11-23大论文-me
汽车毕业设计论文
摘要去年以来,我国专用车市场取得较好的经营业绩,全国395家改装车企业改装汽车23.06万辆,销售23.05万辆。
自卸汽车27125辆,占总量的11.76%。
随着国内基础设施建设需要不断增加,自卸车产量近年来一直保持较高产销量,在专用车综合产量中保持第一位置,但在种类、型式、材料运用方面与国外还有一定的差距。
本文首先对自卸车的设计特点以及国内外发展现状做了相关的概述。
接着,从车厢的设计、举升机构的设计、取力器的设计等方面进行了EQ3090自卸车的总体设计,并对主车副车架进行了改装与设计。
对整个EQ3090自卸车的外廓尺寸、轮距与轴距尺寸、前悬后悬以及整车的装载质量、整备质量、总质量和轴载质量进行了相关的计算与设计。
关键字:自卸汽车总体布置设计副车架轴载质量举升机构AbstractSince last year, our country Special Purpose Vehicle industry is in the boom, with 395 car refit enterprise all around the country refitting 230.6 thousand cars, selling 230.5 thousand. auto unload vehicle the 27125 car, account for 11.76% of total deal. along with the development of local foundation facilities, in recent years auto unload vehicle yield has been keeping in higher production & sales, remains in the first place in Special Purpose Vehicle production. However, in aspects of category, pattern, material application, compared with foreign countries there is still a long way to go.In this paper, firstly, I made a general about the auto unload vehicle design and its development domestic and abroad. Then, at the point of compartment, rising organization etc, I started the design of the EQ3090 auto unload vehicle. Also, I refit and designed the vice-car stalk.To whole EQ3090 the lading quantity, reorganization quantity, measure, tread, wheelbase, forward suspension behind,proceeded the related calculation and design.Key words: auto unload vehicle total arrangement vice-car stalk raising organization1 概述1.1 专用汽车设计特点专用汽车与普通汽车的区别主要是改装了具有专用功能的上装部分,能完成某些特殊的运输和作业功能。
初三英语作文:我最喜欢的节日
初三英语作文:我最喜欢的节日初三英语作文:我最喜欢的节日(通用23篇)无论在学习、工作或是生活中,大家最不陌生的就是作文了吧,作文根据体裁的不同可以分为记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文。
相信很多朋友都对写作文感到非常苦恼吧,以下是本店铺精心整理的初三英语作文:我最喜欢的节日,希望能够帮助到大家。
初三英语作文:我最喜欢的节日 1My favorite festival is Spring festival,It is inportant holiday in every year.First,it is a good chance to rest after a year s hard work.It is a great pleasure to prepare for the festval,by shopping and cleaning up.And Spring Festival can bring many friend people.And we can stay at together,watching TV,playing the cards and singing.Secondly,the celebration of the Spring Festival highlights traditional Chinese culture.People write in gold on red paper eXpressing good wishes around the doorframe and set off firecrackers.Finally,Spring Festival is stand for a begin in neXt year,we should have a good wises,and believe these can bring good fortune.In a word,I like the Spring Festival!我最喜欢的节日是春节,它是在每年重要的节日。
基于MATLAB的电力系统稳定性分析与仿真毕业论文
山东农业大学毕业论文基于MATLAB的电力系统稳定性分析与仿真装、丁院部机械与电子工程学院订专业班级电气3班线届次20**届_________学生姓名 _______________________学号 __________________________指导教师 ____________ 副教授二0**年六月六日摘要.................................................................................. .•...Abstract .. (II)1绪论................................................................................ 1...1.1课题背景................................................................. 1..1.2课题内容................................................................. 1..1.3课题意义................................................................. 1.. 2简单电力系统的静态稳定性及其仿真分析 (2)2.1电力系统静态稳定性简介 ...................................................... 2.2.2简单电力系统的静态稳定性仿真 (4)2.2.1Simulink模型构建及参数设置............................................ 4.2.2.2保持电势E q'=q。
'常数,励磁系统的综合放大系数为5.7857仿真分析 (7)2.3提高系统静态稳定性的措施 (9)2.3.1采用自动调节励磁装置 (9)2.3.2减小元件的电抗........................................................ 1.02.3.3提高线路标称电压等级 (10)2.3.4改善系统的结构和米用中间补偿设备 (11)3简单电力系统的暂态稳定性及其仿真分析 (11)3.1电力系统的暂态稳定性简介 (12)3.2 Simulink模型及仿真结果 ..................................................... 1.43.3提高系统暂态稳定性的措施 (18)3.3.1改变制动功率(发电机输出的电磁功率) .................................. 1 83.3.2改变原动功率(原动机输出的机械功率) .................................. 1 93.3.3系统失去稳定后的措施 (20)4总结与展望 (21)参考文献 (22)致谢................................................................................. 23.Contents Abstract.......................................................................................................................................... I I 1 In troduct ion . (1)1.1 Task background (1)1.2 Task contents (1)1.3 Task sig nifica nee (1)2 The static stability of power system and its simuli nk (2)2.1 In troduct ion of power system static stability (2)2.2 Simuli nk of power system static stability (4)2.2.1 Simuli nk model con struct ion and parameter setting (4)2.2.2 Keep ing voitage E q '=E q。
英语丨湖北省新高考协作体2025届高三上学期11月期中考试英语试卷及答案
2024—2025学年上学期期中考试高三英语答案听力:1-5BCBCB6-10CBACB11-15CBABC16-20CABCB阅读理解:21-23DCB24-27BCAD28-31CDBA32-35CDCB七选五:36-40DECGB完形填空:41-45CDCAB46-50DCBAD51-55ABDCD语法填空:56.constructed57.What58.in59.were troubled60.to change61.has occurred62.productive63.a64.scientifically65.preventing写作:应用文:The possible versionDear fellow students,With the development of modern industry and the change of people’s lifestyles,our ecological environment is becoming increasingly worse.It’s high time we took action to protect our ecological environment,otherwise we may soon have nowhere to live.Firstly,turn off lights and other electrical appliances when they are not in use to conserve electricity.Secondly,when going out,we should choose to walk,to ride a bike or to take public transportation instead of driving a stly,reusing paper or bottles and resisting using plastic bags are also highly recommended.These simple actions can significantly contribute to a low-carbon lifestyle.Let us work together to create a green and harmonious environment.The Students’Union 读后续写:构思:第一段:①What was Mary thinking?②How would mom help Mary?③What would Mary do next?第二段:①How did Mary feel and adjust?②What was Mr.Brown and other students’reaction?③What was the result of the presentation?The possible versionHearing Mom’s words,Mary gazed at the precious red ribbon.She imagined the scene where Mom had tried her best to overcome her fears and picked up the courage to deliver a fantastic speech to the audience.Realizing Mary’s anxiety,Mom reassured her and reached out her hand to tie the red ribbon onto Mary’s wrist with a smile.Restored and determined,Mary gritted(咬紧牙关)her teeth to find her courage.She stood in front of a mirror and practiced.“You can do it,”she told herself when drowsiness(昏昏欲睡)fell upon her.The next day Mary again walked to the front of the classroom to give her presentation.She nervously lowered her head and averted her gaze,feeling numb for a few seconds.But courage found its way back the moment she caught sight of the red ribbon on her forted and inspired,she took a deep breath,summoned up her courage,and said“Dear fellow students.”Mary cast a glance at Mr.Brown who was standing in the corner and smiling at her.A self-reassuring smile spread across Mary’s face.She knew for sure that she had now found her courage.部分答案解析A篇主题语境:人与社会—社会服务本文是应用文。
【毕业论文】制动系统文献综述
【毕业论文】制动系统文献综述制动系统文献综述1本科毕业设计文献综述前言汽车具有广泛的普遍性和高度的灵活性。
汽车是重要的交通工具之一,承担着十分广泛的运输任务,而且其运输地位居各种交通工具之首。
汽车是数量最多,最普遍的交通工具。
在城市乡村随处可见。
在现代社会中,没有哪种交通工具可以与汽车所起的作用相媲美。
随着社会经济的不断发展,汽车在过去几十年中已迅速发展成为最主要最受青睐的交通工具,在全社会运输量所占比重越来越大,已占据主导地位。
美国,德国,法国,英国等国家汽车在客运总量中比重已达到90%左右。
汽车的重要性不言而喻。
汽车制动系统作为汽车的非常重要的一个主动安全系统,其性能的优劣对汽车驾驶的舒适性和安全性起着举足轻重的作用。
随着汽车速度的提高,工况的愈加复杂,以及人们对安全的更高的追求,高性能,长寿命,更稳定可靠地制动器系统将成为汽车设计师们现在和未来研究的重点本篇毕业设计(论文)题目是《桑塔纳液压制动器设计》。
本题目来源于实正文1、制动系统的组成与分类 1.1 制动系统的组成传统的制动系统主要由供能装置、控制装置、传动装置和制动器四个基本部分组成。
汽车制动系统常见的部件包括:制动鼓、制动蹄片、制动盘、制动钳、摩擦衬块、钢索、液压泵、真空助力器、电子控制单元等等1.2 制动系统按照功能可分为行车制动系统、驻车制动系统、第二制动系统和辅助制动系统等2、制动系统的发展趋势车辆在行驶过程中要频繁进行制动操作,由于制动性能的好坏直接关系到交通和人身安全,因此制动性能是车辆非常重要的性能之一,改善汽车的制动性能始终是汽车设计制造和使用部门的重要任务。
当车辆制动时,由于车辆受到与行驶方向相反的外力,所以才导致汽车的速度逐渐减小至0,对这一过程中车辆受力情况的分析有助于制动系统的分析和设计,因此制动过程受力情况分析是车辆试验和设计的基础,由于这一过程较为复杂,因此一般在实际中只能建立简化模型分析,通常人们主要从三个方面来对制动过程进行分析和评价:1)制动效能:即制动距离与制动减速度;2)制动效能的恒定性:即抗热衰退性;3)制动时汽车的方向稳定性;目前,对于整车制动系统的研究主要通过路试或台架进行,由于在汽车道路直接行使实验中车轮扭矩不易测量,因此,多数有关传动系!制动系的试验均通过间接测量来方式来测量。
考试论文-超临界二氧化碳的应用
超临界二氧化碳的应用应化06-2班陈正雄14号茂名学院化学与生命科学学院应用化学系,广东茂名(525000)E-mail(townbear@)摘要:超临界CO2 具有气体的低粘度、高扩散系数和液体的高密度,且化学惰性,无毒无腐蚀,临界状态容易实现,是一种性能优良的环境友好溶剂。
本文简单介绍了超临界CO2 在萃取、染色、沉淀、反胶团、化学反应等方面的应用。
指出了目前超临界CO2 的研究进展以及今后的研究方向。
关键词:超临界二氧化碳萃取染色反胶团反应介质中图分类号:TQ644.14; TQ028.32 文献标识码:A1. 前言自1822 年Cagniard首次报道了物质的临界现象以来,超临界流体的研究被广泛关注。
1869 年Andrew测定了二氧化碳的临界参数。
超临界二氧化碳是指温度和压力均高于其临界值( T=31.1℃ P=7.38MPa)的二氧化碳流体。
在超临界状态下,二氧化碳具有类似液体的高密度和接近气体的低粘度,并且对人体和动植物无害、不燃、没有腐蚀性、对环境友好、原料易得、价格便宜和处理方便等优点,是目前使用最多的一种超临界流体[12]。
超临界二氧化碳主要应用于热敏性物质和高沸点组分的萃取分离,超细特殊材料的制备,特殊化学反应的溶媒等方面。
2. 超临界流体萃取(Supercritical Fluid Extraction,SFE)与传统的分离方法相比,超临界二氧化碳萃取具有许多独特的优点:(1)超临界流体的萃取能力随其密度增大而提高,因而很容易通过调节温度和压力加以控制;(2)溶剂回收简单方便,不易产生溶剂残留或污染;(3)由于超临界二氧化碳化学性质稳定,无毒和无腐蚀,临界温度接近常温,所以特别适合食品及医药中的生理活性成分和热敏组分的分离[1]。
超临界流体萃取是近年来兴起的新型分离工艺,已在食品、医药、化工、生化等领域显示了广阔的应用前景[2]。
2.1 食品食品工业上,超临界二氧化碳萃取主要用于从天然中提取各种脂溶有效成分,其提取率优于有机溶剂萃取,且无溶剂残留,为纯天然产品[1]。
C-myc、Bcl-2基因在弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤中的表达及临床意义
-632-Joumai l Clinicai arn Expedmenal Menmiae Vol.29,No.6Maa2701并诱导肿瘤血管新生,以确保肿瘤组织适应缺氧环境[5]。
血管新生是乳腺癌迁移、扩散的重要病理基础,但乳腺癌血管新生涉及机制复杂[7]。
本研究的优势在于探讨了乳腺癌血管新生的又一机制,发现HPSE、HP-la表达上调是乳腺癌组织MVD计数增高的重要原因,临床或可通过靶向干预该两个指标来抑制乳腺癌血管新生,进而治疗本病。
本研究虽然发现该两个指标存在正向相关性,但其相互影响的机制尚无结论,这正是本研究的不足之处,也将是笔者下一步的研究方向。
9结论综上所述,乳腺癌组织HPSE、HIP-la表达上调,与患者临床病理及MVD计数有一定关系,且两者间表达呈正相关。
参考文献[1]刘宇琼,李娜,黄会粉,等.HP-2a对乳腺癌干细胞生物学特性的影响[]中华医学杂志,2218,93(4):269-273.[4]Liang GH,Lin ZH,Tan LY,et al.HILI a-associateh cinDENND4CPromotes ProliTration of Breast Cancer Cells in Hypoxic Euvironmext [].Anticaucos Roz:2217,57(3):4357-4345.[]Lin MM,Liang YR,Zhu ZZ,et al.Discoven of Novel Apl Car/oxam-ido Derivatives as Hypoxia-Inducible Factor la Signaling Inhibitors with Potent Activities of Anticaucos Metastasis[J].J Meh Chem,296, 92(22):9299-9514.[4]Badurajeoa CP,Modao CD,Ranvappa S,et al.Ikextificat/p of NovelClass of T/azolc-Thiadiazoloz as Potent Inhibitors of Human Heparv-naso and Oeis Anticaucos Activity[J].BMC Cancer;2917,17( 1):435.[5]Spyron A,Kundu S,Haseeh L,et al.IndTition of Heparanaso in Peh/atric Brain Tumor Cells Attexuatos their ProliTration,Invasive Capaci-/,and In VTe Tumor Growth[J].Mol Cancer Thor,2217,6(3):1775-1712.[]彭大颖,姜丽红,吴迪.乙酰肝素酶mRNA及CD34在乳腺癌组织中的表达与病理特征及MVD的关系研究[]•癌症进展,2217,6(11):1325-1327.[7]Devi U,Singh M,Roy S,et al.PHD-4activation:a novel stratep tocontrol HP-la and miTchcxUPai stress to modulate mammap gland patUoyPysiolop in ER+suUtypo[J].Naunyy SchmieXeXenz AnhPhaniacoi,2219,394(6):1039-1256.[3]Stone JK,Kim JH,VuUadid L,et al.Hypoxia inkucoz cancer cell-speci/c chromatin interactions and increases MALAT1expression in b/ah cancer cells[J].J Biol Chem,226,294(29):11215-11220.[]潘永杰,庞文会,孙彦,等.乙酰肝素酶和D0-42在儿童甲状腺癌中的表达及临床意义[]•山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报,2217,51(9):29-34.[12]Zhang Y,Zhang GL,Suu X,et al.GuUexyilid II Inhibits Breast TumorGrowth and Metastasis Associateh with Decmaseh Heparanaso Expression and PhosphopOt/y of ERK and AKT Pathways[J].Molecules: 2217,20(5):737.[1]Morot b M,Bridges E,Val l i A,et al.Hypoxia-inUuceX soitch6-SNAT4/SLC33A9mvuOt/n gexeratoz exkocriuo resistance6-breast caucer[J].Pre Nat Acad SO USA,226,16(25):6054-12091.[10]刘艳秋,解长银,王志伟,等.糖尿病合并冠心病患者血清乙酰肝素酶水平变化及意义[]重庆医学,2217,49(5):379-372 [3]Wei RR,Suu DN,Yang H,et al.CTC clusters inUuceX bp hepapnaseexUaucc breast cancer metastasis[J].Acta Pha/nacol Sin,2918,39(3):1549-1557.[10]Lang T,Ran W,Dong XY,et al.Tumor Cells-Selective Bionic Nanodevice Exploiting Heparanaso Combats Me/static Breast Cancer[J].Aka Funct Matos,2218,23(17):627239.[15]邵为,林涛,仲海燕,等.缺氧微环境对乳腺癌骨转移机制的研究进展[]•医学研究杂志,226,43(5):19-12,54.[6]Ll HM,Miao J,Zhu ML,et al.Bishonodiol A inhibits breast cancercell invasion and migration bp suppnssTa hypoxia TUucTie factor-la [J].J Bioexerg Biomembs,226,51(5):439-K.[7]边青召,李镇伽,崔海滨.高压氧降低缺氧诱导因子-la的表达抑制乳腺癌MCF-7细胞转移的研究[].中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志,2218,25(4):225-032.[3]潘国友,董康迪,谢德天,等.miR-357-3p对胃癌细胞SGC7791中HPSE表达的调控及其对细胞增殖的影响[]•中国现代普通外科进展,226,20(4):259-291,295.[6]Yang H,Geng YH,Wang P,et al.Extracellular ATP promotoz breastcancer invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal Pansition via hypoxia-in-kucibio factor4a signaling[J].Cancer SO,226,16(3):2059-2077.[22]黄玉钿,郑曦,吴钦穗,等.缺氧诱导因子-la与非特殊型浸润性乳腺癌分子分型及血管生成的关系分析[]•中国免疫学杂志, 226,35(11):1551-1337.(收稿日期:2229-11-23)DOI:10.3969/j.issu.1671-4999.0091.02.029文章编号:1071-4999(2991)02-0232-09C-myc、Bet-2基因在弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤中的表达及临床意义吴亮刘香杨辉[南方医科大学顺德医院(佛山市顺德区第一人民医院)血液内科广东佛山525300]【摘要】目的探讨B细胞淋巴瘤-2基因(Bel-2)、原癌基因C-myo在弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)中的表达及其临床意义。
【国家自然科学基金】_me效应_基金支持热词逐年推荐_【万方软件创新助手】_20140801
科研热词 晶体结构 取代苯甲醛 分子构型 二苯乙烯 雄激素合成 除藻率 铁磁电材料 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 补偿 营养限制 脂肪因子类/代谢 羔羊 细胞增殖 絮凝动力学 精子发生 空间电荷 硝基苄基鏻 硝基苄基鏛 球形棕囊藻 氧化性应激/药物作用 改性粘土 大鼠 体重 介电特性 五味子/药理学 下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴 cd8+ t淋巴细胞 cd4+ t淋巴细胞
2008年 序号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
科研热词 me效应 单磁场 tb1-xdyxfe2-y pzt 重组人脱细胞真皮基质 超滤离心 蛋白质组学 胆汁泡相 胆固醇结石 纠缠 稀土磁性合金 磁电耦合 磁电效应 牛血清白蛋白残留量 最大纠缠态 掺杂钛酸钡 掺杂效应 成核效应蛋白 微胶粒相 基质效应 双层膜 压电效应 分数霍尔效应 冯纽曼熵 三层膜 tdf lsmo
2013年 序号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
科研热词 静脉自身给药 铜配合物 钴 药动学 胆盐 胆固醇 聚合 聚丁二烯 经理管理防御 磁电耦合 磁滞回线 白术内酯ⅲ 白术内酯ii 白术内酯i 生态效应 物理过程 混合效应模型 混合实验法 海洋酸化 海洋化学与 氯胺酮 模拟研究 有限元法 成瘾 微乳 定量数据 多铁性复合材料 合成方法 反平行二聚体 卵磷脂 单病例随机对照试验 动物模型 动态磁电耦合 利益相关者 刚性多齿配体 内聚力单元 全球变化 企业社会责任 介电性能 α -二亚胺 hplc-ms dft计算 co2 bifeo3 1,3-丁二烯
消防工程参考文献
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老友记第五季对话中英对照11-23
11. yesterday's Daily News 昨天的报纸昨天的报纸2. I just wanna check my horoscope, h ɔ:r :rəəsk skəəʊp see if it was right.我只是想看我的星座运气准不准不准3. Oh, my God! Don't Iook now.Behind you there's a guy.who can break our hearts and plunge us into depression 天啊,菲比,别看,你背后有个将会令我们伤心欲绝的帅哥你背后有个将会令我们伤心欲绝的帅哥4. We should do something. Whistle. hw ɪs əl 我们应该有所行动,吹口哨吹口哨5. I wish there was something we could do.我只希望我们能帮上一点忙我只希望我们能帮上一点忙6. I wish we at least knew his name.希望至少能知道他的名字希望至少能知道他的名字7. I hate that they're calling him John Doe.我讨厌他们叫他"某约翰"(无名氏)8. Oh, I was gonna stop.喔,我就此打住. 我不说了我不说了9. he's artistic 他有艺术气息他有艺术气息10. Okay. He's a lawyer who teaches sculpting on the side.他是个兼职教雕塑的律师他是个兼职教雕塑的律师 11. And he can dance.而且他会跳舞而且他会跳舞12. And he's the kind of guy who, when you're talking, he's Iistening...他是那种静静听你讲话的人的人 13. I wish all guys could be Iike him.我希望男生都像他这样我希望男生都像他这样14. Are there no conscious men in the city for you two?纽约难道没有适合你们的清醒男生? 15. He doesn't have anyone.他身旁没人照顾他身旁没人照顾16. I Iove your mom's books.I can't get on a plane without one.This is so cool.飞机上没她的书陪伴,我会度日如年她的书简直是酷毙了我会度日如年她的书简直是酷毙了17. I think she's a blast.她是第一流的她是第一流的18. When did he get back from Rome?19. Just a dream I had.只是我做过的一个梦只是我做过的一个梦20. What is this about you being arrested in London? 等会儿再谈你的书吧听说你在伦敦被逮捕21. Why would she say that's embarrassing? 她怎会说难为情? 22. I just get this craving for kung pao chicken 我非常想吃宫保鸡丁我非常想吃宫保鸡丁23. That's too much information.透露太多了!24. So how is your book tour going? 现在你正为新书做宣传,情况如何?25. I'm leaving\for New York tomorrow, which I hate 还不错,明天我将前往纽约其实我不喜欢纽约纽约26. But I get to see my son, who I love.我的儿子住那儿,我爱他.27. Don 't take this wrong, I just don 't see you as a mom.别会错意,只是我看不出你已为人母只是我看不出你已为人母 28. I don 't mean that bad. Oh, no. I'm a fabulous mom.我绝对没有恶意不,我是个很前卫的母亲29. And then he burst into flames.然后他就欲火焚身然后他就欲火焚身30. Congress is debating a new deficit-reduction bill.国会正讨论新削减预算赤字法案国会正讨论新削减预算赤字法案 31. The mayor wants to raise subway fares.The high today was 45.市长想再度提高地铁票价今天最高气温是45度32. I think you need to come out of your shell.我觉得你应该更放开一些…33. What is this dive? 为何选在这种二流餐厅?34. Only you could've picked this place.只有你才会选这种地方只有你才会选这种地方 35. I heard about the divorce.Lesbian, huh? 我听说了离婚的事情了.女同性恋?36. Well, you know what they say:Be careful what you wish for.你知道他们总是说:“要小心你内心希望的” 37. -I think we' re ready for some tequila.I know I am.我想我们可以喝点龙舌酒了我知道我可以38. Who's doing shots?Hit me.谁要来一杯我要谁要来一杯我要39. We kind of just, you know,lost track of time.我们有点忘了时间我们有点忘了时间40. What is with you tonight? 你今晚怎么了?41. No. It's the one he's licking.是因为被他舔的人是因为被他舔的人42. She's supposed to be with you.她应该和你在一起她应该和你在一起43. The girl on the cover with her nipples showing?因为封面上的辣妹露两点?44. No, because I know how to write men that women fall in Iove with.不,因为我知道该如何描写让女人陷入爱河的男人写让女人陷入爱河的男人45. Come on.The guy's a secondary character.他不过是个二等货他不过是个二等货 46. He's just a complication you eventually kill off.不过是最后被你终结的纠葛不过是最后被你终结的纠葛 47. I'II just pee in the street.我到街上尿就好了我到街上尿就好了48. We don't need to tell Chandler.It was just a kiss. No big deal, right?因为我想不需告诉他只是个吻,没什么大不了的没什么大不了的49. In bizarro world.50. You broke the code.你违反规定你违反规定51. What are you guys doing out here? 你们在外面干什么?52. But apparently somebody overslept.显然有人睡过头显然有人睡过头53. you don't have your racquet.,你没带球?ræk ɪt54. I' m scum.我是人渣我是人渣55. It's not Iike she's a regular mom.她不像是一般的妈妈她不像是一般的妈妈56. not in the same way.57. You think it's easy giving birth to seven children?你认为生7个小孩是件容易的事? 58. Okay, I think we're getting into a weird area here.我们愈谈愈离谱了我们愈谈愈离谱了59. Sounds like you two have issues.你们似乎有点争执你们似乎有点争执60. I just thought I'd stop by, 没事,我只是顺路我只是顺路 61. Do you come here a lot...你常自己来?62. How would I know? I wasn't here.我怎会知道?我又没来我又没来63. I don't know if you noticed,but he drank a Iot.对,我不知道你是否注意到他喝了很多酒我不知道你是否注意到他喝了很多酒 64. I had too much tequila65. But nothing happened.但没发生什么事但没发生什么事66. You knew about this?你知道这件事?67. You're Iucky I caught them, or else who knows what would've happened?他们被我逮到算你幸运不然后果可不堪设想幸运不然后果可不堪设想68. No one knows the crap I go through with my mom more than you.我和我妈之间的鸟事朋友中属你最清楚了中属你最清楚了69. You're going to the hospital tonight?No. You? 你今晚要去医院吗?没有,你呢? 70. You just asked me.你刚问过了你刚问过了71. Maybe it was a trick question.好吧,或许这是个圈套或许这是个圈套72. Here's my mom and dad on their wedding day.这是我爸妈在婚礼时照的这是我爸妈在婚礼时照的73. I can't believe we have this conversation74. Long as you have brain waves I'll be there to hold your hand=只要你一息尚存我就会在一旁守候旁守候 75. I expect this from her.我希望她亲口告诉我我希望她亲口告诉我76. Then why don't you say something? 你为何不找她谈谈?77. We' re rehearsing a Greek play.我们正在排练希腊剧我们正在排练希腊剧78. Are we done now? 排练完没?79. You mean you' re not gonna tell her how you feel?还没,你不找她谈?不说出你的感受? 80. What did you do with him?你对他怎么了?81. A little woozy, but basically okay.头有点晕,基本上还行基本上还行82. I've been taking care for you.我一直在照顾你我一直在照顾你83. I got you the foot massager.我替你做脚底按摩我替你做脚底按摩84. So I guess I'II see you around.我想那就再见了我想那就再见了85. I don't think you mean that.一点诚意都没有一点诚意都没有 86. This is so typical.男生都这样男生都这样87. coma kom koməə88. Autographed.亲笔签名的亲笔签名的89. Anything you want from Lisbon? 需要我在里斯本帮你买什么吗?90. I promise it will never happen again.我保证不会再发生这种事我保证不会再发生这种事91. He told her off 他说了.92. That makes more sense.这样比较合理这样比较合理93. They're walking away.他们走过来他们走过来94. Wait, I just got to the part about her "public hair. "等等,我才刚刚看到她的"公共头发". 1. Ross, did you really read all these baby books?罗斯,你真的把所有婴儿书都读了? 2. And we're done with the yogurt.呃这酸奶算是吃不下去了.3. I did this as a favor.I am not a caterer.我是为了帮你,我可不是承包宴席的.4. My sister's giving us her place for the weekend.我妹妹让我们去她那渡周末.5. It's a big step.进展了一大步进展了一大步6. Wasn't this supposed to be a fling?不是说就玩玩不认真的吗不是说就玩玩不认真的吗7. .Shouldn't it be..flung by now?这该玩完了吧-现在? 8. I'm physically nauseous.我本能的恶心我本能的恶心9. and Monica sends her love along with this lasagna.摩尼卡送爱心,送你这些面条. 10. Is it vegetarian? Because Susan doesn't eat meat.是素的吗,苏珊不吃肉.11. Totally and completely healthy.完全彻底的健康!12. When did you and Susan meet Huey Lewis?你和苏珊什么时候认识的休伊.路易斯? 13. You know the sex of the baby? 你知道孩子的性别了?14. your folks 你的家人?你的家人?15. is it what we thought it would be?那么,我们猜的对吗?16. I know all about Kip.我知道提普所有的事我知道提普所有的事17. I don't mean to sound unprofessional!我不想表现的不专业我不想表现的不专业18. I' m just out of sorts.有点烦有点烦 19. I rarely use them.我很少用到我很少用到20. it closes at seven 七点钟关门七点钟关门21. l' m familiar with his work.我了解他那点把戏的我了解他那点把戏的22. He made a move on me.他调戏我.23. I dealt with it like a professional.我很专业的处理了这件事我很专业的处理了这件事24. What'll you do?You have to tell her.那么你打算怎么办?你必须告诉她! 25. It's your moral obligation as a friend,这是道德上的义务,作为朋友作为朋友26. It's a feminist issue feminist27. That's where I went.这是我的观点!28. Will you pick one?Just pick one.你挑一个, 挑一个!29. l' m getting ready for the weekend.我在为周末出行做准备.30. Are your weekends longer than two days?你的周末不止两天.31. These aren't all my suitcases.这不全是我的行李.32. Paolo's on his way over 保罗正在来的路上.33. We haven't known each other that long time 我们认识还不长,34. my friends are the most important thing in my life.朋友是我生命中最重要的朋友是我生命中最重要的 35. I never lie.我从不说谎, 36. I don't make them a lot, because it's not fair to the other cookies.我不经常做因为我想我不经常做因为我想这对别的饼干来说不太公平别的饼干来说不太公平37. It's the most beautiful table I've seen.我想这是我见过的最漂亮的桌子.38. Paolo made a pass at me.保罗调戏我.39. I feel so stupid! I think about the other day with you guys.我真太蠢了!我想起来那天我想起来那天 40. If I had never met him41. How did I not see this? 为什么我看不出来?42. Should I not have told you? 我应该瞒着你吗?43. Trust me, it's much better that I know.相信我,让我知道是对的.44. But I just liked it better before.只是我更喜欢以前那样.45. We should go and see if she's okay.Just one second.我们应该过去,看看她有没有事稍等片刻46. Well, it looks like we kicked your butts.看起来,我们打得你们屁滚尿流.47. Two on one.二对一二对一48. She just broke up with him.她刚和那男的分手她刚和那男的分手49. It's time for you to swoop in.该你趁虚而入啦! 50. Now is when you swoop.现在正是时候!51. She's distraught.You' re there for her.她现在很烦恼.你就在那陪伴她. d ɪstr ɔ:t 52. You pick up the pieces and then you usher in "The Age of Ross. "你帮她承担所有烦恼,然后你就走向了罗斯时代!53. How's it going?-Don't stare.怎么样了?-别盯着看.54. She threw his clothes off the balcony.现在她刚把他的衣服从阳台上扔下去现在她刚把他的衣服从阳台上扔下去55. Now there's gesturing and arm-waving.现在是他们比比画画现在是他们比比画画56. Paolo, I really hate you for what you did to Recheal 保罗,我非常憎恨你对瑞秋做的事, 57. Guys, I think only one of us should go...o she's not overwhelmed 伙计们,我认为最好我们中的只去一个,这样她就不会接受不了这样她就不会接受不了58. And I really think it should be me.而且那个人应该是我. 59. I've been better.我好点了...60. I wasn't supposed to care about this guy.我本不该在意这个小伙.61. It was just supposed to be this big, fun, ltalian thing.就像是个搞笑的大个子意大利家伙就像是个搞笑的大个子意大利家伙 62. you deserve so much better than him.他远远配不上你...63. you should be with a guy who knows what he has when he has you.你应该找一个能明白你应该找一个能明白64. 有你是多么幸福的人. 65. I' m so sick of guys! I don't want to look at or think about another guy. 我讨厌死男人了,我也不想考虑别的男人也不想考虑别的男人66. Any cookies left? 还有饼干吗?67. I don't think swearing off guys altogether is the answer.我不认为发誓再不要男人是个好答案68. What you need is to develop a more sophisticated screening process.我认为你需要建立一个先进的筛选程序.69. I just need to be by myself for a while.我只想先单身一阵,70. I just gotta figure out what I want.我得先弄明白我想要什么样的我得先弄明白我想要什么样的71. See, because not all guys out there are gonna be a Paolo.因为不是所有人都像保罗. 72. We already knew that! 我们已经知道了! 73. And that would be a shutdown! 这样一局又就结束了!74. Where you going? One more game!你们去哪?来呀,再来一局!75. It's 2:30 in the mornin!现在是凌晨2:30!76. You guys always hang out in my apartment.你们可老是到我那屋去泡着!77. I'll only use my left hand.来吧, 我就用左手,78.1. You barge in here and you don't knock? 你不敲门就闯进来?2. You have no respect for privacy.难道你不尊重别人的隐私权?3. Honey, tell them the story about your patient...亲爱的,告诉他们你的病人告诉他们你的病人4. When the phone rings and she takes a shower.例如电话响时她就去洗澡例如电话响时她就去洗澡5. That's pretty much it.差不多是那样差不多是那样6. But you tell it really well,sweetie.但你说得很好但你说得很好7. he's not too shrinky. Shrink 心理医生心理医生8. We're all out 卖完了卖完了9. she's still upset because I saw her boobies.她很生气因为我看见她的胸脯她很生气因为我看见她的胸脯10. What were you doing seeing her boobies?你看她的胸脯干吗? 11. Can we change the subject, please? 能换个话题吗?12. It seems that maybe you have intimacy issues...你似乎有亲密上的问题ɪnt ntəəm əsi 13. I mean,I just met you.我才刚认识你我才刚认识你14. Parents divorced before you hit puberty.父母在你青春期前离婚?15. Only child,right?独子?16. How long are you in the city?打算在纽约待多久?17. just a couple of days. I got a job middle town18. I'm better off staying with Joey..than going back and forth on the ferry..我想和乔伊同住比来回坐渡轮好回坐渡轮好19. 0 for 2,huh? 两人出局了?20. I made the appointment with Dr.Bassida and 我和包西达大夫约了时间我和包西达大夫约了时间 21. Remember when you were a kid,I'd take you to the navy yard?show you the big boat 记得小时候我常带你去海军军港看大船22. I wanted you to think of a nice memory 我只想勾起你美好的回忆我只想勾起你美好的回忆23. Chopping garlic 切大蒜切大蒜24. You're having an affair 你搞外遇你搞外遇25. It's a wacky world 真是个古怪的世界. 26. Joe,you ever been in love?乔伊,你爱过吗?27. Your dad's in love bigtime 乔,你老爸爱得无法自拔你老爸爱得无法自拔28. It's like if you woke up and found out....your dad leads this double life.这就像你某天起床突然发现你爸是个双面人然发现你爸是个双面人29. He's like actually some spy working for the ClA.就像是为中情局工作的间谍就像是为中情局工作的间谍 30. That'd be cool.那一定很酷那一定很酷31. This blows!但这个很烂但这个很烂32. Do you think Dad cheated?你以为爸爸骗你吗?33. Didn't you get a good enough look? 那一天你还看得不够吗?34. We're all adults here. There's only one way to resolve this.我们都已是成年人此事只有一个解决之道解决之道 35. Since you saw her boobies you have to show her your pee-pee.既然你看过她的胸脯你应该让她看你的小弟弟让她看你的小弟弟36. Tit for tat37. Come on up.快上来.38. So he was a little analytical.因为他太善于分析因为他太善于分析39. he's not that bad.他没那么糟他没那么糟40. Maybe low self-esteem?或许自信心不足或许自信心不足41. Maybe to compensate for overshadowing a sibling. Maybe 或许是弥补你让你妹相形见绌的愧疚愧疚42. all these years, I thought you were on my side.多年来我以为你支持我多年来我以为你支持我43. sucked up to Mom and Dad 想巴结爸妈想巴结爸妈44. That's tough tough stuff.那滋味不好受那滋味不好受45. You're so much cuter than your pictures.你此照片上帅多了你此照片上帅多了46. Or jumping to catch a Frisbee.跳起接住飞盘跳起接住飞盘47. I think you'd need it tomorrow for you meeting.我想你明天用得上我想你明天用得上48. I shouldn't have come.我不该来这儿我不该来这儿 49. I better go.I'll miss the train.我该走了,我不想错过最后一班地铁我不想错过最后一班地铁50. We'll go to a hotel.我们去住旅馆我们去住旅馆51. I want you here so I can keep an eye on you.我要你们待在这儿,这样我就可以监视这样我就可以监视 52. As long as you are under my roof...you're gonna live by my rules=只要住在我家—切就得听我的我的53. Then come clean with Ma!This is not right!不然就是向妈自首,这样是不对的这样是不对的 54. I don't wanna hear it!…我不想听Now go to my room!快进我房里快进我房里55. I always figured,when the right one comes along...I'll be able to go the distance.因为我总想梦中情人出现时,我就会勇往直前,坚持到最后坚持到最后56. When they all wanted you in your father's business,did you cave? 洞穴,屈服。
高等真核生物中重叠基因研究进展
拼起来的课程论文主干部分忘了是哪个高人写的了- -高等真核生物中重叠基因研究进展〔摘要〕基因重叠是高等真核生物中一种普遍存在的基因组排现象.综述了高等真核生物中的重叠基因的分类、数量、互补或自然反义转录本(NATs)可能的生物特性和功能及重叠基因与人类疾病的关系.〔关键词〕真核生物;重叠基因;反义转录本;双链RNA(dsRNA);基因调控真核生物的细胞内含有成形的细胞核,因此以真核来命名这一类细胞。
许多真核细胞中还含有其它细胞器,如线粒体、叶绿体、高尔基体等,是所有单细胞或多细胞的、其细胞具有细胞核的生物的总称,它包括所有动物、植物、真菌和其他具有由膜包裹着的复杂亚细胞结构的生物。
[1]重叠基因是指两个或两个以上的基因共有一段DNA序列,或指一段DNA序列为两个或两个以上基因的组成部分.1976年在噬菌体ΦΧ174中第一次发现重叠基因[2].这种单链噬菌体中,相同的DNA序列通过不同的阅读框被识别,产生不同的多肽.随后的几年中,在病毒和原核生物基因组中又发现了几对具有不同互补编排的重叠基因.在ΦΧ174中发现基因重叠10年后,真核生物(果蝇和小鼠)中也发现了转录引起的重叠单位,植物中也鉴定出一些重叠基因.由于新基因对是在研究特殊位点时偶然发现的,重叠基因对的增长相对稳定而缓慢.同时,仅有能够产生自然反义转录本(NATs,NaturalAntisenseTranscripts)的少数基因对被进一步研究并确定其特性.由于数据库和查找标准不同,真核生物重叠基因出现的频率约为:人类基因组中4%~9%,鼠类基因组中1.7%~14%,蝇类基因组中达到22%,重叠长度从20到3400bp,平均为372bp.重叠基因在真核生物中普遍存在并已有很多报道,但直到最近它的重要性才被认识到.笔者从高等真核生物重叠基因在分类、数量、NATs可能的生物特性和功能,以及这些基因与人类疾病等几方面进行阐述.1重叠基因的种类和数量重叠基因(everlapping gene):指两个或两个以上的结构基因共同一段DNA顺序的现象重叠基因原核生物和一些病毒或噬菌体的基因组比较小,核苷酸对是极其有限的,那么怎样有效地利用这些有限碱基来编码更多的遗传信息呢?在生物中存在着一种十分巧妙的机制——重叠基因(overlapping gene)。
毕业论文翻译实践报告
毕业论文翻译实践报告毕业论文翻译报告本科毕业论文中文题目:《严肃点,我在开玩笑》(第一至三章)翻译报告外文题目: A Translation Project Report of Seriously, I’m 院系英语学院专业英语(翻译)年级学号xxxxxxxxxxxx学生姓名xxx指导教师xxx结稿日期2014年4月30日《严肃点,我在开玩笑》(第一至三章)翻译报告摘要本文是一篇翻译报告,翻译项目原文为美国著名日间节目主持人艾伦·德杰尼勒斯的《严肃点,我在开玩笑》(Seriously, I’m Kidding )第一至第三章节。
该作品的风格简单,语言朴实,无华丽辞藻的修饰,就是艾伦的随笔杂文,在书中表达了自己对社会某些现状的看法,对人应该具有的品质的想法等,表达口语化但又幽默风趣,正如她的脱口秀一样,富含美式幽默,如和读者进行面对面的交流。
同时,因该书语言较口语化,且因中美文化差异和思维方式的不同,对其中的某些语句不能完全领悟,所以很多西方国家的人觉得非常好笑的事情,我们却不能够完全领会其中的趣味。
所以该翻译报告的目的与意义就是在翻译过程中更好的了解中美文化差异,获得更多的翻译经验,以及有关翻译理论和实践的思考,分析文化差异与文化背景对语句理解,意义传达所造成的影响,希望通过自己的翻译实践心得,更好的理解这本书中蕴含的美国文化与幽默。
本翻译报告分为四部分。
第一,翻译项目介绍,包括项目背景、项目意义与报告结构。
第二,原作背景介绍,包括作者介绍、原文版本、主要内容介绍以及原文分析。
第三,翻译难点与翻译方法,包括翻译之前的准备工作,以及举例说明翻译过程中采用的翻译方法。
第四,总结翻译过程中的经验教训以及仍待解决的问题。
关键词:翻译报告;杂文翻译;翻译方法;直译;意译AcknowledgmentsThe paper benefited from my teacher and roommates. I could never finish thepaper without their help. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to them.On the completion of thesis, first and foremost, I would like to express myheartfelt gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Zhao Huijun, forher supervisor encouragement, guidance, care and valuable suggestions in the period of writing. During this time, my supervisor also gave me some contributed thoughtful insights, and these will be of great benefit to my future writing work. That help me a lot.My special thanks should go to all the participants of the present study. What I can never forget is the days spent with my roommates. Their warmestconcern, firmest encouragement and sincere friendship have always been with me during these four years.I thanks them all from the bottom of my heart. Their kindness and generositywould stay in my mind all my life.目录摘要i 致谢ii第一章引言11.1 项目目标11.2 项目背景11.3 项目意义1第二章原文背景22.1 关于作者22.2 关于原文22.2.1 原文版本22.2.2 主要内容22.2.3 原文分析3第三章翻译难点与翻译方法43.1 翻译难点43.2 准备工作43.3 翻译方法43.3.1 直译与意译43.3.2 增补法63.3.3 顺译法73.3.4 变序法73.3.5 其他翻译方法73.4 小结8第四章总结94.1 翻译经验 94.2 翻译教训 94.3 仍待解决的问题9 注释11 参考文献12 附录 1 原文13 附录 2 译文23毕业论文翻译实践报告篇二:翻译实践报告论文大二的下学,我的职责是俄语翻译,翻译一些资料。
格罗夫斯-克拉克机制理论及其修正
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假设 V、 ( Y ) 是严格 凹 的函数 , C ( Y )是 凸 函
意力集 中在经 济周 期 的 治理 上 , 而 应 着力 促 进 发 展 新技 术 的各 种政策 , 忙于 进行 “ 微 调 ” 和 寻 求操 纵 “ 软 着陆 ” 的 方法 是不对 的 。 政 府应少 投 资基础设 施 , 使 基础设施 投资 私人化 是正 确的选择 。 政府 应补 贴 以 大学为基地 的科学 和技 术 的 开 发 , 或建 立 法律 框架 以鼓励 风险资 本和 资本 的 自由流动 等 。 对 于 科 技政 策 , 罗 默认为 大学 的作用 在 于 探索基 本 的概念 , 着眼 国 家 的安全 和 需要 , 追 求 长远 利 益 。 大 学 不应 以 商 业 和经济 为 目的 , 应给大 学提供 良好 的环境 , 不 能把 大学里 的研 究推 向私人 部 门。
1毕业论文-多肽的固相合成及固相反应在多肽合成中的应用详解
分类号:O622.5单位代码:10452毕业论文多肽的固相合成及固相反应在多肽合成中的应用姓名薛立英学号201110830203年级2011级专业制药工程系(院)药学院指导教师李振李冀伟2015年4月10日摘要为研究多肽的固相合成工艺,并为工业化合成目标多肽提供理论依据。
本实验采用Fmoc固相合成法,以2-Cl-Trt树脂作为固相载体,以FMOC-L-LYS(Boc)-OH、FMOC-L-ALA-OH和FMOC-L-PRO-OH为原料合成目标产物五肽,将反应时间和反应温度作为控制反应的条件。
实验得出最适合的合成条件为,0℃投入反应,在室温下分别搅拌5 h,过夜;目标产物五肽的最终纯度可达100.0%。
该合成方法操作简便、产率高,可用于工业化合成多肽。
关键词:2-Cl-Trt树脂;固相载体;FMOC-L-LYS(Boc)-OH;FMOC-L-ALA-OH;有机合成;FMOC-L-PRO-OHABSTRACTTo study the artwork of solid phase synthesis of polypeptide,and to provide the theoretical basis for industrialization synthesis of objective ing Fmoc solid phase synthesis method,with 2-Cl-Trt resin as solid phase carrier,and with FMOC-L-LYS(Boc)-OH、FMOC-L-ALA-OH and FMOC-L-PRO-OH as raw material to synthesis of target products.The orthogonal experiments were put forward by discussing and comparing some reaction conditions such as time and temperature.Results:Optimal conditions:0℃in reaction,respectively mixing five hours,at room temperature for the night.This method is easy to operate and has high product rate,can be applied on the large scale.Key words: 2-Cl-Trt resin;solid phase carrier;FMOC-L-LYS(Boc)-OH;organic synthesis;FMOC-L-ALA-OH;FMOC-L-PRO-OH目录1 引言 (1)2 实验部分 (2)2.1 主要试剂、仪器和其他物品 (2)2.1.1 实验试剂 (2)2.1.2 实验仪器 (3)2.1.3 其他物品 (3)2.2树脂的选择 (3)2.3 合成方法 (3)2.3.1 总反应方程式 (3)2.3.2 以 FMOC-L-LYS(Boc)-OH为起始原料 (4)2.3.3 以FMOC-L-ALA-OH为原料 (4)2.3.4 以FMOC-L-PRO-OH为原料 (4)2.3.5 树脂的切割 (5)2.4 LC-MS检测分析 (5)3 结果与讨论 (5)3.1 图谱分析 (5)3.2 讨论 (12)4 结语 (12)参考文献 (13)谢辞 (14)1 引言多肽是一种涉及生物体内各种细胞功能的生物活性物质,它是由多种氨基酸按照一定的排列顺序通过肽键结合而成,其分子结构介于氨基酸和蛋白质之间的一类化合物。
玻尔原子理论的发展论文
代入电子能量的表达式可以得到电子运动的轨道半径: rn= 1 e2 2 n 4π ξ 0 2Rhc (8)
(3)结果 根据以上条件可以计算出,电子的能量: mee4 1 1 En==- me(α c)2 2 8n2h2ξ 02 n2 其中 α 是精细结构常数,其大小约为 1/137。 电子的轨道半径: n2ξ 0h2 rn= π mee2
玻尔原子理论的发展
0.引言
玻尔原子理论是丹麦物理学家尼尔斯·玻尔(Niels Bohr,1885 年 10 月 7 日-1962 年 11 月 18 日)于 1913 年提出的关于氢原子结构的模型。对于稍微复杂一点的原子如氦 原子,玻尔理论就无法解释它的光谱现象,这说明玻尔理论还没有完全揭示微观粒子运动 的规律。通过玻尔原子理论发展历程的研究,揭示了人们认识客观世界的科学思维和研究 方法也在不断的演变,同时也体现了人类认识客观世界的手段和工具的进化,以及科学研 究方法演变和突破。
I
玻尔原子理论的发展
Abstract
The Bohr atom theory is the important achievements in the early 20th century physics, has a profound influence on atomic physics. With the development of human social practice, Bohr atom theory is changing, as the research content and scope of its research in development. To review the development process of Bohr atom theory, we not only to appreciation and memorial, more important is to learn valuable experience and enlightenment, to grasp the future development of science and the Chinese nation to us. Key words: Bohr,Bohr atom theory,Quantum mechanics,The development of Bohr atom theory
论文不能违背伦理
论文不能违背伦理学术论文署名不仅是一个学术规范问题,同时也涉及到法律问题。
一方面,在论文中随意署名,会使得作者的真实贡献无法得到体现,容易挫伤研究人员的学术积极性,扰乱学术秩序,长此以往不利于学术活动的正常进行。
另一方面,论文署名关系到作者是否获得由署名带来的相应荣誉及相关利益,以及是否履行学术论文在政治、经济、道德等方面的责任。
对此,2010年我国最新修正的《著作权法》规定:“两人以上合作创作的作品,著作权由合作作者共同享有。
没有参加创作的人,不能成为合作作者。
”国家科技部在2019年发布了《科研诚信案件调查处理规则(试行)》,其中明确规定“违反奖励、专利等研究成果署名及论文发表规范”属于科研失信行为。
可见,论文署名是一个十分严肃的问题,须加以重视。
然而,尽管当前的学术规范制度已日益严格,但论文署名违规事件依然层出不穷。
如韩国的“黄禹锡造假事件”、“武汉理工大学论文抄袭事件”、“辽宁大学论文抄袭事件”等。
此外,国外某篇论文竟同时列出了5154名作者。
从这些事件的背后可以看出署名违规包括诸多具体的情形,如名人署名、捉刀署名、僭越署名等。
当前的论文署名违规现象已十分严重,学术界对此也愈来愈关注,然而关于署名违规,目前仍然是一个比较模糊的概念,缺乏准确、统一的定义。
1署名不实的定义对于名人署名、捉刀署名、僭越署名等署名违规现象。
有学者将其概括为署名不当[7-10]、署名不端[11-13]。
其中,王银花认为署名不当是指侵占他人成果使应署名者未被署名、在他人论文中“搭便车”、在专家无贡献的情况下擅自将其署名以提升论文知名度。
然而,无论是署名不当,还是署名不端,均不够恰当。
基于以下原因,笔者认为采取署名不实的概念更为准确。
首先,署名不当虽常见于当前众多学术规范文件和文献中,但仅从字面上理解,可看出其存在淡化危害的嫌疑。
因为在论文中随意署名,易挫伤研究人员的学术积极性,仅用“不当”来形容署名违规的严重性,在程度上显得较轻。
我的陪读妈妈第十六节英语作文
我的陪读妈妈第十六节英语作文英文回答:As a high school student in the United States, I am fortunate to have my mother陪读 with me. She has made a significant sacrifice by leaving her job and family behindin our home country to provide me with the best possible education. Her presence has been an invaluable support system for me both academically and personally.One of the most significant benefits of having mymother陪读 is the academic support she provides. She is always willing to help me with my homework, review for tests, and proofread my essays. Her expertise in Englishand her familiarity with the American educational system have been invaluable resources for me. Beyond the classroom, my mother also encourages me to participate inextracurricular activities and explore my interests, which has helped me to develop as a well-rounded individual.Furthermore, my mother's presence has provided me with emotional support and guidance. She is always there to listen to my concerns, offer encouragement, and help me navigate the challenges of living in a foreign country. Her love and support have given me the confidence to embrace new experiences and step outside of my comfort zone.In addition to the academic and emotional benefits, having my mother陪读 also has cultural advantages. She has shared with me her experiences and perspectives on life in our home country, which has broadened my understanding of the world and fostered a greater appreciation for different cultures.Overall, my mother's陪伴 has been an incredibly enriching experience. Her support, guidance, and love have been essential to my success as a student and as a person.I am deeply grateful for her presence in my life and for the invaluable contributions she has made to my education and personal growth.中文回答:作为一名在美国的高中生,我很幸运地有母亲陪读。
Unit 9-Unit 11 作文 22-23人教版英语九年级全册
stupid.They fight a lot, but they really love each other. Sometimes they protect each other and work
together. I love it because it makes me laugh when I watch them. Laughing for an hour is a good way to
套用句型:
做...是一个好主意:It’s a good idea to...你应该/不应该...:You
should/shouldn’t ...你最好...:You’d better do ...做...是礼貌的/不礼貌的:
It’s polite/impolite to do...
It’s also thought to be
风俗习惯:
1.如果有年长者在桌上,我们应该让他们先吃: if there are olds at the table, we should let them eat first2. 你不应该敲空碗,发出噪音:you are not supposed to make a noise by hitting an empty bowl.3. 你不被允许把筷子戳到饭里面:you are not allowed to stick your chopsticks in rice.4. 嘴里塞满东西讲话是愚蠢的一种选择,是不礼貌的:It is not a wise choice to speak with a full mouth, which is impolite5.第一次见面的时候中国人要握 手: Chinese shake hands when we meet for the first time6. 用筷子指着别人是不礼貌的: It’s not polite to point chopsticks at others7. 当你去朋友的家里时,你应该先敲门。直到 主人说进来,你才可以可以进来。When you go to your friends’ house, you should knock at the door. You are not supposed to come in until the host says “come in”.
汉英定语、状语位置比较及翻译-比较语言学论文-语言学论文
汉英定语、状语位置比较及翻译-比较语言学论文-语言学论文——文章均为WORD文档,下载后可直接编辑使用亦可打印——摘要:本文分析了汉英两种语言的定语和状语在句中的不同位置以及汉英在定语状语方面的互译情况,以期给汉英学习者和翻译者提供一些启发。
关键词:语序; 定语; 状语; 翻译;一、语序所谓语序是指人们在组合语言单位时的排列顺序。
各民族思维模式不同, 语序也就不同。
汉语民族的思维模式是:动作的主体动作的标志主体动作动作的客体, 所以, 汉语句子呈现出主语+状语+谓语+宾语的顺序。
英语民族的思维模式是:动作的主体主体动作动作的客体动作的标志, 所以, 英语句子呈现出主语+谓语+宾语+状语的顺序(金鑫, 2011:7) 。
这两种不同的思维模式对汉英两种语言语序有所影响, 主要体现在定语和状语在句中不同的位置上。
二、汉英定语位置对比及翻译(一) 汉英定语位置对比定语是用来修饰名词或代词的, 也就是用来修饰主语和宾语的成分。
汉语的定语一般放在所修饰词的前面, 即前置定语。
英语的定语有两种情况:以一个单词作定语时, 一般放在所修饰词前;以短语或句子作定语时, 一般放在所修饰词后。
例如:(1) 蓝天, 白云。
(前置定语)Blue sky, white cloud. (前置定语)(2) 长城与黄河、长江一起, 成为了中华民族的象征。
(前置定语) (陈毅平, 2014:37)It has become a symbol of the Chinese nation along with the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. (后置定语)(3) 今天我们看到的长城主要建于明代。
(前置定语) (陈毅平, 2014:37)The Great Wall we see today was mostly built during the Ming Dynasty. (后置定语)在英语中, 单词作定语时也有放在所修饰词后面的情况。
英语作文换工作的原因4篇
英语作文换工作的原因4篇以下是网友分享的关于英语作文换工作的原因的资料4篇,希望对您有所帮助,就爱阅读感谢您的支持。
英语作文换工作的原因篇1The reasons why college students’English level drops ——10120423杨杰I think many people among we university students were very good at English, but now the fact that we have to admit is our English level drops down sharply, compared with in senior high school ---we forget many basis words and grammars so that we cannot understand the meaning when we read, and we can ’t write a whole assay without “B aidu” or “Youdao ”,and we still cannot talk with foreign people. How terrible! We have been studying English fromthe primary school even the kindergarten. Why does the situation happen? In my opinion, it’s relevant to the education system, teachers’teaching methods and individual effort level.China ’s education system is more of a text and people focus on scores and ranking. Our education system ignores the cultivation of students’self-study ability so that it’s hard to develop a self-study habit for completely free university students. On the other hand, most universities just set up basic English courses and lack of specialized English courses. Basic English learning is apart from daily study because most of courses are Chinese, then it could bring up the thought----“English is not useful”.T eachers’teaching methods is another important side. Many teachers ’helplessness and negativity when they face to students’lack of enthusiasm and positivity in English learning make the efficiency of teaching low. Some other teachers just teach what text books say which students think is boring and outdated. In addition, the contents of courses may be advancing for students.Last and most crucial aspect is individual effort level. Although the education system and the teachers’teachingmethods are not very satisfied, yet the dropping of English level is caused by our own sloth ultimately. Firstly, when we find the different teaching way between the senior high school and the university, we always complain instead of changing our learning methods actively. Secondly, we spend little time in studying English, so it’s no wonder that our English level drops. Thirdly, we don’t realize the importance of English so we just make effort at the last moment.What a pity if we just exactly pass CET4 and CET6 after so many years of English study. Learning a language well is not easy. Therefore, if we want to be good at English, not only our country should change the education system, our teachers consider new teaching methods, butalso we stud ents must be more diligent because “No pain, No gains”.英语作文换工作的原因篇2说明原因型12. It is clear that (XX的第一个优点). If you (支持XX的做法), as a result, your dreams will come true. On the contrary, if you (不支持XX的做法).Failure will befollowing with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that (XX的第二个优点).You don’t have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (举例证明优点二).It will exert a profound influence upon (说明XX优点三的影响).3. With reference to my standpoint, I think (结论). Generation gap between parents and children Nowadays , there are more and more misunderstanding between parents and children which is so- called generation gap .It is estimated that (75 percent of parents often complain their children’ s unreasonable behavior while children usually think their parents too old fashioned).说明原因31. For most of us today, (人们针对XX的态度和举措).2. From above, we can find that the reasons why (归纳现状)are as follows. The primary reason, I think, is (第一个原因).Second, (第二个原因). The third reason, actually, is (第三个原因).3. The significance for (改善现状的意义). Therefore, (我的建议).Pollution• Most of us today(recognizing that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem. Lots of plants trees corps are destroyed by bad air. A lot of fish die of poisonous water. Thousands of people die from eating poisoned fish or breathing in polluting gas. Therefore , environmental pollution should be responsible for these diseases that are disabling ,or bringing death not only to human beings ,but also to wild life.)• From above, we can find that the reasons why (environment is polluted more and more seriously )• are as follows. The primary reason, I think , is(the release of harmful substances into environment. For example, to prevent insects, farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests. However ,they pollute air, water and land ).• Second,(the gas emitted from the car engines and factories also make environment polluted badly ).The third reason actually is(the result of a growing population in the world. Everyday, so much litter and waste are poured out from houses, alsopollute the environment ).The significance fornoted that it’s high time that more effective measures should be taken. Therefore,(new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories. Moreover, in the households, there is an obvious need to reduce litter and waste. Let’s make our good efforts, and the world will be a safer place to live in for us ).说明原因41. These days we often hear that (提出论题).It is common that (说明现状).2. Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, (理由一).For another, (理由二). What is more, since (理由三),it is natural that (理由三的后果).3. T o solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worth trying. We should do something such as (解决方法) to improve the present situation, and I do believe everything will bebetter in the future.对比观点式议论文1• There is no consensus of opinions among people as to whether(提出主题). Some peopleare of the view that (观点一), while others take an opposite stand, firmly believing that (观点二).• Those people who maintain that (观点一) believe that (解释一). They also claim that(解释二).• Nevertheless, the other people who contend that (观点二) argue that (解释一). They alsopoint out that (解释二).• As far as I am co ncerned, the former / latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing,(原因一). For another, (原因二). When all the factors are examined, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that (结论对比观点式议论文4• There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点). Some people areof the view that 观点1,while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. Thereasons are obvious.• First of all, 论据1. Furthermore, 论据2. Among all of the supporting evidences, one isthe strongest. That is, 论据3.• A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点. As a college student, Iam supposed to 表决心. 或From above, we can predict that 预测.辩论式议论文5When it comes to ’s opinions differ. Many people believe that . For one thing, . For another,Some people, however, take a different attitude. They regard 反对意见的观点. In their views,由一. Furthermore, 理由二.As far as I am concerned, 作者自己的观点. On the one hand, 论点一. On the other hand, 论点二. So总结上文.辩论式议论文6• When asked文章主题, people have different opinions. Many people believe that 一些人的观点. On the one hand,理由一. On the other hand, 理由二. All these point to the indispensability of 主题词.• However, others claim that 另一些人的观点. As far asthey are concerned, 理由一.Moreover, • As for me, 作者自己的的观点. Because 论点一. What’s more, 论点二. Therefore,总结全文.My view on Job-hopping英语作文换工作的原因篇3What Causes Something New1. 近几年在社会上出现了2. 导致该现象的原因3. 分析该现象的社会影响一、写作模式Para.1: in…/ a … 2) According to…, people, especially and more interest in … 3) T o getPara. 2:4) A closer phenomenon can find that three main factors 5)In the first place, for which…(原因I) 6) In the second, 原因…(原因…, ,…Para. 3: 10) 分析I) 11) 分析II) 12) , , it will certainly … / is bound to…in the time to come.二、参考范文What Causes a Boom in Celebrating Foreign Festivals1. 近几年大学校园出现了一股过洋节热。
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目录摘要........................................... 错误!未定义书签。
Abstract ........................................ 错误!未定义书签。
第一章绪论部分. (3)1.1课题背景 (3)1.1.1 北京正负电子对撞机与谱仪 (3)1.1.2剂量率在线检测的意义................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
1.2剂量率探测器和温度探测器 ................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
1.2.1 剂量率探测器 (3)1.2.2温度探测器........................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
1.3论文主要工作 ......................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
第二章系统硬件设计.............................. 错误!未定义书签。
2.1剂量率和温度数据采集及A/D转换..................................... 错误!未定义书签。
2.2 FPGA逻辑电路...................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
2.3基于ColdFire5282的数据处理通信模块设计 ..................... 错误!未定义书签。
2.3状态指示电路 ......................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
2.4 接口电路................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
2.5 电源电路................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
第三章嵌入式uCLinux平台搭建 ..................... 错误!未定义书签。
3.1 建立交叉编译环境................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
3.2 BootLoder移植....................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
3.3 uCLinux内核移植.................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
3.4 根文件系统的制作................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
3.5 驱动程序................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
第四章下位机软件实现 ............................ 错误!未定义书签。
4.1 FPGA功能设计 .......................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
4.1.1FPGA与DDC118之间的通信 ........................................... 错误!未定义书签。
4.1.2 FPGA与MAX1246之间的通信4.1.3 FPGA与MCU之间的通信............................................. 错误!未定义书签。
4.2 MCU程序设计....................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
4.2.1 中断处理子程序............................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
4.2.2 通信及数据处理主程序................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
第五章上位机软件................................ 错误!未定义书签。
5.1 数据处理................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
5.2 在线显示................................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
5.3 数据库操作............................................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
第六章系统性能测试.............................. 错误!未定义书签。
6.1指标性能测试 ......................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
6.2测试数据分析 ......................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
6.2.1精度................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
6.2.2精密度............................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
6.2.3线性度............................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
6.3网络性能测试 ......................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
第七章 BESIII12通道剂量率系统的维护改进及数据分析... 错误!未定义书签。
7.1下位机与上位机之间的延时问题 ......................................... 错误!未定义书签。
7.1.1发现延时问题................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
7.1.2分析查找延时原因........................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
7.1.3修改程序解决问题........................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
7.2停机时分钟剂量率偶发漂移增长问题 ................................. 错误!未定义书签。
7.2.1发现问题........................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
7.2.2分析两年运行数据........................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
7.2.3解决问题(增加自动扣台阶功能)............................... 错误!未定义书签。
7.3去掉不必要的清零逻辑 ......................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
7.4 第1和2通道剂量率接触不良问题 ..................................... 错误!未定义书签。
第八章总结与展望................................ 错误!未定义书签。
8.1 本论文工作总结..................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
8.2 今后工作展望......................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
参考文献........................................ 错误!未定义书签。
攻读研究生期间发表的论文和科研成果................. 错误!未定义书签。
致谢.. (47)第一章绪论1.1课题背景1.1.1北京正负电子对撞机与谱仪北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)于1988年10月在中国科学院高能物理所建成。
它由注入器(BEL)、输运线、储存环、北京谱仪(BES)和同步辐射装置(BSRF)等几部分组成。
注入器是一台200米长的直线加速器,用于为储存环提供能量为 1.1~1.55GeV的正负电子束。