2019届高三英语上学期期末考试试题

大庆实验中学2018—2018学年度上学期高三年级期末考试英语试题说明：本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分，满分120*1.25=150分，时间100分钟第一卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

AThe Dog and the JoeyLeonie Allan lives in an area of Australia where people often find wildlife in their yards. One spring morning, Leonie took her dog Rex for a walk as usual. The walk was casual, but Rex was acting strangely afterward. As Leonie worked in the yard, Rex kept looking down on the road where they had taken their walk. Then he began standing very still, with his nose pointing toward what he wanted Leonie to notice.Rex, a mixed breed (血统), is part “pointer”. Pointers are dogs that naturally stand very still and point with their entire body in the direction of wildlife they see or smell. They are trained not to hunt animals but simply to point to where they are. They are excellent in tracking and finding animals.Leonie became worried when Rex left to investigate (调查). She thought he might have found something dangerous. She called the dog back. But when Rex returned, in his mouth he had a joey, a baby kangaroo about four months old. Picking up an animal was unusual behaviour for Rex, since he hadn’t been trained to do so. Leonie was surprised that Rex had taken the joey gently by the neck and brought it to her. The baby joey didn’t appear to be afraid at all.“He obviously sensed the baby kangaroo was still alive,” Leonie said, “and somehow had gently took it by the neck and brought it to me.”Rex and the joey, which Leonie named Rex Jr., spent the afternoon playing together. “The joey was snuggling(依偎) up to him, jumping to him, and Rex was sniffing and licking him --- it was quite sweet,” Leonie told the newspaper reporter.Rex Jr. was bottle-fed and raised at a wildlife sanctuary (庇护所). A year and a half later, he was released back into the wild in an area where he could be monitored. Now Rex Jr. is part of a group of kangaroos, living a normal kangaroo life --- thanks to Rex, a gentle dog that knows how to point.1.The “pointer” gets its name because of its ability to ______.A. discover wildlifeB. be gentle with wildlifeC. avoid dangerous situationsD. get along with other animals2.When Rex went to investigate, Leonie was worried because ______.A. she thought he might get lostB. she knew he was tired after the walkC. she did not want to stop working in her yardD. she did not want Rex to put himself in danger3.Which word best describes Rex’s behaviour toward the joey?A. Sympathetic.B. Curious.C. Protective.D.Respectful.BAs popular as they are globally, selfie sticks (自拍杆) are being asked to stay away from more places. Now the Palace Museum has become cautious about the device (设备), too.Museums take the leadOut of safety concern, a number of museums took the lead earlier this year to ban selfie sticks in order to protect their artworks and visitors. Several major museums in other countries have said “no” to the device, including the Rome’s Colosseum, the Smithsonian museums in Washington and the National Portrait Gallery in the UK. More Chinese museums are joining the international trend as well, for example, the Nanjing Museum, which took the step last week.Although the Palace Museum has not issued an official ban, the museum’s administration has recently warned visitors to be more careful with the device. If the device is used in crowded place or narrow area, the staff is likely to walk up and stop it. Selfie sticks are also advised to stay outside the exhibition area in the museum, as the stretchable (可伸缩的) device can be disturbing to other visitors and dangerous to the museum objects.It is still a question whether sefie sticks will be challenged in more casual occasions like amusement parks, but the Tokyo Disneyland officially bans the use of selfie stick inside the theme park area.The voicesThe Louvre museum in Paris has not yet banned selfie sticks, but an action is expected to be announced in a few weeks. A leader of the museum told a foreign media his vexation: More visitors are waving the devices high in the air, and some of them are only few centimeters away from the famous original Mona Lisa.“Museum photos are good for spreading the cultural messages, but we should pay attention to our ways,” said Cao Wei, a famous Sina Weibo blogger. “I support the museums’ actions on the selfie stick ban.”4. Why have lots of museums banned visitors from using selfie sticks?A. Because they are illegal devices.B. Because they may cause insecurity problems.C. Because they may do harm to visitors health.D. Because they have been forbidden in other occasions.5. What does the underlined word “vexation” mean in the passage?A. purpose.B. concern.C. determination.D. assumption.6. In the Palace Museum, visitors ______.A. are never seen using selfie sticksB. are forbidden to use selfie sticksC. are warned to be careful with selfie sticksD. are allowed to use selfie sticks only in exhibition area7. In Cao Wei’s view, ______.A. visitors shouldn’t get close to the artworksB. the ban on selfie stick is necessaryC. visitors shouldn’t take photos in the museumD. selfie sticks should be banned on more casual occasionsCA lot of us think that we should visit the dentist every six months. Whether those check-ups are really necessary is, however, a matter of debate. In 2000, three-quarters of dentists surveyed in New York were recommending six-monthly check-ups, despite the absence of evidence. Today, many organizations still recommend six-monthly check-ups. But for several decades some have been arguing that the choice of six months as the ideal space between visits is rather questionable. For example, Aubrey Sheiham, a professor of dental public health, published a paper complaining about the lack of evidence for six-monthly check-ups. Almost 40 years, he’s still making the same point.Last year the Cochrane Collaboration performed a review of the research that had been done and they were disappointed with what they found. The quality and quantity of the research was simply too poor to back up the idea of six-monthly check-ups.There’s something else we have to be ar in mind. Even when a study finds, for example, that children who go to the dentist frequently have fewer fillings (填充物), there may be other factors (因素) at work. Those same children may have other advantages; they may eat more healthily and have better quality dental equipment.How often should you visit the dentist, then? Bodies like Nice, which provides guidance for the National Health Service in England and Wales, say that the frequency of dental visits all depends on the individual. They recommend that children go at least once a year because their teeth can decay (蛀蚀) faster, while adults without problems can wait as long as two years. They even go as far as to say that longer than two years is OK for people who have shown commitment to caring for their teeth.Where does this leave the rest of us the next time we receive a card in the mail reminding us our next dental visit is due? We’d all like an excuse to go less often, and the good news is that if you don’t have any problems you can probably wait a little longer than six months between visits. But exactly how long you can wait before your appointment with the dentist’s chair will depend on the assessment you and your dentist make of your own risk.8. Who supports six-monthly dental check-ups?A. All the dentists.B. Many organizations.C. Aubrey Sheiham.D. The National Health Service.9. We can learn from the last two paragraphs that ______.A. people often find excuses to avoid the next dental visitB. people should decide when to go to the dentist by themselvesC. the frequency of dental visits varies for different peopleD. the healthier a person is, the less frequent the dental visits are10. The research may not prove the idea of six-monthly check-ups because ______.A. the researchers are not qualifiedB. the number of the subjects was bigC. there was a lack of quality dental equipmentD. there might be other factors at work11. What is the best title for this passage?A. How Often Do We Need to Visit Our Dentist?B. Why Do We Need to Visit Our Dentist?C. Who Should Go to the Dentist Frequently?D. How Can We Go to the Dentist Less?DIt’s a saying favored by grandparents, a comeback beloved enough to make an appearance on countless T-shirts, “I’ve forgotten more than you know.”Now, a team of researchers has offered some support for the idea that the slowed-down recall we associate with getting older may sometimes be a side effect of a mind that’s filled with decades of information --- not a symptom of certain cognitive (认知的) decline. The findings are based on a series of computer simulations (模拟) of learning and memory, not tests of actual people.The basic idea is that “the larger the library you have in your head, the longer it usually takes to find a particular word,” Benedict Carey says.The researchers propose that over time, you store more and more data in your mind, making recalling a needed item (条目) --- whether that’s a word, a name, or information to make a decision --- harder and slower as you get older.But Michael Ramscar, a famous scientist, says computer simulations can only be trusted after years of testing on thousands of humans. “We not only found that a researcher’s choice of test can determine whether cognitive functioning appears to decline or improve with age, we also found that the results of the same cognitive test can suggest age-related declines or improvements.”Patrick Rabbitt says even the study’s idea --- “that old brains contain more information than young brains”--- is unfounded. “It is also arguable becaus e it requires an extra assumption that all the information that our brains ever process is permanently recorded and becomes progressively (渐进地) less accessible only because mental congestion (拥堵) increases,” he says, “those who have larger vocabularies and more knowledge of the world must be slower” “In fact,” Rabbitt writes, “the opposite is the case.”12.The first paragraph serves as a(n) ______.A. explanationB. introductionC. commentD. background13.What does Benedict agree with?A. We can store as much information in our mind as a big library does.B. Remembering too much information slows down our decision-making process.C. The information we store in our mind will reduce slowly as we grow old.D. All the information in our mind is a mixture of names and words.14.Ramscar considers the results of many cognitive tests ______.A. completely wrongB. convincingC. controversialD.impressive15.We can know from the last paragraph that Rabbitt think ______.A. old brains have more data than young brainsB. people with large vocabularies are slowerC. the information in our brain is permanently storedD. those who have more knowledge are quicker第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据对话情景和内容，从对话后的选项中选出能入空白处的最佳选项。