从CET4看边疆少数民族地区英语听力教与学

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2021年12月大学英语四级CET4真题(第2套)听力原文精选全文

2021年12月大学英语四级CET4真题(第2套)听力原文精选全文

可编辑修改精选全文完整版News Report One(1) A 22-year-old Chinese woman who suffered from a persistent cough was sh ocked to learn that she had a piece of chicken bone lodged in her lung. The unn amed woman from the province of Shandong started have coughing problems w hen she was 7 or 8 years old. For 14 years, she made numerous hospital visits. However, no doctor could identify any problem. Her uncontrollable coughing w as a mystery. Finally, the woman got a full body scan at a hospital in the city of Qingdao. This special medical procedure revealed she had a chicken bone stuc k in her lung. (2) Doctors performed surgery and removed the bone. The simple procedure went smoothly and the woman has recovered fully with the bone fin ally removed from her lung, the woman is very happy that she no longer suffers from that annoying cough.1. What was the woman’s problem?2. How was the woman’s problem eventually solved?News Report Two(3) A white shape named Prickles that ran away from an Australian farm during the 2013 bush fires recently returned home. According to farmer Alice Gray, P rickles was only a lamb when she ran away. The bush fires that hit the area bac k then destroyed a large part of her family’s massive property. They thought Pri ckles had died in the fire. But instead, the young sheep escaped into a 200-acre forest near the farm. (4) Once the fires were over, the family had to fix the dam age done to the farm as it was such a large property, which included rebuilding about 40 kilometers of fencing. It was this huge fencing that prevented Pickles from finding her way back. Over the years, the family spotted her a few times. They even recorded her with cameras installed to monitor the activity. But whe n they knew Pringles was alive, they couldn’t find her and never expected her t o return by herself. Seven years later, they were proven wrong.3. What does the news say about the white sheep Prickles?4.What the family do of the bush fires?News Report Three(5) Tons of gold have fallen out of the sky in Russia after a cargo plane malfun ctioned in midair this morning. The aircraft was carrying 265 million pounds w orth of gold and diamonds, when the door flew open, sending the precious meta l back to earth. According to the official news agency, Russian authorities have recovered more than 170 gold bars weighing 20 kilograms each. The plane was traveling from Yakutsk airport in a major diamond producing region to the city Krasnoyarsk in Siberia. (6)However, the aircraft made an emergency landing i n Magan after began losing some of its valuable cargo. Reports suggest some b ars of gold were scattered up to fifteen miles away from the airport. Nine tons o f gold on plane AN12 belonged to a gold mine company. Police have sealed off the runway and say it is unclear if it was an accident or an attempted robbery. ( 7) Technical engineers who worked on the plane prior to takeoff are reportedly going to be questioned by the police.5. What is the news report mainly about?6. What did the aircraft do when the incident happened?7. What does the news report say about the technical engineers who worked on the plane before takeoff?Conversation One8. Why does the man have this conversation with the man recorded?His job is related to the customer service.9. What is the woman’s purpose of calling to the furniture company?She wants to know when she can get her money back.10. What does the woman say about her bank card?The new bank card will be sent to her on Tuesday, and the bank may has cancel ed the old one before the man made the payment.11. What does the man advise the woman to do?She needs to update the card details directly on the website.Conversation Two12. Why isn’t the man going to cook?He’s worn out.13. What does the man say he’ll do on his phone?He’ll use the food delivery app on his phone.14. What does the woman think of the Indian food?That’s not the kind of the hot she means. She needs something mild.15. What does the man think of the woman?She’s really difficult to please.Passage One(16) A new study carried out by the university of Lincoln has found a link betw een the personalities of cat owners and the behavior and wellbeing of their cats. The findings suggest that just as apparent personality can affect the personality of a child, the same is true for a cat and its owner. Owners defined as individu als with high levels of anxiety, fear, anger, depression and loneliness were mor e likely to have cats with behavioral issues. Such cats display more aggressive and anxious behavioral styles as well as more stress related sickness. They will also more likely to have an ongoing medical condition and be overweight. The research also found that mentally well-adjusted owners had come from happier and healthier cats. Researchers explained that many owners regard their pets as a family member and form close social bonds with them. (17) The majority of o wners want to provide the best care for their pets and is therefore possible that pets could be affected by the way their owners interact with and manage them. The study highlights an important relationship between our personalities and th e well-being of our pets. (18) Further research is needed to investigate the caus e of nature of this relationship and look at how owners’ personalities are directl y influencing their pet’s behavior and well-being. It is possible that the well-be ing of pets is driven by the underlying nature of the owner not simply by their c onscious decisions and behaviors.16. What do we learn from the new study by the University of Lincoln?17. What does the passage say most pet owners want to do?18. What does the passage say it’s still needed to understand the effects of own ers’ personalities on their pets?Passage Two(19) One 50-minute run can add seven hours to your life. This was a claim made by The Times last week. The claim was based on a new review of studies abo ut the effects of running. The review concluded that an average runners live thr ee years longer than non-runners and that running does more to extend life than any other form of exercise. But there’s more to running than its health benefits . (20) Research published in recent years have shown that running changes your brain and mind in some fascinating ways from increasing your brain function t o regulating your emotions. However, the precise effects vary according to whe ther you engage in short fast running or long distance running. For example, in one study, researchers compared participants’ ability to learn new words after s everal minutes of intense running, and after 40 minutes of gentle running, parti cipants were able to learn 20 percent faster after the intense running and they s howed a superior memory when tested again a week later. In another study, res earchers asked volunteers to jog for 30 minutes and then showed them clips fro m a sad movie. Participants who usually struggled to handle negative emotions were more intensely affected by the sad clips just as you’d expect. But cruciall y, this was less so if they had completed the 30 minutes jog. (21) The researche rs said moderate exercise appears to have helped those participants to be less v ulnerable to the impact of the sad movie.19. What did the new review of studies claim?20. What is one effect that running has on people according to recent research?21. What did another study find about the participant after they had a 30 minute s jog?Passage ThreeWelcome to the tour of the Hill House. This house built in 1904 is one of the m ost well-known works of Charles Hill, the famous architect. It was designed and built for local entrepreneur and his family. Before starting the tour, let me give you a brief introduction about the design of this amazing building. (23) Prior to beginning his design, the architect spends sometime in the client’s old home, observing their life and studying their habits. This meant that he could design t he house according to the needs of the family. (24) The client’s main desire wa s to have a home with unique design, so the architect was given complete freed om. The building style is radically different from what was the fashion of the p eriod. At the time, most large homes were constructed of timber and brick. Thisone, however, is made of concrete, a novel construction material in those days. The interior of the house, including the fittings and furniture, was also designe d by the same person. Most of the furniture you will see is original and in good condition. However, (25) both pieces in the children’s bedrooms are copies buil t to the designs of the architect. Fortunately, all the blueprints for both the buil ding and its contents have been preserved, so we’ve been able to replace badly damaged furniture. Let’s begin our tour, starting from the rooms.22. What do we learn about the speaker?He is the guide of the tour.23. What dis the architect do before beginning his design?24. What did the architect’s client mainly want?25. What do we learn about the pieces of furniture in the children’s bedrooms?。

CET4-听力技巧

CET4-听力技巧

CET4听力技巧一、新闻英语(News Item)解读1)把握主旨,关注首句新闻报道一般将最重要或者最吸引人的信息集中在首句,即新闻导语(the news lead)。

2)听前预测,预读选项- 关注选项关键词- 预测新闻主旨大意- 预测问题提问方式3)积累新闻词汇熟悉常见组织机构英文名称及缩略语,如UNESCO, NASA等。

1. 把握主旨,注重首句英语四级听力练习,主旨类题目考查我们对文章主旨大意的概括理解能力。

由于主题句一般出现在文章的开头,所以其开头部分往往是考查的重点。

新闻报道一般将最重要或者最吸引人的信息集中在首句,而该句就是我们所说的导语(the news lead),换言之,听到新闻的首句,就可以对新闻内容有一个总体的把握。

2. 新闻特点(1) 注重时效性:新闻听力在原文和选项中都体现出刚发生的感觉,偶尔也会涉及将来发生的动作。

(2) 新闻六要素:when ——新闻发生的时间;where ——新闻发生的地点;what ——新闻描述的具体事件;who ——事件中涉及的人物;why ——事件的起因;how ——事件的相关背景、经过以及结果等。

这六点串联在一起便是一篇新闻报道的主线,所以要重点记录这几处的相关信息。

3. 考点解读新闻题材十分广泛,大体可分为政治、经济贸易、科技能源、社会问题(宗教纠纷、军事冲突、武装暴乱)、体育赛事以及灾难灾害等。

近年来,国际恐怖组织活动频发,对世界各地造成巨大的影响,因此这方面的新闻层出不穷。

一般说来,数据和灾难新闻,是听力最易考查的内容(比如询问死了多少人之类的)。

下表对新闻听力常考题材一一做了解读:Economic Cooperation(亚太经合组织),IMF=International Monetary Fund(国际货币组织),ASEAN=Association of Southeast Asian Nations(东南亚国家联盟)等。

(5) 需了解新闻词汇的其他特征。

英语听力dictation

英语听力dictation

DICTATION 1[00:50.44]Dining Customs in the USA[00:54.14]Americans, like many people elsewhere in the world, [00:58.12]like to invite friends to their homes for an evening of food, [01:02.10]drink and conversation.[01:04.90]Formal dinners in fine homes and hotels in the US[01:08.90]are much the same as formal dinners anywhere in the world. [01:13.50]But as most people in the US have no servants,[01:17.42]their dinner parties at home tend to be informal.[01:21.34]Guests may sit down at a table,[01:23.77]or as many new small homes have no[01:26.25]separate dining room or very small dining space.[01:30.48]Guests can also serve themselves and eat in the living room, [01:34.65]holding their plates or trays on their knees.[01:37.76]A more enjoyable form of entertainment is the picnic. [01:41.79]Americans are great picnickers and[01:44.23]almost every family has a picnic basket.[01:47.90]Summer invitations are often for[01:49.96]a picnic at a park or in the open countryside,[01:53.63]and less hamburgers or hot dogs are cooked over a fire. [01:57.86]Picnic food is usually cold.DICTATION 2[00:50.31]Costs in Colleges and Universities[00:54.66]Nearly all American students in colleges and[00:57.71]universities pay for their educations.[01:01.07]There are many costs.[01:03.44]First of all, there is tuition.[01:06.31]At some schools, the tuition is very high,[01:09.67]ten thousand dollars a year or more.[01:12.80]At other schools,[01:14.18]it may only be a few hundred dollars a year.[01:17.74]At some community colleges, tuition is free.[01:22.11]There are other costs as well.[01:24.85]Many students leave their homes to[01:26.86]go to schools in other cities.[01:29.84]They may live in dormitories or apartments,[01:32.83]and they must pay for it.[01:35.13]Finally, students must buy textbooks for their courses. [01:39.80]Going to college or university can be a big expense. [01:44.67]Some families start saving money for[01:47.25]their children's education when the children are small. [01:51.67]Many students work to save money for tuition.[01:55.71]They can also get loans from the government.[01:58.95]They pay the money back to the government[02:01.12]when they finish their education.DICTATION 4[00:49.96]Rainbow[00:51.51]You will not always see a rainbow[00:53.63]when it rains while the sun shines.[00:56.62]The sun must be in the right position over the horizon. [01:00.72]And remember to turn your back to the sun[01:03.85]when you look toward the sky.[01:05.90]A rainbow will never appear[01:07.92]in the path between you and the sun.[01:10.91]If you are on the ground,[01:13.08]you will only see a part of the rainbow.[01:16.27]This is because the earth blocks the rest of the circle. [01:20.07]You can see the whole circle[01:21.94]if you are flying high in a plane when a rainbow happens. [01:26.43]The shadow of the plane would be in the center.[01:30.22]Rainbows hold an important place[01:32.85]in the traditional stories and beliefs[01:35.75]that make up many cultures.[01:37.94]For example, some cultures say the rainbow[01:40.74]represents a bridge between life and death.[01:44.28]Still others see the rainbow as a sign of good things to come.PART I DICTATION text 1[01:02.23]Plastic[01:03.41]We use plastic wrap to protect our foods.[01:06.40]We put our garbage in plastic bags or plastic cans.[01:10.55]We sit on plastic chairs, play with plastic toys,[01:14.30]drink from plastic cups,[01:16.43]and wash our hair with shampoo from plastic bottles.[01:20.62]Plastic does not grow in nature.[01:23.51]It is made by mixing certain things together.[01:27.01]We call it a produced or manufactured material.[01:31.52]Plastic was first made in the 1860s from plants,[01:35.41]such as wood and cotton.[01:37.72]That plastic was soft and burned easily.[01:41.55]The first modern plastics were made in the 1930s.[01:46.00] Most clear plastic starts out as thick, black oil.[01:50.93]That plastic coating inside a pan begins as natural gas.[01:56.53]Over the years,[01:57.79]hundreds of different plastics have been developed.[02:01.15]Some are hard and strong. Some are soft and bendable. [02:05.91]Some are clear. Some are many-colored.[02:09.90]There is a plastic for almost every need.[02:13.79]Scientists continue to experiment with plastics.[02:17.73]They hope to find even more ways to use them.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION1-10 C A D C A C B C B C11-20 A D D D B B B C B D21-30 C B C C C D D C C D[00:16.16]PART I DICTATION text 2[01:01.98]Music[01:02.85]Music is the abstract art of arranging vocal or[01:06.28]instrumental sounds[01:07.62]in a manner that produces a flowing,[01:10.08]unified and thoughtful composition that has melody,[01:14.32]harmony, rhythm.[01:16.25]In contrast to the other arts,[01:18.43]music is not a readily tangible form of expression.[01:22.86]Music may be called both the most mathematical and [01:26.36]the most abstract of the arts.[01:29.30]Unlike words, images, or dance, however,[01:32.82]musical tones in themselves have no concrete associations, [01:37.55]and only gain meaning when they are combined into patterns. [01:42.04]Through the centuries various philosophers have[01:44.79]attempted to integrate theories[01:46.78]on the essence of music with their particular world views. [01:50.92]Many non-Western cultures and some Western writers [01:54.53]as well have perceived it as an inherently mystical force, [01:58.85]able to unlock elemental truths or principles[02:02.27]that cannot be translated into written or graphic form. [02:06.83]Music is an important part of our lives,[02:09.44]and has been an important part of[02:11.50]every civilization known to man.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION1-10 A D C C B C D B A D11-20 C C A B A A C C B A21-30 D C D D C D B D A C。

cet4学习方法介绍

cet4学习方法介绍

cet4学习⽅法介绍 要想⼀次通过英语四级的考试,只要掌握有效的⽅法就不是什么问题了。

下⾯是店铺整理的cet4学习⽅法,希望对您有所帮助。

cet4学习⽅法步骤⼀:词汇 既然不背单词书我们到那⾥去背单词呢,答案是,真题。

现在拿出来⼀套真题,你能告诉我你认识其中多少单词么,⼤部分都是做完之后标完单词的意思就算做完了吧。

同学,这个习惯⾮常不好。

现在,拿出你的真题,从听⼒开始,查出你不认识的单词,总结在本上,阅读,词汇,可以分项总结下来。

那么好,你⼜要问我,这么多单词,我得查到什么时候,这是我们下⾯要讨论的问题,我们这⾥讨论的是词汇的选择及背诵⽅法。

我们⼴⼤中的中国学⽣向来有着优良的传统恶习即边背单词边在本上划拉。

这种陋习我们⼀定要克服现在洗洗头发,喝杯冰⽔冷静⼀下,我们都知道,在考试中只有翻译和写作两项⽤到写的英语,那也就是说,其他的80%的单词只要我们认识就可以了是不是?认识到这个问题的结症所在,我要你知道的是,对于单词,我们只要做到看到它能反映出来意思就⾏。

这是其⼀。

其⼆是背诵⽅法,这⾥我们需要⼀个洁净的笔记本。

每⼀页都对折。

格式按如下这样做: 书的左半边书的右半边 单词释义 ANTIBIOTIC n 抗⽣素 背的时候我们⼀定要挡住右边,来看左边,如果五秒内你还反映不上来这个单词的意思的话,就看意思。

这样⼀遍遍的看,记住,我们要的是背的遍数⽽不是背的时间长短。

我们不需要笔,我们需要的是脑⼦!笔者利⽤这种⽅法每⽇可背下300新单词,复习500旧单词。

所以,相信我的⽅法,它绝对是有科学依据的。

cet4学习⽅法步骤⼆:听⼒ 听⼒怎么办,为了这么⼀个SB四级考试我们是不是要从头开始练习呢?答案是,绝对绝对不需要我们要的是绝对的针对考试的训练。

我们唯⼀需要的就是 ---真题。

现在,去图书馆借本新的,或者再买⼀本。

从头再听⼀遍,要听整套的题哦!不能说我⼀天听⼀⼩部分!听完之后对答案,你会发现你还是错那么多,除了那些记得答案⽽不是听明⽩的。

新英语四级考试CET-4听力讲座PPT课件

新英语四级考试CET-4听力讲座PPT课件
Preview the choices
Before listening to the passage, quickly review the choices to get a sense of what the options are and what the question is asking.
CET-4 Lisew of Listening Examination • Listening skills explanation • Analysis of listening material types • Listening exam strategies and suggestions
Use context clues
Use contextual clues provided by the listening passage to help you fill in the blanks correctly.
03
Analysis of listening material types
04
Listening exam strategies and
suggestions
basic strategies
Understand the question types
Before the exam, make sure you understand the types of questions you will encounter in the listening section. This will help you to approach each question with the right strategy.
News reporting

CET-4网考对大学英语教与学的反拨作用研究

CET-4网考对大学英语教与学的反拨作用研究

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cet4题型

cet4题型

CET-4题型1. 任务概述CET-4(College English Test-4)是中国的大学英语四级考试,是中国大陆高校英语教育中的重要组成部分。

本文将详细介绍CET-4考试的题型及其特点。

2. 题型分类CET-4考试共包含四个题型,分别是听力、阅读、写作和翻译。

2.1 听力题型听力是CET-4考试的第一部分,主要考察考生对英语听力的理解和应用能力。

听力题型包括听力理解和听力填空。

•听力理解:考生需要听取一段对话或独白,并回答相关问题。

这部分题目主要考察考生对于对话或独白的主旨、细节、态度、意图等方面的理解。

•听力填空:考生需要根据听到的文章内容,填写相关的信息,如人名、地点、日期、数字等。

这部分题目主要考察考生对于听力材料细节的捕捉和理解能力。

2.2 阅读题型阅读是CET-4考试的第二部分,主要考察考生对英语阅读材料的理解和分析能力。

阅读题型包括短文填空、阅读理解和完形填空。

•短文填空:考生需要根据短文内容,选择合适的单词或短语填入空白处。

这部分题目主要考察考生对于短文整体意义和语境的理解能力。

•阅读理解:考生需要阅读一篇文章,并回答相关问题。

这部分题目主要考察考生对于文章主旨、细节、态度、推理等方面的理解能力。

•完形填空:考生需要根据短文内容,选择合适的单词或短语填入空白处。

这部分题目主要考察考生对于文章整体结构和上下文的理解能力。

2.3 写作题型写作是CET-4考试的第三部分,主要考察考生的英语写作能力。

写作题型包括作文和翻译。

•作文:考生需要根据所给的题目,写一篇约150词左右的短文。

作文题目通常涉及社会热点、教育、文化等方面的话题,要求考生表达自己的观点和理由。

•翻译:考生需要将一段中文短文翻译成英文。

翻译题目通常涉及日常生活、文化、教育等方面的内容,要求考生准确表达短文的意思和语言风格。

3. 题型特点CET-4考试的题型有以下几个特点:•多样性:CET-4考试的题型种类丰富,涵盖了听力、阅读、写作和翻译等多个方面,能够全面考察考生的英语综合能力。

大学英语四级考试(CET4)历年真题听力

大学英语四级考试(CET4)历年真题听力

大学英语四级考试(CET4)历年真题听力2006-12-23四级短对话原文11.M:Christmas is round the corner and I’m looking for a gift for my girlfriend. Any suggestions?W: Well, you have to tell me something about your girlfriend first. Also, what’s your budget?Q: What does the woman want the man to do?B. Give her more information.12.M:What would you like for dessert? I think I’ll have apple pie and ice cream.W: The chocolate cake looks great. But I have to watch my weight, you go ahead and get yours.Q: What will the woman most probably do?C. She’ll go without dessert.13.W: Having visited so many countries, you must be able to speak several different languages!M: I wish I could. But Japanese and, of course English are the only languages I can speak.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?A. The man can speak a foreign language.14.M: Prof. Smith asked me to go to his office after class. So it is impossible for me to make it to the bar at 10:00.W:Then it seems we’ll hav e to meet an hour later at the library.Q: What will the man do first after class?C. See Prof. Smith15.M:It’s already 11:00 now. Do you mean I ought to wait until Prof. Bloom comes back from class?W:Not really. You can just leave a note. I’ll give it to her later.Q: What does the woman mean?D. She can pass on the message for the man.16.M:How’s John now? Is he feeling any better?W: Not yet. It still seems impossible to make him smile. Talking to him is really difficult. And he gets upset easily over little things.Q: What do we learn about John from the conversation?B. He’s got emotional problems.17.M: Do we have to get the opera tickets in advance?W: Certainly! Tickets at the door are usually sold at a higher price.Q: What does the woman imply?D. It’s better to buy the tickets beforehand.18.M: The taxi driver must have been speeding.W: Well, not really! He crashed into the tree because he was trying not to hit a box that had fallen off the truck ahead of him.Q: What do we learn about the taxi driver?A. He turned suddenly and ran into a tree.23日四级长对话原文Conversation OneW:Hey, Bob, guess what? I’m going to visit Quebec next summer. I’m invited to go to a friend’s wedding, but while I’m there, I’d also like to do some sightseeing.M:That’s nice, Sherry. But do you mean the province of Quebec or Quebec City?W: I me an the province. My friend’s wedding is in Montreal, so I’m going there first. I’ll stay for 5 days.Is Montreal the capital city of the province?M:Well, many people think so because it’s the biggest city, but it’s not the capital. Quebec City is, but Montrealis great. The Santa Lawrence River runs right through the middle of the city. It’s beautiful in summer.W: Wow, and do you think I can get by in English? My French is okay, but not that good. I know most people there speak French, but can I also use English?M: Well, people speak both French and English there, but you’ll hear French most of the time and all the street signs are in French. In fact, Montreal is the third largest French-speaking city in the world. So you’d better practice your French before you go.W:Good advice, what about Quebec City? I’ll visit a friend from college who lives there now. What’s it like?M:It’s a beautiful city, very old. Many old buildings have been nicely restored. Some of them were built in the17th and 18th centuries. You’ll love it there.W:Fantastic, I can’t wait to go.19. What’s the woman’s main purpose of visiting Quebec?D. To attend a wedding in Montreal.20. What does the man advise the woman to do before the trip? C. Brush up on her French.21. What does the man say about Quebec City? B. It has many historical buildings.Conversation TwoM: Hi, Ms. Rowling. How old were you when you started to write, and what was your first book?W: I wrote my first finished story when I was about 6. It was about a small animal, a rabbit I mean, and I’ve been writing ever since.M: Why did you choose to be an author?W: If someone asked me how to achieve happiness, step one would be finding out what you love doing most and step two would be finding someone to pay you to do it. I consider myself very lucky indeed to be able to support myself by writing.M: Do you have any plans to write books for adults?W: My first two novels were for adults. I suppose I might write another one, but I never really imagine a target audience when I’m writing. The ideas come first, so itreally depends on the idea that grabs me next!M: Where did the ideas for the Harry Potter books come from?W:I’ve no i dea where ideas come from and I hope I never find out, it would spoil my excitement if it turned out I just have a funny little wrinkle on the surface of my brain which makes me think about invisible train platforms.M: How do you come up with the names of your characters?W: I invented some of the names in the Harry books, but I also collect strange names. I’ve gotten them from medieval saints, maps, dictionaries, plants, war memorials, and people I’ve met!M: Oh, you are really resourceful.22. What do we learn from the conversation about Ms. Rowling’s first book? A. It was about a little animal.23. Why does Ms. Rowling consider herself very luck? D. She can make a living by doing what she likes.24. What dictates Ms. Rowling’s writing? B. Her ideas.25. According to Ms. Rowling, where did she get the ideas for the Harry Potter books? A. She doesn’t really know where they originated.2006-12-23四级听力文章原文Passage oneReducing the amount of sleep students get at night has a direct impact on their performance at school during the day. According to classroom teachers, elementary and middle school students who stay up late exhibit more learning and attention problems. This has been shown by Brown Medical School and Bradley Hospital research. In the study, teachers were not told the amount of sleep students received when completing weekly performance reports. Yet they rated the students who have received eight hours or less as having the most trouble recalling old material, learning new lessons, and completing high quality work. Teachers also reported that these students had more difficulty paying attention. The experiment is the first to ask teachers to report on the effects of sleep deficiency in children. ‘Just staying up late can cause increased academic difficulty and attention problems for otherwise healthy while functioning kids’, said G. F., the study’s lead author. So the results provide professionals and parents with a clear message: when a child is havinglearning and attention problems, the issue of sleep has to be taken into consideration. ‘If we don’t ask about sleep and try to improve sleep patterns in kids’ struggling academically, then we aren’t doing our job’, F said. For parents, he said, the message is simple. Getting kids to bed on time is as important as getting them to school on time.26. What were teachers told to do in the experiment? C. Record students’ weekly performance.27. According to the experiment, what problem can insufficient sleep cause in students? B. Lack of attention.28. What message did the researcher intend to convey to parents? D. They should see to it that their children have adequate sleep.Passage twoP. P never wanted to be a national public figure. All she wanted to be was a mother and a homemaker. But her life was turned upside down when a motorist distracted by his cell phone, ran a stop sign and crashed into the side of her car. The impact killed her two-year-old daughter. Four months later, P. reluctantly but courageously decided to try to educate the public and to fight for laws to ban drivers from using cell phones while a car is moving. She wanted to save other children from what happened to her daughter. In herfirst speech, P. got off to a shaky start. She was visibly trembling and her voice was soft and uncertain. But as she got into her speech, a dramatic transformation took place. She stopped shaking and spoke with a strong voice. For the rest of her talk, she was a forceful and compelling speaker.She wanted everyone in the audience to know what she knew without having to learn it from a personal tragedy. Many inthe audience were moved to tears, and to action. Insubsequent presentations, P. gained reputation as a highly effective speaker. Her appearance on a talk show wasbroadcast three times transmitting her message to over14,000,000 people. Her campaign increased public awareness of the problem and prompted over 300 cities and several statesto consider restrictions on cell phone use.29. What was the significant change in P. P.’s life?C. She became a public figure.30. What had led to P.’s personal tragedy?D. Amotorist’s failure to concentrate.31. How did P. feel when she began her first speech?A. Nervous and unsure of herself.32. What could be expected as a result of P.’s efforts?B. Restrictions on cell phone use while driving.Passage 3Many people catch a cold in the springtime or fall. It makes us wonder if scientists can send a man to the moon, why can’t they find a cure for the common cold? The answer is easy. There’re actually hundreds of kinds of cold virusesout there. You never know which one you will get, so there isn’t a cure for each one. When a virus attacks your body, your body works hard to get rid of it. Blood rushes to your nose and causes a blockage in it. You feel terrible because you can’t breathe well. But your body is actually eating the virus. Your temperature rises and you get a fever. But theheat of your body is killing the virus. You also have a running nose to stop the virus from getting to your cells. You may feel miserable but actually your wonderful body is doing everything it can to kill the cold. Different people have different remedies for colds. In the United States and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to feel better. Some people take hot baths and drink warm liquids. Other people take medicines to relieve various symptoms of colds. There’s one interesting thing to note. Some scientists say taking medicines when you have a cold is actually bad for you. The virus stays in you longer because your body doesn’t develop a way to fight it and kill it.33. According to the passage, why haven’t the scientists find a cure for the common cold? B. There are too many kinds of cold viruses for them to identify.34. What does the speaker say about the symptoms of the common cold? D. They show our body is fighting the virus.35. What do some scientists say about taking medicinesfor the common cold according to the passage? A. It actually does more harm than good.2006-12-23四级听写原文You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, depending on the situations they are in. This is very natural. All languages have two general levels of usage – a formal level and an informal level. English is no exception. The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a particular level. Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks,reference books and in business letters. You would also use formal English in compositions and essays that you write in school. Informal language is used in conversation with colleagues, family members and friends, and when we write personal notes or letters to close friends.Formal language is different from informal language in several ways. First, formal language tends to be more polite. What we may find interesting is that it usually takes more words to be polite. For example, I might say to a friend or a family member “Close the door, please.” But to a stranger, I probably would say, “Would you mind closing the door?” Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the vocabulary. There are bound to be some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal. Let’s say that I really like soccer. If I am talking to my friend, I might say, “I am just crazy about soccer.” But if I were talking to my boss, I would probably say, “I really enjoy soccer.”36. natural37. usage38. exception39. particular40. reference41. essays42. colleagues43. personal44. What we may find interesting is that it usually takes more words to be polite.45. But to a stranger, I probably would say, “Would you mind closing the door?”46. There are bound to be some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal。

一项基于CET-4考试的英语听读技能相关研究

一项基于CET-4考试的英语听读技能相关研究

一项基于CET-4考试的英语听读技能相关研究
裴如意
【期刊名称】《英语教师》
【年(卷),期】2014(017)009
【摘要】英语听读是大学英语四级考试(CET-4)重点考察的技能,均为语言输入性技能,具有相似性,也存在诸多差别。

两者复杂的关系常常带给学习者或喜或忧的感觉,使得听读技能训练面临多变的情绪影响。

考虑到数据的权威性和真实性,研究者采集了78名大学生的CET-4考试听读成绩,探索三个角度五项统计中的听读相关,结果发现两者多数情况下保持低相关,但对于阅读高低分组存在较显著的变化。

借助对结果的讨论,文章探讨了对大学英语听读教学的启发。

【总页数】4页(P62-65)
【作者】裴如意
【作者单位】盐城工学院外国语学院,江苏盐城224002
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】G633.4
【相关文献】
1.大学英语课程考试与CET-4成绩的相关性研究 [J], 卜剑锋
2.一项基于CET-4考试的英语听读技能相关研究 [J], 裴如意
3.结合阅读的大学英语听力教学模式探索-基于CET-4听读成绩分析 [J], 王立娥;赖非
4.结合阅读的大学英语听力教学模式探索—基于CET-4听读成绩分析 [J], 王立娥;
赖非;
5.三种大规模标准化英语考试听力测试部分之比较:——一项基于语篇、任务、说话人相关因素的研究 [J], 王丽
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CET网考对大学英语“教”与“学”的启示

CET网考对大学英语“教”与“学”的启示
1 引 言 .
准 和 过度 紧张 . 解 有 时也 不 到位 , 师经 过课 上 及 时点 评— — 讲 老 表 扬 为 主 . 时 提 出 修 改 意 见 , 极 大地 调 动 学生 的 积 极性 和 同 能 参与热情 . 真正做 到 注重 学 习 的过 程 . 学 生 们获 得 自主学 习 使 的乐 趣 。
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23 视 语 音 语 调 的 学 习 . 时 纠 正 错 误 发 音 -重 及 、
大 学英 语 四 、 级 网 考 的 总 体 目标 是 建 立 “ 六 以试 卷 库 为 基 础 的 计 算机 网络 系统 , 可 能 在 适 当 时 问 、 当地 点 为 考 生 提 尽 适 供 以 听力 测 试 为 主包 含 说 读写 译 测 试 在 内 、 点 考查 英 语 学 习 重 可 持续 发展 能 力 的 计 算 网 考试 ” E 0 8 1 月 作 为世 界最 大  ̄ 0年 2 2 单 科考 试 的大 学 英 语 四 、 级 考 试 . 来 的有 史 以来 最 大 的一 六 迎 次 改革 —— 网 考 。 以 听力 为基 础 的考 题 占 了CE T网考 的7 % . 0 完 全符 合 教 育 部 “ 养 学 生 的英 语 综 合 应 用 能 力 . 别 是 听 说 培 特 能 力 , 他 们 在 今后 的工 作 中 能用 英 语 有效 地 进 行 口头 和 书 面 使 的信 息 交 流 ” 咱 要求 。 语 言 教学 和 语 言 测试 两者 的关 系 中 . q 在 教 学 是 第一 性 的 , 试 是 为教 学 服 务 的 。但 是 测 试 对 教 学有 极 测 强 的“ 挥 棒 ” 用 , 学 的测 试 能 够推 动 教 学 向 着 正确 的方 向 指 作 科 发 展 。。因此 “ 一 网考 ” 为 大学 师 生 们 学 习 方 向的 “ 挥 棒 ” 必 作 指 , 定会在“ ” “ ” 教 与 学 的过 程 中掀 起 加 大 听 力 培养 力 度 的 热 潮 。 2. CET网 考对 教 师 “ 的 启 示 教” 2 1 整课 堂教 学重 点 . 先培 养 听说 能 力 .调 优 在 C T网 考 试 题 中 . 力 比重 增 加 到 7 % . 正 把 英 语 的 E 听 0 真 听 说 能 力放 在 首 要 位 置 。听 力 采 用访 谈 、 闻 、 道 、 座 等 更 新 报 讲 真 实 、 接 近 生 活 的材 料 , 更 内容 包 括 教 育 、 事 、 技 、 康 、 时 科 健 体 育 、 化 、 会 、 游 等 . 种 导 向必 然 要 求 英 语 教 学 更 加 重 视 文 社 旅 这 学 生 听说 能 力 的 培养 由于大 多 数学 生在 以前 的英语 学 习 中只 是注 重 读 、写 等 能 力 的培养 , 习 听说 的时 间很 少 , 练 因此 其 无论 是 在 口语 表 达 上还 是 在 听力 方 面都 存在 很 多的 问题 。 其学 校 的 固定教 材 所 配 套 的 教 材 内 容和 练 习所 设计 的题 目难 度 较小 , 速 较 慢 , E 网考 语 而C T 选 择地 道 的英 语新 闻 、 访谈 、 道 、 座 等 材料 , 速 是 英语 为 母 报 讲 语 语 国 民的 正常 速度 . 对大 学英 语 听 力教 学提 出 了挑 战 。 因此 . 这 教 师可 以 充分 利用 多媒 体 和 网络等 技 术 手段 ,给学 生 提供 超 出 课 本 以外 的知识 , 结 合多 种教 学 方式 . 针 对他 们 感 兴趣 或 贴 并 如 近 生活 的 主题 , 设计小 组 讨论 、 色 表演 、 角 图片 描 述 、 论 和主 题 辩 情景 创作 和 汇报 表 演 、 事 复述 、 故 英语 演 讲 比赛 、 收看 英 语 节 目 、 欣赏 英 文经典 影 片 和歌 曲 、进行 话 剧表 演 等课 堂 形 式 和课 外 活 动形 式 , 高学 生学 习英 语 的兴趣 及听 说 能力 。 提 22 .创新 教 学模 式 与 手段 . 养 学 生 的 自主 学 习 能 力 。 培 教 师 要 突破 传 统 的 以 大学 英 语 教 材 为 中心 的 教 学 模 式 , 多利 用 多 媒 体 计 算 机 和 网 络 技 术 .帮 助 学 生 完 成 自主 学 习任 务 。比如 教 师 可 以 提 前 强 制 给学 生 布 置 预 习任 务 , 班 级 同学 把 分 成 若 干4 5 的 小组 ,然 后 布 置 他 们 分 别 完 成 与 课 文 主题 — 人 相 关 的学 习 任 务 . 以是 对 课 文 内容 的补 充 和延 伸 , 可 以 是 可 也 与课 文 相 关 的 主 题 介 绍 , 成 P , 学生 派 代 表 到 讲 台前 演 做 让 示 给 大 家 看 , 时 要 用 英 语 进 行 介 绍 , 这 些 作 为 平 时 成 绩 的 同 把 考 核 内 容 , 这 样 的任 务 称 作 go pW r ; 可 以 在 每 次 上 课 将 ru Ok 也 前 要 求 两 名 学 生 就 自己 的兴 趣 与 爱 好 ,以 及 近 期 所 学 的体 会 进 行 idvd a rs nai 1 学 生会 犯 一 些 语 法 错 误 , 发音 不 n iiu l ee tt”。 p ( 如

cet4考试题型

cet4考试题型

cet4考试题型CET-4考试题型CET-4是中国大学英语考试(College English Test)的一级目标考试,对考生的英语听力、阅读、写作和翻译能力进行综合评估。

本文将介绍CET-4考试的题型及其特点。

第一部分:听力理解(Listening Comprehension)CET-4听力理解部分分为长对话、短对话和短文听力三个部分。

在长对话和短对话中,考生需要根据听到的内容回答问题;在短文听力中,考生需要根据听到的材料选择正确答案,填写表格或者完成概要等。

这一部分考察考生对英语口语表达和听力理解的能力。

第二部分:阅读理解(Reading Comprehension)CET-4阅读理解部分分为短篇阅读和长篇阅读两个部分。

在短篇阅读中,考生需要根据所给问题,从文章中找到正确答案;在长篇阅读中,考生需要阅读一篇较长的文章,回答问题或者完成表格/图表。

这一部分考察考生的阅读理解和信息归纳能力。

第三部分:综合填空(Cloze)CET-4综合填空部分提供了一个短文,其中有20个空白处,需要考生选择合适的单词或短语填入。

这一部分考察考生的词汇量、语法知识和上下文推理能力。

第四部分:翻译(Translation)CET-4翻译部分要求考生根据所给的中文句子,将其翻译成英文。

这一部分考察考生的翻译能力和对中英文语法的掌握。

第五部分:写作(Writing)CET-4写作部分要求考生根据所给的指导词写一篇短文,主题多样,如社会热点、个人经历、观点阐述等。

这一部分考察考生的写作能力、表达清晰度和语法正确性。

总结:CET-4考试的题型涵盖了听力、阅读、语法、翻译和写作等多个方面,考察了考生的听、说、读、写能力。

为了在考试中取得好成绩,考生需要提前熟悉每个部分的题型和题目要求,加强相关技巧的练习。

此外,平时多读英语文章,积累词汇、阅读经验和写作素材也是提高考试能力的关键因素。

只有全面提高自己的英语综合能力,考生才能在CET-4考试中取得好的成绩。

最新大学英语四级CET4应试技巧专题讲座-听力基础教学讲义ppt课件

最新大学英语四级CET4应试技巧专题讲座-听力基础教学讲义ppt课件

/TI/, /TE/ They sawthe young and the old.
/jE/
Take your time.
/hI/, /I/
What did he do?
/mI/
Let me have a look.
弱读式 (23:40)
Now, _a_t_t_h_e_ end __o_f t_h_e__ morning _Y_o_u_’l_l __ all _b_e_ able ___ cotollect ____ taimetable ______fr_o_m_thceollege office. __Y_ou_’_ll__ see _t_h_e_ first lecture __i_s_a_t __ nine o'clock _i_n_t_he__ morning _a_n_d_th_e_ last _i_s_a_t _four o'clock __i_n_th_e__ afternoon. Most __o_f_y_o_u__, _i_n_ fact all _o_f_y_o_u__, _w_i_ll __ find __yo_u__ha_v_e_ spare time without lectures or laboratory sessions. _T_h_e__ college library __a_n_d_ private study rooms _a_re__ open all day _fr_o_m__ nine _i_n_t_he__ morning till eight _in__th_e_ evening _f_o_r _ private study. T_h_e_ students' union common room __is__ also open _a_t_t_he__ same times.

CET4

CET4

一、听力考核的内容、题型和答题方式听力理解部分测试学生获取口头信息的能力。

录音材料用标准的英式或美式英语朗读,语速约为每分钟130词。

听力部分分值比例为35%,其中对话占15%,短文占20%.考试时间为35分钟。

各部分测试内容、题型和所占分值比例如下表所示。

(略)二、听力考核的语言技能及要求听力理解部分考核学生获取口头信息的能力,包括理解主旨大意、重要事实和细节、隐含意义,判断话语的交际功能、说话人的观点、态度等。

听力理解部分考核的技能是:A.理解中心思想和重要细节1)理解中心思想2)听懂重要的或特定的细节3)判断说话人的观点、态度等B.理解隐含的意思4)推论隐含的意义来源:5)判断话语的交际功能C.借助语言特征理解听力材料6)辨别语音特征,如从连续的话语中辨别语音、理解重音和语音语调等7)理解句间关系,如比较、原因、结果、程度、目的等大学英语四级考试听力理解部分要求考生达到《教学要求》中的一般要求,即“能听懂英语授课,能听懂日常英语谈话和一般性题材讲座,能基本听懂慢速英语节目,语速为每分钟130词左右,能掌握其中心大意,抓住要点。

能运用基本的听力技巧帮助理解。

”时间安排:8:50-9:10 考试前准备9:10 写作文9:35-9:55 发放快速阅读9:55-10:00 收答题卡一,准备听力10:00 开始听力,结束后完成剩余考项11:20 结束一、短对话对于绝大多数英语学习者来说,从刚接触英语听力考试开始就有短对话这种最常见、最固定的题型。

短对话共有8个题目,占卷面总分的8%。

该部分一般是日常生活中的对话,即衣、食、住、行、工作、学习、生活等话题。

短对话具有如下特点:对话是一男一女的形式,每人说一句,然后提问,卷面只有选项,没有问题;美式英语发音和英式英语发音的混合对话。

短对话按题型分类主要有地点题、人物关系或身份职业题、数字计算题、请求和建议题、判断推理题、因果关系题、词汇和习惯用语理解题、观点态度题等。

大学英语四级考试 CET4听力部分 1【精选】

大学英语四级考试 CET4听力部分 1【精选】
9:00考生进场; 9:10拆卷 9:10-9:15预览sectionB 9:15放听力磁带,这时利用sectionA考试说明120秒左
右的时间迅速预览10个短小对话。 新题型时间分配!
四级听力关键——预览
预览心诀:竖看加联想
section A 不能仅分析每个选项的意思,而要"竖看",把握四个选项
有些工作岗位会require much traveling,(要求经常出差) 还有些工作,做不了多久就会希望find a way out(找到出 路)。
大学英语四级听力60个必考习语 详解
五、as

1、作为,当作。 I am working as his teaching assistant.
中共同的重要信息,然后根据这些共同的重要信息来联 想这个题目可能涉及的话题 演示一:2005年1月考题第一题 A) The man enjoys traveling by car. B) The man lives far from the subway. C) The man is good at driving. D) The man used to own a car.

5、as soon as

I will do that for you as soon as I have fixed the machine.
大学英语四级听力60个必考习语 详解
六、awfully 非常地,相当地。在口语中用于表程度的
比例十分高。 awfully nervous 相当紧张;awfully cold

五、Topics
六、Cause and Effect

七、 Inference 八、Judgment of Action

Unit4JOURNEYACROSSAVASTLANDUsingLanguage1听说课(教学设计)

Unit4JOURNEYACROSSAVASTLANDUsingLanguage1听说课(教学设计)

[How]将英语语用目标和本单元的主题语境结合起来,设置听说活动,
让学生在主题语境的探索中提高英语运用能力,深入对主题的探究。
学情分析
本节课的授课对象为高二年级的学生,大多数学生学习英语听力兴趣很 浓厚,对旅游相关的内容很感兴趣,但由于听力词汇量小,口语发音能力差, 还需在老师的引导下逐渐地能够听懂。本节课通过由浅入深的听说活动,引 导学生探索长途旅行的乐趣和意义,并进行文化对比,提高学生跨文化理解 和沟通的。
通过听力
活动与匹配练
习,培养学生
从文本中提取
并概括整合相
关 信 息 的 能 18min
力。
s
Answers: 1.People like to go skating on the ice. 2.Many areas of south Canada have very hot summers. 3.More than 1,300 kilometres. 4.Skiing, hiking, camping, and city things like movies or restaurants
Sample: D= Daiyu LQ= Liu Qian A=Anna A: I thought China would be very crowded, given its large population. D: Well, contrary to what many people believe, there are a lot of vast and empty spaces in China, actually.
Listen again. Match the following idioms and similes with their

边疆少数民族地区学生英语学习存在的困难和几点建议

边疆少数民族地区学生英语学习存在的困难和几点建议

边疆少数民族地区学生英语学习存在的困难和几点建议
边疆少数民族地区的英语学习存在着一系列困难,主要是由于区域经济条件、社会文化环境和教育资源不足等因素造成的。

针对这一问题,我们可以采取一些措施和建议,帮助学生克服困难,提高英语学习水平。

1. 教育资源匮乏:由于地理位置偏远,边疆地区的学校教育资源不足,英语师资力量薄弱,教学设施和教材匮乏,学生很难接触到优质的英语学习资源。

2. 社会文化差异:边疆地区的少数民族地区,由于历史、宗教等原因,存在很大程度上的文化差异,学生难以融入主流社会的英语学习环境,对英语学习缺乏兴趣。

3. 经济条件限制:由于边疆地区经济相对落后,家庭经济条件不好,学生缺乏接触英语学习的机会,无法购买辅导教材或参加培训班。

1. 政府加大投入:政府应该增加投入,改善边疆地区的教育资源,提高学校的师资力量和教学设施,为学生提供更好的英语学习环境。

2. 加强师资培训:政府应该组织英语教师到内地或国外参加培训,提高他们的教学水平和教学技巧,以更好地教授英语课程。

3. 创新教学方式:学校可以采用多媒体教学、游戏教学等方式,激发学生学习英语的兴趣,让他们在轻松愉快的氛围中学习英语。

4. 提供奖学金和资助:政府可以设立奖学金和资助计划,鼓励和支持边疆少数民族地区的学生参加英语学习,提高他们的英语水平。

5. 加强社会支持:学校可以与社会各界合作,开展英语学习活动,组织志愿者到学校进行英语教学,提供学习资源和辅导。

边疆少数民族地区的学生英语学习存在一定的困难,但是通过政府、学校和社会各界的共同努力,可以为学生提供更好的英语学习条件,让他们在英语学习中取得更好的成绩。

2024版大学四级CET4历年真题听力(附文本)[1]

2024版大学四级CET4历年真题听力(附文本)[1]

大学四级CET4历年真题听力(附文本)•听力考试概述与技巧•历年真题回顾与解析•听力文本详解与拓展•模拟试题训练与实战演练目•听力备考资源推荐与使用•总结回顾与展望录01听力考试概述与技巧听力考试形式及内容考试形式大学四级CET4听力考试采用录音播放的形式,考生通过耳机听取录音材料并回答问题。

考试内容听力考试通常包括短对话、长对话、短文理解和复合式听写四个部分,涵盖日常生活、学习、工作等各个领域的话题。

题目类型题目类型主要有选择题和填空题两种,其中选择题需要考生从四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,填空题则需要考生根据听到的内容填写缺失的单词或短语。

练习听写针对复合式听写部分,可以通过大量的听写练习来提高听音辨词和拼写能力,同时也有助于提高听力速度和准确性。

预读选项在听录音材料前,快速浏览题目选项,预测可能的问题和答案,有助于在听的过程中迅速定位关键信息。

注意关键词在听的过程中,注意捕捉与问题相关的关键词,如人名、地名、数字、时间等,这些关键词往往对理解录音内容和回答问题至关重要。

速记要点对于长对话和短文理解部分,可以适当地做一些速记,如记下关键信息、重要细节和逻辑关系,有助于在听完录音后准确地回答问题。

听力技巧与策略0102制定计划制定合理的备考计划,明确每天或每周的听力练习时间和内容,保持持续的学习和进步。

精听与泛听结合精听是指对听力材料进行深入的分析和理解,泛听则是通过大量的听力输入来提高语感和对语言的熟悉度。

备考时应结合精听和泛听两种方法,既注重细节又培养语感。

模拟考试在备考过程中,定期进行模拟考试是非常重要的。

模拟考试可以帮助考生熟悉考试流程和时间管理,同时也能让考生对自己的备考进度有一个清晰的认识。

积累词汇和短语扩大词汇量,熟悉常用的短语和表达方式,有助于更好地理解听力材料中的信息。

可以通过阅读、听力练习和记忆单词等方式来积累词汇和短语。

注意听力速度在备考过程中,要注意提高自己的听力速度。

可以通过听一些速度较快的英语材料来逐渐适应和提高自己的听力速度。

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从CET4看边疆少数民族地区英语听力教与学字数:2593来源:中国校外教育·高教(下旬) 2014年14期字体:大中小打印当页正文摘要:德宏地处中国西南边疆少数民族地区,听力考试与教学一直是学生及老师的重点及难点。

以德宏师范高等专科学校为例,分析了边疆少数民族地区大学英语四级听力学习及考试难的原因,并从英语听力教学方面探寻相应的策略。

关键词:边疆少数民族地区听力学习听力教学听力部分在四级分值比例中占总分的35%,重要性不言而喻。

德宏师范高等专科学校地处边疆少数民族地区,大学英语四级过级率非常低。

2012年与2013年12月份,参加四级考试的人数分别为781人、1039人,而通过四级人数分别为25人、14人,过级率分别为3.2%、1.35%。

其中,英语听力得分率约其总比例的4%左右。

经分析得出,听力部分是影响其过级率最主要原因之一。

众所周知,在我国的各项英语考试中,听力一直都是考察的重点。

而恰巧英语听力是英语学习中的重点和难点,学习语言的最终目的是用于听说,由于英语是一门外语缺乏必需的实用环境和氛围,导致难度增大。

再加上德宏州地处边疆地区,德宏师专的生源大部分来自云南本省,且少数名族居多。

受环境的影响听力学习尤为困难。

针对这一情况,本文结合该地区实际情况分析学生听力学习及考试困难的原因,并从听力教学方面提出相应的对策。

一、影响英语听力学习及考试的因素1.地域环境因素德宏傣族景颇族自治州位于云南省西部,是一个长期以傣族、景颇族为主的少数名族聚居区。

由于地理位置偏,交通相对闭塞,政治、经济、文化发展也相落后。

英语教育资源缺乏,如师资不足、教学手段相对滞后,教学设备相对落后,这些因素很大程度上制约着少数民族地区英语教学的发展与提高。

尤其是缺乏多媒体辅助设备很大程度上制约着听力教学的提高。

众所周知,多媒体辅助设备是英语听力课堂教学中的重要辅助工具,而少数民族聚居的农村地区学校却难于普及多媒体设备,如多媒体语音室、多媒体网络教室等。

客观上增大了民族地区听力教学的难度。

受传统教学方式影响,听、说并没有放到教学的第一位,长期缺乏英语听说氛围及训练“哑巴英语”“聋子英语”普遍存在。

加之学生英语底子比较薄、基础比较差、起点较低,发音不标准、或是发音错误及说话时带有地方口音等问题普遍存在。

2.心理素质学生心理素质较差。

心理素质较差贯穿于两个阶段,一是应试时心里及精神状态极度紧张,二是在平常的听力学习训练过程中产生自卑感及畏难情绪。

具体来说,大学英语四级考试中英语听力理解放在写作之后,从紧张的写作过程立即进入听力理解,学生作答状态非常紧张。

紧张畏惧的心里,使听力难度加大。

听力理解要求考生集中精力捕捉信息,快速地进行思维判断并做出选择,而紧张情绪往往导致他们捕捉信息失效,甚至导致失败,在接下来的听力中不知所措。

这是边疆少数民族地区听力考试得分率较低的主要因素之一。

另外,在平时的听力学习及训练过程中学生通常被动接受信息,事实上听力理解需要积极主动的思考,包括听力前预测、所听信息是否与预测信息吻合。

被动导致听力理解受阻,继而对听力课程失去兴趣,产生畏难及焦虑情绪。

自信心受挫及焦虑情绪阻碍学生主观能动性发挥。

据口头对学生访问,90%的少数民族地区的学生对英语听力有自卑及畏难心理。

因此,如何帮助学生在听力课堂教学中找回自信、克服自卑感,让学生在一个轻松愉悦的环境下学习英语听力,是一个值得研究的重要课题。

3.语言基础知识不扎实语言知识缺乏,也是导致听力理解困难的一个关键因素。

由于起点低,大部分学生语音、词汇、语法等语言基础知识不扎实。

发音不准确、甚至发音错误,词汇量不足,语法知识欠缺等因素,直接影响着学生对听力内容的理解,造成听力学习障碍。

在影响学生语言学习的因素中,语音和语法的问题尤为突出。

以我校学生为例,我校地处云南西部,是一个以傣族,景颇族为主的少数民族自治州。

中小学英语教师资源匮乏,大部份学生在高中阶段没有掌握正确的发音、及相关的语法知识,特别是对同音异义词难以辨别。

不少学生的英语发音中还带有浓重的地方口音,乡音未能得到矫正。

这些因素进一步加剧了学生听力学习的难度。

4.缺乏相关背景知识每一门语言都是以一定的文化为背景的,背景文化缺乏,势必会增加英语学习的困难。

掌握相关的背景知识是听力理解的另一重要前提。

听力原文往往涉及英语国家的文化背景知识,如历史、政治、宗教、教育、风俗习惯等。

如果缺乏对所学语言国家的文化背景知识的了解或了解不够,听力理解的障碍也随之产生。

在听力过程中,学生会表现出一脸茫然、不知所云。

四级听力材料中会话占了很大的比例,而文化知识常常反映在人们的日常生活中,如生活方式、风俗习惯等。

因此,为了能够很好地理解外语原文,还必须掌握相应的文化背景知识。

5.缺乏必要的听力技能——信息速记技能听力过程中,学习者没能有效利用速记技能是导致听力失败的重要因素之一。

听力时未做任何笔记,考生经常是只记住了第一句或其中部分信息,而对于答题相关的信息模糊不清,甚至遗忘,势必阻碍听力理解。

而对于能够听懂材料的大意,但作答准确率却不高的考生,主要原因是听的过程中未作任何笔记,听时什么都懂,听了后面的忘了前面的;答题时,基本了解大意,可细节却记不清了,只好凭感觉去猜测答案。

出现这种状况,除了与学生的语音基础较弱、词汇量较少、文化背景知识缺乏、汉语思维习惯及过于紧张的心理状态有关外,还与听力考试过程中信息速记技能的协助作用没有得到发挥。

因此,在英语听力训练时一定要把言语信息速记能力的提高纳入学习计划之内。

二、从听力教学方面提出应对策略1.灵活运用多媒体教学多媒体教学集声音图像于一体,可从视觉、听觉上激发学生的学习兴趣。

音频与视频结合将丰富听力课堂教学方式及内容,如课堂中适当增加外语影视、动画片电影等,促使本来枯燥的听力课程变得生动有趣,激发学生学习兴趣。

在多媒体辅助下,教师可以灵活选择适当的教学方法,如播放英语歌曲、英文电影、英语新闻、英文电视剧进行专门的听力训练。

通过大量接触英语原声歌曲、电影、新闻(CNN)、纪录片(如BBC)学生的英语学习兴趣将得到激发,学生的乡音及错误发音将得到纠正,英语听力学习也会得到很大的提升。

2.改善学生心理素质良好的心理素质能促进学生语言习得,反之则阻碍语言习得。

焦虑与畏惧心理是造成边疆少数民族地区“哑巴英语”及“聋子英语”的主要原因之一。

要想从根本上提高学生心理素质,就要重拾其学习自信心。

教师可通过教学手段帮助学生消除焦虑情绪,重拾听力学习信心。

在课堂教学中用鼓励、表扬取代批评、责骂,严格控制听力材料的难度,减轻学生听力的焦虑情绪。

学生在听力理解过程中,出于对理解失败的恐惧,容易产生焦虑情绪(anxiety),焦虑情绪阻碍语言习得。

在准确评估学生理解能力基础上,教师应遵循从易到难的原则选择听力材料,使听力训练的深度只比学生的理解能力高一个阶段。

通过适当模拟考试情境进行听力考试训练,让学生熟悉听力考试环境,也是缓解应试紧张情绪的良方。

3.培养学生自上而下的语言习得方式听力理解要求学生综合运用语音、词汇、语法和句法的相关知识对听力材料进进行判断,语言基础知识在其过程中发挥着重要作用。

通过开设语音、语法、词汇等专业课程学习及训练,纠正其发音、巩固语法、扩充词汇。

培养有助于提高听力学习及理解的自上而下的语言习得方式,即以句法为中心代替以词汇为中心的习得方式,利于学生掌握语篇内容,提高听力理解能力。

引导学生逐步克服以词汇为中心的听力方法,代之以句法结构为单位的、自上而下的听记训练,利于信息在记忆中长时保存,提高短时信息记忆的效度。

4.背景知识扩展语言与文化息息相关,接触和了解英语国家文化有益于对英语的理解和使用。

学生可通过阅读英语国家的杂志、报纸、小说等文学作品扩大知识面,丰富听力理解中的背景知识。

听力教学中辅助文化教学活动有利于扩展背景知识,教师应该积极介绍被赋予历史文化色彩的词汇、节日及历史事件的内涵;通过电影让学生了解英语国家的社会文化及风俗习惯,了解不同情境下对应的言语表达;通过观看英语国家的纪录片让学生了解外国的艺术、宗教、建筑风格和风土人情等文化知识;激活或扩充相关背景知识,帮助学生深层理解听力材料。

5.培养信息速记能力受人脑瞬时记忆及听力即时性的局限,在听力过程中会出现信息丢失及记忆模糊,如果能够快速、即时、高效的记录所听信息,可以有效地弥补上述缺陷。

有效的听力学习方法应该是边听便记录。

教师可通过讲解与训练方式来培养学生有效记录信息能力。

如简单的数学符号“+”可记录plus,to add,to enhance,male,more、much等词或短语录。

“-”可记录minims,decrease,to cut down,female,disagree,little,few,less,lack of,short of等词或短语。

使用首字母大写,如science and technology(科技)Agriculture Bank of China可以分别用ST及ABC记录。

利用英语单词简写、缩略语形式,如eg.(for example)、etc.(and so on)、esp.(especially)等。

鼓励学生创造性地选用符号、略语等实现有效记录,总结适合自身的、简单可行的笔记符号体系,提高英语听力学习的效率与质量。

三、结语本文分析了边疆少数民族地区CET4中听力得分较低的主要原因,包括地域环境、心理、语言基础知识、背景知识及信息速记能力五个因素。

地域环境因素是影响英语听力学习的主要外部因素,它包括了师资、教学设备及语言学习氛围等。

特定的地域环境使听力教与学的难度增加,而改变困境需从教学入手。

英语课堂教学中教师应以多媒体为载体,以鼓励学生为主、并选取难度适中的听力材料消除学生焦虑情绪及畏难心理;巩固语言基础知识并有意识培养学生自上而下的语言习得方式;通过教师引导及学生自学方式扩展文化背景知识;培养及训练学生运用信息速记能力,将有助于边疆少数民族地区英语听力教与学的改善及提高。

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