高中11种谓语形式(2)
高中总复习二轮英语 核心语法必备 专题一 谓语动词(动词的时态、语态、主谓一致、情态动词和虚拟语气)
必
备
专题一 谓语动词(动词的时态、语态、 主谓一致、情态动词和虚拟语气)
英语
内容索引
要点精讲•破疑解难 对点演练•精准提升
要点精讲•破疑解难
重点一 热考的5种时态
考点1 一般现在时(am/is/are或do/does)
用法
例句
表示现在经常性、习惯性、 反复性的动作或状态
Susan talks every night in her dream. It
代词
单个的动词-ing形式、动词不定式或主语从句
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
原则
主语
谓语
由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念
有生命的集体名词, 如people, police, cattle等 一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词, 如goods,
stairs,
arms等
复数
山脉、群岛、瀑布等以-s结尾的专有名词
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
提示 用过去完成时的常用句型: ①This/That/It was the first/second/... time+that 从句, 从句用过去完成时。 ② “Hardly/Scarcely had+主语+动词过去分词... when...” 及 “No sooner had+主语+动词过去分词... than...”, 主句用过去完成时, 从句用一般过去时。
By the time Jack returned home from
表示一个动作或状态从过去 England, his son had graduated from 某一时间之前已经开始, 一直 college. 持续到过去这一时刻的动作 杰克从英国回到家中时, 他的儿子已经大
高中英语语法必备之谓语动词的时态和语态详解
⾼中英语语法必备之谓语动词的时态和语态详解⾼中英语动词的时态语态详解在英语中，句⼦不仅有时间状语说明动作发⽣的时间，其谓语动词本⾝也有形式的变化来指⽰时间，这种表明谓语动词发⽣时间的动词形式称为时态。
语态是表现主语和谓语关系的另⼀种动词形式。
⼀动词的时态⼀般说来，发⽣在现在的事情⽤现在的时态进⾏描述；发⽣在过去的事情⽤过去的时态进⾏描述；将要发⽣的事情⽤将来的时态进⾏描述。
英语中的时态共计16种，但常⽤的有11种。
(以动词do 为例)1．⼀般现在时（do/does)；2．⼀般过去时(did)；3．⼀般将来时( will do/ shall do）；4．⼀般过去将来时( would do/should do)；5．现在进⾏时( am/is/are doing)；6．过去进⾏时(was/were doing)；7．将来进⾏时( will/shall be doing)；8．现在完成时(have/has done)；9．过去完成时( had done)；10．将来完成时( will/shall have done)；11．现在完成进⾏时( have/has been doing)；1.⼀般现在时（1）⼀般现在时是描述现在或经常性的性质、动作或状态的时态常⽤时间状语：sometimes, often, always, usually, seldom，every day / night / week / month / year, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night（2）表⽰经常发⽣的动作,习惯性的动作或存在的状态I usually get up at four every morning when it’s still dark.He always goes to work late,which makes his boss angry and disappointed.（3）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实及⾃然现象The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.The man who has never been to the Great Wall is not a real man.Trees turn green in spring. Liquid turns into gas when it is hot enough.（4）表⽰格⾔或警句中Pride goes before a fall.Knowledge is power．Practice makes perfect.（5）⼀般现在时表将来表⽰已经计划、安排好了或时间表上所安排，并且⼀定要做的事情。
【高中英语语法】总结之二——主谓一致的分类
【高中】语法总结之二主谓一致的分类一、“不确定数量”的单词或短语作主语1.“all of，some of，half of，most of+名词或代词”作主语时，谓语动词由后面的名词或代词决定。
All of the cake has been eaten.蛋糕全吃完了。
（cake用单数）All of us are going to Sam’s party next week.下周我们都去参加山姆的聚会。
（us用复数）Half of the apples are rotten.一半的苹果烂了。
（apples用复数）Half of the apple is rotten.这苹果的一半烂了。
（apple用单数）Some of the work is really difficult.有部分工作的确很难。
（work用单数）Some of the problems we face today are the destruction of our environment. 当今我们面临的问题是环境的破坏。
（problems用复数）Most of my friends live abroad.我的朋友大多数住在国外。
（friends用复数）Most of the cheese is made from cow’s milk.这些奶酪大都是用牛奶做的。
（cheese用单数）2.“the rest of，the majority of+名词或代词”作主语时，谓语动词由后面的名词或代词决定。
The rest of the students are watering trees.其余的学生正在浇树。
（students用复数）The rest of the wine has gone bad.剩下的酒已经变质了。
（wine用单数）The majority of the damage is easy to repair.这次的大部分损害容易补救。
(完整版)高中英语语法主谓宾定状补表
英语中句子成分有主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补助语、主语补足语表语、定语和状语。
主语表示句子所说的是“谁”或“什么事物”，由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。
Two students meet for the first time at the beginning of term. 两个学生在学期开始时初次见面。
谓语说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或者“怎么样”。
Mr Zhu is showing the students of Class 4 the chemistry lab. 朱先生正带领4班学生参观化学实验室。
宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当，和及物动词一起构成谓语，说明主语做什么。
Finally, turn off the lights and lock the door.最后，关上灯，锁好门。
宾语补助语放在宾语后面补充说明宾语，常由不定式或形容词充当。
She told us to follow her instructions. 她吩咐我们听她的指示。
定语用来修饰名词或代词，常放在名词前面，也可以放在后面（叫后置定语）。
由形容词、代词或相当于形容词的词或短语充当。
Your teacher will read out some sentences. 你们的老师将读出一些句子。
状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。
一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等，常由副词、介词短语或相当于副词的词或短语等来表示，放在句末。
They plant trees in order to keep the soil on the hills. 他们种树以便把土壤保持在山上。
表语说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。
Jackie and Yang Pei are both students in Australia. 杰基和杨培都是在澳大利亚的学生。
高中英语：16种时态的谓语动词形式和具体用法
高中英语：16种时态的谓语动词形式和具体用法【1】一般现在时（do/does；is/am/are）①表示现在的情况、状态或特征。
例：He is a student.他是一个学生。
②表示经常性、习惯性动作。
例：He always helps others.他总是帮助别人。
③客观事实和普遍真理。
例：The earth moves the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
④表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。
仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词，可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。
常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。
例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。
⑤在时间、条件和让步状语从句中经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将的来事情。
（即：主将从现原则）例：I will call you as soon as I arrive at the airport.我一到机场就会给你打电话。
When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。
【2】现在进行时（am/is/are/doing）①表示此时此刻正在发生的事情。
例：He is listning to the music now.他现在正在听音乐。
②表示目前一段时间内一直在做的事情，但不一定此时此刻正在做。
例：I am studying computer this term.这个学期我一直在学习计算机。
③现在进行时可以表示将来的含义。
a. 瞬时动词的进行一定表将来。
例： I am leaving.我要离开了。
b. 持续动词的进行只有有将来的时间状语或有将来语境中才表将来。
高级中学英语语法通霸句子结构成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补语
高中英语语法通霸1. 句子结构成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补语定语英语的句子成分主要有六种：即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
（可以熟记为：主谓宾，定状补）除了这六种主要成分之外，还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。
但表语和系动词一起作谓语，因此划分成分时，划分在谓语上。
同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语，属于主语或宾语的一部分。
考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号英语中划分句子成分的符号主语在下面画直线谓语在下面画曲线宾语在下面画双横线定语在下面画虚线（一行点使我们想到一排钉子，“钉”谐音为“定语”的“定”）状语下面为短横线（短横线使我们想到短木桩，木桩撞（状）钟）补语上一短横，下一短横（下一短横好像是为了弥补上面短横间的空隙）同位语上下双曲线（都有曲折，上下位置基本相同）考点1.主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，通常由名词性的词来充当。
可以作主语的词性或语法结构：1. 名词2. 代词3. 数词4. 不定式5. 动名词6. 主语从句等表示。
7. 名词化的形容词（如the rich）在英语中，形容词、副词和介词短语是不能作主语的。
如果它们在句首时，句子可能是倒装句，真正的主语在后面。
On the desk are some books. (主语是books，所以用are)Down jumps the boy. (主语是the boy，所以用jumps )Gone are the days. (主语是the days，所以用are)练习1.在下面句子的主语下面画横线，并说出由什么充当。
1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.2.We often speak English in class.3.One-third of the students in this class are girls.4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5.Smoking does harm to the health.6.The rich should help the poor.7.When we are going to have English test has not been decided.8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.9.That he isn’t at home is not true.10.There comes the bus.11.Beyond the village lies a small village.12.Now comes your turn.考点2.谓语谓语由动词充当，说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
高中英语语法：高中英语主谓一致详解
高中英语语法：高中英语主谓一致详解在高中英语语法中，主谓一致是一个重要且常考的知识点。
理解和掌握主谓一致的规则对于正确表达句子意思、提高英语语言运用能力至关重要。
接下来，让我们详细探讨一下高中英语主谓一致的相关内容。
主谓一致，简单来说，就是句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
这看似简单，但在实际运用中却有许多需要注意的地方。
首先，我们来看语法一致原则。
当主语是单数形式时，谓语动词也要用单数形式；当主语是复数形式时，谓语动词则要用复数形式。
例如，“The book is interesting”（这本书很有趣。
）这里主语“the book”是单数，所以谓语动词“is”也是单数。
再比如，“The books are on the shelf”（这些书在架子上。
）“books”是复数，谓语动词“are”也是复数。
但是，有些情况会稍微复杂一些。
比如，当主语是由“and”连接的两个或多个名词时，通常谓语动词用复数形式。
但如果这几个名词指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如，“The singer and dancer is coming”（这位歌手兼舞者要来了。
）这里“singer and dancer”指的是同一个人，所以谓语动词用单数“is”。
而“The singer and the dancer are good friends”（这位歌手和这位舞者是好朋友。
）这里“singer”和“dancer”指的是两个人，谓语动词就用复数“are”。
其次，意义一致原则也是主谓一致中的重要部分。
有时候，主语的形式是单数，但意义上却是复数；或者主语形式是复数，意义上却是单数。
这时候，谓语动词的形式就要根据主语的实际意义来决定。
例如，“The family is a big one”（这个家庭是个大家庭。
）这里“family”指的是整个家庭这个整体，是单数概念，所以谓语动词用“is”。
而“His family are all waiting for him”（他的家人都在等他。
高考英语语法：谓语动词
高考英语语法：谓语动词总述: 谓语动词的变化形式取决于时态和语态:英语的时态有十六种, 中学英语中有十二种常见的时态; 语态有两种, 即主动语态和被动语态1.在主动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下:一般进行完成完成进行现在do / doesam / is / are doinghave / has donehave / has been doing过去didwas / were doinghad donehad been doing将来shall / will doshall / will be doingshall / will have doneX如果谓语是be动词, 则可用be动词的适当形式( be / am /is / are / was / were / been)代替以上表格中的黑体字部分. 此外, 过去将来时的形式是: should / would do或should / would be 2.在被动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下:一般进行完成完成进行现在am / is / are doneam / is / are being donehave / has been doneX过去was / were donewas / were being donehad been doneX将来shall / will be doneXshall / will have been doneX另外, 过去将来时的被动语态形式是should / would be done主动语态在主动语态中, 高中英语中常见的有十二个时态一.一般现在时:1.构成: 通常以动词原形表示. 主语为第三人称单数时, 则用动词的第三人称单数形式来表示2.用法:①.表示现状, 性质, 状态, 经常的或习惯性的动作a. It is fine today.b. I am a student.c. I get up at six every day.d. My father never takes a bus; he walks to his office.②.表示客观事实或普遍真理a. Japan is to the east of China.b. The sun rises in the east.c. A horse is a useful animal.③.表示将来确定会发生的动作(如己安排好或计划好的动作或按时刻表将来一定会发生的动作), 可以这样使用的动词有: go, come, leave, start, arrive等a. My train leaves at 6:30.b. The football match is played the day after tomorrow.④.在时间和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时动词代替一般将来时动词a. I will let you know as soon as I hear from him.b. We will go if it is fine tomorrow.c. I will be away when he arrives.d. We shall not begin the discussion until he arrives.e. Mother, I won’t go out unless you agree.f. Don’t try to run before you begin to walk.⑤.在某些以here / there开头的句子中用一般现在时动词表示现在正在发生的动作a. Here comes the bus.=The bus is coming.b. There goes the bell.⑥.在体育比赛过程中, 解说员叙述迅速, 短暂动作时, 可用一般现在时, 表示正在进行的或刚刚发生的动作a. Ma Lianbao passes the ball to Mu Tiezhu, Mu shoots –a fine shot !⑦.在剧本或图片的说明文字中, 用一般现在时表示动作a. When the curtain rises, Juliet is sitting at her desk. The phone rings. She picks it up and listens quietly.二.现在进行时:1.构成: am / is / are doing2.用法:①.表示说话时正在进行着的动作, 或现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定正在进行的动作a. I am writing a letter.b. My mother is making a dress these few days.②.表示即将发生的动作(如在最近按计划或安排好要进行的动作), 常见的有这种用法的动词有: come /go / leave / start / arrive等, 常与表示将来时间的状语连用a. They are going to Shanghai on Frid ay.b. John is coming here next week.③.现在进行时动词与always, continually, constantly等连用, 表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作a. The little boy is always asking questions.b. You are always saying that sort of thing.④.在一定的上下文中, 前一句用一般现在时动词表述现在发生的事实, 后一句用现在进行时动词来阐述这一事实的原因, 结果, 目的等a. He frowns. He is worrying about his boy.他皱着眉头, 因为他在为他的孩子担心. (is worrying表示原因)b. She criticizes him. She is trying to correct his wrong habits. 她批评他, 想纠正他的坏习惯. (is trying表示目的)c. She lets her child have his own way. She is spoiling him. 她不管她的孩子, 把他惯坏了. ( is spoiling表示结果)⑤.不表示持续的行为, 而表示知觉, 感觉, 看法, 认识, 感情, 愿望或某种状态的动词通常不用现在进行时, 如: see, hear, smell, taste, recognize, notice, forget, remember, understand, know, believe, suppose, mean, think, love, hate, care, like, dislike, worry, forgive, want, wish, hope, refuse, feel like, belong to , possess, ow n, have, be, seem等三.现在完成时:1.构成: have / has done2.用法:①.表示动作在说话之前己经完成, 而后果或影响至今仍存在a. He has gone to Shanghai. ( =He went to Shanghai and he is not here now. )b. I have opened the window. ( =I opened the window and the window is now open.)c. The concert has started. ( =The concert sta rted and is now going on. )d. I have had breakfast. (=I had breakfast and I am not hungry now. )②.表示开始于过去, 持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态, 用于延续性动词, 且句中常带有表示段时间的时间状语a. I have studied English since 1987.b. He has lived here for two years.c. He has been ill for ten days.3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:①.现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去, 但前者将过去的动作与现在的结果或对现在的影响联系起来, 而后者只限于表示过去的动作本身, 与现在无关②.现在完成时不能与表明确时间的状语如: yesterday, last year, two days ago, when I came in 等连用, 但可与表示不明确时间的状语如: already, yet, sometimes, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever等连用, 也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语如: this morning, today, this week, this year等连用a. She has already come.b. I have met him before.c. Ma Hong has always been a good student.d. Have you ever been to the Great Wall ?e. I have seen him this morning.四.现在完成进行时:1.构成: have / has been doing2.特征: 现在完成进行时兼有现在完成时和现在进行时两者的特点①.它具有现在完成时的特点, 即表示动作发生在过去, 延续到现在或对现在产生影响②.它具有现在进行时的特点, 即可以表示此动作仍在进行或还会继续a. Mr. Smith has taught English for twenty years. ( 至今为止教过二十年英语, 至于teach是否结束或是否延续, 不得而知)b. Mr. Smith has been teaching English for twenty years.( 现在仍在教英语,而且将持续下去)3.用法:①.表示现在之前的一段时间里一直进行的动作, 此动可能仍在进行, 也可能刚刚停止a. I h ave been reading the book all the morning.b. He has been staying here for two hours.c. I have been living in Beijing since 1972.②.表示现在之前的一段时间里一再重复的动作a. I have been calling you several times in the past two days.4.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别: 前者着重表示过去动作对现在的影响或结果; 后者着重表示过去动作的持续进行a. I have written six letters since I got back.我己经写了六封信(强调结果)b. I have been writing letter since I got back. 我回家后一直在写信(强调一直在写)c. I have read this book.我读过这本书了(强调读过这一结果)d. I have been reading this book.我一直在读这本书(强调一直在读)。
(完整版)高中英语语法主谓宾定状补表
英语中句子成分有主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补助语、主语补足语表语、定语和状语.主语表示句子所说的是“谁”或“什么事物”，由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。
Two students meet for the first time at the beginning of term. 两个学生在学期开始时初次见面。
谓语说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或者“怎么样”。
Mr Zhu is showing the students of Class 4 the chemistry lab. 朱先生正带领4班学生参观化学实验室。
宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当,和及物动词一起构成谓语，说明主语做什么。
Finally, turn off the lights and lock the door。
最后,关上灯，锁好门。
宾语补助语放在宾语后面补充说明宾语，常由不定式或形容词充当。
She told us to follow her instructions。
她吩咐我们听她的指示。
定语用来修饰名词或代词,常放在名词前面，也可以放在后面（叫后置定语）。
由形容词、代词或相当于形容词的词或短语充当。
Your teacher will read out some sentences. 你们的老师将读出一些句子。
状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。
一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等，常由副词、介词短语或相当于副词的词或短语等来表示,放在句末。
They plant trees in order to keep the soil on the hills。
他们种树以便把土壤保持在山上。
和连系动词一起构成谓语. Jackie and Yang Pei are both students in Australia. 杰基和杨培都是在澳大利亚的学生。
一个句子必须有主语和谓语.很多时候，主语和谓语不是一个词，而是由几个部分构成，我们称之为主语部分和谓语部分。
谓语动词的时态和语态
谓语动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态英语的时态是一种动词形式.不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式.英语动词有16种时态，常用的有8种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时。
但高中学生需要了解13种,除了以上8种,还须掌握以下5种:将来进行时(一般将来进行时、过去将来进行时)、一般将来完成时、完成进行时(现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时)。
下面分别介绍。
16种时态形式(以do为例)：现在过去将来过去将来一般现在一般时do过去一般时did将来一般时will do过去将来一般时would do完成目前完成时have done过去完成时had done将来完成时will have done 举行目前举行时is doing曩昔举行时was doing将来举行时will be doing完成举行现在完成进行时have been doing曩昔完成举行时had been doing将来完成进行时will have been doing过去将来完成进行时wouldhave been doing过去将来完成时过去将来进行时would have donewould be doing【注】构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has), shall, will等需根据主语的变化来选.一.一般现在时1).表示经常性或习惯性的动作或状态.常与表示频度的时间状语连用.如:often,usually,always, sometimes, now, seldom, now and then, every day, occasionally等.I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.We have meals three times a day.He is always ready to help others.2).表示客观事实、普遍真理、谚语、格言、警句。
高中英语主谓一致的用法讲解
主谓一致的用法讲解一、形式一致原则即主语为单数，谓语用单数，主语为复数，谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with，along with，together with，like，but，except，besides，as well as，no less than，rather than，including，in addition to 引导的短语，谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner.除了两个仆人外，没有一个人迟来用餐。
2. 用and连接的并列主语，如果主语是同一个人，同一事，同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时and 后面的名词前没有冠词；否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具.用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体，如:bread and butter，knife and fork等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
由and连接的两个what从句作主语时，要根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的数。
What he says and does do not agree。
What he says and does does not concern me。
3. 不定式，动名词，或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数. 如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
4. 用连接的并列主语被each，every 或no修饰时，谓语动词用单数. Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.Each man and （each）woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。
高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词和谓语动词的形式区分
高中英语知识点归纳非谓语动词和谓语动词的形式区分高中英语知识点归纳：非谓语动词和谓语动词的形式区分英语中的动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词两种形式。
谓语动词用于句子的谓语部分，表达主语的动作或状态；非谓语动词则不作为谓语，可以充当名词、形容词或副词。
本文将归纳总结高中英语中非谓语动词和谓语动词的形式区分。
一、非谓语动词的形式1. 不定式（Infinitive）不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，包括一般式和完成式两种形式。
不定式的一般式为“to + 动词原形”，如to go, to eat；完成式形式为“to have + 过去分词”，如to have gone, to have eaten。
不定式可以用作以下几种用途：1) 作主语：To learn a foreign language is important.2) 作宾语：She wants to buy a new dress.3) 作表语：Her dream is to become a doctor.4) 作定语：The best way to solve the problem is to communicate with others.5) 作状语：He came here to see his friend.2. 动名词（Gerund）动名词是非谓语动词的一种形式，以动词-ing形式构成。
动名词可以充当名词，可以作为主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语等。
例如：1) 主语：Swimming is my favorite sport.2) 宾语：I enjoy reading books.3) 定语：The running water is so clear.4) 表语：Her hobby is singing.5) 宾语补足语：I saw her painting a picture.3. 现在分词（Present Participle）现在分词以动词-ing形式构成，并具有形容词的性质，常用于进行时态和作状语。
高考英语语法考点归纳总结谓语动词素材
高考英语语法考点归纳总结：高考英语语法：谓语动词总述: 谓语动词的变化形式取决于时态和语态:英语的时态有十六种, 中学英语中有十二种常见的时态; 语态有两种, 即主动语态和被动语态1.在主动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下:一般进行完成完成进行现在do / doesam / is / are doinghave / has donehave / has been doing过去didwas / were doinghad donehad been doing将来shall / will doshall / will be doingshall / will have doneX如果谓语是be动词, 则可用be动词的适当形式( be / am / is / are / was / were / been)代替以上表格中的黑体字部分. 此外, 过去将来时的形式是: should / would do或should / would be2.在被动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下:一般进行完成完成进行现在am / is / are doneam / is / are being donehave / has been doneX过去was / were donewas / were being donehad been doneX将来shall / will be doneXshall / will have been doneX另外, 过去将来时的被动语态形式是should / would be done主动语态在主动语态中, 高中英语中常见的有十二个时态一.一般现在时:1.构成: 通常以动词原形表示. 主语为第三人称单数时, 则用动词的第三人称单数形式来表示2.用法:①.表示现状, 性质, 状态, 经常的或习惯性的动作a. It is fine today.b. I am a student.c. I get up at six every day.d. My father never takes a bus; he walks to his office.②.表示客观事实或普遍真理a. Japan is to the east of China.b. The sun rises in the east.c. A horse is a useful animal.③.表示将来确定会发生的动作(如己安排好或计划好的动作或按时刻表将来一定会发生的动作), 可以这样使用的动词有: go, come, leave, start, arrive等a. My train leaves at 6:30.b. The football match is played the day after tomorrow.④.在时间和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时动词代替一般将来时动词a. I will let you know as soon as I hear from him.b. We will go if it is fine tomorrow.c. I will be away when he arrives.d. We shall not begin the discussion until he arrives.e. Mother, I won’t go out unless you agree.f. Don’t try to run before you begin to walk.⑤.在某些以here / there开头的句子中用一般现在时动词表示现在正在发生的动作a. Here comes the bus.=The bus is coming.b. There goes the bell.⑥.在体育比赛过程中, 解说员叙述迅速, 短暂动作时, 可用一般现在时, 表示正在进行的或刚刚发生的动作a. Ma Lianbao passes the ball to Mu Tiezhu, Mu shoots – a fine shot !⑦.在剧本或图片的说明文字中, 用一般现在时表示动作a. When the curtain rises, Juliet is sitting at her desk. The phone rings. She picks it up and listens quietly.二.现在进行时:1.构成: am / is / are doing2.用法:①.表示说话时正在进行着的动作, 或现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定正在进行的动作a. I am writing a letter.b. My mother is making a dress these few days.②.表示即将发生的动作(如在最近按计划或安排好要进行的动作), 常见的有这种用法的动词有: come /go / leave / start / arrive等, 常与表示将来时间的状语连用a. They are going to Shanghai on Frid ay.b. John is coming here next week.③.现在进行时动词与always, continually, constantly等连用, 表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作a. The little boy is always asking questions.b. You are always saying that sort of thing.④.在一定的上下文中, 前一句用一般现在时动词表述现在发生的事实, 后一句用现在进行时动词来阐述这一事实的原因, 结果, 目的等a. He frowns. He is worrying about his boy.他皱着眉头, 因为他在为他的孩子担心. (is worrying表示原因)b. She criticizes him. She is trying to correct his wrong habits. 她批评他, 想纠正他的坏习惯. (is trying表示目的)c. She lets her child have his own way. She is spoiling him. 她不管她的孩子, 把他惯坏了. ( is spoiling表示结果)⑤.不表示持续的行为, 而表示知觉, 感觉, 看法, 认识, 感情, 愿望或某种状态的动词通常不用现在进行时, 如: see, hear, smell, taste, recognize, notice, forget, remember, understand, know, believe, suppose, mean, think, love, hate, care, like, dislike, worry, forgive, want, wish, hope, refuse, feel like, belong to , possess, ow n, have, be, seem等三.现在完成时:1.构成: have / has done2.用法:①.表示动作在说话之前己经完成, 而后果或影响至今仍存在a. He has gone to Shanghai. ( =He went to Shanghai and he is not here now. )b. I have opened the window. ( =I opened the window and the window is now open.)c. The concert has started. ( =The concert sta rted and is now going on. )d. I have had breakfast. (=I had breakfast and I am not hungry now. )②.表示开始于过去, 持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态, 用于延续性动词, 且句中常带有表示段时间的时间状语a. I have studied English since 1987.b. He has lived here for two years.c. He has been ill for ten days.3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:①.现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去, 但前者将过去的动作与现在的结果或对现在的影响联系起来, 而后者只限于表示过去的动作本身, 与现在无关②.现在完成时不能与表明确时间的状语如: yesterday, last year, two days ago, when I came in等连用, 但可与表示不明确时间的状语如: already, yet, sometimes, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever等连用, 也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语如: this morning, today, this week, this year等连用a. She has already come.b. I have met him before.c. Ma Hong has always been a good student.d. Have you ever been to the Great Wall ?e. I have seen him this morning.四.现在完成进行时:1.构成: have / has been doing2.特征: 现在完成进行时兼有现在完成时和现在进行时两者的特点①.它具有现在完成时的特点, 即表示动作发生在过去, 延续到现在或对现在产生影响②.它具有现在进行时的特点, 即可以表示此动作仍在进行或还会继续a. Mr. Smith has taught English for twenty years. ( 至今为止教过二十年英语, 至于teach是否结束或是否延续, 不得而知)b. Mr. Smith has been teaching English for twenty years.( 现在仍在教英语,而且将持续下去)3.用法:①.表示现在之前的一段时间里一直进行的动作, 此动可能仍在进行, 也可能刚刚停止a. I h ave been reading the book all the morning.b. He has been staying here for two hours.c. I have been living in Beijing since 1972.②.表示现在之前的一段时间里一再重复的动作a. I have been calling you several times in the past two days.4.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别: 前者着重表示过去动作对现在的影响或结果; 后者着重表示过去动作的持续进行a. I have written six letters since I got back.我己经写了六封信 (强调结果)b. I have been writing letter since I got back. 我回家后一直在写信 (强调一直在写)c. I have read this book.我读过这本书了(强调读过这一结果)d. I have been reading this book.我一直在读这本书 (强调一直在读)。
高中英语 谓语与非谓语用法区别与练习
谓语与非谓语使用谓语的情况：句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间有并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词。
时态考虑要瞻前顾后。
在确定需要使用谓语动词时候，还需要注意谓语动词的时态，语态，主谓一致以及语气。
使用非谓语的情况：句子已有谓语，又不做并列谓语，该动词仍然需要表示动作，此时应该使用动词的非谓语形式。
确定需要使用非谓语时首先要确定该非谓语在句子做何种成分，非谓语做主语时候只能不定式或者ving形式，非谓语做定语时：常用在名词或者代词后，其中不定式做定语有将来的意味，过去分词作定语表示该非谓语动词与前面被修饰的名词或者代词为动宾关系，并且此非谓语动词已经完成了。
现在分词作定语表示该分词与前面被修饰的名词或者代词为主动关系，现在分词作定语表示主动和进行。
非谓语做宾语时，需要实记哪些动词后只能接不定式做宾语，哪些动词后只能接ving做宾语，哪些动词后2者都可接，但是意义不一样。
非谓语做状语时，不定式表示目的，可放在句子前面，也可放在句子后面，不需要与句子隔开。
过去分词作状语表示该分词与句子主语为动宾关系，现在分词作状语时。
表示该分词与句子主语为主动关系1.The first card ____________(design) by J.C.Horsley as a commercial endeavor. designed2.Smaller cars are just one of the directions that the car industry is taking. Also the industry_____is producing_________(produce) cars that pollute less and have a less harmful effect on the environment these days3.Nobody knows what ________would have happened_____________(happen) if she had refused to pay.4.His fear of failure kept him from classroom games that other children ___were playing_______(play) withjoyous abandon.5.……The happiest of people don’t necessarily have the best of everything; they just make the most ofeverything that __comes_____(come) along their way.6.…….The country life he was used to ________has changed____ （change ）greatly since the openingpolicy.7.While most young people are happy overall with the way their lives_____are going__(go),there are stillracial differences.8.When I think back to many positive influence on my childhood, I recognize that some of the greatest gifts I__have received__ (receive) are the lessons I collected from the older people in my life.9.An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it __helps_ (help) if drivers learn tocorrectly join in traffic jam.10.But she knew most of them ____had drawn____ (draw) pictures of turkeys or tables with food11.For some, practical skills are the essence of education, and therefore, courses on computer science,marketing and finance__is preferred____(prefer 12.It is impossible that he will never again in his life__be given__(give) so much without doing something inreturn13.The international agreement, intended to encourage children not to smoke and______help_____ (help)people kick the habit, ____were signed______ (sign) on February 27 last summer.14.14.He walked in as if he ___had bought_ (buy) the school. And he word quickly got around that he wasfrom New York16.___Taken_____(take) in time and in proper amount, the pill is quite effective.15.We can cut down energy ____consumed_____ (consume) in the automobile industry by means ofimproving the technology.16.I’ll have my laptop____repaired_______ (repair) tomorrow at the authorized service centre.17.This topic is so complicated that I can’t make you _________understand__________(understand) me.18.I have to simplify this complicated problem to make myself ______understood___________(understand)19.She devoted herself to her work. What’s more, she_____improved________(improve)herselfby_____attending______(attend) courses in an open university. Finally, her efforts_____paidoff_______(pay off) and she got a better paying job.20.The issue _____being discussed_______(discuss) now at the meeting is of great importance.21.The issue ______discussed______(discuss) at the meeting last week is of great importance.22.The office lady had her purse_____stolen_____(steal) when __taking_____(take) the subway back to herapartment.23.______Faced___(face) with the traffic jams and serious pollution, we recently have a heated discussion inour class.24.Missing the bus means_____waiting_______(wait) for another hour.25.It is the greatest happiness in this world __to love_______(love )and to be____loved_____(love)26.___Judging__________(judge) from his_____excited________(excite) face, he enjoyed himself at theparty.27.All of us were _____puzzled_____(puzzle) by the ____puzzling_______ (puzzle)question______raised_____(raise) by a six-year-old boy.28.Wise men say ___cultivating_______(cultivate) friendship is just like ____planting______(plant) trees.29.After a rest, we went on ___doing____(do) the same problems.30.I smell something_______burning___(burn) in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?二、语篇填空用所给动词的适当形式填空。
高中英语谓语和非谓语
高中英语谓语和非谓语一、谓语的概念与用法1. 定义- 在英语句子中，谓语是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明，指出“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语动词的位置一般在主语之后。
例如在句子“He runs fast.”中，“runs”就是谓语，它描述了主语“He”的动作。
2. 构成形式- 简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
- 例如：I love apples.（“love”是简单谓语）- 再如：She gets up early every day.（“gets up”是简单谓语动词短语） - 复合谓语：- 情态动词+动词原形：例如：You should study hard.（“should study”是复合谓语，其中“should”是情态动词，“study”是动词原形）- 助动词+动词原形/分词形式：- 在进行时态中，如He is reading a book.（“is reading”是复合谓语，“is”是助动词be的一种形式，“reading”是动词read的 -ing形式）- 在完成时态中，如They have finished their work.（“have finished”是复合谓语，“have”是助动词，“finished”是动词finish的过去分词形式）3. 谓语动词的时态、语态和语气- 时态：- 一般现在时：表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
例如：The sun rises in the east.（主语“the sun”是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词“rise”用第三人称单数形式“rises”）- 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
例如：I went to the park yesterday.（“went”是“go”的过去式）- 一般将来时：表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
例如：He will come tomorrow.（“will come”是一般将来时的谓语形式）- 现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作。
洋葱学院高中英语谓语的不同形式
洋葱学院高中英语谓语的不同形式1、The soldiers would rather die than give in. [单选题] *A. 呈交B. 放弃C. 泄露D. 投降(正确答案)2、People always _____ realize the importance of health _____ they lose it. [单选题] *A. not... untilB. don't... until(正确答案)C. /; untilD. /; not until3、Before you quit your job, （）how your family will feel about your decision. [单选题] *A. consider(正确答案)B. consideringC. to considerD. considered4、It _______ him ten minutes to solve the problem. [单选题] *A. spentB. took(正确答案)C. costD. paid5、47．Yao Ming is tall. That's one of his ________. [单选题] *A．advantageB．advantages(正确答案)C．disadvantageD．disadvantages6、A?pen _______ writing. [单选题] *A. is used toB. used toC. is used for(正确答案)D. used for7、Alice is a ______ girl. She always smiles and says hello to others.（）[单选题] *A. shyB. strictC. healthyD. friendly(正确答案)8、You should take the medicine after you read the _______. [单选题] *A. linesB. wordsC. instructions(正确答案)D. suggestions9、17．Joe is a good student and he is busy ______ his studies every day. [单选题] *A．inB．with(正确答案)C．byD．for10、——Have you（）your friend Bill recently? ———No, he doesnt often write to me. [单选题] *A. heard aboutB. heard ofC. heard from (正确答案)D. received from11、The teacher asked him to practice playing the piano _______. [单选题] *A. often as possibleB. as often possibleC. as possible oftenD. as often as possible(正确答案)12、I was astonished when I heard that Louise was getting married. [单选题] *A. 惊讶(正确答案)B. 气愤C. 高兴D. 想念13、Actually, we don't know whether this news comes from a reliable（）or not. [单选题] *A. source(正确答案)B. originC. basisD. base14、Researchers have spent five years collecting data（）the study is based. [单选题] *A. on thatB. in whichC. in thatD. on which(正确答案)15、--Don’t _______ too late, or you will feel tired in class.--I won’t, Mum. [单选题] *A. call upB. wake upC. stay up(正确答案)D. get up16、--What’s the _______ like today?--Cloudy. [单选题] *A. skyB. airC. landD. weather(正确答案)17、16．We asked ______ engineer we met before to help repair the radio yesterday. [单选题] * A．aB．anC．the(正确答案)D．/18、______ the morning of September 8th, many visitors arrived at the train station for a tour.（）[单选题] *A. FromB. ToC. InD. On(正确答案)19、90．—I want to go to different places, but I don’t know the ________. —A map is helpful,I think. [单选题] *A．price(正确答案)B．timeC．wayD．ticket20、( ) My mother told me _____ in bed. [单选题] *A. not readB. not readingC. don’t readD. not to read(正确答案)21、This is the news _______ you want to know. [单选题] *A. that(正确答案)B. whatC. whenD. who22、_______ win the competition, he practiced a lot. [单选题] *A. BecauseB. In order to(正确答案)C. Thanks toD. In addition to23、Don’t ______. He is OK. [单选题] *A. worriedB. worry(正确答案)C. worried aboutD. worry about24、Turn down the music. It hurts my _______. [单选题] *A. noseB. eyesC. mouthD. ears(正确答案)25、—Could you please make the bed?—______.（）[单选题] *A. Yes, I wasB. No, I don’tC. Sure, I’ll do it(正确答案)D. No, that’s no problem26、Bob used ______ on the right in China, but he soon got used ______ on the left in England.（）[单选题] *A. to drive; to driveB. to drive; drivingC. to driving; to driveD. to drive; to driving(正确答案)27、Many young people like to _______ at weekends. [单选题] *A. eat out(正确答案)B. eat upC. eat onD. eat with28、She was seen _____ that theatre just now. [单选题] *A. enteredB. enterC. to enter(正确答案)D. to be entering29、95--Where and when _______ you _______ it? [单选题] *A. did; buy(正确答案)B. do; buyC. have; boughtD. will; buy30、The strawberries ______ fresh. Can I taste (品尝) one?（）[单选题] *A. watchB. tasteC. soundD. look(正确答案)。
高中英语句子成分和句子种类(2)(2021年整理)
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句子成分和句子种类详解句子成分和结构是英语的基础，是理解和表达英语的关键。
英语中许多词类都对句子成分和结构有影响。
英语中的句子是由词或短语组成的,这些词或短语在句子中起一定的作用，叫做句子成分。
英语的篇章是由句子构成的，不同的内容需要不同类型的句式结构，这些句式结构又构成英语中不同的句子类型.学习英语句法的基础是了解句子成分、句子的基本结构和句子种类。
I 句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分.句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语和补足语等。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分；表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语等是句子的次要部分.1.主语：主语说明谓语动作或状态的执行者，常用的作主语的词类有：名词（短语）、代词、数词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）和从句。
Subject is the topic or theme of the sentence， which tells of what the sentence is about。
1）名词：The students are learning grammar。
Our teacher speaks very fast.2）代词：She is writing。
He likes playing tennis。
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14. The traffic in our city is already good and it ______ even better. A. gets B. got C. has got D. is getting 15. --- I will come to attend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow. --- I’m sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I ____ my guests in my office. A. is being met B. will meet C. will be meeting D. will have met 16. --- Alice came back home the day before yesterday. --- Really? Where ______? A. has she been B. had she been C. has she gone D. had she gone 17. I know Mr. Brown; we ______ to each other at an international conference. A. are introduced B. are been introduced C. were introduced D. had been introduced 18. --- Where do you think ____ he ____ the computer? --- Sorry. I have no idea. A. has; bought B. /; bought C. did; buy D. /; buys 19. Don’t bother to look for my dictionary --- it _____some day. A. turns up B. has turned up C. will turn up D. is going to turn up 20. --- What do you think of this kind of TV set, which ______ in Shanghai? --- Well, I don’t care about such things. A. was made B. is made C. has been made D. had been made
---动词的谓语形式 （二）
一. 除了前面讲过的8种基本的谓语形式以外，高中 教材中还常出现3种谓语形式：现在完成进行时； 将来进行时；将来完成时.下面将逐个学习：
1 现在完成进行时: 在学习现在完成进行时之前，我们再来复习一下现 在完成时：现在完成时所强调的是动作对现在所产生 的影响或者现在还存在某种结果，如： (1) The boy has already come back. (The boy is at home now) (2) I haven’t seen him for two years. (I know nothing about him now) (3) I have visited the city museum. (I know the museum well now; maybe I don’t want to go there again)
现在完成进行时的构成： have/has been +doing(一般不用被动形式) 含义：表示动作从过去到现在一直在发生 强调：动作具有连续性和不间断性；并且这种连续性 或不间断性可能产生某种结果或影响. eg: 1.I have been cleaning the room for 3 hours. (Maybe I am very tired) 2.I haven’t been sleeping well since I returned. (I feel very bad now) 3.He has been writing the report these days. (Maybe he feels tired or bored now) 4.—I have got a headache. C —No wonder. You____ in front of that computer too long. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked
谓语形式综合练习：
1. --- Oh, dear. I forgot the air tickets. --- You ______ something. A. have left B. are always leaving C. are leaving D. always left 2. --- I ___ so busily recently that I ___ no time to help you with your math. --- That’s OK. I can manage it by myself. A. have been working; have B. have worked; had C. am working; will have D. had been working; had had 3. Remember to send me a photo of us next time you ______ to me. A. are writing B. will write C. has written D. write 4. He ______ at the meeting, but his heart attack prevented him. A. will speak B. is going to speak C. had to speak D. was going to speak 5. --- I beg your pardon, but I didn’t quite catch you. --- Oh, I ______ myself. A. am talking to B. talked about C. have talked to D. was talking to 6. I ___ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the New Year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play
3 将来完成时 将来完成时的构成：will have + done; will have been + done 含义：到将来某个时间动作将会完成. 强调：到某个将来时间为止.如： (1) By the end of this year ,I will have saved enough money for a holiday. (2) The conference will have lasted a full week by the time it ends. A (3) I hope that they ______the road by the time we come back. A will have repaired B would have repaired C have repaired D had repaired
2 将来进行时： 将来进行时的构成：will be +doing /will be + being+ done 含义：表示说话人认为将来某个时刻将会在发生的事情. 强调：将来某个具体的时刻动作将在发生.如： 1.You can’t miss him. He will be wearing a dark green suit and a yellow tie waiting for you. 2.Next Friday I will go to another concert .They will be playing some thing by Mozart at that time 3.I will be having a meeting at 4o’clock tomorrow afternoon. B 4.What do you think you _____at this time next year? A. will do B. will be doing C. are going to do D. do
7. I first met Tom 10 years ago. He _____ in a radio factory at that time. A. had worked B. has worked C. was working D. has been working 8. --- What ______ when I phoned you? --- I ______ my work, and I wanted to go out. A. have you done; finished B. were you doing; have finished C. did you do; had just finished D. were you doing; had just finished 9. --- Have you finished the report? --- No. I ______ it all this week. A. will do B. had done C. have done D. have been doing 10. I can guess you were in a hurry. You ______ your sweater inside out. A. had worn B. wore C. were wearing D. are wearing 11. --- We ______ that you would fix the TV set this week. --- I’m sorry. I ______ to fix it this week, but I’ve been too busy. A. had expected; had intended B. are expecting; had intended C. expect; intend D. expected; intend 12. --- Why? Tom, your shirt is so dirty! --- Mum, I ______ my storeroom downstairs. A. cleaned B. have cleaned C. was cleaning D. have been cleaning 13. They won’t buy new clothes because they ___ money to buy a new house. A. save B. are saving C. have saved D. were saving