主语从句和同位语从句
高中英语知识点归纳同位语从句与主语从句的区别
高中英语知识点归纳同位语从句与主语从句的区别同位语从句与主语从句是英语语法中的两个重要概念。
虽然它们在形式上相似,但在用法和语义上却有着明显的区别。
本文将对同位语从句和主语从句进行比较,以帮助高中英语学习者更好地理解和运用它们。
一、同位语从句的定义和用法同位语从句是一个从句,用来补充或解释前面的名词或代词。
它通常用来对该名词或代词进行说明、加强或者解释。
同位语从句一般由连词"that"引导,但在口语中,可省略该连词。
同位语从句常见的结构如下:1. The fact that...例如:I am aware of the fact that he is leaving.2. The news that...例如:I am excited about the news that we won the competition.3. The idea that...例如:She has a strong belief in the idea that honesty is the best policy.同位语从句与前面的名词或代词之间构成同位关系,它们在句子中的地位相当。
同位语从句可以出现在复合句中的任意位置。
二、主语从句的定义和用法主语从句是一个从句,用来充当句子的主语。
它通常以连词"that"或连接代词"who, what, where, when, why, how"引导。
主语从句的常见结构如下:1. That...例如:That he is late is not surprising.2. Who...例如:Who will come to the party is uncertain.3. What...例如:What they did yesterday shocked me.主语从句通常位于句子的开头,作为整个句子的主语,它与谓语动词之间构成主谓关系。
主语从句和同位语从句
A 4.The news _____ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false. A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view ___ C the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that C some American 6.Word has come _____ guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. what B. whether C. that D. which
特殊句式
1.I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full.(MET98) A. it B. that C. these D. them 2. I feel ____ strange that he should be so careless. A. / B. it C. that D. how
不含有疑问意义,而_____ what 在从 句中作成分,常含有疑问意义。
Practice
I. Tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences 说出下列从句的功能:A: Appositive(同位语); B: Attributive(定语) 1. His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable. 2. Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online. 3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom. 4. Do you have any idea where we will be sent? 5. Is this the company where your father works? 6. This is the reason that he gave for his absence. 7. He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.
主语从句与同位语从句详解
【主语从句】主语从句是指在句子中做主语的从句。
引导主语从句的词有连词that,whether;连接代词who,what,which以及其强调形式whoever,whatever,whichever;连接副词when,where,how,why等。
例如:That she was able to come made us very happy.Whether she will come or not is still a question.What we need is more time.Where she has gone is a mystery.在主语从句中,为了保持句子的平衡,我们常常把主语从句后置,而以形式主语it代替。
例如:That he misunderstood me is obvious.通常说成:It is obvious that he misunderstood me.When the plane is to take off has not been announced.通常说成:It has not been announced when the plane is to take off.引导主语从句位于句首的连词不能用if,可以使用whether。
例如:If he comes or not doesn’t matter.应该为:It doesn’t matter if he comes or not.或Whether he comes or not doesn’t matter.that引导的主语从句放在句首时,that不能省略。
例如:That he was chosen made us very happy.注意这种结构构成的一些常见句型,如:It is said / reported that ….据说/据报道……。
It must be pointed out that ….必须指出的是……。
初中英语同位语从句、主语从句及表语从句
同位语从句,主语从句和表语从句一、同位语从句1.同位语:当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时,一个句子成分被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分,前者就叫做后者的同位语。
这两个句子成分多由名词或代词担任。
同位语通常放在其说明的名词或代词之后。
eg:We have two children, a boy and a girl.eg:We ,the chinese people , are determinded to build China into a powerful an prosperous country.2.同位语从句:与先行词(名词或代词)同位或等同的从句叫做同位语从句。
同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, opinion, thought, suggestion, promise, word(消息), message, request, order, proposal, plan, question等,多由连接代词that引导。
eg:The fact that the money has gone doesn’t mean it was stolen.eg:The hope that he may recover is faint.3.同位语从句的引导词及特点:1)连接代词that 引导的同位语从句中,that只起连接作用,不充当句子的成分。
2)连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how引导的同位语从句中,其引导词在句子中起连接作用即将主句与从句连接起来,且要在从句中充当成分。
3)从属连词whether, if引导同位语从句中,whether, if只起连接作用,不在句子中充当成分,也不替代先行词。
注:连接代词与连接副词,关系代词与关系副词的区别如下:连接代词和连接副词是引导同位语从句的,其在句子中起连接作用即将主句与从句连接起来,且要在从句中充当成分(that除外);关系代词与关系副词是引导定语从句的,其在句子中除了具备与连接代词和连接副词同等的作用外,即起连接作用(连接主从句),在句子中充当成分,而且还要替代先行词。
主语从句和同位语从句的区别_文档_(2)
定语从句同位语从句和主语从句的区别一.引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as;关系副词有when, where, why。
关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。
关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。
关系代词的选用,受下列条件的制约:(1) 要看先行词是指人还是指物,(2) 要看关系代词在从句中句法功能,(3) 要看定语从句是限定性的还是非限定性的。
指人指物指人或指物主语who which that宾语whom which that谓语whose whose (of which)That 只能用在限定性定语从句中,而who, whom, which, which 既可用于限定性定语从句中,也可用于非限定性定语从句。
I know that he is a man who means what he says. =I know that he is a man that means what he says. 【我知道他是一个守信用的人。
】The gentleman whom she met addressed her with courtesy. =The gentleman (that)she met addressed her with courtesy. 【她遇到的那位先生很有礼貌地向她打了招呼。
】The watch which was lost has been found. =The watch that was lost has been found. 【丢了的表找到了。
】You are the only one whose advice he might listen to. 他也就是听你的话吧。
关系副词的选用相对来说比较简单,如果先行词是表示时间的名词,如time, day 等,则用when, 如先行词为表示地点的名词,如place, house, area 等等,则选用where。
主语和同位语从句【最新】
同位语从句和定语从句的区别. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别.
在同位语从句中that不充当成分,但是不能省 在同位语从句中that不充当成分,但是不能省 略掉,而在定语从句中that 有充当成分, 略掉,而在定语从句中that 有充当成分,当宾 语的时候可以省略,当主语的时候不能省略. 语的时候可以省略,当主语的时候不能省略. 如: The suggestion that we should discuss the problem together was given by him. 同位语从句 The suggestion that he gave us is that we should discuss the problem together. 定语从句
Whoever 和no matter who区别 who区别
Whoever 既可以引导名词性从句,又可引导状语 既可以引导名词性从句, 从句. 从句.而no matter who只能引导状语从句,不 who只能引导状语从句,不 能引导名词性从句.whatever 能引导名词性从句.whatever ,no matter what其他也一样. what其他也一样.如: Whoever breaks the law should be punished. (不能用no matter who,因为这是名词性从句). 不能用no who,因为这是名词性从句). No matter who (或whoever) breaks the (或 law, he or she should be punished. (这是让步状语从句,所以两个都可以用) 这是让步状语从句,所以两个都可以用) Whatever/No matter what ______________you say, I will believe it. whatever I will believe __________you say.
Unit-4主语从句和同位语从句
河北安新中学 Cassandra
一、用法解析 1.主语从句的关联词。
类别 连接词
关联词 that
连接代词 连接副词
whether
who; whom; whose; what; which; whoever; whatever等 when; where; how; why 等
2.主语从句的位置。
主语从句在句子中作主语。它可以放在主句 谓语动词之前,如: What he said sounded reasonable.
但多数情况由it作形式主语,而把主语从句 放在主句之后,如: It is very important that we should master at least two foreign languages.
My friend Henry and I work in the same company.
一、用法解析
1. 定义: 用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。 2. 用法: 同位语从句常放在fact,news,idea, truth,hope,problem,information,wish, promise,answer,evidence,report, explanation,suggestion,conclusion等抽象名 词后面,说明该名词的具体内容。换言之,同 位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系, 对其内容作进一步说明,例如:
It happened that I met a friend of mine.
5. 主语从句需注意的问题 1.“if” 不能引导主语从句,应用“whether”引导。 2.主语从句中用陈述语序。 3.主语从句的 “that” 一般不能省。
英语语法学习之名词性从句之主语从句和同位语从句
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词有连词 that, whether,连接代词who,which,what和连接副词 how,when,where,why等。 (注:if不能引导同位语从句。) when he will be back . l have no idea ________________________ 他什么时候回来我不知道。 He must answer the question _________________. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
C shares Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____ her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who
四,主谓一致问题 is 1. What he said __________ true. 2. What I bought _____ are four English books. has 3. When and where he was born ______ not been found out. have 4. When he was born and where he was born ____ not been found out.
2、引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从 句中不充当任何成份,不能省略;而引导定 语从句的that是关系代词,除起连接作用外, 还在从句中充当主语、宾语等,作宾语可以 省略。
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people. 计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多 人感到惊奇。 The idea that he gave surprises many people. 他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。
主语从句和同位语从句
A.this
B.that
C.what
D.which
解析:选C。本题考查名词性从句的用法。 句意:村民们已经知道我们将要做的就是 重建这座桥。分析句子成分可知have already known后为宾语从句。而在该
宾语从句中又含“________ we’ll do”这一主
语从句,该主语从句缺少宾语,且表“事物”,
主语从句和同位语从句
同位语从句
语法精讲考点整合
经典品味 1.When the news came ________ the war broke out,he decided to serve
.that
D.because
主语从句和同位语从句
解析:选C。本题考查同位语从句。句 意:当战争爆发的消息传来时,他决定 参军。“the war broke out”作the news 的同位语,该同位语从句不缺任何成分, 用that引导,故答案为C项。
主语从句和同位语从句
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.尽管说已经有 两千名病人服用了这种药品,但是, 这种药品会带来什么副作用还不明确。
****注意:that从句作主语时,可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。 (A)It is +形容词(eg.clear/certain/likely/true/surprising)that… (B)It is +名词短语(eg.a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder) that ...
高考英语考点技巧-主语从句和同位语从句
同位语从句1. 定义:用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2. 用法:同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等,关联词多用从属连词that。
如:They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事,他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来?Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注:同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。
如:I have no idea whether he’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
解释:1.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别that引导的同位语从句that引导的定语从句句法功能上that只起连接从句的作用,无意义。
在从句中不充当句子成分。
不可省。
that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当一个句子成分。
初中英语同位语从句、主语从句及表语从句
初中英语同位语从句、主语从句及表语从句同位语从句,主语从句和表语从句一、同位语从句1.同位语:当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时,一个句子成分被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分,前者就叫做后者的同位语。
这两个句子成分多由名词或代词担任。
同位语通常放在其说明的名词或代词之后。
eg:We have two children, a boy and a girl.eg:We ,the chinese people , are determinded to build China into a powerful an prosperous country.2.同位语从句:与先行词(名词或代词)同位或等同的从句叫做同位语从句。
同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, opinion, thought, suggestion, promise, word(消息), message, request, order, proposal, plan, question等,多由连接代词that引导。
eg:The fact that the money has gone doesn’t mean it was stolen.eg:The hope that he may recover is faint.3.同位语从句的引导词及特点:1)连接代词that 引导的同位语从句中,that只起连接作用,不充当句子的成分。
2)连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how引导的同位语从句中,其引导词在句子中起连接作用即将主句与从句连接起来,且要在从句中充当成分。
3)从属连词whether, if引导同位语从句中,whether, if只起连接作用,不在句子中充当成分,也不替代先行词。
注:连接代词与连接副词,关系代词与关系副词的区别如下:连接代词和连接副词是引导同位语从句的,其在句子中起连接作用即将主句与从句连接起来,且要在从句中充当成分(that除外);关系代词与关系副词是引导定语从句的,其在句子中除了具备与连接代词和连接副词同等的作用外,即起连接作用(连接主从句),在句子中充当成分,而且还要替代先行词。
主语从句& 同位语从句
名词性从句-----主语从句1. 【2012 天津卷9】It doesn’t matter ______ you turn right or left at the crossing --- both roads lead to the park.A. whetherB. howC. ifD. when【答案】A【解析】考查主语从句。
句意为: 你在十字路口左转或右转都没关系。
2. 【2012江西卷25】It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.A.whether B.where C.which D.that【答案】D【解析】考查主语从句。
it作形式主语,真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。
且that在句中无意义,并不充当任何成分。
3. 【2012湖南卷6】Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn't matter ____ you have lived there for a short or a long time.A. whyB. howC. whetherD. when【答案】C【解析】考查主语从句。
it作形式主语。
根据后面的or可知为whether…or 短语。
考查引导词whether 的用法。
4. 【2011北京卷22】__________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whom【答案】B【解析】考查主语从句。
What 引导主语从句,且在该从句中充当offer 的宾语。
5. 【2011江西卷26 】The villagers have already known ______ we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.A. thisB. thatC. whatD. which【答案】C【解析】村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥,后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物,所以选择what。
主语从句与同位语从句
同位语从句是对名词或代词进行 解释或补充说明的从句,通常放 在被修饰名词或代词之后,如 "The news that he won the game is exciting."(他赢得了比 赛的消息令人兴奋)。
同位语从句可以由连词、关系代 词或关系副词引导,如"The idea that we can solve the problem ourselves is encouraging."(我 们可以自己解决这个问题的想法 是令人鼓舞的)。
主语从句可以由连词、关系代词或关系副词引 导,如"When he comes back is unknown." (他什么时候回来还不知道)。
主语从句在句子中充当主语,表示整个句子的 核心内容,如"Whether he will come is uncertain."(他是否会来还不确定)。
同位语从句实例
主语从句的分类
限定性主语从句
这种从句对主句的主语进行了限定或描 述,不能省略,否则会影响句子的完整 性。
VS
非限定性主语从句
这种从句对主句的主语进行了补充说明, 可以省略,不影响句子的完整性。
主语从句的引导词
"that"
用来引导陈述句,表示一个事实或概念。
"who"
用来引导疑问句或限定性主语从句,表示特定的人或 事物。
同位语从句对名词或代词进行解 释或补充说明,提供更多具体信 息,如"The fact that the earth is round is common knowledge."(地球是圆的这一 事实是常识)。
对比分析实例
主语从句与同位语从句在句子中的位置和作用不同。主语从句通常放在句首,充当主语,表示整个句 子的核心内容;而同位语从句则是对名词或代词进行解释或补充说明,提供更多具体信息。
同位语从句和主语从句
同位语从句(一) 概念一般来说,在主从复合句中,用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。
它通常跟在某些名词之后,用以说明或解释该名词表示的具体内容。
可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有:advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, promise, proposal, reply, report, suggestion, word(消息),problem,question, doubt, thought等。
例如:They were delighted at the news that their team had won. Where did you get the idea that I could not come?有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开。
如:The thought came to him that Tom might have returned the book.(二)引导词[寻规找矩注意从句引导词的用法。
1. The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.2. He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there.3. The question who should do the work is being discussed at the meeting.4. I have no idea what the boy is doing in the next room now.5. We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation this year.6. I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.7. I have no idea when he will be back.[小结归纳]①that引导同位语从句时无词义,也不充当任何成分,但通常不可以省略,如句1;②whether引导同位语从句时意为“是否”,通常不能用if来代替,如句2;③连接代词who, what等可以引导同位语从句,如句3,4;④连接副词where, how, when等可以引导同位语从句,如句5,6,7。
主语从句和同位语从句
主语从句和同位语从句接下来说说同位语从句。
这个小家伙就像一个搞笑的配角,负责解释主句中的名词。
举个例子,“The fact that he didn’t come is disappointing.” 这里的同位语从句“that he didn’t come”就像给“the fact”加了个注释,哎呀,这小子没来,真是让人心凉。
这种用法特别实用,听起来既正式又不失亲切感。
日常生活中,咱们常常会用这样的结构,比如说:“The idea that we should go hiking sounds great.” 你看,这时候“that we shouldgo hiking”就帮我们解释了“idea”是啥。
所以呢,主语从句和同位语从句,简直就是英语世界里的调味品,没有它们,句子就淡了。
这就好比一碗白开水,加点盐、加点酱油,瞬间就鲜活起来了。
想想你平常跟朋友聊天,聊着聊着突然冒出一句“我跟你说啊,昨天我看到的那个事情...”这时候的“那个事情”如果不加点解释,可能就会变成“什么事情”,让人摸不着头脑。
主语从句和同位语从句就能解决这个问题,让沟通更顺畅。
再说了,英语这门语言,真是个五彩斑斓的世界。
主语从句和同位语从句各有各的用处,想要玩转它们,得先了解它们的性格。
你可能会一脸懵逼,觉得怎么这些从句会如此复杂,但只要稍微琢磨琢磨,就会发现它们的可爱之处。
就像人类的性格,每个人都有独特的一面,得好好去了解才能真正懂得。
比如,你跟朋友聊到一个很有趣的事情,“The idea that we can travel next summer is exciting!” 这句话不仅传达了兴奋的情感,还通过同位语从句解释了这个“idea”是什么。
说到这里,有没有觉得英语学习也挺有趣的?特别是当你能熟练运用这些句子的时候,那种成就感真是无法用言语形容。
有时候啊,英语学习的过程就像攀登一座山,起初你可能觉得艰难无比,心里想着“我真的能做到吗?”但当你一步步走上去,看到越来越多的风景,心里那种激动真是无与伦比。
句子做主语是什么从句结构类型
句子做主语是什么从句结构类型句子作为主语在语文学习中是一个重要的语法现象。
句子作为主语通常被称为主语从句,它的语法结构类型有很多。
在这篇文章中,我们将探讨有关句子做主语时的从句结构类型以及三个具体的例子。
一、什么是主语从句?主语从句是作为主语的从句,它通常由“that”“whether”“if”等引导词引出。
这种从句通常是复杂句的形式,它的语法结构比较复杂。
主语从句通常出现在主语部分,在句子中很常见。
二、主语从句的结构类型主语从句的结构类型有三种,分别是“同位语从句”、“名词性从句”和“特殊疑问句从句”。
1.同位语从句同位语从句是主语和补语中间的一个从句,它解释或指明主语或补语的内容,并且表示在数量、性质、名称、时间、地点和状态等方面解释或说明主语的内容。
同位语从句通常出现在主语中,下面是一个例子:即使父母不同意,我还是会去旅行。
In spite of the fact that my parents don't agree, I will still travel.在这个例子中,“即使父母不同意”是同位语从句,它修饰主语“我”。
2.名词性从句名词性从句也称为“宾语从句”、“主语从句”或“表语从句”,它是一个从句,作为一个名词,可以作为宾语、主语或表语出现在句子中。
通常由“that”“whether”“if”等引导词引出。
下面是一个例子:他怀疑他的女友欺骗了他。
He doubts whether his girlfriend cheated on him.在该例中,“是否他的女友欺骗了他”是名词性从句,它作为整个句子的主语。
3.特殊疑问句从句特殊疑问句从句也称为“疑问代词从句”,它通常由“what”“where”“who”“when”“why”等引导词引出,表示特殊的提问形式。
特殊疑问句从句通常修饰一个名词,也可以作为整个句子的主语。
下面是一个例子:谁能告诉我他的名字?Who can tell me his name?在该例中,“谁能告诉我他的名字”是特殊疑问句从句,它作为整个句子的主语。
主语同位语从句.
名词性从句
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组。按句法功能, 名词性从句可以分为主语从句,表语从句,宾语 从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的有连接词 that, whether和if,连接代词who, whom, what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever以及连接副 词when, where和how。
That he is a doctor ____________________ is true. =It is true __________________. that he is a doctor 千真万确,他是个医生. 2.用it作形式主语的从句有的已经形成固定的用法和 译法。常见的有四种句型。 1)It + be +名词 + that从句 It is a fact that… 事实上是…… It is a pity that…可惜的是…… 2)It + be +形容词 + that从句 It is certain that… 很肯定…… It is clear that… 很清楚……
主语从句(Subject Clause) 用作主语的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词 有从属连词,疑问代词,疑问副词,缩合连接代词, 缩合连接副词。 一、that引导的主语从句
1.that引导的主语从句既可以放在句首,也可以放在 句后。但是为了保持句子的平衡,常常用it作形式主语, 把真正的主语放在句后。 That he survived the accident ______________________________ is a miracle. that he survived the accident . =It is a miracle ___________________________ 他在这场事故中幸免于难,真是奇迹。
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主语从句常用it作形式主语放句首 主语从句常用it作形式主语放句首 it
因而我们常见到这种句式: 因而我们常见到这种句式: It+be+n./adj/-ed从句(that, whether,etc.) 从句( 从句 例:It's a pity that you should have to leave. = That you should have to leave is a pity. It is great that I have a teacher like you. = That I have a teacher like you is great.
The news that our team has won the match is true. His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.
The Differences Between Appositive clauses and Attributive Clauses
特殊句式
1.I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full.(MET98) . ) A. it B. that C. these D. them 2. I feel ____ strange that he should be so careless. A. / B. it C. that D. how
e.g. The fact that he is from Canada is new to me. (that不可换为 不可换为which) 不可换为 ) The fact that surprised me is that he is not Chinese. (第一个 第一个that可换为 可换为which,第二个 可换为 , 不行,因为它引导的是表语从句。) 不行,因为它引导的是表语从句。, that外 4、引导同位语从句的关联词,除that外,还可 以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词; 以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词; 而定语从句不可用what, whether等引导 等引导。 而定语从句不可用what, how, whether等引导。 e.g. I had no idea at all what I should do next. There is no proof whether he was killed by others.
A 4.The news _____ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false. A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view ___ the C book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that C 6.Word has come _____ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. what B. whether C. that D. which
3. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.(MET92) ( ) A.while B. that C.if D.for . . .
请你归纳 ?
为了使句子保持平衡, 常用it来代替主 为了使句子保持平衡 , 常用 来代替主 语从句或宾语从句, 语从句或宾语从句,而把主语从句或宾 语从句放到后面, 尤其是连词that引导 语从句放到后面 , 尤其是连词 引导 的主语从句常用于此种句式中, 的主语从句常用于此种句式中,但what, , whatever, whoever, whichever引导的 , , 引导的 主语从句一般不后置。 主语从句一般不后置。
Exercises B 1. The news ____ another power station will be built cheered all the villagers. A which B that C what D whatever
A 2 The news ____ he told us is exciting. Which of the following is wrong? A what B\ C which D that
that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词 引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词, 3、that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词,故 不能用which替换; that引导定语从句时是 which替换 不能用which替换;而that引导定语从句时是 代词,常可以和另一关系代词which替换。 which替换 代词,常可以和另一关系代词which替换。
怎样区别 同位语从句与定语从句
同位语从句与定语 从句 的不同之处
从句的作用不同: 1、从句的作用不同:同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容;定语从句用来修饰、 说明前面名词的内容;定语从句用来修饰、 限定前面的名词。 限定前面的名词。
e.g. The news that our team has won the final matchis encouraging. (从句说明“消息” 的内容:我们队取得了决赛胜利。) The news that you told us is really encouraging.(从句对“消息”加以限定:是 你告诉我们的,而非来自其他渠道。但消息是 你告诉我们的 何内容却不得而知。)
引导从句的关联词that的功能不同:that 的功能不同: 2、引导从句的关联词 的功能不同 引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词, 引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词,不充当任 何成分;而引导定语从句的that是关系代词, 是关系代词, 何成分;而引导定语从句的 是关系代词 既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。 既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。
一.同位语从句注意点 同位语从句注意点
同位语从句 引导词that只起连接 引导词 只起连接 的作用不充当句子 的作用不充当句子 成分 同位语从句与前面 的名词是同位关系 的名词是同位关系 表示这个名词的内 容 同位语从句的that 一 同位语从句的 般不能省 定语从句 引导词that除了引导 引导词 除了引导 句子外还充当 充当一定的 句子外还充当一定的 句子成分 定语从句对先行词起 修饰作用,表示“ 修饰作用,表示“… 的”。 而定语从句中的关系 代词that,当其在从 代词 , 句中做宾语时, 句中做宾语时,常省 略
名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性 从句. 从句
1宾语从句;2主语从句; 宾语从句; 主语从句 主语从句; 宾语从句 3表语从句;4同位语从句 表语从句; 同位语从句 表语从句
主语从句
在另外一个句子中做主语的句 子叫主语从句。 子叫主语从句。 How the book will sell depends on its author. That he is the best student in the class is obvious
注意: 已确定的事由that引导; that引导 注意: 已确定的事由that引导; 没决定的事由whether引导. whether引导 没决定的事由whether引导.
2. 连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, 连接代词 whose, which, whichever 等. What he is has nothing to do with you. Whose ticket this is has not been found out. 3.连接副词 连接副词when, where, why, how, how 连接副词 , long, how often, how soon, how far, how many / much 等. When the test will be given is not yet decided. How much we can spend must be agreed on.
Ⅲ.主语从句的连接词 主语从句的连接词
一、主语从句 1.连 词 that( 无词 义 不 作 成分 不能 省 连词 义, 成分, 不 能 连 是否),if不能位于句首。 不能位于句首。 略);whether(是否 是否 不能位于句首
That he will come and help us is certain. Whether we will succeed is still a question. It is not known if he will come.
II. Choose the best answer
B 1.They expressed the hope ___they would come over to China. A. which B. that C. whom D. when A 2.The fact___ he didn’t see Tom yesterday is true. A. that B. which C. when D. what B 3.I have no idea ____he will come back. A. where B. when C. what D. that
e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. (that 不充当任何成分) 不充当任何成分) 2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children. 指代promise,又在从句中充当主语。) (that指代 指代 ,又在从句中充当主语。)