the species can go forward.Nature does not give us friendship.Your heart beats will never increase in anticipation of meeting your friend.__5__You will not feel totally lost，if you don't meet your friend for a few days.You will not have dreams in your eyes thinking about your friend.But in love，you will do all this and much more.Indeed，there is no comparison between love and friendship.A．What about love?B．Friendship does not have that.C．My answer is “Yes〞．D．Let us try and understand.E．The physical element may include hand in hand while walking.F．We need not explain anything to our very good friends.G．You will not lie awake at night thinking about your friend.Ⅲ.短文改错One day I left my school and walked to home through the zoo.I was walking along while I saw a lot of people run towards me.“Run！〞 they shouted to myself.I didn't know that was happening and waited for a minute.Suddenly I saw a tiger that has escaped from a cage.I stood still，because I was too frightening to move.I could do everything but cry，“Help！Help！〞“What was the matter with you？〞 my mother asked.I woke up and realized that I had dream.“How funny the dream is！〞 I thought.详解答案课时训练(三十四)Ⅰ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】母亲对“我〞礼貌的教育让“我〞受益一生。
【步步高】2015届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the starsⅠ.语境填词1．The professor’s ________(理论) of ________(原子) sounded reasonable.2．In Western countries，different ________(宗教)have different ________(制度)．3．Many scientists say ________(globe)warming will cause ________(剧烈的) changes on the earth.4．Some ________(物理学家) studied the __________(大气层)of the earth and predicted the changes of the earth’s ________(气候)．5．The ________(万有引力)of the earth is ________________(基本的)．6．The ________________(biology)saw some dead fish ________________(漂浮) on the surface of the thought the water in the lake must have been polluted.Ⅱ.选词填空now that，give birth to，lay eggs，watch out，block out，cheer up1．The young woman ________________ a fine healthy baby.2．________________ I’ve seen how he lives，I know why he needs so much money. 3．________________！There’s a car coming!4．________________！Things are not so bad as they seem.5．The heavy curtain ________________ the sun light.6．It is impossible for a cock to ________________.Ⅲ.完成句子1．你刚才说的话与这个问题无关。
高中英语真题-【学海导航】2015届高考英语一轮总复习Unit4Publictransport同步训
高中英语真题:【学海导航】2015届高考英语一轮总复习Unit4Publictransport同步训练（含14年新题及原创题）牛津译林版选修7Ⅰ.单项填空1. — What is the price of petrol these days?— Oh, it ______ sharply since last month.A．is raised B．has risenC．has arisen D．is increased2. Passengers are permitted ______ only one piece of hand lug gage onto the plane.A．to carry B．carryingC．to be carried D．being carried3. — We should leave early ______ there's heavy traffic.— There's no hurry. We have two hours to go before the concer t.A. so thatB. even ifC. in caseD. as though4. We should offer the post to Harry. He has technical knowledge ______ rich experience.A. instead ofB. by means ofC. due toD. as well as5. The frightened girl put her hand ______ her mouth and tried t o stop herself from screaming.A. offB. intoC. overD. above6. For many years, the scientist ______ an effective way to treat the disease, but up to now he hasn't found one.A. has looked forB. had looked forC. had been looking forD. has been looking for7. Jim is hardworking, careful, and patient. In a word, he has all the qualities ______ to do the job well.A. requiringB. requiredC. being requiredD. to be required8. Physical problems often ______ emotional or mental problem s. Therefore, it's important for us to pay attention to our mental health.A. arise fromB. result inC. rely onD. try out9. My new partner Bill has such ______ behavior that I always fe el uneasy about working with him.A. diverseB. politicalC. acceptableD. aggressive10. When ______ to act out the dialogue in pairs in class, the tw o girls were a bit nervous.A. askedB. to be askedC. askingD. having asked11. — Has the plan been carried out?— Not yet. We need to receive official ______ from the authority first.A. approvalB. enquiryC. reservationD. statistics12. Your handwriting is really too bad to read; I can hardly ____ __ what exactly you’re trying to say.A. give outB. make outC. leave outD. bring out13. Under the rules of the club, to join it, you have to ______ to buy a minimum of six books a year.A. expectB. undertakeC. botherD. aim14. Personally, I think leaving the car unlocked is an open invita tion ______ stealing.A. forB. onC. inD. to15. — It's a pity that I missed the news report.— Don't worry. It ______ again at nine o'clock this evening.A. is broadcastB. is being broadcastC. has been broadcastD. will be broadcastⅡ.完形填空ABeing a school bus driver can be a heroic effort; handling a gian t vehicle while __1__ to keep children quiet and in their seats is quite a feat(技艺). But lately, a few school bus drivers have gone above and b eyond the call of __2__.This morning, school bus driver Penny Cooper got 39 element ary school students __3__ off a bus after it caught fire. When students noticed smoke coming from the back of the vehicle, they __4__. Cooper stopped the bus immediately and calmed down the students. Then, she evacuated everyone through the front d oor in a(n) __5__ way. Finally, she entered the bus again to ma ke sure all the students got off the bus. By the time the __6__ ar rived, the bus was fully engulfed in flames. The flames were so hot that they melted the windows and tires. Thanks to Cooper's calm __7__， no one was injured in the fire.On Monday, North Carolina bus driver Evans Okoduwa succee ded in __8__ a young man who tried to hijack(绑架) the school bus to Washington so that he could shoot govern ment officials. Okoduwa was driving the bus when the man app roached him with a __9__. But after talking to the man, Okoduw a managed to get him to __10__ his foolish idea and put down t he weapon.school bus driver Danny Waldrum saved the life of a choking 1 3yearold boy this month. Waldrum, a retired officer, was driving his bus to school one morning when he noticed that his only __ 11__ was choking(窒息). The boy looked pale and was in great danger. Waldrum call ed the hospital at once. He checked to see if the boy was breat hing and then performed CPR(心肺复苏术). Several minutes later, doctors arrived. The doctors said that it was Waldrum's __12__ treatment that saved the boy's life.1. A. pretending B. failingC. promisingD. attempting2. A. duty B. patienceC. spaceD. attention3. A. luckily B. angrilyC. safelyD. unexpectedly4. A. laughed B. panickedC. layD. left5. A. orderly B. friendlyC. livelyD. costly6. A. drivers B. teachersC. firefightersD. soldiers7. A. habits B. directionsC. appearancesD. styles8. A. shooting B. approachingC. savingD. persuading9. A. gun B. bookC. rulerD. pen10. A. give up B. turn downC. show offD. look through11. A. messenger B. touristC. passengerD. customer12. A. gentle B. kindC. carefulD. timelyBIn , drivers spend sixtyone hours every year stuck in traffic. Prof essor Cyrus Shahabi also knows about traffic jams. He lives mo re than 65 kilometers from 1.__________ office. He is always lat e 2.__________ with the help of a navigation(导航) system.He decided to do something for that. He developed a program c alled ClearPath, 3.__________ uses historical data to predict traf fic conditions even before the driver leaves the house.“4.__________ is unique is that we use a lot of data that's curren tly become available including traffic data and weather data. W e analyze that 5.__________ that we can predict what's going to happen in front of you when you leave home，” said Professor Shahabi.“Now you are driving and there's 6.__________ accident in front of you, but the accident is 20 minutes away. And you know from historical data that that accident will have cleared 7.__________ the time you get there. We can take that into account and sendyou towards the accident.”He hopes that his program can be used 8.__________ soon as p ossible in cities with the worst traffic jams.Ⅲ.阅读理解The world of taxi drivers is dominated by men. But there is one small taxi company in , where all the drivers and passengers ar e female. Women's safety is a hot topic in India at the moment, so it's proving a very popular service. “When I'm on the roa d driving our taxi I feel very proud, because this is the first taxi s ervice for women，” says 31yearold Shanti Sharma, who is one of eight female drivers with a taxi service called Cabs for Wom en by Women.The last couple of months, since the rape(强奸) and murder in the city of a college student travelling on a bu s, have been particularly busy for her and her colleagues.“After this case, our workload has increased so much，” says S harma. “Women who used other cab services are also turning t o us now.”Most women in Delhi say they routinely face harassment(骚扰), and worse, especially on public transport.Sharma, a single parent with three daughters, has been workin g as a taxi driver since 2011, when the service was first set up, and it has changed her life. This is the first time that she has ea rned enough — about $250 a month — to support her family. Of course, she and the other female taxi drivers are completely outnumbered by male cabbies. “When I park somewhere, there are always men there and inevitably five or six of them get toget her and hang out，” she says. “I'm usually the only woman in th e parking lot, so I just stay inside the car.”It's not much better when she is out on the road. Sharma says t he male drivers give her a hard time. “As soon as they see a wo man at the wheel they start honking(按喇叭)for no reason. They'll try to overtake you. I'm always worryin g about how to avoid getting hit by someone.”The company behind Cabs for Women by Women, Sakha Cons ulting Wings, had a number of goals when it set up the service. It wanted to give women from poor backgrounds an opportunity to earn money. By putting women in charge of technologies, it a lso wanted to change people's attitudes, and open up boundari es for women.1. Which of the following words can be used to describe the pre sent taxi service called Cabs for Women by Women?A. Prosperous.B. Depressing.C. Difficult.D. Bad.2. Why are women who used other cab services turning to Cab s for Women by Women?A. Because Cabs for Women by Women is cheap.B. Because Cabs for Women by Women is safe.C. Because Ca bs for Women by Women is famous.D. Because Cabs for Women by Women is comfortable.3. What do you know about Shanti Sharma?A. She is the first female taxi driver in .B. She lives in harmony with her husband.C. She has regretted becoming a taxi driver.D. She had trouble in supporting her family before becoming a t axi driver.4. The underlined word “cabbies” refers to “______”.A. college studentsB. taxi servicesC. taxi driversD. female passengers5. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Opportunities Cabs for Women by Women provides for wom en.B. The main purposes of Cabs for Women by Women.C. The people's attitudes towards Cabs for Women by Women.D. The background information of Cabs for Women by Women.Ⅳ.阅读简答You could fill the sky with all the ideas people have had for flyin g cars — or what Carl Dietrich calls “flyingdriving vehicles”.“Sin ce the turn of the twentieth century, there have been many hun dreds of published ideas for flyingdriving vehicles. And some of them have actually been built and flown. But the Transition is th e closest to actually getting to the market place，” said Carl Die trich.Carl Dietrich heads a company in called Terrafugia. Terrafugia is developing the Transition airplane, which people have consid ered as the first practical flying car. And the Transition is design ed to really be an airplane that can fold up its wings and drive d own the road.The Transition Roadable Aircraft easily changes to a car. It take s about twenty seconds. It's like putting the top down on a conv ertible(折篷汽车), only instead of folding up your roof, we're folding up our win gs and we're transferring power from a propeller(螺旋桨) to the wheels for driving on the ground.Development began in 2006, and the first road and flight tests t ook place in 2009. The Transition had to meet federal safety sta ndards for cars and aircraft. Last year the Federal Aviation Administration agreed to let it weigh more than other light sport aircr aft. But even fully loaded, it still weighs about half as much as a n average car.The aircraft can climb to more than 3,000 meters. It can carry t wo people at speeds over 160 kilometers an hour in the air. An d on the ground it can drive at 130 kilometers an hour.The company expects to complete the building process for its fl ying cars within the next few months. Then it will begin an inten sive yearlong testing program. Terrafugia expects the Transitio n to reach market, at a price of around $250,000. So far, nearly 100 people have already signed up as buyers. Many more are c onsidering the purchase.1. Who is Carl Dietrich? (No more than 8 words)________________________________________________________ ________________2. What is special about the Transition airplane? (No more than 7 words)________________________________________________________ ________________3. What is the main idea of the third paragraph? (No more than 10 words)________________________________________________________________________4. What do you think of the market prospects for the Transition? (No more than 3 words)________________________________________________________ ________________Ⅴ.写作随着京广高铁的开通营运，原京广线许多普通列车停开。
2015届高考英语第一轮复习教案4
必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes真题在线(2013 ·山东高考) 假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你的美国朋友Tom一周前给你发电子邮件，询问你暑假里的打算，但你因准备期末考试未能及时回复。
请根据以下要点给他回封邮件：1．未及时回信的原因；2．你假期的打算(如做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等)。
注意：1.词数：120－150；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _______佳作欣赏Dear Tom，①I'm sorry I couldn't reply to your email which you sent me a week ago immediately.I was so occupied with going over my lessons for my final exam.Now I am writing to tell you my plans for the coming summer holidays.②The first thing I plan to do is to do a part－time job in a fast －food restaurant.Not only will I earn much money but I will also gain some social experience through it.In addition，I will go on a trip to Sichuan，where there are a great number of places of interest.I have been looking forward to going there for nearly a year.Finally and most importantly，I'll go to Ya'an to work as a volunteer.③There is no doubt that children there are badly in need of care and help.I'll help them forget about sorrow by playing with them and telling stories.I hope what I will do will make a great difference to them.Wish you a good holiday!Yours，Li Hua精彩采撷[高级词汇]记住下列词汇的用法1．be occupied with 忙于……2．do a part－time job 做兼职工作3．in addition 另外4．go on a trip 去旅行5．places of interest 名胜古迹6．There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问7．in need of 需要8．make a difference起重大作用；产生重大影响[佳句背诵]背诵下列句子，并体会与[佳作欣赏]中相对应句子的差异① I'm glad to receive your e－mail, and I am so sorry I couldn't reply in time since I have been preparing for the final exam recently.② First, I would spend a couple of days in Japan not only to enjoy the delicious food, but to learn about people from a different cultural background.③As we all know, children there badly need care and help to get rid of horror and sadness.(对应学生用书第21页)●单词速览1.burst vi. 爆裂；爆发n. 突然破裂；爆发2．ruin n. 废墟；毁灭vt. 毁灭；使破产3．destroy vt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭4．shock vt.& vi. (使)震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊5．rescue n．& vt. 援救；营救6．trap vt. 使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境7．bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏8．damage n．& vt. 损失；损害9．event n. 事件；大事；比赛项目10．judge n. 裁判员；法官vt. 断定；判断；判决→judgement n. 意见；判断力；审判11．injure vt. 损害；伤害→injury n. 伤害；损害→injured adj. 受伤的12．electricity n. 电；电流；电学→electric adj. 用电的；带电的→electrical adj. 与电有关的；电学的13．frighten vt. 使惊吓；吓唬→frightened adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的→frightening adj. 令人恐惧的14．congratulations n. 祝贺；(复数)贺词→congratulate vt. 祝贺15．extreme adj. 极度的→extremely adv. 极端地【看单词，学构词】在13.frightening中，后缀－ing除放在动词后构成分词或与be构成进行时态外，还可放在某些表示情感和心理状态的动词后，构成形容词，一般译为“令人……的”。
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• （2014重庆）没有买卖就没有杀害。据统计，目前每年约 有3万头非洲大象因非法象牙交易被盗猎者杀害。为警示 非法象牙交易，多国政府公开销毁缴获的象牙及其制品。 材料表明 • ①减少象牙消费将减少猎杀行为 • ②非法猎杀导致象牙的非法交易 • ③公开销毁象牙可以减少象牙交易 • ④象牙消费增长源于收入水平提高 • A. ①③ B. ①④ C. ②③ D. ②④ • 本题考查消费对生产的影响，考查学生领悟材料信息，准 确作出判断的能力。 • 材料强调“没有买卖就没有杀害”，这体现了消费对生产 具有反作用， ①正确。“为警示非法象牙交易，多国政 府公开销毁缴获的象牙及其制品”，体现了③。 ②颠倒 非法象牙交易与非法猎杀象牙的关系，不选。 ④与题干 无关A
（09浙江卷)手机的使用越来越普及，人们对手机的功能和通信 服务的要求也越来越高，这使得3G（第三代移动通信）应运 而生，随着3G时代的到来，一个由设备生产、终端制造、信 息服务构成的庞大产业链正在壮大。这表明 ①消费对生产的调整和升级起着导向作用
②消费量的增加带来产品质量的提高 ③消费热点的出现能带动相关产业的成长 ④消费是社会再生产过程中起决定作用的环节 • A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③ D. ③④ • 【解析】人们对手机功能和通信服务要求的提高，使得3G应 运而生，体现了消费对生产的导向作用，①应选；②本身观 点是片面的，不选；3G时代的到来，庞大产业链正在壮大， 体现了消费热点的出现带动相关产业的成长，③应选；生产 在社会再生产中起决定作用，④本身观点错误，不选。
核心考点突破
一、生产与消费
高考探密
★ ★ ★ 近几年高考中属中频考点。扩大内需是近几年 社会关注的热点，在“十二五”规划中，扩大内需第一次 在五年规划中独立成篇。由此可见，高考可能会结合消费 对生产的反作用、物价、居民收入、分配制度的调整等考 查本考点。例：2014江苏5、6；2014重庆1；2014年 （课标卷Ⅰ）13； 2014年（新课标Ⅱ）15； 15.
• 【特别提示】 • 改革的内容：生产关系中与生产力不相适应 的部分，上层建筑中与经济基础不相适应的 部分。注意：不是根本制度的改变。 • 改革的性质：社会主义的自我完善和发展。 • 改革的作用：完善社会主义各项制度，使中 国特色社会主义充满生机与活力。
三 我国的基本经济制度
高考探密
★ ★ ★ 近几年多以选择题的形式出现，属低频考点。我 国的基本经济制度在近几年高考中经常涉及，高考一般不对 概念理论进行直接考查，而是结合当前党和国家的政策进行 考核。2014重庆4；（课标卷Ⅰ）14；浙江25；
[特别提示] (1)在任何情况下，都是生产决定消费，无论题目在“消费决 定生产”中添加怎样的修饰语都是错的。 (2)投资、消费和出口被称为拉动经济增长的“三驾马车”， 其中，出口即外需，受多种因素的影响，不确定性很大。内需 包括投资所形成的生产性需求也包括消费需求。如果消费需求 不足就可能导致产能过剩。对我国来说，当前扩大内需尤其是 消费需求至关重要，但不能说拉动我国经济增长的唯一途径是 刺激消费。 (3)消费对生产的作用具有两重性：当消费的增长和变化与生 产的增长和变化相适应时，消费对生产发展具有积极的促进作 用；如果消费与生产发展不相适应，就会对生产发展起阻碍作 用。因此我们既要反对重生产、轻消费，也要反对盲目的超前 消费，更要反对铺张浪费。
考点二、发展生产力意义
1、意义(1)提高人民物质文化生活水平的需要。
(2) 为巩固社会主义制度建立雄厚的物质技术基 础。 (3)摆脱经济文化落后状态，缩小历史遗留下来的与发
达国家的差距，赶上以至超过发达国家，充分显示社会主义制度 的优越性。
(4)不断增强综合国力，提高我国的国际地位。
⑵ 怎样大力发展生产力
3、生产与消费的关系 （总结）
（1）、生产与消费的辩证关系 ①生产决定消费，消费对生产具有反作用。其中生产的决定作用 是第一位的，消费的反作用是第二位的。二者相互影响，互为 动力。 ② 消费对生产的作用具有两重性：当消费的增长和变化与生产的 增长和变化相适应时，消费对生产发展具有积极的促进作用； 如果消费与生产发展不相适应，就会对生产发展起阻碍作用。 ③消费对生产的调节作用
第二步：析选项
做判断
[典例]
(2013· 江苏高考)亨利· 福特曾说过：“如果我最初问
消费者他们想要什么，他们会告诉我‘要一匹更快的马！’”。 有人说，如果真这样，汽车大王就不会出现了。 材料体现的经 济学道理是 A．生产为消费创造动力
正确反映了材料 产品开发必须要考虑市场需求
(
)
B．产品开发不需要考虑市场需求 C．产品开发要利用人们的求异心理 D．消费所形成的新的需要会引导生产
• （2011天津卷）南京与武汉之间的高速动车组投入运营后， 原来十几个小时的车程缩短为3小时；加之高速动车二等票的 价格仅为180元，而乘坐飞机的最低费用一般也要400元以 上，致使以往乘坐飞机的人大多改乘动车。于是，2011年夏 秋季航班计划取消了武汉—南京的所有航班。这种现象说明 ( ) • ①生产决定消费水平 ②生产决定消费方式 • ③消费促进产业结构升级 ④消费对生产具有导向作用 • A．①② B．②④ C．①③ D．③④ • 【解析】本题考查生产与消费的关系。南京与武汉之间的高 速动车组投入运营后，以往乘飞机出行的人大多改乘动车， 说明了生产决定消费方式，夏秋季航班计划的调整体现了消 费对生产具有导向作用，②④符合题意。①③说法均正确， 但与题意不符。故选B。
4．怎么办
(1)大力发展社会生产力：牢牢扭住 经济建设 这个中心，坚 持聚精会神搞建设，一心一意谋发展；必须坚持推进 改革开放 ， 通过改革，调整生产关系中与生产力不相适应的部分，调整上层 建筑中与经济基础不相适应的部分；必须全面提高劳动者的素 质；必须加快科技的发展，大力推动科技进步和创新。
(2)发挥消费拉动经济增长、促进生产发展的作用。实现经 济增长由消费、投资、出口的协调拉动。在当前情况下，要坚持 扩大内需，特别是要扩大消费需求，促进经济持续健康发展。
①必须牢牢扭住经济建设这个中心，坚持聚精会神搞建设， 一心一意谋发展，不断解放和发展生产力。（生产力角度） ②必须全面提高劳动者的素质。（人是生产力中最具决定性 的力量）（人才角度） ③必须加快科学技术的发展，大力推进科技进步和创新。 （科学技术是第一生产力，而且是先进生产力的集中体现和 主要标志。）（科技角度） ④必须通过改革，调整生产关系中与生产力不相适应的部分， 调整上层建筑中与经济基础不相适应的部分。（生产关系角度）
提示：汽车产量的增加和价格的下降，为人们 提供了消费对象，创造了消费动力；汽车进入 家庭，改变了人们的消费方式，提高了人们的 消费质量和水平。
结论
核心考点突破
2、消费的反作用
(2)人们对新能源汽 ①生产出来的产品被消费了，这种产品的生 车的期望为什么会 产过程才算最终完成。（消费是生产的最终 促进我国汽车行业 目的） 的调整和升级？ ②消费所形成新的需要，对生产的调整和升级 起着导向作用。（消费对生产具有导向作用） 提示：人们对新 能源汽车的期望， ③一个新的消费热点的出现，往往能带动一 个产业的出现和成长。 (消费是生产的动力) 形成了新的市场 需求，对汽车行 ④消费为生产创造出新的劳动力，并提高劳 业的调整和升级 动力的质量，提高劳动的积极性。 起着导向作用， 带动着汽车产业 产业的发展。
与材料无关 材料没有体现
答案：A
• （2014江苏）“霾单”是淘宝网公布的 2013 年度消费关 键词之一。 截至 2013 年11月30日,全国“淘友”花了8. 7 亿元在口罩、空气净化器等对抗雾霾用品上。与一年前相 比,购买口罩的人多了181% ,购买空气净化器的人多了 131% 。 对这一经济现象解读正确的是 • A. 满足消费需求——生产防霾产品——促进经济发展 • B. 市场消费低迷——生产防霾产品——扩大国内需求 • C. 空气污染严重——购买防霾产品——浪费社会资源 • D. 追求绿色消费——购买防霾产品——提高生活质量 • 本题以雾霾天气为背景，从消费的角度考查考生运用所学 知识观察和分析生活现象的能力 • 材料中的经济现象是指购买防霾产品，而造成这一现象的 原因是空气污染严重，其后果是浪费社会资源。故C项符 合题意
• （2011课标全国卷）月饼是中国传统的节日食品。随着生活 水平的提高，人们对中秋月饼的消费日益多样，除枣泥、豆 沙等传统月饼外，消费者也开始购买海鲜、木瓜、冰激凌等 新式月饼。多样化的月饼消费( ) • A．取决于月饼消费观念的多样化 • B．导致了月饼消费结构升级 • C．促进了月饼生产的多样化 • D．促进了月饼质量的提高 • 【解析】本题考查消费对生产的反作用。从题中可看出，由 于人们对中秋月饼消费的日益多样化，月饼的生产呈现出多 样化，体现了消费对生产具有反作用，C项观点符合题意。生 产决定消费，故A项观点错误。B项强调了“消费结构升级”， D项强调了“月饼质量的提高”，均不符合题意。 Nhomakorabea复习要求
识记生产决定消费、消费对生产具有反作用的具体内 容，理解大力发展生产力的原因和发展生产力的措施，比 较再生产的四个环节之间的关系，把握扩大消费对社会经 济发展的重要作用。
1、生产决定消费
思考探究：随着我国汽车工业 的发展，汽车逐渐走进了中国 普通老百姓的家庭。人们的出 行方式、活动范围也有了很大 的变化。工作之余，自驾游成 了不少家庭新的旅游方式。然 而，面对不断高涨的油价，人 们又希望汽车少用甚至不用燃 油。面对市场需求，不少汽车 生产厂商开始研发电动汽车， 我国汽车行业正在进行着新的 调整和升级。 (1)我国汽车工业的发展给居民 生活带来了哪些变化，这说明 了什么经济道理？
考点一：生产与消费 2、消费对生产的反作用 总论：消费对生产有重要的反作用，消费拉动经济 增长、促进生产发展
①生产出来的产品被消费了，这种产品的生产过程才算最终完 成。（消费是生产的最终目的） ②消费所形成新的需要，对生产的调整和升级起着导向作用。 （消费调节生产） ③一个新的消费热点的出现，往往能带动一个产业的出现和成 长。 (消费是生产的动力) ④消费为生产创造出新的劳动力，并提高劳动力的质量，提高 劳动者的主动性、积极性、创造性。 结论：重视消费,把扩大内需作为我国经济发展的长期战略方 针和基本立足点