上海市崇明县2014届高三生物上学期期末考试试题(上海崇明一模)沪科版
2014年高考生物真题(上海卷)
2014年上海卷·生物试题一、选择题（共60分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）1．下列物质中同时含有磷和氮元素的是（）A．丙酮酸 B．核苷酸 C．氨基酸 D．脂肪酸2．在电子显微镜下，颤藻和水绵细胞中都能被观察到的结构是（）A．细胞核 B．核糖体 C．叶绿体 D．溶酶体3．下列生物过程中，属于营养繁殖的是（）A．面包酵母的出芽 B．蔷薇枝条扦插成株C．青霉的孢子生殖 D．草履虫的分裂生殖4．某亲本DNA分子双链均以白色表示，以灰色表示第一次复制出的DNA子链，以黑色表示第二次复制出的DNA子链，该亲本双链DNA分子连续复制两次后的产物是（）5．植物细胞具有发育为完整植株潜能的决定因素是（）A．细胞膜 B．细胞核 C．线粒体 D．叶绿体6．真核生物的核基因必须在mRNA形成之后才能翻译蛋白质，但原核生物的mRNA通常在转录完成之前便可启动蛋白质的翻译，针对这一差异的合理解释是（）A．原核生物的遗传物质是RNAB．原核生物的tRNA呈三叶草结构C．真核生物的核糖体可以进入细胞核D．真核生物的mRNA必须通过核孔后才能翻译7．控制传染源是抑制微生物传染病传播的重要措施，下列做法属于对传染源进行控制的是（）A．接种特效疫苗 B．设立隔离病房C．注射相应抗体 D．室内定期通风8．在真核细胞中，细胞分裂周期蛋白6（Cdc6）是启动细胞DNA复制的必需蛋白，其主要功能是促进“复制前复合体“形成，进而启动DNA复制。
参照图l所示的细胞周期，“复制前复合体”组装完成的时间点是（）A．1 B．2C．3 D．49．果蝇的长翅（V）对残翅（v）为显性。
在一个由600只长翅果蝇和400只残翅果蝇组成的种群中，若杂合子占所有个体的40%，那么隐性基因v在该种群内的基因频率为（）A．20% B．40%C．60% D．80%10．图2为果蝇X染色体的部分基因图，下列对此X染色体的叙述错误的是（）A．若来自雄性，则经减数分裂不能产生重组型配子B．若来自雌性，则经减数分裂能产生重组型配子C．若发生交换，则发生在X和Y的非姐妹染色单体之间D．若发生交换，图所示四个基因中，f与w基因间交换频率最高11．在一个典型的基因内部，转录起始位点（TSS）、转录终止位点（TTS）、起始密码子码序列（ATG）、终止密码子编码序列（TGA）的排列顺序是（）A．ATG—TGA—TSS—TTS B．TSS—ATG—TGA—TTSC．ATG—TSS—TTS—TGA D．TSS—TTS—ATG—TGA12．某病毒的基因组为双链DNA，其一条链上的局部序列为ACGCAT，以该链的互补链为模板转录出相应的mRNA，后者又在宿主细胞中逆转录成单链DNA（称为cDNA）。
上海市崇明县2014届高三上学期期末考试生物试题
崇明县2013学年第一学期期末考试试卷高三生命科学本试卷分为第I 卷（第1-5页）和第II 卷（第6-12页）两部分，全卷共12页。
满分150分。
考试时间为120分钟。
请将答案填写在答题纸上．．．．．．．．．。
第I 卷一、单选题（共60分，每小题只有一个正确选项，每题2分）1．生产实践中被广泛用于牛奶、奶酪、啤酒等产品的消毒方法是 ………………………（ ）A ．酒精消毒B ．巴氏消毒法C ．高压蒸汽灭菌D ．酒精灯火焰灼烧2．下列关于核酸的叙述，正确的是 …………………………………………………………（ ）A ．DNA 有氢键，RNA 没有氢键B ．病毒都有遗传物质DNA 和RNAC ．叶肉细胞既有DNA ，也有RNAD ．细胞器中只有核糖体含有RNA3．下图为四种不同微生物的比较结果，错误的是 …………………………………………（ ）4．下列有关细胞壁的说法正确的是 …………………………………………………………（ ）①所有生物的细胞壁都含有纤维素 ②纤维素使植物细胞壁具有一定韧性 ③细胞壁的合成与高尔基体有关 ④细胞壁对物质进出细胞具有选择透过性A ．①②B ．③④C ．②③D ．①④5．下列有关有丝分裂实验的操作及表述正确的是 …………………………………………（ ）A ．换用高倍镜时从侧面观察可以防止物镜与装片碰擦B ．由于处在分裂期细胞较少且小，观察时适当调节显微镜视野C ．为观察染色体不同层面的精细结构，用粗准焦螺旋调节焦距D ．一个视野中，用10⨯物镜看到8个细胞，用40⨯物镜则可看到32个细胞6 ）A ．能量1可能来自于有机物的氧化分解B ．图中能量2 来自于“①”和“②”被水解的过程C ．如果能量1只来自于光能，那么能量2只能用于C 3的还原D ．如果“①、②”都被水解，则水解的产物中有合成RNA 的原料7．将发芽的小麦种子“切碎→研磨”后制成匀浆样液。
在1、3、5号试管中分别加入2 mL 蒸馏水，2、4、6号试管中分别加入2 mL发芽的小麦种子匀浆样液，然后在1～4号试管中适量滴加班氏试剂，5、6号试管中合理滴加双缩脲试剂，摇匀。
上海市崇明县2014届高三第一学期期末考试英语试卷(纯word版)
崇明县2013学年第一学期期末考试试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection A(A)A friendly dog named Bonnie, who also happens to be deaf, is being praised by her owner for(25)_____(help) him catch a suspected intruder in their home.Dan Strasser said he heard Bonnie running around the living room at about 6 a.m. Saturday, so he got out of bed to see (26)_____ she was so excited. He said Bonnie didn’t bark or bite like a guard dog, but (27)_____ she behaved was enough to alert him.When Strasser walked into the living room, he caught the intruder (28)_____(try) to steal his computer. The man took off, but instead of running out of the back door (29)_____ he came in, he accidentally ran into the garage and (30)_____(seize) there.Strasser grabbed his gun and held the intruder in the garage while his girlfriend called 911. Police showed up and arrested the intruder, whom they later identified (31)_____ Thomas Lowell, who was accused in court Monday of burglary(入室行窃) and possession of drug. He is due back in court on Oct. 2nd.Strasser said Lowell got in through the back door, which he kept open at night so that Bonnie (32)_____ get into the backyard. He plans to keep it (33)_____(lock) from now on.(B)The first-ever American Laughing Championship is taking place in San Diego. The contest is the first national championship in the US, (34)_____ Canadian filmmaker, Albert Nerenberg, has previously organized national laughing contests in Canada and Japan and a state championship in California back in 2010. The contest requires the chosen laughers to face off against each other as the audience determines who has (35)_____(attractive) laugh. Daunte Reed is one of about twelve people competing in the contest. He is hoping to be a winner of the title of top laugher. “I’ve been told I hav e (36)_____ attractive laugh. (37)_____ doesn’t take much to make me laugh,” Reed said.The contest includes the belly laugh, the crazy laugh and the diabolical(魔鬼般的) laugh. The last one is the most challenging, according to Nerenberg, who said the goal is (38)_____(make) the audience laugh with your laugh. The solo(单独的) laughing requires a good voice. However, the other laugh styles require someone to get the audience laughing; a good diabolical laugh requires the laugher to infect himself and start laughing naturally,” he explained.“The person who wins isn’t always the best, but the top three people are always the best. It is more joy (39)_____ these people bring to the world. They tend to be happy types. We (40)_____(never have) a sad person win so far,” he added.高三英语共10页第1页The idea of the youth hostel(旅社) started with one man: Richard Schirrmann (1874-1961), a German school teacher, who felt that there was a need for overnight accommodation for his students in order that they could see new things and have new experiences outside the 41 .He felt that one learns by observing, and tried to make his dream come true in the year 1909, when he started providing accommodation for his students in inns, farmhouses and the like.The first youth hostel was opened in Schirrmann’s own school in Altena, after which it was 42 by a permanent hostel in Altena Castle. Schirrmann went on to 43 the German Youth Hostel Association in the year 1919. By this time, the idea of the youth hostel had 44 far and wide, all over the lands of Europe and further.And then, in the year 1932, a(n) 45 organization called the International Youth Hostel was founded in Amsterdam, which consisted of youth hostels from Switzerland, Germany, Poland, the Netherlands, Norway, Britain, Ireland, France, Czechoslovakia, Denmark and Belgium. Richard Schirrmann became its chairman in 1933.The idea of the youth hostel is for young people who are on nature trips to get 46 accommodation in exchange for some money and a helping hand with the domestic chores(家务活). These hostels were said to build character and a sense of independence, as the youth who stayed in them got the 47 to see how other people lived as well as to help to do work.Youth hostels are also places to meet and make new friends. They have no class 48 and everyone has to do their share. Here, wealth and position does not help you gain 49 , but friendliness does. The friendlier you are, the more you learn from the 50 of staying in a youth hostel.III. Reading Comprehension高三英语共10页第2页After trying the video conference, Diana Rae says she would be 62 to pay the $35 when she was recently home with a bad cold. “I would have paid twice that for the 63 of getting taken care of without having to sit in a waiting room, wait, and get 64 everyone else’s germs,” Rae said.Franciscan operates hospitals and clinics and has a deal with a company called Carena to add effective urgent care by Skype or phone. Carena is one of several companies doing this kind of work around the country. But a company official says state rules have not kept 65 with developments in telemedicine.51. A. rested B. existed C. survived D. vanished52. A. keeping B. occupying C. striking D. raising53. A. offer B. advertise C. prohibit D. criticize54. A. predicted B. published C. demonstrated D. claimed55. A. symptoms B. emotions C. medicines D. coughs56. A. mistake B. infection C. experience D. sense57. A. heart B. security C. drug D. health58. A. pay B. cancel C. replace D. include59. A. necessary B. smart C. hard D. safe60. A. hospitals B. doctors C. alternatives D. networks61. A. charges B. costs C. pays D. provides62. A. happy B. reluctant C. excited D. surprised63. A. delight B. convenience C. significance D. embarrassment64. A. infected with B. exposed to C. shocked at D. fascinated by65. A. contact B. company C. progress D. communicationSection B（A）At age 11, Zlata Filipovic saw things that most people pray they never see. Growing up in the middle of a war zone, this little girl experienced firsthand the horrors of war.Filipovic turned 11 in December of 1991. Five months later Serbian soldiers a ttacked Filipovic’s hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia. While many people fled the city, Filipovic’s family stayed. Some of the worst moments of the Bosnian conflict would take place right under her nose. How did Filipovic deal with his harrowing experience? By writing a diary.Zlata’s Diary was first published in the summer of 1993 by UNICEF (United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund). It attracted enormous interest. Her writings on the Bosnian conflict were not as sophisticated(老练的) as the daily news reports. Filipovic’s observations were, however, more moving and intimate(私人的).Ztala’s Diary gave readers a sense of sympathy for the ordinary people stuck in the Balkan region. Filipovic’s writings raised world awareness of the senseless conflict in Sarajevo. “I see that things aren’t good here,” Filipovic writes. “An ugly war is taking away my childhood.”After two years of enduring the war in Sarajevo, Filipovic’s family escaped to Paris in December of 1993. Zlata’s Diary was then printed by an international publisher. It became an instant bestseller. It has since been translated into 35 languages.高三英语共10页第3页Outside Bosnia, Filipovic continued to show deep concern for her torn homeland. In the following years, she gave many talks on the impact of war on children. She spoke often about the need for a stable, lasting peace in the Balkan region.Filipovic eventually attended a British University and received a degree in human sciences. Today, the well-being of the Balkan region remains on her mind. Now Filipovic wants to use her experience to promote peace in a rapidly changing Europe. She hopes that her stories of war will make people listen to her message of peace.66. The underlined word “harrowing” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “______”.A. desperateB. miserableC. embarrassingD. revolutionary67. What was special about Zlata’s Diary?A. It wrote about war in different languages.B. It was as attractive as the daily news report.C. It helped the world see war through the eyes of a child.D. It made the world know better about the Bosnian conflict.68. It can be learned from the passage that ______.A. Zlata was promoting peace with her stories of warB. Zlata’s nose was seriously wounded in the conflictC. Zlata kept her diary a secret until the winter of 1993D. Zlata felt relieved after escaping from the war in Sarajevo69. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Zlata Filipovic: growing up in warB. Zlata Filipovic: writing against warC. Zlata Filipovic: changing the worldD. Zlata Filipovic: loving peace in heart（B）高三英语共10页第4页For room-to-room calls, dial 8 + room number, e.g. 8308.To call the room from outside, dial 61208308.◆TelevisionTelevision channels have been set up as shown on the TV programme. If you have any problem watching TV, please dial 8003.◆Room CleaningWe provide house keeping once in a day. If you want to have your room cleaned at a certain time, please contact house keeping at 8001.◆LaundryItems received before 10:00 will be returned in the afternoon (before 15:00) of the next day. If you need urgent service, please dial 8002.◆Towels and SlippersPlease do not remove the towels or slippers from your room as towels and slippers are provided at the pool. Do not use the towel for any inappropriate purposes. You will be required to compensate(赔偿) for damages caused by misuse.◆Power SafetyIt is strictly forbidden to dry clothes over lampshades, which may cause a fire.◆PetsPets are not allowed in any parts of the hotel. We thank you for your understanding and cooperation.70. Scott, who is staying in Room 609, wants to call his friend in Room 815 of the same hotel, heshould dial ______.A. 61208308.B. 8609.C. 8001.D. 8815.71. Mrs. Taylor is staying in Room 213 and needs to have her clothes washed immediately, she shoulddial ______.A. 8213.B. 8001.C. 8002.D. 8003.72. Which of the following practice is allowed for the guests in the hotel?A. Keeping the key card after check-out.B. Asking for extra house keeping service.C. Using the slippers in the room at the pool.D. Walking a pet dog in the garden of the hotel.73. Suppose the accommodation fee for a single room is $100 per day and Mr. Brown checked into thehotel at 21:00 on Jan. 5th and checked out at 15:00 on Jan. 8th, he should pay ______.A. $300.B. $350.C. $400.D. $450.（C）Foreseeing a time when a patient’s own cells may be harvested, multiplied, and fashioned into a replacement organ, researchers in Boston have successfully transplanted laboratory grown bladders(肾) into six dogs.For a century, physicians have replaced diseased or damaged bladders by removing sections of a person’s intestines(肠子) and shaping them into a substitute bladder. While the procedure offers some高三英语共10页第5页relief to patients, complications often develop because nature designs intestinal tissue for a purpose—absorbing nutrients—other than holding waste liquid of the body. “You start absorbing stuff that should be removed,” says Anthony Atala of the Children’s Hospital in Boston.Other physicians have turned to human-made materials to create artificial bladders, but those efforts have also run into problems. Consequently, to build a better bladder, Atala and his colleagues decided to employ the organ’s own cells.To turn the cells into an organ, the researchers first form plastic which can break down naturally into bladder-shaped shell. They then coat its outside and inside with layers of cells needed.To test this strategy, Atala’s group obtained bladder tissue from dogs and grew it into organs. After removing the dogs’ bladders, the investigators implanted(移植) the artificial ones coming from the dogs’ own cells. Within a month, the organs began to perform like normal bladders.Within three months, the plastic shells had broken down naturally, and the implanted organs were hard to distinguish from natural ones. Blood vessels(血管) quickly grew into them. Moreover, nerves seem to form proper connections with the new organs, allowing the dogs to regain normal control of their bladders. Some dogs have had the artificial bladders for nearly a year without any problems.While the bladders of dogs closely resemble those of people, Atala warns that more testing of this transplant strategy must occur before artificial bladders are ready for the clinic.74. The traditional method of shaping parts of intestines into a substitute bladder ______.A. brings the patient a lot of sufferingsB. allows the patient to absorb useless thingsC. prevents the patient from absorbing nutrientsD. worsens both the function of the intestines and the bladder75. The artificial bladders implanted in dogs ______.A. worked perfectly as long as three monthsB. did not work properly until after a monthC. proved to be able to work for several yearsD. began to work as well as a normal one in a few weeks76. Why is it suggested that more testing should be made?A. Human bladders may well be different from dogs’.B. Dogs’ bladders can be implanted into human bodies.C. What suits dogs’ bladders will also suit human bladders.D. Artificial bladders grown in dogs can be used for human beings.77. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The history of making artificial bladders.B. The way of turning intestines into bladders.C. The prospect of manufacturing plastic bladders.D. The possibility of making bladders from their own cells.Section CBritain’s youngest iPad addict(有瘾的人) hasn’t even started school yet. That’s right; a four-year-old girl is currently undergoing therapy after becoming addicted to playing games on her iPad.高三英语共10页第6页Receiving treatment at the Capio Nightingale Clinic, London, the little girl is said to have become increasingly distressed whenever her parents moved to take the iPad away. Medical help was sought after the girl’s withdrawal symptoms did not improve.Dr. Richard Graham, the girl’s psychiatrist(精神病医生), said: “In the year running up to contacting the clinic, the parents noticed her use of the iPad was increasing. She was using it three to four hours every day and showed increased anxiety if it was removed.”According to Dr. Graham, parents should strive to keep iPads and similar devices out of the reach of infants, believing that: “Children see all the pretty colours and they will want to use it too.”“There are concerns that toys are being replaced by the likes of iPads and smartphones, but children are not at a level of maturity to deal with such adva nced technology. They can’t cope and become addicted, reacting with bad temper and uncontrollable behavior when they are taken away. Then as they grow olde r, the problem only gets worse,” Dr. Graham told The Mirror.The UK’s first technology addiction programme was initiated by Dr. Graham three years ago. It’s designed to deal with those who become annoyed when deprived from their device. Motivation for creating the treatment programme came from a concern over the compulsive qualities of games available on iPads.Dr. Graham worries that this is not the only case of iPad addiction among young ones. It comes just after a five-year-old boy managed to cost his parents £1,700, by purchasing various add-ons for a game on the iPad.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. The case of the four-year-old girl is given to inform us of _________________________________.79. Why is it easier for children to be addicted to iPads?80. What caused Dr. Graham to launch t he UK’s first technology addiction programme?81. One lesson that can be drawn from the passage by parents of infants is that they should ______________________________________________________.第Ⅱ卷（共47分）I. Translation1. 应该允许孩子们表达他们自己的想法。
上海市崇明中学2014学年第一学期期中考试试卷-生命科学
上海市崇明中学2014学年第一学期期中考试试卷高三生命科学（满分150分，答卷时间120分钟）本试卷分为第I卷（第1-5页）和第II卷（第6-12页）两部分，全卷共12页。
请将答案填写在答题纸上．．．．．．．．．。
第I卷一、选择题（共60分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）1.下列物质不同时含有氮和磷元素的是（）A．腺苷三磷酸 B．胰岛素 C.核糖核酸 D.磷脂2.有一架光学显微镜的镜盒里有4个镜头，甲、乙一端有螺纹，甲较长，乙较短，丙、丁无螺纹，丙较长，丁较短，若要在视野中看到较多的细胞，宜选用（）A. 甲、丙B. 甲、丁C. 乙、丙D. 乙、丁3. 广泛用于牛奶、奶酪、啤酒等产品的消毒方法是（）A．高压蒸汽灭菌 B．巴氏消毒法 C．酒精消毒 D．火焰灼烧4. 下列有关古细菌的描述错误．．的是（）A．古细菌生活在极端环境条件下B．古细菌对抗生素利福平不敏感C．古细菌的细胞壁合成受青霉素干扰D．某些古细菌的蛋白质耐高温5．下列有关血压的叙述，正确．．的是（）A．交感神经兴奋，血压降低 B．血液循环过程中动脉血压与静脉血压一样高C．动脉扩张时测得的血压称舒张压 D．在心室收缩的中期动脉血压最高6．病原微生物进入人体后会引起人体一系列的免疫反应，以下叙述正确．．的是（）A．B淋巴细胞接受刺激后形成浆细胞，能使靶细胞裂解B．巨噬细胞接受刺激后把抗原呈递给T淋巴细胞，并产生抗体C．T淋巴细胞接受刺激后形成致敏T淋巴细胞，能释放淋巴因子D．T淋巴细胞吞噬该病原体后形成记忆细胞，并释放淋巴因子7．人体内环境相对稳定是健康的保障。
由于人体内环境成分发生明显变化而引起的病症是（）①小腿抽搐②镰刀型细胞贫血症③脊髓灰质炎④组织水肿A．①③B．①④C．②③D．③④8．仔细分析右图，三个圆圈①、②、③分别表示含细胞壁、核糖体、中心体的细胞，那么阴影部分表示的细胞可能是 ( )A.颤藻B.小球藻C.肝细胞D.根尖生长点细胞9.下列有关酶与ATP的叙述，错误．．的是（）①酶和ATP主要分布在细胞内②ATP的合成与分解均离不开酶的催化③酶在细胞内合成不需要ATP供能④ATP中的A是构成RNA的基本单位之一A．①③B．①④C．②③D．③④10．下图表示某生物膜结构，图中A 、B 、C 、D 、E 、F 表示某些物质，a 、b 、c 、d 表示物质跨膜的运输方式。
上海市崇明县高三生命科学第一次模拟考试试题
崇明县2015学年第一次高考模拟考试试卷生命科学本试卷分为第I卷（第1－4页）和第II卷（第5－12页）两部分，全卷共12页。
满分150分。
考试时间为120分钟。
请将答案填写在答题纸上。
第I卷一、单选题（共60分，每小题只有一个正确选项，每题2分）1、下列不可能是微生物生殖方式的是………………………………………………………（）A．孢子生殖B．出芽生殖C．分裂生殖D．营养生殖2、下列关于DNA、RNA和ATP的叙述正确的是…………………………………………（）A．DNA与ATP所含元素的种类不同B．RNA合成必需的原料之一是ATPC．tRNA的合成必须以mRNA为模板D．三者共同组分有腺嘌呤和磷酸基团3、原生生物和原核生物都具有的结构是……………………………………………………（）A．质膜和细胞壁B．拟核和核糖体C．质膜和核糖体D．核膜和核糖体4、下列不能将获取的信息转化为神经冲动的是……………………………………………（）A．味细胞B．温度感受器C．鼓膜D．视细胞5、下列物质代谢过程只在肝细胞内才能完成的是…………………………………………（）A．血糖→糖原B．胆固醇→胆汁酸C．脂肪酸→脂肪D．葡萄糖→丙酮酸6、下列属于人体免疫第二道防线的是………………………………………………………（）A．胃酸的杀菌作用B．唾液中溶菌酶的杀菌作用C．巨噬细胞中溶酶体的消化作用D．致敏T细胞裂解抗原细胞7、寒冷的冬季人从室内走到室外环境中将会出现的生理反应是…………………………（）A．耗氧量增加，体表血管收缩B．耗氧量减少，立毛肌放松C．耗氧量减少，心律变慢D．耗氧量增加，体温升高8、下列人体内的生理活动与蛋白质功能无关的是…………………………………………（）A．O2在血液中的运输B．O2进入线粒体C．甘油在肝细胞内转变为丙酮酸D．细胞识别9、小肠上皮细胞所处的细胞外液是指………………………………………………………（）A．肠液B．组织液C．血浆D．胰液10、人体肾脏功能障碍等疾病会引起水潴留从而导致细胞水肿。
上海市高三生命科学第一次模拟试卷含答案
崇明县第一学期期末考试试卷高三生命科学（考试时间120分钟，满分150分）考生注意：1．答第I卷前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写学校、姓名、学号。
2．答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上一律不给分。
第I卷（共60分）一、单选题（每小题只有一个正确选项）（一）1分题（共8题）1、一分子ADP中，含有的腺苷数、磷酸基数和高能磷酸键数依次是…………………（）A. 1、2、2B. 1、2、1C. 1、3、2D. 2、1、22、下列有关酶的叙述中，正确的是…………………………………………………………（）A. 酶可以被水解，产物是多种氨基酸B. 酶的活性受温度和pH的影响C. 酸碱度变化引起的酶失活不可逆，但温度变化引起的酶失活可逆D. 冬季哺乳动物体内酶的活性随环境温度的下降而降低3、遗传信息和遗传密码分别位于……………………………………………………………（）A. DNA和信使RNA上B. DNA和转运RNA上C. 信使RNA和转运RNA上D. 染色体和基因上4、取两种不同种属的海绵，使其细胞分散成单个，再将它们掺在一起培养，发现只有同种的细胞才能聚合在一起。
与此现象直接有关的结构是………………………………………（）A. 细胞核B. 细胞膜上的磷脂双分子层C. 细胞膜D. 细胞膜上的糖蛋白5、人体免疫球蛋白由4条肽链构成，共有764个氨基酸，则该蛋白质分子中至少含有游离的氨基和羧基数分别是…………………………………………………………………………（）A. 764和764B. 760和760C. 1和1D. 4和46、生物的多样性通常包括……………………………………………………………………（）①遗传多样性②物种多样性③生态系统多样性④无机环境的多样性A. ①②③B. ①③④C. ②③④D. ①②④7、细胞分化是生物界普遍存在的一种生命现象，下列叙述中不正确的是…………………（）A. 分化发生在生物体的整个生命进程中B. 分化是基因在特定的时间和空间条件下选择表达的结果C. 未离体的体细胞不会表现出全能性D. 分化过程中遗传物质发生了改变8、下列生物中，结构最相似的一组是………………………………………………………（）①乳酸菌②变形虫③肺炎双球菌④蓝藻⑤酵母菌高三生命科学共12页第1页高三生命科学 共12页 第2页A. ②③⑤B. ②③④C. ①③④D. ①④⑤（二）2分题（共20题）9、右图能表示人体在某种环境条件发生变化时，内环境中某种激素的含量变化。
2014年上海市高三生命科学崇明试卷
崇明县2013学年第一学期期末考试试卷高三生命科学本试卷分为第I卷（第1-5页）和第II卷（第6-12页）两部分，全卷共12页。
满分150分。
考试时间为120分钟。
请将答案填写在答题纸上。
第I卷一、单选题（共60分，每小题只有一个正确选项，每题2分）1．生产实践中被广泛用于牛奶、奶酪、啤酒等产品的消毒方法是………………………（）A．酒精消毒B．巴氏消毒法C．高压蒸汽灭菌D．酒精灯火焰灼烧2．下列关于核酸的叙述，正确的是…………………………………………………………（）A．DNA有氢键，RNA没有氢键B．病毒都有遗传物质DNA和RNAC．叶肉细胞既有DNA，也有RNA D．细胞器中只有核糖体含有RNA3．下图为四种不同微生物的比较结果，错误的是…………………………………………（）4．下列有关细胞壁的说法正确的是…………………………………………………………（）①所有生物的细胞壁都含有纤维素②纤维素使植物细胞壁具有一定韧性③细胞壁的合成与高尔基体有关④细胞壁对物质进出细胞具有选择透过性A．①②B．③④C．②③D．①④5．下列有关有丝分裂实验的操作及表述正确的是…………………………………………（）A．换用高倍镜时从侧面观察可以防止物镜与装片碰擦B．由于处在分裂期细胞较少且小，观察时适当调节显微镜视野C．为观察染色体不同层面的精细结构，用粗准焦螺旋调节焦距高三生命科学共12页第1页高三生命科学 共12页 第2页D ．一个视野中，用10⨯物镜看到8个细胞，用40⨯物镜则可看到32个细胞6．下图是植物细胞中ATP 合成与分解示意图，下列相关叙述错误的是…………………（ ）A ．能量1可能来自于有机物的氧化分解B ．图中能量2 来自于“①”和“②”被水解的过程C ．如果能量1只来自于光能，那么能量2只能用于C 3的还原D ．如果“①、②”都被水解，则水解的产物中有合成RNA 的原料7．将发芽的小麦种子“切碎→研磨”后制成匀浆样液。
2014年上海市长宁区高三一模生物试题跟答案
运用科技和互联网的力量，让教育变的更容易。
2013学年第一学期高三生命科学质量检测试卷说明：1、试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2、试卷作答必须全部涂或写在答题纸上。
一、选择题（共60分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案） 1．右图是某生物模式图，组成结构a 的物质最有可能是 A ．蛋白质 B ．RNA C ．DNA D ．脂质 2．下列属于化学信息感受器的是A ．响尾蛇鼻眼间的颊窝B ．鲫鱼身体两侧的侧线C ．雄蛾头部的触角D ．人体皮肤感受器3．酶工程生产的尿糖试纸可以用于测试尿糖的含量，被固定在纸条上的酶是 ①葡萄糖氧化酶 ②唾液淀粉酶 ③过氧化氢酶 ④葡聚糖酶 A ．①③B ．②③C ．①④D ．②④4．用测微尺测量某个洋葱表皮细胞的长度时，下列目镜和物镜的组合中，视野内目镜测微尺每小格所代表的实际长度最小的是①目镜10× ②物镜10× ③目镜16× ④物镜40× A ．①②B ．③④C ．①④D ．②③5．某同学提取得到叶绿体色素溶液后，取一圆形滤纸，在滤纸中央滴一滴色素提取液，再滴一滴层析液，色素随层析液扩散得到下图结果，则1、2、3、4四条色带依次表示 A ．胡萝卜素、叶黄素、叶绿素a 、叶绿素b B ．叶黄素、胡萝卜素、叶绿素a 、叶绿素b C ．叶绿素a 、叶绿素b 、胡萝卜素、叶黄素 D ．叶绿素b 、叶绿素a 、胡萝卜素、叶黄素 6．已知某蛋白质分子有4条多肽链组成，共有96个肽键，翻译成这个蛋白质分子DNA 分子中有碱基A 和T 共200个。
则该DNA 分子复制3次所需G 和C 的个数是A 、3200B 、2800C 、1600D 、12007．正常情况下，人体内的激素、酶和化学递质均有其生物活性，这三类物质都是 A ．在细胞内发挥作用 B ．由活细胞产生的蛋白质 C ．与特定分子结合后起作用 D ．在发挥作用后还能保持活性 8．农业生产中，用一定浓度的生长素类似物作为除草剂，可以除去单子叶农作物田间的双子叶杂草。
上海市崇明县2014届高三上学期期末考试英语试题[2014上海崇明一模]
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崇明县2013学年第一学期期末考试试卷高三英语（考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）第Ⅰ卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. She will go to the beach alone. B. She will go to the beach with the man.C. She will go to meet Prof. Brown.D. She will go to attend Prof. Brown’s class.2. A. In a car. B. In a plane. C. At a shop. D. On a farm.3. A. On December 3rd. B. On December 13th. C. On December 23rd. D. On December 30th.4. A. A novel. B. A commercial. C. A TV programme. D. A sports game.5. A. He will help the woman. B. He will give the woman what she wants.C. He will hand something to the woman.D. H e doesn’t understand what the woman means.6. A. He can’t give the woman a ride.B. He’ll drop the woman off on the way to work.C. The woman can ride downtown with her.D. The woman will have to leave earlier than usual.7. A. The man’s mobile phone is expensive. B. The man’s mobile phone often goes wrong.C. The man should use a new mobile phone.D. The man shouldn’t change h is mobile phone.8. A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Mother and son. D. Employer and employee.9. A. He’s upset that he missed the television program.B. He doesn’t like talking about television programs.C. He doesn’t think the television program was funny.D. He’s angry because he failed to get into his building10. A. The woman doesn’t like skiing at all.B. The woman will go skiing with them.C. The woman can’t go skiing with them.D. The woman doesn’t have much work today.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Many Americans have been visited by ghosts.B. Many Americans believe that ghosts really exist.C. Americans celebrate Halloween for religious reasons.D. Americans celebrate Halloween to drive away ghosts.12. A. 37%. B. 41%. C. 71%. D. 87%.13. A. A ghost would choose to visit his relative or friend.B. Children celebrate Halloween to play tricks on their parents.C. Those who don’t believe in ghosts don’t celebrate Halloween.D. Those who celebrate Halloween don’t necessarily believe in ghosts.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The reasons for staying fit while travelling.B. The ways of keeping healthy while travelling.C. The ways of enjoying oneself while travelling.D. The reasons for spending a vacation by travelling.15. A. We may not go to bed until very late. B. The hotel bed may be uncomfortable.C. We may sleep for an hour during the day.D. The hotel room may not be quiet enough.16. A. Taking along enough food. B. Staying in a luxurious hotel.C. Visiting many scenic spots.D. Eating the right kinds of food.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A friendly dog named Bonnie, who also happens to be deaf, is being praised by her owner for(25)_____(help) him catch a suspected intruder in their home.Dan Strasser said he heard Bonnie running around the living room at about 6 a.m. Saturday, so he got out of bed to see (26)_____ she was so excited. He said Bonnie didn’t bark or bite like a guard dog, but (27)_____ she behaved was enough to alert him.When Strasser walked into the living room, he caught the intruder (28)_____(try) to steal his computer. The man took off, but instead of running out of the back door (29)_____ he came in, he accidentally ran into the garage and (30)_____(seize) there.Strasser grabbed his gun and held the intruder in the garage while his girlfriend called 911. Police showed up and arrested the intruder, whom they later identified (31)_____ Thomas Lowell, who was accused in court Monday of burglary(入室行窃) and possession of drug. He is due back in court on Oct. 2nd.Strasser said Lowell got in through the back door, which he kept open at night so that Bonnie (32)_____ get into the backyard. He plans to keep it (33)_____(lock) from now on.(B)The first-ever American Laughing Championship is taking place in San Diego. The contest is the first national championship in the US, (34)_____ Canadian filmmaker, Albert Nerenberg, has previously organized national laughing contests in Canada and Japan and a state championship in California back in 2010. The contest requires the chosen laughers to face off against each other as the audience determines who has (35)_____(attractive) laugh. Daunte Reed is one of about twelve people competing in the contest. He is hoping to be a winner of the title of top laugher. “I’ve been told I have (36)_____ attractive laugh. (37)_____ doesn’t take much to make me laugh,” Reed said.The contest includes the belly laugh, the crazy laugh and the diabolical(魔鬼般的) laugh. The last one is the most challenging, according to Nerenberg, who said the goal is (38)_____(make) the audience laugh with your laugh. The solo(单独的) laughing requires a good voice. However, the other laugh styles require someone to get the audience laughing; a good diabolical laugh requires the laugher to infect himself and start laughing naturally,” he explained.“The person who wins isn’t always the best, but the top three people are always the best. It is more joy (39)_____ these people bring to the world. They tend to be happy types. We (40)_____(never have) a sad person win so far,” he added.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The idea of the youth hostel(旅社) started with one man: Richard Schirrmann (1874-1961), a German school teacher, who felt that there was a need for overnight accommodation for his students in order that they could see new things and have new experiences outside the 41 .He felt that one learns by observing, and tried to make his dream come true in the year 1909, when he started providing accommodation for his students in inns, farmhouses and the like.The first youth hostel was opened in Schirrmann’s own school in Altena, after which it was 42 by a permanent hostel in Altena Castle. Schirrmann went on to 43 the German Youth Hostel Association in the year 1919. By this time, the idea of the youth hostel had 44 far and wide, all over the lands of Europe and further.And then, in the year 1932, a(n) 45 organization called the International Youth Hostel was founded in Amsterdam, which consisted of youth hostels from Switzerland, Germany, Poland, the Netherlands, Norway, Britain, Ireland, France, Czechoslovakia, Denmark and Belgium. Richard Schirrmann became its chairman in 1933.The idea of the youth hostel is for young people who are on nature trips to get 46 accommodation in exchange for some money and a helping hand with the domestic chores(家务活). These hostels were said to build character and a sense of independence, as the youth who stayed in them got the 47 to see how other people lived as well as to help to do work.Youth hostels are also places to meet and make new friends. They have no class 48 and everyone has to do their share. Here, wealth and position does not help you gain 49 , but friendliness does. The friendlier you are, the more you learn from the 50 of staying in a youth hostel.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Telemedicine is the name for when doctors give advice to patients by telephone or the Internet, or when health care providers in rural areas connect with specialists in big cities.Telemedicine has 51 for a long time, but the rise of smartphones, tablet PCs and camera-equipped computers is 52 telemedicine to new levels. Some health care systems in the United States now 53 Virtual(虚拟的) Urgent Care. Patients see a doctor by video chat without having to leave home.Diana Rae, a nurse educator in the Franciscan Health System recently 54 how Virtual Urgent Care works. She used an iPad tablet and skype—the video chat service.Doctor Green has the patient describe her 55 ; then the doctor performs a physical exam by demonstrating what he wants her to do. Doctor Green decides that the problem is a common 56 . For medicine, he prescribes(开药方) an antibiotic(抗生素). He says about 3 out of 4 patients have 57 problems that can be treated like this—through Virtual Urgent Care, which means a video chat could 58 a visit to the doctor’s office.“Patient s’ safety is really important to us. So if we feel it is not 59 for the patient to be treated in this manner, we’re going to suggest other 60 for them,” said Green.The Franciscan Health System is based in Tacoma, Washington. It 61 $35 for this kind of virtual house call, which is much less than the cost of going to an emerge ncy room, a doctor’s office or an urgent care clinic.After trying the video conference, Diana Rae says she would be 62 to pay the $35 when she was recently home with a bad cold. “I would have paid twice that for the 63 of getting taken care of without having to sit in a waiting room, wait, and get 64 everyone else’s germs,” Rae said.Franciscan operates hospitals and clinics and has a deal with a company called Carena to add effective urgent care by Skype or phone. Carena is one of several companies doing this kind of work around the country. But a company official says state rules have not kept 65 with developments in telemedicine.51. A. rested B. existed C. survived D. vanished52. A. keeping B. occupying C. striking D. raising53. A. offer B. advertise C. prohibit D. criticize54. A. predicted B. published C. demonstrated D. claimed55. A. symptoms B. emotions C. medicines D. coughs56. A. mistake B. infection C. experience D. sense57. A. heart B. security C. drug D. health58. A. pay B. cancel C. replace D. include59. A. necessary B. smart C. hard D. safe60. A. hospitals B. doctors C. alternatives D. networks61. A. charges B. costs C. pays D. provides62. A. happy B. reluctant C. excited D. surprised63. A. delight B. convenience C. significance D. embarrassment64. A. infected with B. exposed to C. shocked at D. fascinated by65. A. contact B. company C. progress D. communicationSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）At age 11, Zlata Filipovic saw things that most people pray they never see. Growing up in the middle of a war zone, this little girl experienced firsthand the horrors of war.Filipovic turned 11 in December of 1991. Five months later Serbian soldiers attacked Filipovic’s hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia. While many people fled the city, Filipovic’s familystayed. Some of the worst moments of the Bosnian conflict would take place right under her nose. How did Filipovic deal with his harrowing experience? By writing a diary.Zlata’s Diary was first published in the summer of 1993 by UNICEF (United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund). It attracted enormous interest. Her writings on the Bosnian conflict were not as sophisticated(老练的) as the daily news reports. Filipovic’s observations were, however, more moving and intimate(私人的).Ztala’s Diary gave readers a sense of sympathy for the ordinary people stuck in the Balkan region. Filipovic’s writings raised world awareness of the senseless conflict in Sarajevo. “I see that things aren’t good here,” Filipovic writes. “An ugly war is taking away my childhood.”After two years of enduring the war in Sarajevo, Filipovic’s family escaped to Paris in December of 1993. Zlata’s Diary was then printed by an international publisher. It became an instant bestseller. It has since been translated into 35 languages.Outside Bosnia, Filipovic continued to show deep concern for her torn homeland. In the following years, she gave many talks on the impact of war on children. She spoke often about the need for a stable, lasting peace in the Balkan region.Filipovic eventually attended a British University and received a degree in human sciences. Today, the well-being of the Balkan region remains on her mind. Now Filipovic wants to use her experience to promote peace in a rapidly changing Europe. She hopes that her stories of war will make people listen to her message of peace.66. The underlined word “harrowing” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “______”.A. desperateB. miserableC. embarrassingD. revolutionary67. What was special about Zlata’s Diary?A. It wrote about war in different languages.B. It was as attractive as the daily news report.C. It helped the world see war through the eyes of a child.D. It made the world know better about the Bosnian conflict.68. It can be learned from the passage that ______.A. Zlata was promoting peace with her stories of warB. Zlata’s nose was seriously wounded in the conflictC. Zlata kept her diary a secret until the winter of 1993D. Zlata felt relieved after escaping from the war in Sarajevo69. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Zlata Filipovic: growing up in warB. Zlata Filipovic: writing against warC. Zlata Filipovic: changing the worldD. Zlata Filipovic: loving peace in heart（B）SERVICE DIRECTORYArtero Hotel◆Check-in TimeCheck in after 13:00 on the arrival day.◆Check-out TimeCheck out before 12:00 noon on your departure day. A 50% surcharge(额外费) will be imposed if you check out after 12:00 noon; a 100% surcharge will be imposed if you check out after 18:00.◆Key CardFor your safety, the key card is NOT transferable. If it is lost, please contact the front desk immediately.Please return your key card to the front desk upon departure.◆Room Number & Telephone NumberRooms have a 3-digit number. The first number stands for the floor and the second and third numbers stand for the room number.For example:308 refers to room 08 on the 3rd floor.For room-to-room calls, dial 8 + room number, e.g. 8308.To call the room from outside, dial 61208308.◆TelevisionTelevision channels have been set up as shown on the TV programme. If you have any problem watching TV, please dial 8003.◆Room CleaningWe provide house keeping once in a day. If you want to have your room cleaned at a certain time, please contact house keeping at 8001.◆LaundryItems received before 10:00 will be returned in the afternoon (before 15:00) of the next day. If you need urgent service, please dial 8002.◆Towels and SlippersPlease do not remove the towels or slippers from your room as towels and slippers are provided at the pool. Do not use the towel for any inappropriate purposes. You will be required to compensate(赔偿) for damages caused by misuse.◆Power SafetyIt is strictly forbidden to dry clothes over lampshades, which may cause a fire.◆PetsPets are not allowed in any parts of the hotel. We thank you for your understanding and cooperation.70. Scott, who is staying in Room 609, wants to call his friend in Room 815 of the same hotel, heshould dial ______.A. 61208308.B. 8609.C. 8001.D. 8815.71. Mrs. Taylor is staying in Room 213 and needs to have her clothes washed immediately, sheshould dial ______.A. 8213.B. 8001.C. 8002.D. 8003.72. Which of the following practice is allowed for the guests in the hotel?A. Keeping the key card after check-out.B. Asking for extra house keeping service.C. Using the slippers in the room at the pool.D. Walking a pet dog in the garden of the hotel.73. Suppose the accommodation fee for a single room is $100 per day and Mr. Brown checkedinto the hotel at 21:00 on Jan. 5th and checked out at 15:00 on Jan. 8th, he should pay ______.A. $300.B. $350.C. $400.D. $450.（C）Foreseeing a time when a patient’s own cells may be harvested, multiplied, and fashioned into a replacement organ, researchers in Boston have successfully transplanted laboratory grown bladders(肾) into six dogs.For a century, physicians have replaced diseased or damaged bladders by removing sections of a person’s intestines(肠子) and shaping them into a substitute bladder. While the procedure offers some relief to patients, complications often develop because nature designs intestinal tissue for a purpose—absorbing nutrients—other than holding waste liquid of the body. “You start absorbing stuff that should be removed,” says Anthony Atala of the Children’s Hospital in Boston.Other physicians have turned to human-made materials to create artificial bladders, but those efforts have also run into problems. Consequently, to build a better bladder, Atala and his colleagues decided to employ the organ’s own cells.To turn the cells into an organ, the researchers first form plastic which can break down naturally into bladder-shaped shell. They then coat its outside and inside with layers of cells needed.To test this strategy, Atala’s group obtained bladder tissue from dogs and grew it into organs. After removing the dogs’ bladders, the investigators implanted(移植) the artificial ones coming from the dogs’ own cells. Within a month, the organs began to perform like normal bladders.Within three months, the plastic shells had broken down naturally, and the implanted organs were hard to distinguish from natural ones. Blood vessels(血管) quickly grew into them. Moreover, nerves seem to form proper connections with the new organs, allowing the dogs to regain normalcontrol of their bladders. Some dogs have had the artificial bladders for nearly a year without any problems.While the bladders of dogs closely resemble those of people, Atala warns that more testing of this transplant strategy must occur before artificial bladders are ready for the clinic.74. The traditional method of shaping parts of intestines into a substitute bladder ______.A. brings the patient a lot of sufferingsB. allows the patient to absorb useless thingsC. prevents the patient from absorbing nutrientsD. worsens both the function of the intestines and the bladder75. The artificial bladders implanted in dogs ______.A. worked perfectly as long as three monthsB. did not work properly until after a monthC. proved to be able to work for several yearsD. began to work as well as a normal one in a few weeks76. Why is it suggested that more testing should be made?A. Human bladders may well be different from dogs’.B. Dogs’ bladders can be implanted into human bodies.C. What suits dogs’ bladders will also suit human bladders.D. Artificial bladders grown in dogs can be used for human beings.77. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The history of making artificial bladders.B. The way of turning intestines into bladders.C. The prospect of manufacturing plastic bladders.D. The possibility of making bladders from their own cells.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Britain’s youngest iPad addict(有瘾的人) hasn’t even started school yet. That’s right; a four-year-old girl is currently undergoing therapy after becoming addicted to playing games on her iPad.Receiving treatment at the Capio Nightingale Clinic, London, the little girl is said to have become increasingly distressed whenever her parents moved to take the iPad away. Medical help was sought after the girl’s withdrawal symptoms did not improve.Dr. Richard Graham, the girl’s psychiatrist(精神病医生), said: “In the year running up to contacting the clinic, the parents noticed her use of the iPad was increasing. She was using it three to four hours every day and showed increased anxiety if it was removed.”According to Dr. Graham, parents should strive to keep iPads and similar devices out of the reac h of infants, believing that: “Children see all the pretty colours and they will want to use it too.”“There are concerns that toys are being replaced by the likes of iPads and smartphones, but children are not at a level of maturity to deal with such adva nced technology. They can’t cope andbecome addicted, reacting with bad temper and uncontrollable behavior when they are taken away. Then as they grow older, the problem only gets worse,” Dr. Graham told The Mirror.The UK’s first technology addiction prog ramme was initiated by Dr. Graham three years ago. It’s designed to deal with those who become annoyed when deprived from their device. Motivation for creating the treatment programme came from a concern over the compulsive qualities of games available on iPads.Dr. Graham worries that this is not the only case of iPad addiction among young ones. It comes just after a five-year-old boy managed to cost his parents £1,700, by purchasing various add-ons for a game on the iPad.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. The case of the four-year-old girl is given to inform us of _________________________________.79. Why is it easier for children to be addicted to iPads?80. What caused Dr. Graham to launch t he UK’s first technology addiction programme?81. One lesson that can be drawn from the passage by parents of infants is that they should ______________________________________________________.第Ⅱ卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 应该允许孩子们表达他们自己的想法。
沪教版生物学高三上学期期末试卷与参考答案(2024-2025学年)
2024-2025学年沪教版生物学高三上学期期末自测试卷(答案在后面)一、单项选择题（本大题有12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、生物大分子的基本组成单位是：A、糖类B、脂质C、蛋白质D、核酸2、在细胞有丝分裂过程中，次级卵母细胞分裂产生的两个细胞是：A、两个卵细胞B、一个卵细胞和一个极体C、一个第一极体和一个第二极体D、两个精细胞3、在生物体的有丝分裂过程中，哪个时期染色体的形态和数目最为清晰可辨？A.间期B.前期C.中期D.末期4、细胞内参与蛋白质合成的细胞器是什么？A.线粒体B.高尔基体C.核糖体D.内质网5、关于DNA和RNA的比较，下列说法正确的是：A、DNA是所有生物的遗传物质，而RNA仅存在于某些病毒中B、DNA的双螺旋结构由两条互补的链组成，而RNA通常由单链组成C、DNA中的碱基有A、T、C、G四种，而RNA中的碱基有A、T、C、G、U五种D、DNA的功能是储存遗传信息，而RNA的主要功能是蛋白质的合成6、以下关于细胞器的说法，不正确的是：A、核糖体负责蛋白质的合成B、线粒体是细胞进行有氧呼吸的主要场所C、高尔基体参与蛋白质的加工、转运和分泌D、中心体与有丝分裂和减数分裂有关，其功能主要是负责染色体的分布7、将同一株水萝卜的根尖置于不同浓度的KNO₃溶液中处理一段时间后，若观察到质壁分离自动复原的现象，则可能的原因是（）。
A、细胞失水过多后死亡B、K⁺和NO₃⁻进入细胞C、细胞液与外界溶液浓度相等D、外界溶液浓度高于细胞液浓度8、在光合作用的暗反应阶段，下列哪种物质不是必需的直接原料（）。
A、CO₂B、NADPHC、ATPD、O₂9、下列关于细胞膜的叙述，正确的是：A. 细胞膜的组成成分包括蛋白质和磷脂，不具有流动性。
B. 细胞膜的作用是将细胞与外界环境分开，防止有害物质进入细胞。
C. 细胞膜主要由脂质和糖蛋白构成，具有选择性透过性。
D. 细胞膜是由一层磷脂双分子层构成，缺乏蛋白质。
2024届上海市崇明区市级名校生物高三上期末联考试题含解析
2024届上海市崇明区市级名校生物高三上期末联考试题注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．一、选择题(本大题共7小题,每小题6分,共42分。
)1．研究表明，当癌细胞对微环境中的信号作出反应时，它们就会进入高度可塑状态，在这种状态下，它们很容易转化为另一种类型的细胞。
近日，研究人员利用上皮——间质转化，诱导小鼠乳腺癌细胞转化为无害的脂肪细胞，并且该脂肪细胞不再恢复到乳腺癌细胞。
下列相关叙述中，错误的是（）A．乳腺癌细胞与脂肪细胞的基因表达情况不同B．与脂肪细胞相比，乳腺癌细胞膜上的糖蛋白较少，易扩散转移C．与乳腺癌细胞相比，脂肪细胞的细胞核较大，细胞代谢旺盛D．可用苏丹Ⅲ染液检测乳腺癌细胞是否成功转化成脂肪细胞2．在一个较大的果蝇种群中，雌雄果蝇数量相等，且雌雄个体之间可以自由交配。
若种群中B的基因频率为80%，b 的基因频率为20%，则下列叙述错误的是（）A．若B、b位于常染色体上，则雄果蝇中出现基因型为bb的概率为4%B．若B、b位于常染色体上，则显性个体中出现杂合雄果蝇的概率约为17%C．若B、b只位于X染色体上，则X b X b、X b Y的基因型频率分别为4%、20%D．若B、b的基因频率发生定向改变，则说明该果蝇种群一定发生了进化3．下列有关细胞共性的说法，正确的是（）A．都由胞间连丝实现细胞间的信息交流B．都有直接或间接联系的生物膜系统C．都能独立有序地进行细胞代谢D．都能在内质网上合成脂质4．下列有关细胞呼吸的叙述，正确的是（）A．与有氧呼吸有关的酶分布在细胞质基质和线粒体基质B．有叶绿体的细胞能合成ATP，不需要细胞呼吸提供能量C．细胞中有机物的氧化放能是人体热量的主要来源D．某污染物抑制浮游植物有氧呼吸的各个阶段，但对无氧呼吸无影响5．人体细胞中的染色体DNA会随着复制次数增加而逐渐缩短。
上海市崇明区必修一生物期末多选题 不定项选择题专项试卷模卷
上海市崇明区必修一生物期末多选题不定项选择题专项试卷模卷一、多选题1．{下列有关核酸的叙述正确的是（）A．DNA和RNA都能携带遗传信息B．核酸彻底水解的产物是脱氧核糖、磷酸和A、G、C、T4种碱基C．玉米是真核生物，细胞内同时含有DNA和RNA，但其遗传物质是DNAD．DNA特有的碱基是T，RNA特有的碱基是U2．{下列有关生命系统的结构层次的叙述，错误的是（）A．一口池塘里的所有鱼类构成了一个种群B．一片树林中的所有鸟类构成了一个群落C．一个培养皿中的所有菌落构成了一个群落D．一片草原上的所有生物构成了一个草原生态系统3．{某研究小组利用检测气压变化的密闭装置来探究微生物的呼吸，实验设计如下。
关闭活栓后，U形管右管液面高度变化反映瓶中气体体积变化。
实验开始时将右管液面高度调至参考点，实验中定时记录右管液面高度相对于参考点的变化(忽略其他原因引起的容积变化)。
下列有关说法正确的是A．甲组右管液面不变，乙组下降，说明微生物进行乳酸发酵B．乙组右管液面变化，表示的是微生物呼吸CO2的释放量和O2消耗量之间的差值C．甲组右管液面升高，乙组不变，说明微生物只进行有氧呼吸D．甲组右管液面变化，表示的是微生物呼吸氧气的消耗量4．{下列动植物糖类、脂肪的分类比较，错误的是（）A．．B．C．D．5．{细胞是生命系统的最基本层次，其原因包括（）A．只有细胞内才有遗传物质DNAB．其他层次都是建立在细胞这一层次基础之上的C．生物体中的每一个细胞都具有相对独立性，能完成一系列生命活动D．比细胞更小的结构层次，不能独立完成生命活动6．{细胞的生命活动需要能量来维持，很多种物质都可以为细胞的生活提供能量，其中葡萄糖的作用极其重要，常被形容为“生命的燃料”。
下列有关葡萄糖叙述错误的是（）A．高等植物能够利用葡萄糖合成糖原和淀粉作为储能物质B．谷物中有丰富的多糖淀粉和纤维素，组成它们的单体都是葡萄糖C．动物细胞呼吸分解糖类并释放能量，直接利用的糖类是糖原D．葡萄糖既可以口服又可以通过静脉注射的方式被人体细胞利用7．{下列关于无机盐的叙述，正确的是（）A．缺铁性贫血是因为体内缺乏铁，血红蛋白合成减少B．Mg2＋是叶绿素的成分之一，缺Mg2＋会影响光合作用C．长跑时流汗过多会发生抽搐，说明无机盐对维持酸碱平衡很重要D．I是甲状腺激素的成分，幼年时缺乏会患呆小症8．{鉴定尿中是否有蛋白质常用加热法来检验。
上海市崇明区必修一生物期末试卷模卷
上海市崇明区必修一生物期末试卷模卷一、单选题1．下列有关细胞的分化、衰老、凋亡、癌变的叙述中，正确的是（）A．红细胞中有血红蛋白，而肌细胞没有，是因为肌细胞中没有血红蛋白基因B．衰老的细胞的细胞体积会变小，而细胞核的体积会变大C．被病原体感染的细胞会被免疫系统清除，它的死亡属于细胞坏死D．抑癌基因突变成原癌基因后，正常细胞就会变成癌细胞2．下列关于色素的提取和分离这一实验的说法，错误的是（）A．该实验用无水乙醇提取色素，用层析液分离色素B．加入的碳酸钙可以保护色素不被破坏C．层析时，滤液细线要浸入层析液的液面以下D．层析后，在滤纸条上可以得到4个色素带3．温室栽培可不受季节、地域限制，在封闭的温室内栽种农作物，以下哪种措施不能提高作物产量（）A．增加室内CO2浓度B．夜间适当提高温度C．增加光照强度D．延长光照时间4．某生物体内能发生如下反应：淀粉→麦芽糖→葡萄糖→糖原。
则下面的说法不正确的是（）A．此生物一定是动物，因为能合成糖原B．淀粉和糖原都属于多糖C．此生物一定是动物，因为能利用葡萄糖D．糖类在生物体内是主要的能源物质5．以下二倍体生物的细胞中含有两个染色体组的是（）①有丝分裂中期细胞②有丝分裂后期细胞③减数第一次分裂中期细胞④减数第二次分裂中期⑤减数第一次分裂后期细胞⑥减数第二次分裂后期细胞A．①②③B．①③⑤C．①③⑤⑥D．①④⑤⑥6．下列关于细胞膜的叙述，正确的是A．细胞膜可以阻止一切对细胞有害的物质进人细胞B．细胞膜的选择透过性只与膜蛋白有关C．细胞膜的基本支架是磷脂双分子层D．不同细胞的细胞膜所含的蛋白质种类都是相同的7．用相同的培养液培养水稻和番茄幼苗，一段时间后，测定培养液中各种离子的浓度，结果如图所示(设水稻和番茄幼苗吸收量相等)。
据图判断错误的是A．水稻不需要Ca2+而排出，结果浓度变大SiO的载体多于Mg2＋载体B．水稻4-4SiO需求量较少C．番茄对4-4D．植物细胞吸收矿质离子有选择性8．图表示物质进入细胞的不同方式，ATPase为ATP酶，在图示生理过程中还具有载体功能。
上海市崇明县2014届高三上学期期末(一模)考试化学试题Word版含解析
上海市崇明县2013学年第一学期期末考试试卷高三化学（考试时间120分钟，满分150分，请将答案填写在答题纸上）本试卷分为第I卷和第II卷两部分可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1C-12N-14O-16Na-23Mg-24Al-27S-32Cl-35.5Fe-56Cu-64第I卷（共66分）一、选择题（本题共10分，每小题2分，只有一个正确选项）1、【题文】化学与社会、生产、生活密切相关。
下列做法值得提倡的是…………………………（）A．SO2作为食品漂白剂B．氟里昂作为制冷剂C．Na2CO3治疗胃酸过多D．“地沟油”制取肥皂2、【题文】下列物质不能通过置换反应得到的是……………………………………………………（）A．CO B．F2C．C D．Fe3O43、【题文】重水(D O)是重要的核工业原料，下列关于D原子的说法错误的2是……………………（）A．氘(D)原子核外有1个电子B．是H的同位素C．自然界中没有D原子存在D．D 质量数为24、【题文】下列叙述中，正确的是 ……………………………………………………………………（ ） A ．只含有金属元素的离子不一定是阳离子B ．金属阳离子被还原不一定得到金属单质C ．氧化还原反应中，非金属单质必是氧化剂D ．元素从化合态变为游离态时，一定被还原5、【题文】一定温度下，满足下列条件的溶液一定呈酸性的是 ……………………………………（ ）A ．pH 6=的某物质的水溶液B ．加酚酞后显无色的溶液C ．能与金属Al 反应放出H 2的溶液D ．(H )(OH )c c +-> 的任意物质的水溶液二、选择题（本题共36分，每小题3分，只有一个正确选项）6、【题文】下列化学工业中，未涉及原料循环使用的是………………………………………………（ ）A ．侯德榜制碱法B ．索尔维制碱法C ．工业电解饱和食盐水D ．工业炼铁7、【题文】已知：甲2O −−−→乙2O −−−→丙2H O−−−→丁，其中丁为强酸，则甲不可能为 …………（ ）A ．N 2B ．CC ．SD ．NH 38、【题文】下列分子中，属于含有极性键的非极性分子的是 ………………………………………（ ） A ．PCl 3B ．H 2SC ．P 4D ．C 2H 4【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：A ．PCl 3是分子晶体，含有共价键，分子是三角锥形，正负电荷重心不重合，分子不对称故是极性分子。
2014年高考生物上海卷
2014年高考生物上海卷一、选择题（共60分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）1.下列物质中同时含有磷和氮元素的是（ ）A.丙酮酸B.核苷酸C.氨基酸D.脂肪酸2.在电子显微镜下，颤藻和水绵细胞中都能被观察到的结构是 （ ）A.细胞核B.核糖体C.叶绿体D.溶酶体3.下列生物过程中，属于营养繁殖的是（ ）A.面包酵母的出芽B.蔷薇枝条扦插成株C.青霉的孢子生殖D.草履虫的分裂生殖4.某亲本DNA分子双链均以白色表示，以灰色表示第一次复制出的DNA子链，以黑色表示第二次复制出的DNA子链，该亲本双链DNA分子连续复制两次后的产物是（ ）A.B.C.D.5.植物细胞具有发育为完整植株潜能的决定因素是（ ）A.细胞膜B.细胞核C.线粒体D.叶绿体6.真核生物的核基因必须在mRNA形成之后才能翻译蛋白质，但原核生物的mRNA通常在转录完成之前便可启动蛋白质的翻译，针对这一差异的合理解释是（ ）A.原核生物的遗传物质是RNAB.原核生物的tRNA呈三叶草结构C.真核生物的核糖体可以进入细胞核D.真核生物的 mRNA必须通过核孔后才能翻译7.控制传染源是抑制微生物传染病传播的重要措施，下列做法属于对传染源进行控制的是（ ）A.接种特效疫苗B.设立隔离病房C.注射相应抗体D.室内定期通风8.在真核细胞中，细胞分裂周期蛋白6(Cdc6)是启动细胞DNA复制的必需蛋白，其主要功能是促进“复制前复合体”形成，进而启动DNA复制。
参照图1所示的细胞周期，“复制前体复合体”组装完成的时间点是（ ）A.1B.2C.3D.49.果蝇的长翅（V）对残翅（v）为显性。
在一个由600只长翅果蝇和400只残翅果蝇组成的种群中，若杂合子占所有个体的40%，那么隐性基因v 在该种群内的基因频率为（ ）A.20%B.40%C.60%D.80%10.图2为果蝇X染色体的部分基因图，下列对此X染色体的叙述错误的是（ ）A.若来自雄性，则经减数分裂不能产生重组型配子B.若来自雌性，则经减数分裂能产生重组型配子C.若发生交换，则发生在X和Y的非姐妹染色单体之间D.右发生交换，图所示四个基因中， f与w基因间交换频率最高11.在一个典型的基因内部，转录起始位点（TSS）、转录终止位点（TTS）、起始密码序列（ATG）、终止密码子编码序列（TGA）的排列顺序是（ ）A.ATG-TGA-TSS-TTSB.TSS-ATG-TGA-TTSC.ATG-TSS-TTS-TGAD.TSS-TTS-ATG-TGA12.某病毒的基因组为双链DNA，其一条链上的局部序列为ACGCAT, 以该链的互补链为模板转录出相应的mRNA, 后者又在宿主细胞中逆转录成单链DNA（称为cDNA）。
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崇明县2013学年第一学期期末考试试卷高三生命科学本试卷分为第I 卷（第1-5页）和第II 卷（第6-12页）两部分，全卷共12页。
满分150分。
考试时间为120分钟。
请将答案填写在答题纸上．．．．．．．．．。
第I 卷一、单选题（共60分，每小题只有一个正确选项，每题2分）1．生产实践中被广泛用于牛奶、奶酪、啤酒等产品的消毒方法是 ………………………（ ） A ．酒精消毒B ．巴氏消毒法C ．高压蒸汽灭菌D ．酒精灯火焰灼烧2．下列关于核酸的叙述，正确的是 …………………………………………………………（ ）A ．DNA 有氢键，RNA 没有氢键B ．病毒都有遗传物质DNA 和RNAC ．叶肉细胞既有DNA ，也有RNAD ．细胞器中只有核糖体含有RNA3．下图为四种不同微生物的比较结果，错误的是 …………………………………………（ ）4．下列有关细胞壁的说法正确的是 …………………………………………………………（ ）①所有生物的细胞壁都含有纤维素 ②纤维素使植物细胞壁具有一定韧性 ③细胞壁的合成与高尔基体有关 ④细胞壁对物质进出细胞具有选择透过性 A ．①② B ．③④C ．②③D ．①④5．下列有关有丝分裂实验的操作及表述正确的是 …………………………………………（ ）A ．换用高倍镜时从侧面观察可以防止物镜与装片碰擦B ．由于处在分裂期细胞较少且小，观察时适当调节显微镜视野C ．为观察染色体不同层面的精细结构，用粗准焦螺旋调节焦距D ．一个视野中，用10⨯物镜看到8个细胞，用40⨯物镜则可看到32个细胞6．（ ）A ．能量1可能来自于有机物的氧化分解B ．图中能量2 来自于“①”和“②”被水解的过程C ．如果能量1只来自于光能，那么能量2只能用于C 3的还原D ．如果“①、②”都被水解，则水解的产物中有合成RNA 的原料7．将发芽的小麦种子“切碎→研磨”后制成匀浆样液。
在1、3、5号试管中分别加入2 mL 蒸馏水，2、4、6号试管中分别加入2 mL 发芽的小麦种子匀浆样液，然后在1～4号试管中适量滴加班氏试剂，5、6号试管中合理滴加双缩脲试剂，摇匀。
预期观察到的实验现象是 …………（ ）①1、3、5号试管内都呈蓝色 ②3组实验中甲组和乙组的实验现象相同③4号试管内呈红黄色，其余试管内都呈蓝色 ④4号试管内呈红黄色，6号试管内呈紫色A ．①④B ．②③C ．①③D ．②④8程①，下列叙述正确的是…………………………（ ）A ．X→Y 的反应过程发生在线粒体中B ．Y 、Q 分别代表丙酮酸和甘油C ．Z 不可能是氨基酸经过脱氨基后的产物D ．P→Y 后加入此代谢途径的场所在肝脏细胞中 9．下列关于生命科学研究方法与发展过程的叙述，错误的是 ……………………………（ ）A. 细胞学说从细胞层面上揭示了生物界具有统一性B. 噬菌体侵染细菌的实验证明了蛋白质不是遗传物质C.样方法可以解决活动性不强的动物取样方法上的难题D. 孟德尔揭示的遗传规律为近代遗传学的形成提供了最根本的基础理论10．右图示燕麦胚芽鞘在单侧光照下向光弯曲生长图，下列属于胚芽鞘向光弯曲原因…（ ） ①单侧光引起生长素由向光侧往背光侧转移②单侧光作用使生长素在向光侧积累 ③生长素促进背光侧细胞伸长生长④向光侧生长素浓度过低而抑制了细胞的生长 A ．①②B ．①③C ．②④D ．③④11．下列关于生物体与水分的关系，叙述正确的是…………………………………………（ ）A ．休眠的种子不含自由水B ．植物细胞都通过渗透作用吸水C ．人体内水的排出取决于血浆中抗利尿激素浓度D ．人体不感觉失水是指通过蒸发散热从皮肤散失的水分12．某蛋白质由124个氨基酸组成，其中有8个－SH ，在肽链形成空间结构（如右图）时，生成4个二硫键（－S －S －）。
该蛋白质分子形 成过程中减少的分子量和至少含有的O 原子数分别 ………（ ）Y Z P Q 背光侧向光侧光S S S S S SS S甲组（室温） 乙组（60℃水浴） 丙组（室温）A ．2222 125B ．2214 125C ．2222 124D ．2160 12413．下列过程不能体现生物膜具有信息传递功能的是………………………………………（ ）A ．抗原刺激引发记忆细胞增殖分化B ．红细胞在低渗溶液中发生溶血现象C ．胰岛素调节靶细胞对葡萄糖的摄取D ．传出神经细胞兴奋引起肌肉收缩 14．关于酶的叙述，错误的是…………………………………………………………………（ ）①同一种酶可存在于分化程度不同的活细胞中②低温能降低酶活性的原因是其破坏了酶的空间结构 ③酶活性最高时的温度不适合对该酶的保存 ④酶一定是在核糖体合成的A ．①②B ．③④C ．①③D ．②④ 15．大豆种子萌发过程中鲜重的变化曲线如图，下列相关叙述正确的是 ………………………（ ） A ．阶段Ⅰ和Ⅲ种子的鲜重明显增加主要是种子吸收了土壤中的无机盐B ．阶段Ⅲ中，种子的胚细胞内水的主要存在形式是结合水C ．阶段Ⅱ期间与解除大豆种子休眠并促进其萌发有关的激素是乙烯D ．阶段Ⅲ中根向地生长的原因是生长素分布不均抑制了根的近地侧生长16．关于同一个体中细胞有丝分裂和减数第一次分裂的叙述，正确的是…………………（ ）A ．两者前期染色体数目相同，染色体行为和DNA 分子数目不同B ．两者中期染色体数目不同，染色体行为和DNA 分子数目相同C ．两者后期染色体行为和数目不同，DNA 分子数目相同D ．两者后期染色体行为和数目相同，DNA 分子数目不同17．人类有多种血型系统，MN 血型和Rh 血型是其中的两种。
MN 血型由常染色体上的1对等位基因M 、N 控制，M 血型的基因型为MM ，N 血型的基因型为NN ，MN 血型的基因型MN ；Rh 血型由常染色体上的另1对等位基因R 和r 控制，RR 和Rr 表现为Rh 阳性，rr 表现为Rh 阴性：这两对等位基因自由组合。
若某对夫妇中，丈夫和妻子的血型均为MN 型-Rh 阳性，且已生出1个血型为MN 型-Rh 阴性的儿子，则再生1个血型为MN 型-Rh 型阳性女儿的概率是…（ ）A ．3/8B ．3/16C ．1/8D ．1/1618．对下列生产实践中所利用的育种技术和原理对应错误的是……………………………（ ）①水稻F1花药经培养和染色体加倍，获得基因型纯合新品种 ②抗虫小麦与矮秆小麦杂交，获得抗虫矮秆小麦③将含抗病基因的重组DNA 导入玉米细胞，经组织培养获得抗病植株④用射线照射大豆使其基因结构发生改变，获得种子性状发生变异的大豆A ．①属于单倍体育种、原理是染色体变异B ．②属于杂交育种、原理是基因重组C ．③属于基因工程、原理是植物细胞全能性D ．④属于诱变育种、原理是基因突变 19．下列有关人体内环境的描述错误的是……………………………………………………（ ）①糖原出现在血浆中 ②神经递质对靶细胞发挥作用的场所在组织液中 ③淋巴细胞的内环境不可能是血浆 ④淋巴液起源于组织液A ．①②B ．③④C ．①③D ．②④种子休眠干种子20．右图表示具有生物活性的蛙坐骨神经－腓肠肌标本，神经末梢与肌细胞的接触部位类似于突触，称“神经－肌接头”。
下列叙述错误的是…………………………………（ ） A ．“神经－肌接头”处可发生电信号与化学信号的转变 B ．电刺激①处，肌肉会收缩，灵敏电流计指针也会偏转 C ．电刺激②处，神经纤维上的电流计会记录到电位变化D ．神经纤维上兴奋的传导方向与膜内的电流方向相同21．动物和人体内具有分裂和分化能力的细胞称为干细胞。
对下图的相关叙述中，错误的是（ ） A ．a 过程表示干细胞能自我更新 B ．b 、c 过程表示干细胞具有分化能力C ．a 、b 、c 过程中细胞的遗传信息表达情况不同D ．b 过程形成的细胞中不可能会产生解旋酶22．在搭建DNA 分子模型的实验中，若有4种碱基塑料片共20个，其中4个C ，6个G ，3个A ，7个T ，脱氧核糖和磷酸之间的连接物14个，脱氧核糖塑料片40个，磷酸塑料片100个，代表氢键的连接物若干，脱氧核糖和碱基之间的连接物若干，则………………（ ）A ．能搭建出20个脱氧核苷酸B ．能搭建出410种不同的DNA 分子模型 C ．所搭建的DNA 分子片段最长为7碱基对 D ．能搭建出一个4碱基对的DNA 分子片段 23．下表是某人的血液检查结果，依据检查结果对某人健康作出的相关判断，正确的是（ ）①肝功能可能有损伤 ②肾滤过作用有障碍 ③可能会出现尿糖 ④可能HDL 合成量较低A．①④ B ．②③ C ．①③④ D ．①②③④ 24．水稻有多种品种，如籼稻、粳稻和糯稻，早稻、中稻和晚稻，米粒呈白色的普通稻和米粒呈绿色、黄色、红色等的有色稻。
下列叙述中正确的是…………………………………（ ）①水稻的性状差异是由多种基因控制的 ②用PCR 技术可以检测早稻和晚稻的遗传多样性③用辛普森指数可以表示稻田中各品种的丰富度 ④水稻中存在着物种多样性 A ．①② B ．②③ C ．①④ D．②④25．固定化酶是20世纪60年代迅速发展起来的一种技术。
科研人员用海藻酸钠作为包埋剂来固定小麦酯酶，以研究固定化酶的相关性质和最佳固定条件。
酶活力为固定化酶催化化学反应的总效率，它包括酶的活性和酶的数量。
下图甲、乙、丙为部分研究结果。
下列叙述中错误的是…（ ）腓肠肌温度/℃ 海藻酸钠浓度/% 使用次数 酶活力酶活力20 30 40 50 60 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 2 4 6 8 · · · · · · · · · · · · ·甲 乙 丙 干细胞A ．由甲图可知，固定化酯酶比游离酯酶对温度变化适应性更强B ．由乙图可知，浓度为3%的海藻酸钠包埋效果最好C ．由丙图可知，固定化酯酶一般可重复使用3次，之后若继续使用则酶活力明显下降D ．固定化酶的酶活力较高，主要原因是增加了酶与底物的接触面积 26．右图为某生物一个细胞的分裂图像，着丝点均在染色体端部，图中1、2、3、4 各表示一条染色体。
下列表述正确的是………（ ） A ．图中细胞处于减数第二次分裂前期B ．染色体1 与2 在后续的分裂过程中会相互分离C ．图中细胞的染色体数是体细胞的2 倍D ．染色体1 与3 必定会出现在同一子细胞中27．甘蓝型油菜花色性状由三对等位基因控制，三对等位基因分别位于三对同源染色体上。
花色表现型与基因型之间的对应关系如表。
下列相关叙述错误的是………………………（ ）表现型 白花 乳白花 黄花 金黄花基因型 AA Aa aaB aaDaabbddA ．白花 (AABBDD)×黄花(aaBBDD)，F1 测交后代的花色表现型只有2种B ．黄花 (aaBBDD)×金黄花，F1 自交后代F2 中黄花基因型有9种C ．欲同时获得四种花色表现型的子一代，可选择基因型为AaBbDd 的个体自交D ．基因型为AaBbDd 的个体自交，子一代比例最高的花色表现型是乳白花28．几种性染色体异常果蝇的性别、育性（可育/不可育）如下图所示，下列说法中错误的是（ ）A ．正常果蝇配子的染色体组型为3+X 或3+YB ．如果甲、乙、丙、丁是因同一亲本的异常配子造成，则最可能是雌配子异常C ．甲图白眼雌果蝇（r r X X Y ）最多能产生r X 、r r X X 、r X Y 和Y 四种类型的配子D ．白眼雌果蝇（r r X X Y ）与红眼雄果蝇（R X Y ）杂交，子代红眼雌果蝇的基因型只有R r X X 一种29．已知4个连锁基因的交换值分别是：A 和B 为40%，B 和C 为20%，C 和D 为10%，C 和A为20%，D 和B 为10%。