04 阅读理解A篇-2020年上海市高三英语二模专项汇编
上海市2020年第二次高考模拟考试英语试题及答案
上海市2020年第二次高考模拟考试英语试题及答案（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）考生注意事项：1.答卷前，着生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答題卡上。
2.回蓉选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答題卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)（略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、BC和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AWhy don’t quiet carriages work, and how might they be make to? Quiet carriages on trains are a nice idea: travelers voluntarily make their phones silent, turn stereos off and keep chatter to a minimum. However, in reality, there is usually at least one silly babbler(喋喋不休的人) to break the silence.A couple of problems prevent peaceful trips. First, there is a sorting problem: some passengers end up in the quiet carriage by accident and are not aware of the rules. Second, there is a commitment problem: noise is sometimes made by travelers who choose the quiet carriage but find an important call hard to ignore.The train operators are trying to find answers. Trains in Queensland Australia, are having permanent signs added to show exactly what is expected; a British operator has invested in some technology to prevent phone calls.Microeconomics suggests another approach. Fining people for making a noise would surely dissuade(劝阻) the polluter and is a neat solution in theory, but it requires costly monitoring and enforcement. Another way would be to use prices to separate quiet and noisy passengers－in effect, creating a market for silence. A simple idea would be to sell access to the quiet carriage as an optional extra when the ticket is bought. Making the quiet coach both an active choice and a costly one would dissuade many of those who don’t value a peaceful ride.Charging may also solve the commitment problem. This is particularly tricky, as attitudes to noise canchange during the journey. Some passengers would pay the quiet premium but still chatter away when some vital news arrives. Schemes that reward the silent－a rating system among fellow passengers, for example －could help. The idea is that losing your hard-won reputation offsets the short-term gain from using the phone. But such a system also fails the simplicity test.A 2010 book by George Akerlof and Rachel Kranton argues that “norms”－feelings about how everyone should behave－also play a role in decision-making. Charging a price, even if just a token amount, means the quiet carriage becomes a service that fellow passengers have bought, not just a preference they have expressed. Perhaps different norms would come into play, encouraging calm. If not, a personal bubble is always an option: noise-canceling headphones start at around $50.1. According to the passage, what does microeconomics suggest?A. Finding the source of noise.B. Putting a price on noise.C. Avoid using a phone in the carriage.D. Investing more money in monitoring and enforcement.2. By “a personal bubble is always an option,” the author means ________.A. one can make his own choiceB. one sh ould respect others’ privacyC. one can create his own personal spaceD. one should stick to his personal budget3. This passage is mainly about ________.A. people’s favoured transportationB. effective methods of monitoring noise levelsC. possible solutions to noise in train carriagesD. common forms of misbehavior of passengersBThe great-grandmother is learning English with the help of her family when she is at the age of 91. She hopes to use the language at next year’s Olympic Games in Tokyo. Takamiz awa was one of the more than 200, 00 people who requested to volunteer for Tokyo’s 2020 Games. English is not required for service, but it is a useful skill for volunteers to have.But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, “In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language.”Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. “Whe n I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, ‘It’s not too late. We will teach you one word a day’ ”. Natsuko is Takamizawa’s granddaughter and main English teacher. Natsuko sends a new English word to her grandmother’s phone every day. They al so often work together directly on phrases that Takamizawa will need for the Olympics. “Welcome to Tokyo, this is the Olympic stadium, how can I help you?” Takamizawa answers when asked to say an English phrase she has learned. Natsuko explains that she wa nted to give her grandmother something to enjoy. “I can clearly see her English is getting better. It’s my joy now.”The EF English Proficiency Index is a measure of the level of English spoken in a country. Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language. This situation is slowly changing as younger generations welcome English. However, Takamizawa believes real change will not happen unless Japanese people become more open to the rest of the world. With around 500 days to go until the games begin, the whole Takamizawa family is ready to welcome the world to Tokyo.4. Why couldn’t Takamizawa learn English when she was young?A. Because English was useless.B. Because she was too young to learn English.C. Because English was forbidden to learn.D. Because she was unwilling to learn English.5. What can we know from the third paragraph?A. Takamizawa gets strong support from her family.B. Takamizawa’s grandchildren love her a lot.C. Natsuko is Takamizawa’s granddaughter and only Engl ish teacher.D. Natsuko teaches Takamizawa English mainly by talking with her.6. What does the underlined phrase “This situation” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. English is not the first language in Japan.B. The level of English spoken in Japan is relatively low.C. Younger generations in Japan welcome English.D. Japanese people become open to the rest of the world.7. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Where there is a will, there is a way.B. It is never too late to learn.C. The early bird catches the worm.D. Two heads are better than one.CIt is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds tend to do less well in the education system. In an attempt to help the children of poor families, a nationwide program called “Headstart” was started in the US in 1965. A lot of money was poured into it. It took children into pre-school institutions at the age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school. But the results have been disappointing , because the program began too late. Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process. At the end of each day, “Headstart” children returned to the same disadvantaged hom e environment.To improve the results, another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child,s first teachers. This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life. The four-year study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and represented different social-economic status, age and family structure. The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the parent or parents and the child. The program also gave the parents some guidance, and useful skills on child development.At three, the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected from the same socio-economic background and family situations. The results were obvious. The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers. They performed equally well regardless of socio-economic backgrounds or family structure. The one factor that was found to affect the child,s development was the poor quality ofparent-child interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Headstart” program. Without a similar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years, some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational unfairness.8. What caused the failure of the “Headstart” program ?A. The large number of poor families.B. The disapproval from children.C. The late start of the program.D. The long period of time.9. What do we know about the “Missouri” program ?A. It focused on the children,s first school teachers.B. It helped the children return to the same home.C. It made the children improved in many aspects.D. It gave the parents advice on their development.10. According to the passage, what is likely to influence children,s performance ?A. The number of family members.B. The parent-child communication.C. The intelligence of their parents.D. The teacher-student relationship.11. How does the author develop the passage ?A. By listing figures.B. By making comparisons.C. By giving examples.D. By drawing conclusions.DWe’ve all been there: those times you need to argue your point of view to someone who you know disagrees with you. You immediately go to your keyboard and start to type out that 280-character tweet, the Facebook reply, or a paragraphs-long email. Surely the reason, logic, and strong power of your written words will convince whoever it is who disagrees with you to see your point of view. But new research suggests a different idea.That research was conducted by Juliana Schroeder, assistant professor of University of California, Berkeley, and her colleagues. In Schroeder’s study of almost 300 people, participants were asked to watch, listen, and read arguments about subjects they agreed or disagreed with. They were asked to judge the character of the communicator and the quality of the argument. Schroeder’s team found that the participants who watched or listened to the communicator were less dismissive (抵触的)of their claims than when they read that communicator’s same argument.The idea for her study came from a newspaper article about a politician. One of us read a speech that was printed in a newspaper from a politician with whom he strongly disagreed. The next week, he heard the exact same speech playing on a radio station. He was shocked by how different his reaction was toward the politician when he read the speech compared to when he heard it. When he read the statement, the politician seemed idiotic, but when he heard it spoken, the politician actually sounded reasonable.So in the workplace, speaking to someone in person often involves nothing more than walking a few doors down to their office. And that’s exactly what you should do if you need to con vince that boss or colleague of why your blueprint for the company or project is the right one.Only as a last way should you try to communicate with someone who you disagree with over social media. Twitter’s limited text allowance and social media users’ short attention make arguing your point anuphill battle.12. What’s the result of the research?A. Written words are more logical and reasonable.B. People prefer to communicate with key board.C. When reading an argument, the participants were less dismissive than hearing it.D. Oral, not written, communication works better.13. Why is the politician mentioned in paragraph3?A. To introduce the topic for discussion.B. To summarize the previous paragraphs.C. To explain why Schroeder conducted the research.D. To introduce the politician’s speech.14. What does the underlined word “idiotic’’in paragraph 3 mean?A. Wise.B. Practical.C. Silly.D. Special.15. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?A. To persuade your boss, you need to walk to his office and leave a message.B. It’s difficult to fully explain your points due to social media’s limitation.C. Arguing over social media is more convenient than speaking in person.D. Communicating with others over social media is encouraged.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
上海市2020年高考英语模拟试题及答案(二)
上海市2020年高考英语模拟试题及答案（二）（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）考生注意事项：1.答卷前，着生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答題卡上。
2.回蓉选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答題卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) （略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、BC和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AIn 2018 to which we've just said goodbye, we've seen excellent movies such as Black Panther, Crazy Rich Asians and A Star Is Born. In 2019 there will be returns to classic movie characters and stories. Here are movies not to miss.Spider-Man-.Far H0- July 5, USTom Holland, the actor of 2017's Spider-Man: Homecoming, returns to play Peter Parker, a high school student who gains superpowers after being bitten by a spider(蜘蛛). When we see him again in theaters, Spider – Man will have a new red - and – black suit. The movie will take Peter on a global adventure outside of the US. According to Marved Studios President Kevin Feige, Spider - Man will try a return to his “normal" self; he will try to find his old powers on his new journey.Hobbs and Shaw, July 26,USTo most people the Fast and Furious series is all about crazy drivers racing in sports car. But in Hobbs and Shaw, humor is added to the action - packed thrills. The new film will hit US theaters on July 26. Famous English actor Jaso n Statham will star alongside Dwayne Johnson, “The Rock”, as Deckaid Shaw and Luke Hobbs respectively, as in their previous appearances in Fast and Furious 8. The action and chemistry really thrill their audience. But the new action scenes between an MI6 agent Hobbs and the killer Shaw will have to be good to beat their stand - off in the 2017 movie.The Lion King, July 19, USThis is a brand - new version of the classic children’s film. The story of wide - eyed young lion Simba still remains in hearts of world audiences even after 25 years. In this re-telling, Simba again begins the difficult journey to become the King of the Pride Lands，a vast African prairie(大草原).The favorite part of the story for many has always been the friendship between Simba, Timon and Punibaa. The last two sacrifice all they have to help Simba to become the king. How will the new movie re-imagine their famous relationship?1. Which movie will probably be most popular among children?A. Spider - Man: Far From Home.B. Hobbs and Shaw.C. Fast and Furious 8.D. The Lion King.2. What do the three movies have in common?A. The heroes have appeared in previous movies.B. They have the complex plot and humor style.C. They will be on in theaters in July worldwide.D. Famous actors and actresses act in the movies.3. What’s the writing purpose of the text?A. To ask for movie reviews.B. To make comments on the movies.C. To encourage readers to watch filmsD. To instruct readers to know styles of movie.BA simple project to help a family in need stopped Luke Mickelson in his tracks. In 2012, he and his family were inspired to build and donate a bunk bed, one bed on top of the other, after learning there were local children who slept on the floor. Shocked to discover how widespread this need was in his community, Mickelson founded Sleep in Heavenly Peace, a nonprofit that builds and delivers beds to children in need.Born and raised in Idaho, Mickelson, now 41, had a thriving career. He coached his kids’ sports teams and fished in the nearby river. But when he met children who were sleeping on the floor, his peaceful life changed course.Using safety guidelines and his daughter’s bunk bed as a model, Mickelson started buying wood and supplies to build beds with his own money. He recruited friends and family members to help around the holiday. As word spread, interest and involvement from his and other communities flooded—along with Mickelson’s bunk bed output. “That first project, we built 11 bunk beds in my garage,” he said. “The next year, we did 15. Then it doubled every year. In 2017, we built 612 bunk beds.”With the motto “No kid sleeps on the floor in our town”, the nonprofit and its more than 65 branches have built and delivered more than 1,500 free beds to children across America. But along with the rapid growth, Mickelson was faced with a tough choice: advancing his career or his nonprofit. He chose the latter and went from making “great money to zero money”. He’s never looked back. “I found that the need I have isn’t financial,” he said. “The need I have is seeing the joy on kids’ faces, knowing that I can make a difference.”4. Why did Mickelson set up Sleep in Heavenly Peace?A. To help the poor children.B. To make a big fortune.C. To inspire his community.D. To get more donations.5. What do we know about Luke Mickelson?A. He had his own fish farm.B. He changed his career from time to time.C. He used to sleep on the floor when he was a kid.D. He originally had a relaxing and pleasant life.6. How did other peop le react to Mickelson’s project?A. They showed little interest in it.B. They were supportive and involved in it.C. They were doubtful about the safety of the bunk bed.D. They volunteered to buy beds with their own money.7. What is Mickelson’s attitude to the nonprofit?A. AmbiguousB. Defensive.C. Cautious.D. Positive.CLearning how to face silence in conversation is an important skill especially when working across cultures.In international negotiations, experienced negotiator (谈判者) stay silent and impassive on purpose because that will make others feel uncomfortable and possibly make compromises without having to do anything. Americans especially can’t stand silence, so they often are the first to break the silence and sometimes might be at a disadvantage in negotiations.So what’s the best response? Set your jaw and wait it out. Don’t offer a compromise just because theyare not speaking. If you have to say something, ask a direct question, such as “What’s your initial reaction to that offer?” Once a silence is getting into 45 seconds you could say, “Let’s come back to that in a minute and go on with the next part of our negotiation.”In presentations, silence can be far more effective than dramatic passion (热情). Before starting, look at the audie nce and be silent for a moment because that says, “I’m in control. I know what I’m doing. I’m confident.”A classic example was when Apple co-founder Steve Jobs launched the first iPhone. He introduced with many pauses so that you didn’t miss his key point s. Because silence makes us nervous, our natural reaction is that we’d better pay attention, there’s something going on here.Equally, when giving a speech to staff or trainees, pauses count-especially if there are negatives. If you keep talking you’re spoon feeding. Give people a moment of silence to get beyond the emotional response and to start thinking consciously and processing.Silence can be an inward-focused thoughtful activity or an outward stillness where you give yourself the time to watch and think and listen to the world around you. Having observed the use of silence in Finland and also among the Blackfeet Nation, a North American Indian tribe in northern Montana in the US, we can see benefits far beyond wheeling and dealing.Silence can be a very powerful point for understanding ourselves, understanding others, for developing better common understanding and more productive outcomes and that applies to business, politics, education, law, medicine, every area of human life.8. What is most likely to be Americans idea?A. Speaking less gives the upper handB. The shorter talking gaps are, the better.C. A silent man is the best one to listen toD. Speak out what you have in your mind.9. What is the purpose of the example of Steve Jobs?A. To show the wisdom of Steve Jobs.B. To explain silence can be more effective.C. To introduce how to make a presentation.D. To prove silence can ease one’s nervousness.10. What is the meaning of the underlined words “spoon feeding” in Paragraph 6?A. Supporting some person with any selfless help.B. Feeding somebody patiently with a small spoon.C. Giving others some new ideas to think over carefully.D. Using a way that discourages independent thought.11. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Silence is the best defense.B. Silence in negotiations is of great help.C. Learning the skills about silence is important.D. Silence has different meanings in difficult culture.DBritish people work some of the longest hours in Europe, but are among the least productive. Now some companies are shortening the working week to increase efficiency, health and happiness.Rich Leigh has introduced a four-day week at his PR company. In fact, his entire company has Friday off, because his firm has adopted a four-day week. It is one of a handful of UK businesses that now operate like this: staff still get paid their previous five-day salary, but they work a day less. The company found that they achieved just as much—and there were even sighs of growth. “The key to the scheme’s success,” Leigh says, “is how happy our employees now are.”The average British worker takes only a 34 minute lunch break and works 10 hours overtime each week (more often than not this is unpaid). Yet UK productivity falls seriously behind their European neighbors, who tend to work fewer hours.British working practices have caused loss and damage to the nation’s health and happiness. More than half a million workers in the UK were signed off with work-related stress or anxiety last year. Moreover, the work landscape itself is changing. Automation and AI will have a significant impact on the labor market, where unsteady work becomes more common.Britain is the only EU member that allows workers to ignore the EU working time limit and work longer ho urs. For campaigners, now is the time for a change. O’Grady, an advocate, argues that where businesses have increased their profits as a result of automation, success should be shared with workers in the form of reduced hours. “It’s time to share the benef its from new technology, not allowing those at the top to grab them for themselves.” she says.12. We can learn from the passage that ________.A. British people are the least productive in the worldB. Most companies in Britain have conducted a four-day weekC. PR company has witnessed a rise in employees’ happinessD. British people work longer and get more payment than other countries13. Which is the proper description of British working practices?A. The working time of British workers is within the EU limit.B. In terms of productivity, Britain is beaten by the United States.C. Profits gained from new technology are on the decrease.D. Automation and AI are likely to cause an instable work market.14. Which can be inferred from O’Grady’ s words in the last paragraph?A. It’s time for employers to share the increased profits created by automation.B. Workers should benefit from automation in the form of less working hours.C. New technology should belong to both businesses and workers.D. Businesses can’t make more profits without new technology.15. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?A. To introduce some British firms’ switch to a four-day working week.B. To explain the reasons why British workers suffer stress and anxiety.C. To appeal for more reasonable working conditions.D. To present the current productivity problem in Britain.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海高考模拟二模考_高三英语(A卷)测试卷( Word版含答案 )
2019-2020学年上海高考模拟二模考高三英语A卷 2020年（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）第I卷(共100分)I. Listening Comprehension（25分）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a gym. B. In a department store.C. In a shoe-repair shop.D. On the playground.2. A. She appreciates the man's help.B. She worked hard on her speech.C. Her speech was somewhat long.D. She should have made better preparation.3. A. Forty. B. Thirty. C. Fifteen. D. Twenty.4. A. Indifferent. B. Apologetic. C. Excited. D. Disappointed.5. A. A cartoon. B. A movie about a talk show.C. A comedy.D. A violent movie.6. A. A holiday plan . B. An outdoor activity.C. The weather forecast.D. The view of a lake.7. A. Fix the camera. B. Take photos.C. Set up a sign.D. Teach the woman.8. A. She seldom receives letters from her old friends.B. She keeps touch with her former classmates regularly.C. The man must reply to the e-mail immediately out of courtesy.D. The man should drop a few lines occasionally.9. A. She must have left the book in the reading room.B. She needn’t have borrowed so many books.C. She should remember to put things in good order.D. The notebook might be hidden under the pile of journals.10. A. She will not stay up late in the future.B. She couldn’t understand why the man enjoyed the lecture,C. She was too tried to focus on the lecture,D. The literature class was too boring for herSection BDirections: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following dialogue.11. A. The benefit of chewing gum.B. Signs in the classroom.C. The importance of attention.D. Ways to remove the sticky substance.12. A. Do some calculations.B. Write down some numbers.C. Answer questions.D. Finish a test paper.13. A. By asking for a leave.B. By pretending to chew gum.C. By wandering in class.D. By taking in more oxygen.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. 1973. B. 36,500. C. 20. D.300,000.15. A. Workers' wages increase largely every year.B. More money is spent on citizens' welfare.C. Foreign investment is favoured.D. Business activity is regulated.16. A. lreland's traditional values. B. Ireland's future development.C. Ireland's amazing history.D. lreland's economic growth. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.17. A. How to care for precious metals.B. A standard unit for measuring weight.C. The value of precious metals.D. The wide use of scales.18. A. To check the accuracy of scales.B. To calculate the density of other metals.C. To observe changes in the atmosphere.D. To measure amounts of rainfall.19. A. Someone lost it.B. Someone spilled water on it.C. It was made of low quality metal.D. The standard for measuring had changed.20. A. It is reasonable for an object with such an important function.B. It is a small amount to pay for so much precious metal.C. It is difficult to judge the value of such an object.D. It is too high for such a light weight. II. Grammar and Vocabulary（20分）Section A（10分）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.China's leading online English learning brand 51Talk held (21)______ annual strategic conference in Beijing on Tuesday, with a focus on wider market access, more individual learning modes and AI technology applications.The brand,(22)______(bear) the idea of allowing more children to enjoy quality education, has announced strategic cooperation with partners including family early education brand Qiaohu, Aniworld TV and US publishing house TCM.Chinese singer and actor Wang Junkai, who boasts high popularity (23)______ younger Chinese, has been invited to be the brand's latest spokesman.Huang Jiajia, founder and CEO of 51Talk, said at the press conference the brand's users cover more than 500 cities nationwide, and the total amount of courses taken by learners has exceeded 3 million in a single month.Huang also believed 51Talk(24)______(dedicate) to promoting"universal education" since its establishment in 2011."Enjoying qualified foreign teachers in language leaning (25)______ not be the exclusive privilege of children from wealthy families and of China's first-tier cities. What 51Talk has been doing is making education resources accessible to more people," the CEO added.To this end, 51Talk is ready to expand its appeal to more second- and third-tier cities, and is expected (26)______(reach) more than 1,000 cities across the nation this year. Also, the English learning brand is poised to conduct (27)______ "one plus one" strategy by arranging foreign and Chinese teachers for learners."Foreign teachers will continue to show off their professional teaching skills (28)______ Chinese teachers will act as the bridge to connect foreign teachers and students," Huang said, adding thecombination of foreign teachers and Chinese education can not only improve learning and communication efficiency, but also help students to achieve better results.(29)______ ______, 51Talk will continue to follow the Belt and Road Initiative and introduce more Philippine foreign teachers to the teaching team.Huang said Philippine foreign teachers have a high-level English teaching ability, (30)______ plays an important role in improving Chinese students' interest in learning English.Section B（10分）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.For years people have recognized the power that writing something down has been able to anchor (固定) a thought or emotion in the brain. This (31)_______ of anchoring emotions and memories with physical touch is now well supported by studies and frequently used by those who practice Neuro-linguistic Programming (NLP).Evidence that the mind and body connection exists in building and (32)_______ memories is abundant. More recently, however, researchers have been turning their attention to the (33)_________ between exercise and the brain. They are finding evidence that supports the belief that exercise can boost brain power.How can that happen? U.S. researchers have found that exercise helps that brain develop new brain cells in an area of the brain called the dentate gyrus. This area is known to be involved with age-related memory loss. The studies performed (34)_______ mice and later humans supported the evidence found in those studies: there was increased blood flow to the memory center of the brain after exercise, which may help optimize the way the brain (35)_______. Basically, anything that helps the body to decrease stress hormones, which will improve attention span as well as mood and increase the body’s metabolism, will also help the brain. It helps by making the brain cells healthier and better able to link to other cells. This action is vital for learning and (36)_________ new information.The fact that exercise makes positive changes in the nervous system and boosts cognitive abilities has not gone (37)______ by schools. Many states have now established minimum times and frequency for physical education. This type of action is supported by studies that show how much better physically fit third graders and fifth graders performed on standardized tests than students who were still in their studies all the time. The evidence that (38)________ obesity with lower levels of academic achievement in school children is starting to catch on everywhere.Walking (39)_______ at least three times a week was found to benefit your brain, for it will cease to grow for a lack of exercise. Creative writing benefits brain a lot as this type of activity is not mechanic and cause the brain to produce new (40)_______ which stimulate new dendrites and neurons to grow in the brain. Use one or more of your physical senses, involve your complete attention and break away from your routine in a significant way as dull brain is never ready for the unexpected.III. Reading Comprehension（45分）Section A（15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A college degree is, in most cases, the key to more money and a more comfortable standard of living. But that pathway to higher earnings is more (41) ______ to some than others: A lot of leading colleges do not enroll a lot of low-income students, and as a result, they’re not (42) ______very many students from low-income households into the middle and upper classes. (43) ______, though strategies for enrolling and preserving low-income students are usually mentioned, they can be tough to (44) ______ at scale.Dozens of top colleges and universities have more students from the top 1 percent of the income scale than the (45) ______ 60 percent. And that’s a problem if colleges hope to escape the common (46) ______that they are little more than a finishing school for the elite (精英).But there are institutions — a lot of them — that have strong track records of (47) ______ the socioeconomic fortunes of students. If higher education is supposed to be the great equalizer (平衡器), these institutions — from community colleges to public regional four-year colleges — are the ones that are doing the most work.Colleges should be (48) ______ recruiting and enrolling low-income students — and that means more than targeting ads to (49) ______ students on social media. It means a commitment to going where they are — areas that a lot of schools do not typically recruit — and publicize the process of going to college. Then they should be supporting students with (50) ______ when the students get to campus — whether it’s writing centers, generous financial aid packages, or simply sympathetic academic advisors who perhaps came from low-income backgrounds themselves. And it is also preparing students for jobs after college and building relationships with businesses that (51) ______ the process of finding post-graduation employment for students, especially for those whose parents don’t have their own professional (52) ______.Pace ranks first among private colleges in motivating its students from the lowest levels of the income scale and into the middle and upper class. There are a lot of ways in which people of privilege (特权) (53) ______ their college years or having unpaid internships (实习) or having the social capital to get certain jobs. But colleges can fill those (54) ______, particularly for low-income students, helping students get jobs, or sustaining them with programs that help them land paid internships with top companies. We can provide strong networks through faculty and staff as well to help a new generation, a new, socioeconomically (55) ______ generation, achieve the American dream.41. A. significant B. necessary C. available D. realistic42. A. evaluating B. urging C. refusing D. promoting43. A. However B. What's more C. By contrast D. On the whole44. A. implement B. replace C. overcome D. track45. A. minimum B. bottom C. medium D. optimum46. A. criticism B. comment C. practice D. suspicion 47. A. worsening B. claiming C. improving D. denying48. A. directly B. strictly C. actively D. cautiously49. A. urban B. native C. suburban D. prospective50. A. resources B. coaches C. skills D. funds51. A. push B. ease C. slow D. affect52. A. trainings B. careers C. standards D. networks53. A. benefit from B. invest in C. fit into D. advance through54. A. vacancies B. gaps C. bottoms D. blanks55. A. competitive B. responsible C. diverse D. dynamicSection B（22分）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A round face, big eyes, soft fur and a quiet purr. It’s not easy to resist the company of an adorable cat. No wonder French-German philosopher Albert Schweitzer once said, “There are two means of refuge from the miseries of life: music and cats.”Indeed, it’s no secret how much people around the world love cats. From China’s Sina Weibo to US video-sharing site YouTube, bloggers across the globe love to show off their cats.In September, a charitable activity called “Cat Month” was held in Beijing. It was meant to encourage more people to care for our furry friends, especially stray cats.Cats become such a big part of pop culture in China that young people have come up with cat-relatedslang phrases, such as “cat slave” to refer to people who adore their cats, and “a daily dose ofcats” to refer to having to watch a certain number of cat videos to get through the day.People in Japan are also huge fans of cats. As the birthplace of Hello Kitty and the “beckoning cat”, Japan made a “cat train” that was ridden around the country by 30 stray cats in 2017. Passengers could sit and play with the cats on the train, offering the animals plenty of care and warmth.Istanbul, a historic city in Turkey, is also friendly to cats. In the recent documentary film Kedi, which hit Chinese cinemas in September, director Ceyda Torun showed us the daily lives of seven street cats with vivid narration. Cats there are not afraid of people. They go in and out of almost everywhere – coffee shops, markets, universities, and even government buildings. If you sit on a park bench, a cat is likely to come and snuggle with you.Seeing how cats have become a worldwide addiction, you may wonder why some people prefer cats over dogs. This may be down to how they identify with themselves – modern young people see the independent attitude of cats as something they value more.“Unlike dogs, who look at us with their loving eyes, cats appear to show off their independence. They ask for attention in a way that tells us that they desire human companionship, but they don’t need it,” author Marie-Louise von Franz wrote in her book The Cat: A Tale of Feminine Redemption.56. What’s probably the best title of this passage?A. Time to End LonelinessB. Lovely CatsC.Loving Dogs, Loving CatsD. Cat Slaves57.A.disabledB. caringC. homelessD. restless58.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.Japanese offer their care and love to stray cats and used to have a cat train.B.Kedi, a documentary film, tells us daily lives of seven street cats with attractive narration.C.Many people want to show off their cats on websites such as Sina Weibo.D.There are many cat-related slang phrases that people come up with around the world.59.Why do many people become addicted to cats?A.Because they look at us with their loving eyes.B.Because cats are independent and sometimes will show off their characters.C.Because they ask for attention in a way that tells us that they need human companionship.D.Because people prefer cats to dogs.(B)Movies Not to MissIn 2019 there will be returns to classic movie characters and stories. FILE PHOTOS In 2018, to which we’ve just said goodbye, we’ve seen blockbusters such as Black Panther, Crazy Rich Asians and A Star Is Born. And there are more exciting movies in the works for 2019. Below TEENS has picked three for you. Let’s take a look.Spider-Man: Far From Home, July 5, USTom Holland, the lead actor of 2017’s Spider-Man: Homecoming, returns to play Peter Parker, a high school student who gains superpowers after being bitten by a spider.When we see him again in theaters, Spider-Man will have a new red-and-black suit. The movie will take the famous wall-crawler on a global adventure outside of the US. According to Marvel Studios President Kevin Feige, Spider-Man will try a return to his “normal” self; he will try to find his old powers on his new journey.Hobbs and Shaw, July 26, USTo most people the Fast and Furious series is all about crazy drivers racing in sports cars. But in its spin-off, called Hobbs and Shaw, humor is added to the action-packed thrills.The new film will hit US theaters on July 26. Famous robust English actor Jason Statham will star alongside Dwayne Johnson, “The Rock”, as Deckard Shaw and Luke Hobbs respectively, as in their previous appearances in Fast and Furious films.When the pair fought face to face in Fast and Furious 8 (2017), a confrontation was dubbed the “battle model for warriors”. The action and chemistry really stimulated their audience.But the new action scenes between an MI6 agent Hobbs and the killer Shaw will have to be good to beat their stand-off in the 2017 movie.The Lion King, July 19, USThis is a brand-new version of the classic children’s film. The story of wide-eyed young lion Simba still remains in hearts of world audiences even after 25 years. In this re-telling, Simba again begins the difficult journey to become the King of the Pride Lands, a vast African prairie.The favorite part of the story for many has always been the friendship between Simba, the meerkat called Timon and the warthog Pumbaa. The last two sacrifice all they have to help Simba to his throne. How will the new movie re-imagine their famous relationship?60.Where might this passage come from?A.An report in a newspaper.B. A notice in the window of a cinema.B.A magazine about fashion. D. A advertisement distributed by a cinema.61.Which film is filled with adventure and humor?A.Spider-Man: Far From HomeB. The Lion KingC. Hobbs and ShawD. The Fast and Furious62.Which of the following statement is true according to the article?A.In Spider-man: Far From Home, Tom Holland, the lead director will return to play Peter Parker.B.In The Lion King wide-eyed young lion Simba eventually becomes the King of the Pride Lands, avast African prairie.C.The new action scenes in Hobbs and Shaw is a confrontation which is dubbed the “battle modelfor warriors”.D.In 2019, there will be three classic movies to be released in the US in all.(C)A radio report caught my attention the other day, as it spoke straight to my heart: Cadets (学员) at the US Naval Academy are now required to revisit and potentially revive the ancient skill of steering a ship by the stars.By the stars―imagine that: looking up at the sky, not down at a screen, so many years after the heavens’ critical role in guiding mariners has fallen by the wayside, first displaced by radio waves, then by modern GPS. Much is gained―but something also lost―in such progress, I think.It reminded me of my love of 18th- and 19th-century seafaring (航海的) tales (reading them is one of my coping mechanisms for life in the landlocked Midwest), when sailors had only celestial (天空的) maps for navigation and still miraculously managed to sail the planet’s vast oceans and even circumnavigate the globe.Recent cyber security concerns have triggered renewed interest in backup navigational strategies such as stargazing, and simple hand-held technologies like the sextant, so often invoked in Richard Henry Dana’s Two Years Before the Mast, a tale that chronicles a mid-19th-century merchant ship’s endlessly harrowing voyage from Boston to California and back.I wouldn’t wish the harsh conditions of that trip on modern sailors, but I am all for anything that gets people clued in to their compass bearings (方位) and travel trajectories without high-tech and often mindless guidance.“Is that north or south of here?” I’ve asked motel clerks and gas station attendants about a particular address I’m seeking in my GPS-less travels.“Well, it’s that way,” comes the most frequent reply, accompanied by a pointed finger, and I realize that north, south, east, and west are not familiar coordinates (坐标) to many people otherwise thoroughly attuned to the local lay of their land.To be fair, I haven’t always been attuned to compass points either. In fact it was not until I was a young adult, lazing on a float in my parents’ pool on a late summer’s visit home, and watching the sun dip below the roofline, that I first realized that my childhood home faced due west. I was shocked that I’d been oblivious to this simple fact, especially since I’d begun to be schooled in geology and certainly in compass work. But like so many, I’d grown up thinking and navigating in terms of other coordinates, based on familiar streets, rights and lefts, and reference points such as my school, the homes of friends, the nearest playground, and the local shopping plaza.I’ve long since become accustomed to finding my bearings on travels in unfamiliar territory by the sun’s position. And now I’d love to sit in on a class at the academy to learn to navigate by the moon and stars. It’s a skill I’ll likely never need to draw upon. Yet just knowing how it would connect me, in a new and profound way, to the historical arc of human experience on this planet.As for modern sailors, it might just bring them safely home one day, if all else fails.63. What kind of role do 18th and 19th century seafaring tales play in the author’s life?A.Enriching his dull inland life.B.Triggering his concern for cyber security.C.Arousing his interest in modern navigational strategies.D.Strengthening his resolve to revive an ancient skill.64. The author mentions his experience of seeking an address in paragraph 6 and 7 to illustrate ______.A.The importance of modern technology such as GPS in travels.B.That it’s essential to learn geography and compass work well at work.C.That many people don’t navigate in terms of coordinates such as north and south.D.The convenience of navigating based on familiar streets, rights and lefts and reference points.65. The underlined phrase “oblivious to” in paragraph 8 is closest in meaning to______.A.obvious toB. familiar withC. unconcerned aboutD. unaware of66. Why does the author plan to learn to navigate by the moon and stars?A.Because he expects to experience the harsh conditions on the voyage in the past.B.Because he is required to revisit this ancient skill as a cadet at the U.S. Naval Academy.C.Because the skill can make his feel connected to the historical heritage of human beings.D.Because the skill can bring sailors home, safe and sound, if modern technology fails. Section C（8分）Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Children born today may be the last generation to see coral reefs in all their glory. That’s a warning from a marine biologist who is coordinating efforts to monitor the decline of the world’s most colorful ecosystem.Global heating and ocean acidification(酸化) have already taken a heavy toll on the world’s coral reefs. Some 16 to 33 percent of all warm-water reefs have been severely bleached(漂白), and the remaining reefs are vulnerable to even a fraction of a degree more warming, said the marine biologist, David Obura. He chairs the Coral Specialist Group in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature.“It will be like lots of lights blinking off,” he told the Observer.“______67______ Between now and 2 degrees Celsius, we will see more reefs dropping off the map.”Today’s reefs have a history going back 25 million to 50 million years. They have survived collisions between the Earth’s tectonic plates(地壳板块), such as that of Africa into Europe, and India into Asia. Yet in five decades, Obura said, mankind has undermined the global climate so fundamentally that the globally connected reef system could be lost in the next generation.The warning follows a landmark UN climate report. ______68______ Scientists warned that if warming reached 2℃, which now appears very likely in the next 50 years, there would be a more than 99% chance that tropical coral reefs would be wiped out.______69______ The UN report also warned of severe knock-on impacts to fisheries and millions of people living in coastal communities, who will lose vital sources of income and be less protected from storms.Coral reefs are often described as undersea forests, but they are declining far more quickly than the Amazon rainforests. ______70______ A temperature rise of just 1 to 2 degrees Celsius can cause the algae(藻类) upon which corals(珊瑚虫) depend to leave. That would drain the coral reefs of colour and make the structure more easily broken. These bleaching events can be temporary if waters cool, but the more frequent they are and the longer they last, the greater the risk of irreparable damage.IV. Summary Writing（10分）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Fed up with constantly having to recharge or replace batteries in your ever-expanding electronic devices? The solution may be just a few steps away. “Energy harvesting” promises to power countless consumer devices, often with nothing more than your body’s movement or heat.Among the most basic forms of the technology is body power. When certain materials are squeezed or stretched, the movement of their atoms creates an electrical charge. Automatic watches have employed the concept for decades, for example, by winding themselves when their user moves their arm. Now, the concept is being considered for a number of other devices. In a contest seeking visionary ideas for wearable technologies, Intel awarded $5,000 for a concept to change the temperature difference between a person’s body and a special piece of clothing they’d wear into electricity for mobile devices. Using sound to power devices is another energy-harvesting variation. Stanford University engineers are testing smart microchips that create electricity from ultrasound to power implantable devices that can analyze a person’s nervous system or treat their diseases. A textile research association in Spain is proposing to obtain electricity from radio waves that flow around everyone to power sensors sewn into clothes, which can monitor a person’s heartbeat or other vital signs.Obtaining stable energy from devices can be complex, however. For one thing, the motion that generates the electricity has to be constant to be useful. Moreover, the amount of power the devices produce depends on the person using them, according to a Columbia University study. It determined that taller people on average provide about 20 percent more power than shorter ones when walking, running or cycling. It’s also unclear how eagerly consumers might welcome energy-harvesting products.第II卷(共40分)V. Translation（15分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.我们反对以牺牲健康为代价去追求事业上的成功。
2020届上海14区高三英语二模汇编：阅读A
2020届宝山区高三英语二模Section BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In 2008, someone, or perhaps a group of people, using the name Satoshi Nakamoto published a paper to an online group that discussed cryptography(密码使用法). That paper described a process that would use cryptography to create a secure electronic cash system, now known as a cryptocurrency (加密货币). Person to person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial institution. Each deal could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to prove those deals safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.Today, there are well over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be feasible global payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry.One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash in virtual "wallets "or exchange one kind of electronic cash for another. In recent years, clever thieves have broken into many of these websites and stolen electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of fake cryptocurrencies that are advertised on the internet. The advertisements invite internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded by the websites to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along with the victims' money. In response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.56. What does the article explain about Satoshi Nakamoto?A. Satoshi's background in international banking and investmentB. Satoshi's grave doubts about the true value of cryptocurrenclesC. Satoshi's close partnership with suspicious financial institutionsD. Satoshi's contribution to the development of the digital economy57. According to this article, what is true about numerous cryptocurrency websites?A. They and their users have been robbed.B. They've revealed the identities of their users.C. They reward their users with cool prizes.D. They arrange recreational events for users.58. What does the article indicate about the cryptocurrency industry?A. It's had to lay off lots of workers.B. It's celebrating a profitable year.C. It's facing some serious challenges.D. It's set a very high moral standard.59. According to this article, why are Facebook and Google limiting cryptocurrency advertising?A. Few cryptocurrencies need to be marketed.B. They've created their own cryptocurrency.C. They don't listen to cryptocurrency fans.D. Too many cryptocurrencies aren't real.参考答案：56－59 DACD2020届崇明区高三英语二模(A)A growing number of American states are requiring schools to teach students “media literacy” skills. California is the latest state to pass such a requirement. Media literacy, also known as news literacy, is the ability to use critical thinking skills to recognize differences between real and “fake” news.The new law requires California’s Department of Education to provide materials related to media literacy on its website. Its goal is to give students a set of effective tools to “enable them to make informed decisions”.The media literacy efforts were based on a Stanford University study from 2016. It found that 80 percent of U.S. middle school students failed to recognize an advertisement that looked like a real news story. The researchers also found that high school students had trouble telling the difference between a real and a fake news website.The study called for more efforts to help students recognize false information on the internet. It said that young people also need the skills to find out where news stories come from, and to be able to judge the trustworthiness of sources and writers.Carolyn Edy is a professor of communication at Appalachian State University in North Carolina. She said she has seen a clear change in her students’ abilities to judge news sources. Edy said that when students used to read printed newspapers, it was easier for them to recognize fact from opinion. Now, it’s necessary to teach students how to fully examine websites.One of Edy’s goals is to teach students how to research the news organizations responsible for the stories they are reading. One way to do this is for students to ask a series of questions. One example is, “What is the overall mission of the organization?”Edy said young people also need to judge whether news organizations identify any possibleconflicts of interest. Another question to ask is, “What do they do when they get a story wrong?” Responsible and trustworthy news organizations issue corrections if something is falsely reported, she said.Edy added that one good thing to come out of the rise of misinformation and fake news is that it has made many people seek out good reporting.56.The new law passed in California mainly aims at __________.A. helping students identify fake newsB. improving students’ critical thinking skillsC. offering students real informationD. enabling students to make quick decisions57.Why does the author mention the Stanford University study?A. To present the details of the law.B. To provide a set of tools for the law.C. To show the reason behind the law.D. To indicate the efforts based on the law.58.Which is a way suggested by Carolyn Edy for students to judge the trustworthiness of a news organization?A. Identifying the conflicts of interest in it.B. Correcting its falsely reported news stories.C. Learning about its background information.D. Asking a series of questions about its news.59.The passage mainly tells us that media literacy ____________.A. can contribute to the rise of good news reportingB.is becoming much more important with the law passedC. can improve American students’ understanding of newsD.is increasingly recognized as essential for students in the US参考答案：56. A57. C58. C59. D2020届奉贤区高三英语二模(A)One spring day, once the flowers have begun to open, a bee will hover (盘旋) and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table. While you're thinking about avoiding an attack, that bee is focused on something else entirely: me.A honeybee has about six weeks to live. Today, like most days, her task is to fly as many as three miles from home, stick her long, straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers. When thebee has had her fill, she’ll fly home. There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers, who will relay it to another, and so on for about 20 minutes, until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb. Then she and her 50,000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night, flapping their wings to create hot, breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture. Several sunrises later, they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax. In her lifetime, our bee may visit 4,000 flowers, and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me.The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year, in tea, on toast, and beyond. If I do say so myself, I am a timeless treasure. Literally--I never go bad.Unfortunately, my good health is not guaranteed. The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals, as well as changes in weather patterns, all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit. I'd appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild. My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers, thus helping the bees, who give so much--to you, to me--without ever asking for anything in return.56. What does “me” refer to in the passage?A. The flower.B. The bee.C. Water.D. Honey.57. What is the 2nd paragraph mainly about?A. Bees' special talent.B. Bees' hard work.C. Bees' living environment.D. Bees' social behavior.58. Which one of the following is true according to the passage?A. A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers.B. Before “me” is sealed off in beeswax, the drying process can take a few nights.C. The lifework of a bee satisfies the average demand of an American consumer annually.D. Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest-controlled gardens.59. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To appeal for help for honeybees.B. To talk about the history of a treasure.C. To put forward techniques for gardeners.D. To argue against the control of chemicals.参考答案：56-59DBBA2020届虹口区高三英语二模Section BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)We’ve all heard the stories of an actor’s struggles before a career breakthrough: living a hardlife, working part time, being a couch potato before getting that major role. Shelby, the star of “A Dog’s Way Home,” has a hard-luck tale that could top them all. Before her big break, she was living in a landfill, rooting through garbage for her next meal.Shelby’s big break came in April 2017, when animal-control officer Megan Buhler was driving in Cheatham County. Tennessee. Out on an unrelated call, Buhler spotted and approached what she recalled was a noticeably scared puppy emerging from the dump. “I knelt down and just said, ‘Oh, come here, baby,’” said Buhler. “She was so scared, but she came right up to me, and I was able to put her in my truck.” The pair headed to the county animal shelter, where the staff began calling the new resident Baby Girl.Buhler and others didn’t know that 3,200 kilometers away, Hollywood was looking for a dog to play Bella in a film written by Cathryn Michon. The find-a-Bella job went to freelance trainer Teresa Ann Miler. Her mission was to search shelters nationwide for a dog that could play Bella. One day, Miller spotted Baby Girl’s adoption photo. “Honestly, it was a really good picture, and she was flat - out smiling,” Miller said. Then she met Baby Girl, and assessed her on personality and the ability to respond to simple commands. After assessment, she adopted Baby Girl from the shelter, renamed her Shelby and took her to California for training. Miller and Shelby trained for just over three months before filming began. Then they were together each day on the set.Most of the film’s reviews have praised Shelby’s performance. Variety made the comments “an amazing dog, perfect performance!”Shelby has come a long way from the dump. But Buhler said she saw Shelby recently had needed only a second to compare the movie star with the dog she found from piles of trash. “She’s exactly the same,” Buhler said.56. Why does the author mention an actor’s struggle before a career breakthrough at the very beginning?A. To make a sharp contrast between an actor’s struggle and a dog’s struggle.B. To introduce a dog’s similar but even more striking experiences.C. To attract reader’s attention by giving dramatic examples.D. To clearly point out the main idea of the passage.57. What finally helped Baby Girl get the big role in the film?A. Her adoption picture.B. Her flat-out smiling.C. her personality and ability.D. Her miserable experiences.58. By saying “She is exactly the same” in the last paragraph, Buhler probably means __________.A. the dog returned to the piles of trash where she found itB. it took quite a lot of trouble for the dog to change her own fate.C. she’s really excited to see the dog she helped live such a happy lifeD. the dramatic change of the dog’s life hasn’t changed her inner quality59. What do you think may serve as the best title of the passage?A. The Success of “A Dog’s Way Home”.B. From a Landfill Puppy to a Movie Star.C. The Trainer and Her Star Dog.D. Shelby’s Hard-luck Story.参考答案：56 - 59 BCDB2020届黄浦区高三英语二模(A)Katherine Jonson,winner of the presidential medial of freedom,refused to be limited by society5 expectations of her gender and race while expanding the borders of humanity’s reach--President Barack Obama,2015Using little more than a pencil,a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country,Mrs.Johnson, who died at 101,calculated the precise path that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and,after Neil Armstrong's history-making moonwalk,let it return to Earth Wet throughout Mrs.Johnson's 33 years in NASAN& Flight Research Division and for decades afterward,almost no one knew her name.She was just one of those unheralded women who,well before the modem feminist(女权）movement,worked as NASA mathematicians.But it was not only her gender that kept her long marginalized and long unsung Katherine Johnson,a West Virginia native,was also African-American.But over time,the work of Mrs.Johnson and her colleagues--countless calculations done mainly by hand,using slide rules,chart paper and inefficient desktop calculating machines--won them a level of acceptance that for the most competitive race.“NASA was a very professional organization,"Mrs.Johnson told The Observer ofFayetteville,N.C.,in 2010. "They didn't have time to be concerned about what color I was."Nor,she said,did she.“I don't have a feeling of inferiority,"Mrs.Johnson said on at least one occasion.“Never had.I m as good as anybody,but no better."To the end of her life,Mrs.Johnson refused praise for her role in sending astronauts into space,keeping them on course and bringing them safely home."I was just doing my job,"Mrs.Johnson repeatedly said so.But what a job it was--done,no less,by a woman born at a time when the odds were more likely that she would die before age 35 than even finish high school.56. The underlined word “unheralded”most probably means______.A. not adequately paidB. not previously mentionedC. not officially rewarded.D. not fast promoted57. It was ___________ put together that made Mrs. Johnson a miracle.A. her skin color, her gender and the facilitiesB. her gender, her intelligence and the facilitiesC. her skin color, her gender and her intelligenceD. her intelligence, her skin color and the facilities58. From Mrs. Johnson's comments on NASA and her own job. we can conclude that ____________.A. she was confident and modestB. NASA shows no interest in staff's racesC. She was superior to most women in her ageD. NASA is professionally organized and supportive59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Woman Made CalculationsB. NASA Marginalized MathematiciansC. Gender Divided OrganizationsD. Mathematician Broke Barriers参考答案：56-59: BCAD2020届金山区高三英语二模Section BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)EU members’ states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk” to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports of clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufacture in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold by big-name brands such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE is ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible (微不足道的) amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56.The 2011 study by Greenpeace found ____________________.A.29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB. NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC. NPE was widely present in textile productsD. clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part “is ubiquitous” in Paragraph 7?A. is legally protectedB. is not easy to be foundC. seems to be everywhereD. is uncommon58. What can we learn from the text?A. The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B. Recycled textiles contain less NPE.C. The new ban on imports of textiles has come into force.D. The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59. Which section of the website does the text come from?A. Lifestyle.B. Technology.C. Business.D. Environment.参考答案：56-59: CCBD2020届闵行区高三英语二模(A)Brooke Martin’s golden retriever(金毛猎犬) Kayla hated being left alone or separated. She would howl, pace, and chew on things. Brooke learned that other people had the same problem with their pets. She wondered: ―What if you could talk to your dog if you were gone?Working with her father in their garage, the 16-year-old came up with several ideas.Finally, she invented a device that allowed pet owners to video chat with their pets! She calls the device iCPooch. ―The dog doesn’t have to answer the call,explains Brooke. ―It comes up immediately on the screen on their end. It’s a two-way audio and video—you can see and hear each other.With a click of a button you can even send the dog a treat!Her invention has earned her a spot competing against nine other finalists in a young scientist competition for middle-school students. These finalists, selected based on their short video presentations, are working with mentors over the summer before heading to the final competition in St. Paul, Minn.After Martin’s video put her among the 10 finalists in the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge, she was paired with Delony Langer-Anderson, a product development scientist in 3M’s consumer health care division. ―I just lead her down the product development path,Langer-Anderson told Live Science. This path includes guidance on how to test the potential product, which combines a video chat device that answers immediately on the dog’s end with a dog treat device the owner can remotely activate.‘One thing I have thought about a lot is, what happens if while the device is on thefloor, what if your dog knocks it over, or scratches the screen? ’Martin said. She and Langer-Anderson discussed this, and Martin is now testing materials at a local dog shelter by taping them to the dog house floors to see how well they withstand sharp teeth and claws.The finalists create models they can test, with the guidance from a mentor. Their projects include a fuel cell that transforms cut grass into electricity and an app that rewards drivers for not texting or calling. Langer-Anderson tries to help the students work through the scientific method, testing their hypothesis, in a determined way, ―so the kids don’t get buried in data. she said.56.Which of the following would be the best title of thepassage?A.“iCPooch” wins in a young scientist competition.B.A 16-year-old girl invents a device for dog hunger.C.A man-made device lets people chat with their pets.D.A kid-invented device calm dogs’ separation anxiety.57.“iCPooch” calms pet dogs by .A. allowing video chatB. making dogs sleepC. answering the callD. giving them food58.What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “mentor”A. competitorsB. assistantsC. instructorsD. companions59.What do the inventions of the finalists have in common?A.They are all new inventions dealing with pets.B.They are possible solutions to everyday problems.C.They cope with the problems related to computers.D.They are all accomplished through individual work.参考答案：56. D57. A58. C59. B2020届浦东新区高三英语二模Section BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A) To Be a Deaf DJI was born in England with perfect hearing. In 1990, when I was five, my family moved to the United States. I started getting ear infections every three months or so. We didn’t have health insurance at the time, and when I got a third infection, my parents couldn’t afford the treatment. I went deaf in my right ear and was left with 50 percent hearing in my left. Over time, my remaining hearing dropped to 20 percent, where it is today. My doctors predicted that I would be thoroughly deaf by now, so I think I’m doing pretty well.There was always music on in my house in my childhood. I loved listening to Metallica, Led Zeppelin, Michael Jackson. My dad was a DJ, so he played disco, folk, rock, and music from other countries. For my 18th birthday, my dad asked me to deejay at the restaurant be owned. After doing that for a few weeks, I was hooded. I desired to learn more. I e-mailed DJ Shiftee, a distinguished New York City DJ, when I was 25: “I know you like a challenge. How about teaching a deaf person to deejay?” He wrote back the next day; “Challenge accepted.” He tutored me twice a week for two years, helping me develop correct technique. I practiced four hours a day.Now when I’m performing, muscle memory takes over. When I started, I wouldn’t tell the club managers that I was deaf. I would just show up, introduce myself, and start playing music. At the end of the night, someone would say, “Oh, here’s the check.” And I’d say, “What? Oh, I can’t hear.” They were always so astonished. Sometimes I would bring doctor’s notes because they wouldn’t believe me. It was reassurance that they were giving me opportunities to perform because I was brilliant, no out of sympathy. Eventually people started calling me “that deaf DJ,” and the name stuck.What fascinates me about deejaying is the creativity. I use software that turns the music into lines of color on a computer screen. I’m visually hearing the music. The next time you go dancing, cover your ears, and you’ll start seeing that you’re able to hear the music in a different way. Music is not all about hearing. I pay all sorts of get-togethers now, from college parties to corporate events. I also go to elementary schools for the deaf and talk to the students about motivation and believing in themselves. I’m big on talking to the parents. I tell them, “My advice to you is let your kids chase their dreams. I’m a deaf DJ, so why not?”56. Which of the following might result in the author’s hearing loss?A. Monthly ear infection.B. Moving to the U. S.C. Family financial hardshipD. The doctors’ prediction.57. How did DJ Shiftee help the author during his youth?A. He taught him correct skills.B. He discovered his talent for DJ.C. He played at the restaurant for him.D. He cultivated his taste for foreign music.58. The underlined expression in Paragraph 3 “the name stuck” probably means that _________.A. the author was in low spiritsB. the author impressed people deeplyC. the audience felt disappointed by the playerD. the audience looked down upon the player59. We can conclude from the passage that the author loves deejaying because _________.A. working as a DJ involves innovationB. music helps him to see the world virtuallyC. he motivates the kids to realize their dreamD. he desires to challenge something impossible参考答案：56-59CABA2020届松江区高三英语二模(A)Have you ever heard of Nollywood? Nollywood is the name of the Nigerian (尼日利亚的) film industry: Nigeria is one of the largest film industries in the world based on the quantity of films produced. placing them right below India's Bollywood and above USA's Hollwood!Born in around 1992. Nollywood is the youngest compared with the other two “woods”, and uses new forms of financing and production, Now it's in adulthood. and bigger productions have become more regular. However. this was not always the case. Although movie theaters were rare in Nigeria during earlier period. original storieswere not. Despite lack of funds and experience. self-made directors began to use commercial video cameras to shoot their movies and sold them for home viewing. Even though this resulted in movies with low production value, the original stories instantly made them a hit. Today, the film industry is the largest employer after agriculture and makes up 5% of Nigeria's GDP.Nigeria is a big player in the industry and it is constantly improving its craft, taking on new challenges. Nollywood is known mainly for its comedies and dramas. but we are increasingly seeing horror movies and musicals.Although sometimes heavily criticized for low production values. Nollywood continues to grow fans worldwide. Nigerian movies now make up 11% of Nigeria's non-oil exports! The average movie is produced in 7-10 days on a budget between ￡7,000-12,000 (Hollywood's average is around ￡60 million per movie with one year production time).This is changing. however, as more filmmakers are receiving proper training and are aiming to make films up to the international standard.56. What is the advantage of Nollywood?A. Commercial support.B. Original stories.C. Dominant comedies.D. Fast production.57. Which of the following statements about “woods” is NOT true according to the passage?A. Bollywood produces more films than the other two “woods”.B. Nollywood is known as the youngest among the three “woods”.C. Hollywood' s budget for an average movie is much less than Nollywood's.D. It takes much less time to produce a Nollywood film than a Hollywood one.。
2020上海高三英语二模汇编---六选四
2020上海高三英语二模汇编---六选四1. 金山区A. Between August and April, they sought food in low elevations (海拔) on China’s Qinling Mountains.B. Scientists think the research shows that pandas are very clever.C. Pandas eat bamboo all day long except when they are sleeping or playing.D. The gene for their “umami taste receptors” became inactive.E. They fed on them until they went back down the mountain and started eating Bashania fargesii leaves again.F. Scientists have conducted many studies on pandas’ eating habits.Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores (食草动物).They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo. But onthe inside, they’re built like carnivores (食肉动物). About half ofthe calories they eat come from protein, according to a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous(杂食的). They ate both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize (使发生新陈代谢) them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. 67 Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks(秆) of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movements throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. 68 At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted (冲淡) by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein-rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The pandas responded by switching to the leaves. 69 The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein.70 “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda-Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animal as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might assume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what part of the plants you’re eating,”said Pineda-Munoz.67-70: DAEB2.黄浦区Framing risk, reducing panicFor four decades, psychologists have studied how people see risk and what causes them to overreact to terrorist attacks and other extreme events. Those misplaced reactions can lead to the shame of people and prevention of daily activities, causing a new set of problems on top of a current crisis. ___67___Timely, honest communication from a source an audience considers credible is essential to containing fear, but governments have the tough job of explaining risk and telling people how to act without also seeding alarm. ___68___Messages may be more helpful when delivered in creative formats. Visuals are very powerful. We can’t just tell people things; we have to show them. When people are using the more primary part of their brain, visuals are more powerful than our higher order tools, including language.___69___ People can understand just about anything if you do your job right as a communicator. That includes keeping it simple and communicating what people need to know, versus what is nice to know; expressing risk in numbers —“there’s a 30 percent chance of rain” — and reminding people of the opportunity cost of waiting for more evidence.Psychologists working in the field of risk communication assume we have too much control through our messaging. ___70___67-70: DEBF3.青浦区New sense discovered in dog noses: the ability to detect heatDogs’ noses are amazing. Not only are they up to 100 million times more sensitive than ours, they can sense weak thermal radiation— the body heat of mammalian(哺乳动物的) prey, a new study reveals. The find helps explain how dogs with damaged sight, hearing, or smell can still hunt successfully.“It’s a fascinating discovery,” says Marc Bekoff, an expert on dog sniffing (嗅探). “It provides yet another window into the sensory worlds of dogs’ highly evolved cold noses.” The ability to sense weak, radiating heat is known in only some animals: black fire beetles, certain snakes, and one species of mammal, the common vampire bat, all of which use it to hunt prey. __67__. But the tips of dogs’ noses are moist, colder than the surrounding temperature, and richly endowed with nerves—all of which suggests an ability to detect not just smell, but heat.To test the idea, researchers at Lund University trained three pet dogs to choose between a warm (31°C) and a surrounding-temperature object, each placed 1.6 meters away. __68__. (Scientists could only detect the difference by touching the surfaces.) After training, the dogs were tested on their skill in double-blind experiments; all three successfully detected the objects emitting weak thermal radiation.Next, the researchers scanned the brains of 13 pet dogs of various breeds while presenting the dogs with objects emitting neutral or weak thermal radiation. The left somatosensory cortex in dogs’ brains, was more responsive to the warm thermal stimulus than to the neutral one. The scientists identified a group of 14 voxels (体素) in this region of the dogs’ left brains , but didn’t find any in the right, and none in any part of the dogs’ brains in response to the neutral stimulus.__69__. Also, a specific region of their brains is activated by this infrared (relating to a type of light) radiation, the scientists say. They suspect dogs inherited the ability from their ancestor, the gray wolf, who may use it to sniff out warm bodies during a hunt.“The study is consistent with other research that describes the combined dog nose and brain as a highly complicated platform for processing a broad range of signals,” says Gary Settles, a professor of mechanical engineering at Pennsylvania State University. “The dog nose can distinguish patterns of hot and cold objects at a distance,” he said. “__70__. That needs further study.”67-70 DBFCA period of important agricultural development began in the early 1700s in Great Britain and the Low Countries (Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands, which lie below sea level).(67) ____________________One of the most important of these developments was an improved horse-drawn seed drill invented by Jethro Tull in England. Until that time, farmers sowed seeds by hand. Tull’s drill made rows of holes for the seeds. By the end of the 18th century, seed drilling was widely practiced in Europe. Many other machines were developed in the United States. (68) ____________________ At about the same time, John and Hiram Pitts introduced a horse-powered thresher (脱粒机)that shortened the process of separating grain and seed from straw. John Deere’s steel plow (犁), introduced in 1837, made it possible to work the tough soil with much less horsepower.Along with new machines, there were several important advances in selective farming. By selectively breeding animals (breeding those with desirable traits), farmers increased the size and productivity of their livestock. Plants could also be selectively bred for certain qualities. In 1866, Gregor Mendel’s studies in heredity (遗传) were published in Austria. (69) ____________________ His work paved the way for improving crops through genetics.New crop planting methods also evolved during this time. Many of these were adopted over the next century or so throughout Europe. For example, the Norfolk four-field system, developed in England, proved quite successful. It involved the yearly rotation (轮作) of several crops, including wheat, turnips, barley, clover, and ryegrass. (70) ____________________ Moreover, this method enabled farmers to grow enough to sell some of their harvest without having to leave any land unplanted.Not all parts of the world benefited from these developments instantly, however. Farmers in other parts such as Australia and Africa continued to use old ways of agriculture for a long time. 67— 70 FDCAHow we write todayThe alphabet was born about 3800 years ago. After a slow start, it has produced dozens of offspring(后代). 67 Near the beginning of this period, the Phoenician alphabet—a direct offspringof the first one—gave rise to the Greek and Aramaic alphabets. The Greek alphabet then led to a huge variety of forms, from the Cyrillic family used in south-east Europe and northern Asia to the Latin/Roman family that includes English, German and French. The Aramaic alphabet, meanwhile, developedinto a group that includes the Hebrew and Arabic alphabets. It probably also gave rise to the Brahmi script, another distinct type of alphabet that is itself the parent of dozens more used across south and South-East Asia.68 In the first—of which Chinese text is the only real example still in use—signs represent full words. In the other, signs represent syllables(音节). Japanese uses many Chinese “word” characters, but has two other writing systems based on syllable signs. The few other syllable-based systems include the Cherokee one used in the south-east US.The variety and global dominance of the alphabet isn’t necessarily a sign of its superiority to other writing systems, says Amalia Gnanadesikan, recently retired from the University of Maryland. 69For instance, they are used across north Asia, Africa and the Americas because of Russian and western European expansionism.The fact that alphabets use a smaller set of characters than other writing systems isn’t entirely beneficial either, says Gnanadesikan. 70Take the phrase “dog bites man”. Someone learning Chinese has to understand just three signs—rather than 11letters—to read and write the sentence. “So you get a very rapid ability to translate what you’re learning into use,” she says. Moreover, children in Japan learn the hiragana (平假名) syllable-based writing system so easily that they can often start reading aged 3.67-70 EDFBMany of us have already lost the “race against the machines” — we just don’t know it yet. That is the conclusion of new research by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).Unlike most studies into the impact of automation, this one does not rely on informed guesswork about what machines will be able to do in 20 years’ time. (67) _____________________ They are literacy, numeracy and problem-solving with computers. The results are alarming, but not a reason to despair.In the survey a group of computer scientists was given the same test and asked which questions computers could answer, using technology that exists but has not necessarily been rolled out yet in the workplace. The conclusion? Almost a third ofworkers use these cognitive（认知的）skills daily in their jobs and yet their skill levels have already been matched by computers. About 44 per cent are still better than the machines. The remaining 25 per cent have jobs that do not use these skills every day.Two aspects are worth our attention. First, the OECD only asked computer scientists how well they thought machines could do. (68) ______________________. Second, just because technology exists does not mean it will be employed quickly in the workplace. It depends on how easily it can be made operational, how much it costs relative to the value it creates, and whether companies have the appetite to invest.(69) _____________________ Stuart Elliott, the author, concludes that in 10 to 20 years, only workers with very strong literacy and numeracy skills will be comfortably more skilled than computers. At the moment, only about one in 10 working-age adults in OECD countries are of this standard.It is true that the education systems in most countries have been raising their game: younger people tend to have better skills than older people (the UK being one notable, and worrying, exception). But even if you take the most skilled generation in the most skilled country — young people in Finland — two-thirds still do not meet these top levels of literacy and numeracy. (70) _____________________67-70 D F A EWhether in the East or West, the chief business of traditional education is to pass to the next generation the skills, facts, and standards of moral and social conduct that adults consider to be necessary for the next generation’s material and social success.__67__ The students work individually on assignments, and cooperation is discouraged. The result of this emphasis on what instructors do is that students may become passive learners and do not take responsibility for their own learning. Educators call this traditional method “instructor-centered teaching”.In contrast, “learner-centered teaching” occurs when instructors focus on student learning. It is an approach to teaching that is increasingly being encouraged in higher education. __68__ These methods include active learning, in which students solve problems, answer questions, formulate questions of their own, discuss, explain, debate, or brainstorm during class; cooperative learning, inwhich students work in teams on problems and projects under conditions that assure both positive interdependence and individual account ability; and inductive (归纳法) teaching and learning, in which students are first presented with challenges and learn the course material in the context of addressing the challenges.Although learner-centered methods have repeatedly been shown to be superior to the traditional teacher-centered approach to instruction, the best teaching, according to Parker Palmer, the author of The Courage to Teach, is not one or the other, but a combination of both. __69__Learner-centered teachers still need to lecture because teachers are the definitive content experts in the classroom and the knowledge and experiences of teachers can be extremely helpful to students. __70__ They must recognize that students can learn from each other and that the deepest learning happens when students have the opportunity to practice and obtain feedback.67-70: CDFB8.徐汇区The Podcast (播客) BoomDo you prefer to watch TV or listen to the radio? There was a time when some people thought moving pictures would spell the end of tuning in to the radio for entertainment and information. But radio survived and boomed. (67) ____________________Perhaps the growth in podcasting is not surprising—it offers a digital audio file that can be downloaded and stored for listening at any time. It can also be streamed from the internet and played on a computer or MP3 player. And it’s not just broadcasters, like the BBC, who are producing podcasts: now commercial broadcasters, individuals and companies with no connection to broadcasting are making them. In fact, anyone with something to say, and a few pounds to spend on the equipment, can get involved.The digital audio files are cheap to produce and, thanks to the internet, easy to distribute. (68) ____________________ Journalist Ben Hammersley told the BBC that “two changes transformed the market—one cultural and one technical.” A technical breakthrough came in 2012 when Apple produced the iPhone podcast app, which proved a popular library system for listeners. This was followed by a dramatic improvement in inexpensive recording production and editing equipment. Finally, the development of 4G mobile phone connections and widespread wi-fi meant listeners could browse, download or stream shows whenever they wanted.(69) ____________________ It was a piece of investigative journalism hosted by Sarah Koenig, telling a non-fiction story over multiple episodes (集). To date, the first and second seasons of theshow have had more than 340 million downloads. Advertisers soon realized the money-making potential of this and other successful podcasts. And where the audience goes, the money follows. From 2017 to 2018 advertising spending on podcasts in the UK went from $10.6m(£8.5m) to $19.7m, an 85% increase, according to Ovum.(70) ____________________ In fact, as Ben Hammersley explains, podcasting has brought people into broadcasting who would normally never have seen the inside of a recording studio. “There are of course professional podcasters, but there are many more people who create quality content and do it for nothing,” he says. “And that is changing not just the way we listen to audio but the way the broadcasting industry works.”Warm Waters Caused Many Sea Creatures to Move Far NorthA study has found that warmer waters off North America’s West Coast caused many kinds of sea life to move farther north than ever before. The study was a project of scientists from the University of California, Davis.67 They identified a total of 67 species between 2014 and 2016, during what was described as a “marine heatwave”. The researchers reported that 37 of the 67 species they studied had never before been observed so far north as California. These creatures are native to an area hundreds of kilometers to the south.Some species were discovered outside a marine laboratory belonging to the University of California, Davis. A few were even found north of California. 68 The scientists involved in the study believe the findings can provide valuable information for predicting future sea life reactions to warming oceans.There is also evidence suggesting that warming waters in the Atlantic Ocean have caused some sea creatures to move northward. A 2017 report in Yale University’s online magazine Environment 360 explores this subject. The report notes that for many years, the ocean has served as our best defense against climate change. 69 This has led to warmer oceans, with experts predicting continuing rising temperatures.Warmer waters along the U.S. East Coast have affected a black sea fish. Researchers from Rutgers University reported the fish once was mainly found off the coast of North Carolina. But theydiscovered the species had traveled more than 700 kilometers northward, to waters off the coast of New Jersey.70 Using climate models, researchers predicted that some species along the U.S. and Canadian Pacific coasts will move as far as 1,400 kilometers north from their current habitats. Such movement is expected to cause major difficulties for fisheries both in the U.S. and Canada, the study found.67.C68. D69. A70. F10.奉贤区People like to post their selfies(自拍照) on social media. To know more about it, scientists at Syracuse University in New York recently did a research and came up with some surprising findings.People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behaviors connected to narcissism, the researchers said. (67) _______ Makana Chock, a professor from Syracuse University, said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives, it is a good place for people to “work towards satisfying their own vanity.” Those “likes” under their Facebook selfies make them feel good.(68) ________ Some people feel “peer pressure” to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience, it did not really happen. “Anyway, it shouldn’t be seen as negative. People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes. And it does no harm,” Chock said.Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software. (69) ________Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years. On trips and special events, our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos. They would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos. They were happy to hear your comments. (70) _______ On social media, however, people can decide not to look at photos --even if they click “like”.67-70CBFD11.浦东区How the British and American Tell Children’s StoriesIf Harry Potter and Huckleberry Finn were each to represent British versus American children’s literature, a curious situation would emerge: In a literary competition for the hearts and minds of children, one is a wizard (巫师) in-training at a boarding school in the Scottish Highlands, while the other is a barefoot boy drifting down the Mississippi, bothered by cheats, slave hunters, and thieves. One defeats evil with a magic stick, the other takes to a raft (筏) to right a social wrong._________67_________The small island of Great Britain is an unquestionably powerhouse of children’s bestsellers: Alice in Wonderland, Harry Potter, and The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe. Significantly, all are fantasies. _________68_________ Stories like The Call of the Wild, Charlotte’s Web, Little Women, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer are more notable for their realistic portraits of day-to-day life in the towns and farmlands on the growing frontier. If British children gathered in the dim light of the kitchen fireplace to hear stories about magic swords and talking bears, American children sat at their mother’s knee listening to tales with moral messages about a world where life was hard, obedience emphasized, and Christian morality valued. Each style has its virtues, but the British approach undoubtedly creates the kinds of stories that appeal to the furthest reaches of children’s imagination.__________69__________ For one, the British have always been in touch with their pagan (异教徒的) folk traditions and stories, says Maria Tatar, a Harvard professor of children's literature. After all, the country’s very origin story is about a young king tutored by a wizard. Legends have always been accepted as history, from Merlin to Macbeth, “Even as the British were digging into these magical worlds, Americans, much more realistic, always viewed their soil as something to exploit,” says Tatar.Americans write fantasies too, but nothing like the British, says Jerry Griswold, a San Diego State University professor of children’s literature. He said, “__________70__________” To prove it, he mentioned Dorothy, the heroine of Wizard of Oz (绿野仙踪) who unmasks the great and powerful Wizard as a cheat. Meanwhile, American fantasies differ in another way: They usually end with a moral lesson learned—for example, in Oz, Dorothy’s journey ends with the realization: “There's no place like home.”67-70FDAB。
2020届上海高三英语二模汇编 完形填空
2020届上海高三英语二模汇编完形填空2020届宝山区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.As a child, what did you want to be when you grew up? If you were like most children, you probably let your imagination run 41 . Maybe you dreamed of flying into space or being a famous chef. Then perhaps over the years, your dreams became more 42 . Or you might have given up on some altogether.If that's the case, then today's the day for you. January 13th is Make Your Dreams Come True Day. If you've been 43 fulfilling your dreams, this is the day to make a fresh start.It's important to dream because dreams can give us the 44 to succeed in life. Dreams inspire and motivate us. The great thing about dreams is that there's no 45 to accomplish them right away. They might take a few years or they might take a lifetime to 46 . The important thing is that you're 47 working toward your dream. And the best way to do that is by setting goals.What is the 48 between a dream and a goal? It's been said that dreams are the final destination; goals are the stops along the way.Dreams can be very 49 . But the steps you take to reach them should be very 50 . Your dreams state what you want, but goals explain how you'll get there. That makes goal setting a necessary step in 51 your dreams.Many successful people have spoken about dreams. Former U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell stressed the 52 of working for your dreams. "A dream doesn't become reality through magic: it takes sweat, 53 and hard work. "Author Les Brown reminded us that dreams have no 54 limit. You are never too old to set another goal or to dream a new dream.If you've been dreaming about doing something for years, start today. Write down your dream, and 55 your goals. Then you'll be on your way to making your dreams come true.41.A. fast B. high C. well D. wild42.A. colorful B. amazing C. realistic D. attractive43.A. putting off B. taking off C. getting off D. paying off44.A. opportunity B. direction C. energy D. access45.A. pressure B. doubt C. sense D. need46.A. seek B. achieve C. explain D. design47.A. really B. almost C. always D. hardly48.A. concept B. similarity C. comparison D. difference49.A. unreal B. general C. changeable D. flexible50.A. specific B. abstract C. common D. complicated51.A. imaging B. avoiding C. reaching D. believing52.A. process B. benefit C. consequence D. importance53.A. blood B. determination C. intelligence D. loyalty54.A. age B. extra C. space D. normal55.A. transfer B. convert C. establish D. devote 参考答案：41－55 DCACA BCDBA CDBAC2020届崇明区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.High school students who take music courses score significantly better on math, science and English exams than their non-musical peers, according to a new study published in the Journal of Educational Psychology.School administrators needing to cut budgets often look first to music courses, because the general belief is that students who devote time to music rather than math, science and English, will __41__ in those disciplines.“Our research proved this belief __42__ and found the more the students engage with music, the better they do in those subjects,” said UBC (University of British Columbia) education professor and the study’s principal investigator, Peter Gouzouasis. “The students who learned to play a musical instrument in elementary and __43__ playing in high school not only score significantly higher, but were about one academic year ahead of their non-music peers with regard to their English, mathematics and science skills, as measured by their exam grades,__44__ their socioeconomic background, race, previous learning in mathematics and English, and gender.”Gouzouasis and his team __45__ data from all students in public schools in British Columbia who finished Grade 12 between 2012 and 2015. The data __46__, made up of more than 112,000 students, included those who completed at least one standardized exam for math, science and English. Students who studied at least one instrumental music course in the regular curriculum counted as students __47__ music.The researchers found the __48__ relationships between music education and academic achievement were more pronounced for those who took instrumental music rather than vocal (发声的) music. The findings suggest skills learned in instrumental music __49__ very broadly to the students’ learning in school.“Learning to play a musical instrument and playing in a band is very __50__ ,” said thestudy’s co-investigator Martin Guhn, an assistant professor in UBC’s school of population and public health. “A student has to learn to read musical notes, develop eye-hand-mind coordination (协调), develop keen listening skills, develop __51__ skills for playing in a band and develop discipline to practice. All those learning experiences, and more, play a role in __52__ the learner’s cognitive capacities (认知能力), executive functions, and motivation to learn in school.”The researchers hope that their findings will be brought to the __53__ of students, parents, teachers and administrative decision-makers in education, as many school districts over the years have emphasized mathematics and literacy __54__ other areas of learning, particularly music. “However, the amusing aspect is that __55__ education can be the very thing that improves all-around academic achievement,” said Gouzouasis.41. A. overbalance B. underperform C. overwork D. underplay42. A. fantastic B. strategic C. embarrassing D. wrong43. A. resisted B. delayed C. deserted D. continued44. A. thanks to B. in contrast to C. regardless of D. by means of45. A. examined B. published C. stored D. exchanged46. A. report B. sample C. analysis D. center47. A. taking B. composing C. sharing D. performing48. A. casual B. symbolic C. predictive D. changeable49. A. transfer B. decline C. attach D. limit50. A. attractive B. distinct C. independent D. demanding51. A. life B. literacy C. team D. survival52. A. altering B. enhancing C. distracting D. labeling53. A. attention B. question C. edge D. glory54. A. in terms of B. as a result of C. in case of D. at the cost of55. A. health B. music C. science D. school参考答案：41-55 BDDCA BACAD CBADB2020届奉贤区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Making choices is hard. That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has (41) ______ it from his life. As a rule, he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is (42) ______ by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学) (a somewhat new, divisive field) at Northwestern University. As Business Insider describes, Cerf has extended his ideas--which draw on some controversial ideas in psychology, including ego depletion out--into a piece of advice that, to (43) ______ happiness, people should "build a life that requires (44) ______ decisions by surrounding themselves with people who possess traits they prefer.On an instinctive level, Cerf’s idea (45) ______: Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of (46) ______ people around them. One example Cerf furnishes is that, (47) ______ consistently ordering the second menu item, he never picks where to eat. Rather, he (48) ______ his decision to his dining partner--which friend he plans to eat with, probably one he trusts--and always lets them pick.While it's (49) ______ what, if any, scientific principles underlie those pieces of advice, there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more (50) ______ than liberating. An example from Quanta poits (假设) : If you have a clear love of Snickers(士力架), choosing that over an Almond Joy(杏仁巧克力) or a Milky Way(牛奶巧克力) should be a (51) ______. And, as an experiment conducted by neuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows, most of the time it is, (52) _______ you introduce more choices. When the participants were offered three candy bars (Snickers, Milky Way, and Almond Joy) they had no problem picking their favorite, but when they were given the option of one among 20, including Snickers, they would sometimes drift away from their (53) ______. When the choices were taken away in later trials, the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision.As Quanta details, according to a model called "divisive normalization(分裂归一化), which has gained some popularity, the way the brain encodes choices has a lot to do with how it values all its options. So, if you have two things that are clearly (54) ______, brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes the decision clear. When the choices are comparable, the brain does its best to focus on the distinctions between the two, but more choices (55) ______ that ability out.41. A. relieved B. released C. eliminated D. liberated42. A. influenced B. inherited C. implemented D. informed43. A. maximize B. balance C. cherish D. seek44. A. safer B. fewer C. better D. sounder45. A. stands out B. comes into force C. makes sense D. plays a part46. A. distinguished B. trusted C. authorized D. honored47. A. in addition to B. instead of C. in spite of D. regardless of48. A. conveys B. relates C. submits D. limits49. A. evident B. unclear C. critical D. inevitable50. A. confusing B. inspiring C. worrying D. appealing51. A. stressor B. no-brainer C. challenge D. headache52. A. after B. before C. when D. until53. A. preference B. struggle C. status D. direction54. A. impressive B. insignificant C. unique D. distinct55. A. crowd B. figure C. sort D. put参考答案：41-55 CDABC BADBA BDADA2020届虹口区高三英语二模Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.For years, life went something like this; We’d grow up in one place, head off to college, then find a city to live in for a few years to pursue a job or higher education. The end goal was to find somewhere to __41__ for the long trip, buy a house, make a few friends, start a family, and begin the whole __42__ all over again.But a new model for living is emerging; Some people are increasingly choosing to move from city to city throughout their entire lives, sometimes as __43__ as every month.Just ask Alex Chatzielefteriou, who has had a front -row seat watching this evolution __44__ and believes in the huge impact it is making or will make on the industry concerned. Six years ago, he __45__ a start-up which is now called Blue-ground that rents out beautiful - designed, __46__ apartments for a month at a time, at rates that are cheaper than hotels. Today, the company has 3,000 __47__ in six U. S. cities, along with Dubai, Istanbul, London, Paris, and Alex’s native Athens, and a staff of 400. The company just __48__ $50 million in Series B funding, bring its total investment to $78 million, to continue its repaid __49__. It hopes to have 50,000 estates in 50 cities over the next three years, and the goal is to make each one feel unique and comfortable, rather than __50__,like what you might find in a traditional hotel.Alex first came up with the idea for Blue-ground while he was working as a management consultant for McKinsey. “The __51__ of choice for consultants is the hotel,” he says. “I had to spend five years in a hotel room, __52__ in twelve different cities. I loved seeing the world, but I didn’t love feeling like I didn’t have a home.” As he spoke to his friends and coworkers, he realized that many people buried themselves in __53__ due to this drifting lifestyle that meant living gout of a suitcase in the same few non-descript hotel chains that all began to mix together rather than in the “home” full of their own memories.__54__, Alex found the hotels aren’t particularly cost-effective solution for companies, either. __55__, McKinsey sometimes paid $10,000 or more for him to stay in a major city for a month, which was far more expensive than local rents.Is this new living model something that will really take off? Or is it just another flash in the pan? Let’s wait and see.41. A. move out B. settle down C. look around D. show up42. A. style B. rhythm C. cycle D. trend43. A. rarely B. frequently C. occasionally D. unusually44. A. unfold B. recover C. improve D. shrink45. A. completed B. involved C. launched D. overtook46. A. fully-furnished B. poorly-equipped C. ideally-suited D. newly-decorated47. A. landmarks B. vacancies C. properties D. terminals48. A. deposited B. reserved C. granted D. obtained49. A. distribution B. expansion C. combination D. stimulation50. A. casual B. special C. normal D. irregular51. A. attendance B. residence C. destination D. accommodation52. A. wandering B. touring C. observing D. exploring53. A. threat B. guilt C. danger D. frustration54. A. Moreover B. Nevertheless C. Briefly D. Consequently55. A. In a sense B. In his case C. On the scene D. On his occasion 参考答案：41 - 45 DCBAC 46 - 50 ACDBC 51 - 55 DADAB2020届黄浦区高三英语二模III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Retailers(零售商) closed more than 9,000stores in 2019. Some people call what has happened to the shopping landscape “the retail (41) ______ .” It is easy to chalk it up to the rise of e-commerce, which has thrived while physical stores struggle. But this can be (42) ______. Online sales have grown tremendously in the last 20 years, but Internet shopping still represents only 11 percent of the entire retail sales total. Collectively, three major (43) ______ forces have had an even bigger impact on brick-and-mortar retail than the Internet has.To begin with,we have changed (44) ______ we shop —away from smaller stores like those in malls and toward stand-alone “Big Box” stores,which is a greater problem for most physical stores.Also, Rising income (45) ______ has left less of the nation’s money in the hands of the middle class, and the traditional retail stores that (46) ______ them have suffered. It is estimates that since 1970, the share of the nation’s income earned by families in the middle class has fallen from almost two-thirds to around 40 percent. As the (47) ______ of income at the top rises, overall retail suffers simply because high-income people save a much larger share of their money. The government reports (48) ______ for different income levels in the official Consumer Expenditure Survey. In the latest data, people in the top 10 percent of income (49) ______ almost a third of their income after taxes. People in the middle of the income distribution spent 100 percent of their income. (50) ______, as the middle class has been squeezed and more has gone to the top, it has meant higher saving rates overall.Lastly, We have spent (51) ______ less of income on things and more on services. Since 1960, we went from spending 5 percent of our income on health to almost 18 percent, government statistics show. We spend more on education, entertainment, business services and all sorts of other products that aren’t (52) ______ in traditional retail stores. Economists debate theories of why we have (53) ______ to services and away from goods but no one questions that it has happened. It means that over time, retailers selling (54) ______ will have to run harder and harder just to stay in place.In short, the broad forces hitting retail are more a lesson in economics than in the power of (55) ______. It’s a lesson all retailers will have to l earn someday.41.A.business B.disaster C.investment D.strategy42.A.advanced B.confirmed C. overstated D.undervalued43.A.economic B.legal C.physical D.political44.A.how B.what C.where D.why45.A.distribution B.inequality C.level D.tax46.A.aim at B.approve of pete with D.stem from47.A.concentration B.influence C.security D.sourcecation B.employment C.housing D.spending49.A.concealed B.donated C.earned D.saved50.A.Instead B.However C.Moreover D.Therefore51.A.cautiously B.intelligently C. proportionately D.prospectively52.A.available B.insufficient C.popular D.uncommon53.A.applied mitted C.shifted D.tied54.A.ideas B.patents C.services D.things55.A.consumption B.habit C.income D.technology 参考答案：41-45:BCACB 46-50:AADDD 51-55: CACDDe National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) 44 climate tipping (转折) point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have 45 changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to 46 across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden 47 of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate change is 48 our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really 49 seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,”said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more 50 . Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and 51 fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfire season in the 52 history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study 53 on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted.54 , there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said. Forest 55 can also replant trees after fire, at least in the areas where climate conditions will allow.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. A. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocates参考答案：41-55: BABCA BBDAB CBACBng passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The term “staycation”means vacations that you take at home or near your home rather than traveling to another place. It is closely connected with less pollution, saving money and not contributing to the overwhelming disorder that takes place in some of the world's most touristic areas. The concept of staycation was born at the time of the 2008 market 41 in the United States. Because of it, many households were forced to 42 their expenses and consequently limit their vacation budget. The shortage of money to travel abroad is at the origin of why many people started to (re) discover their most 43 surroundings.At the same time, awareness of the 44 impacts of tourism, especially on what concerns the impacts of transportation, started to increase too. And so did the perception that some of the main cities (abroad) are increasingly overloaded with people-- with places such as Barcelona, Venice, or the Seychelles planning on 45 a tourist cap.Staycation appears like a great solution for the 46 above mentioned. It is a great way of spending joyful vacations while helping one's 47 and the environment. 48 , staying close to home eliminates the budget for accommodation and transport.Apart from the financial 49 gained by leaving behind expensive plane tickets or by not booking hotel rooms that aren't cheap, staycation also has the benefit of keeping harmful50 in the ground. Cars, boats, and planes are not (or are less) used; 51 , other means of transport such as public transport, bicycles, electric scooters or just walking are favored.This allows people's carbon footprints not to 52 as much as they would if long distances had been traveled.A staycation is a form of alternative tourism that is fully in line with the slow tourism trend. Slow tourism invites you to live in the 53 moment. It encourages you to take your time, discover nearby landscapes, reconnect and spend more time outdoors in nature with the people you enjoy, There are no fully-booked days, and there is no 54 to go from one activity to another just to stay busy all the time.Given the multiple 55 of local tourism, you no longer have a reason to be embarrassed at the coffee machine at work when you are asked where you are going on vacation this year.41. A. value B. sector C. crisis D. shares42. A. restrict B. bear C. avoid D. meet43. A. cheerful B. immediate C. polluted D. attractive44. A. limited B. financial C. cultural D. environmental45. A. introducing B. stopping C. postponing D. raising46. A. challenges B. assessment C. tasks D. applications47. A. voyage B. mind C. pocket D. hometown48. A. In addition B. For example C. In fact D. On the contrary49. A. services B. advice C. resources D. savings50. A. emissions B. exposure C. vehicles D. strategies51. A. therefore B. instead C. however D. moreover52. A. last B. fall C. increase D. change53. A. historic B. present C. critical D. climatic54. A. good B. harm C. blame D. rush55. A. advantages B. challenges C. platforms D. themes参考答案：CABDA ACCDA BCBDA2020届浦东新区高三英语二模Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Communication, One Major Part of the Scientific Method Scientists may feel it their duty to share their guesses, methods, and findings with the rest of the scientific community. This sharing serves two __41__. First, it supports the basic deal of skepticism（怀疑论）by making it possible for others to say, “Oh, yeah? Let me check that.” It tells others where to see what the scientist saw, and what techniques and tools to use. Second, it gets the word out so that others can use what has been discovered. This is essential because science is a(n) __42__ efforts. People who work thousands of miles apart build with and upon each other’s discoveries.The communication of science begins with “peer review”, a process of __43__ an author’s scholarly work, research or ideas to the inspection of other experts. It typically has three stages. The first occurs when a scientists seeks funding - from government agencies, foundations, or other __44__ -- to carry out a research program. He or she must prepare a report describing the intended work, laying out background, hypotheses（假设）, planned experiments, expected results, and even the __45__ impacts on other fields. Committees of other scientists then __46__ the report to see whether the scientist knows his or her area, has the necessary abilities, and is realistic in his or her plans.Once the scientist has the needed __47__, has done the work, and has written a report of the results, that reports will go to a scientific journal. Before publishing the report, the journal’s editors will show it to other workers in the same or __48__ fields and ask whether the work was done adequately, the conclusion are justified, and the report should be published.The third stage of peer review happens are publication, when the broader scientific community gets to see and __49__ the work.This three-stage quality-control process can, of course, be faulty. Any scientist with independent wealth can __50__ the first stage quite easily but such scientists are much, much rarer today than they were a century or so ago. Those who remain are the object of envy. __51__ , it is fair to say that they are not disapproved as were those who avoid the latter two stages of the “peerreview” mechanisms by using press conferences.On the other hand, it is certainly possible for the standard peer review mechanisms to __52__. By their nature, these mechanisms are more likely to __53__ ideas that are not different from what the reviewers think they already know. Yet the un-traditional or unconventional ideas are not __54__ wrong, as Alfred Wegener proved when he tried to gain __55__ for the idea of continental drift in the early twentieth century. It was not until the 1960s that most geologists accepted his ideas as genuine insights.41. A. purposes B. duties C. interests D. needs42. A. innovative B. prospective C. cooperative D. plain43. A. accustoming B. addicting C. restricting D. subjecting44. A. projects B. sources C. unions D. departments45. A. stronger B. more limited C. more dramatic broader46. A. Look up B. go over C. long for D.. call for47. A. funds B. fields C. impacts D. experiments48. A. different B. chosen C. related D. academic49. A. substitute B. create C. judge D. undertake50. A. reach B. mark C. hold D. skip51. A. Similarly B. Contrarily C. Surely D. Therefore52. A. fail B. function C. evolve D. work53. A. convey B. overlook C. reject D. approve54. A. necessarily B. particularly C. dramatically D. terribly55. A. confidence B. acceptance C. strength D. weight参考答案：41-55ACDBD BACCD CADAB2020届松江区高三英语二模Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.An artificial intelligence can accurately translate thoughts into sentences, at least for a limited vocabulary of 250 words. The system may bring us a step closer to ___41____ speech to people who have lost the ability.Joseph Makin at the University of California, San Francisco, and his colleagues used deep learning algorithms(算法) to study the brain ___42___ of four women as they spoke. The women, who all suffer from a certain kind of brain disorder, already had electrodes attached to their brains to monitor disease attacks.Each woman was asked to read aloud from a set of sentences as the team ___43___ brain activity. The largest group of sentences ___44___ 250 unique words. The team fed this brain activity to a network algorithm related to nerves, training it to ___45___ regularly occurring patterns that could be linked to repeated aspects of speech. These patterns were then fed to a second network, which tried to turn them into words to ____46____ a sentence.Each woman repeated the sentences at least twice, and the final repetition didn’t form part of the training data, ___47___ the researchers to test the system.Each time a person speaks the same sentence, the brain activity associated will be similar but not exactly the sane. “Memori z ing the brain activity of these sentences wouldn’t help, ___48___ th e network instead has to learn what’s similar about them so that it can generalize to this final example,” says Makin. Across the four women, the AI’s best performance was an average translation error rate of 3 per cent.Makin says that using a small number of sentences made it ___49___ for the AI to learn which words tend to follow others. For example, the AI was able to ___50___。
2020年上海中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析
2020年上海中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Internet has revolutionized our lives to such an extent (程度) that for most people, the global network has become more than just a tool but rather an important aid in everyday life. More and more people go online as wireless networks have brought the Internet closer and closer: it’s on our mobile phones, in our cars and TV sets, in hospital surgery rooms and in fishing boats that battle the waves of the Atlantic.And this revolution has brought along with it a new way of shopping. Both big and small, e-business websites have flooded the Internet by the hundreds of thousands. Anything you can buy from a brick and mortar store (实体店) you can also buy online: from food and clothes to toys, no matter what you’re looking for, you’re bound to find the right online store with just a few clicks of the mouse. You can use the Internet to find new suppliers, post buying requests or search for products and services.This revolution has affected brick and mortar business owners greatly. And what was their reaction? They’ve opened online stores to go hand in hand with their conventional business.But do the big players have reasons to be afraid? Are we going to start seeing ghostly, deserted Walmarts (沃尔玛) across the country? Probably not in the near future but the day will come when most people will just stop shopping offline anymore. A trip to Walmart wastes time, burns gas.The recent advancements in mobile technology and the introduction of mobile phones with enhanced (提高的) web capabilities have even made some people order their groceries when they get out from work and have them delivered at their doorstep by the time they get home. And as “Time is money”, this practice is lifesaving for people whowork two jobs.Technology will continue to advance and e-business will follow closely in its footsteps. Everything will become easier and less time consuming, leaving us more time to enjoy the things that really matter in life: the ones we love, our friends and hobbies.1. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The popularity of mobile phones.B. The great influence of the Internet.C. The importance of the Internet.D. The function of the global network.2. In response to the threat of online business, the brick-and-mortar store owners________.A. have stopped their traditional businessB. have started their dislike of the InternetC. have established their own websiteD. have opened their online stores3. What would be the best title for the passage?A. A New Way of Shopping.B. The Internet Revolution.C. What is the Reaction to Online Shopping?D. Is Online Shopping the Future of E-business?BI was in the second year of my Ph. D. program when a colleague asked what I would do if I had an extra hour every day. Without much consideration, I said I would use it to help others. The question kept coming to my mind. Like many graduate students, I was overwhelmed (难以承受的) with research, teaching, coursework, and some attempt at a personal life. Still, I asked myself, "Do I really need a 25th hour to help other people-or do I need to make better use of the 24 hours I have?"I needed something to help me return to my old self. After that conversation with my colleague, I googled (谷歌搜索) “volunteer opportunities near me”. A local organization that drives people to stores or appointments was looking for volunteers. Having grown up in a rural village where everyone knew oneanother and my grandparents were always close by, I thought serving senior citizens in my new hometown might be just what I needed.A short time later, I started to volunteer for an organization that provides transportation for senior citizens and people with disabilities. To my surprise, adding this activity to my busy life was just what I needed to calm the confusion I was feeling as a first-generation international graduate student.I started to volunteer about 3 hours every weekend, the time I otherwise would have wasted oversleeping or scrolling (滚屏) through social media. Sharing stories with my riders was much more rewarding. What they told me about their lives helped me realize that in every corner of the world, humans are connected with the languageof emotions. And seeing how eager my riders were to spend time out and about inspired me to think about how to spend my time, which used to slip away. My previously overwhelming schedule began to feel manageable.I'm proud of who I have become, and I continue to reflect on how I'm using the most valuable thing in life: my time.4. Why did the author ask himself the question in Paragraph 1?A. He wanted to return to normal life.B. He was busy but wanted to help others.C. He couldn't bear too much school work.D. He couldn't answer his colleague's question.5. How did the author find the volunteer job?A. A colleague recommended it.B. A local organization offered it.C. He got it from his grandparents.D. He got it by surfing on the Internet.6. What made the author feel his volunteer job was worth doing?A. Communicating with his riders.B. Improving his language learning.C. Meeting his grandparents often.D. Realizing his previous dream.7. How did volunteering influence the author?A. It helped himbecome confident and efficient.B. He found a good way to live a free and quiet life.C. He realized he had wasted too much time pursuing his Ph.D.D. It inspired him to spare more time to accompany his grandparents.CIn order to develop the pandemic-stricken economy, China recovered the street vendors（商贩）in a new nation-wide method known as “street stall economy'', allowing residents to set up open-air shops on the sidewalks or other available public spaces.Street vendors were once an important part ofChina's economy and urban landscape. However, sinceChina's economy took off in the last decade, street vendors have gradually disappeared from the streets and many of them opened shops of their own.Fast forward to today, street vendors have come into our sight again after cities such asChengduand Yantai succeeded in creating hundreds of thousands of jobs by giving street stalls permission to operate.China's tech industry was quick to jump on the street vendor trend, with tech giants including Alibaba, Tencent, Meituan and flocking todish outcheap loans, offer support and payment solutions to millions of owners of newly established small businesses.Ant Financial, Alibaba's fintech arm, promised its mobile wallet app Alipay will give interest-free loans to 30 million vendors, and 70 billion RMB of interest-free credit line to consumers to make purchases everywhere, including street vendors. provided 50 billion RMB worth of quality goods for street vendors, and provided each one of them with a maximum 100,000 RMB interest-free loan to stock up.Tencent's WeChat announced to offer payment solutions, marketing supports and even training for up to 50 million street vendors, with the end goal of digitally transforming them to increase their income.Guangzhoucity partnered with WeChat this month to hold a live streaming shopping festival to improve sales of local produce. In attempts to promote various live streaming platforms, many tech CEOs also made their own live streamed e-commerce debuts（首次亮相）selling goods coming from all over the country.8. What does the underlined part “dish out" in Paragraph 3 mean?A. turn down.B. provide with.C. pay off.D. apply for.9. Compared with and Tencent, what unique measure did Ant Financial take?A. It provides interest-free loans for vendors.B. It offers interest-free credit line to customers.C. It provides quality goods for street vendors.D. It offers marketing support to businessmen.10. What's the purpose of the cooperation between WeChat andGuangzhoucity?A. To volunteer to train street vendors.B. To give away free goods to the poor.C. To promote to develop the local economy.D. To help CEOs make their own streaming platforms.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Chengdu and Yantai Succeeded in Creating Job OpportunitiesB. "Street Vendor Economy” Greatly Increases People's IncomeC. The Whole Nation Are Involved in a New Economy ModelD.China's Major Tech Companies Are Helping With "Street Vendor Economy”DI was in the second year of my Ph. D. program when a colleague asked what I would do if I had an extra hourevery day. Without much consideration, I said I would use it to help others. The question kept coming to my mind. Like many graduate students, I was overwhelmed (难以承受的) with research, teaching, coursework, and some attempt at a personal life. Still, I asked myself, "Do I really need a 25th hour to help other people-or do I need to make better use of the 24 hours I have?"I needed something to help me return to my old self. After that conversation with my colleague, I googled (谷歌搜索) “volunteer opportunities near me”. A local organization that drives people to stores or appointments was looking for volunteers. Having grown up in a rural village where everyone knew oneanother and my grandparents were always close by, I thought serving senior citizens in my new hometown might be just what I needed.A short time later, I started to volunteer for an organization that provides transportation for senior citizens and people with disabilities. To my surprise, adding this activity to my busy life was just what I needed to calm the confusion I was feeling as a first-generation international graduate student.I started to volunteer about 3 hours every weekend, the time I otherwise would have wasted oversleeping or scrolling (滚屏) through social media. Sharing stories with my riders was much more rewarding. What they told me about their lives helped me realize that in every corner of the world, humans are connected with the languageof emotions. And seeing how eager my riders were to spend time out and about inspired me to think about how to spend my time, which used to slip away. My previously overwhelming schedule began to feel manageable.I'm proud of who I have become, and I continue to reflect on how I'm using the most valuable thing in life: my time.12. Why did the author ask himself the question in Paragraph 1?A. He wanted to return to normal life.B. He was busy but wanted to help others.C. He couldn't bear too much school work.D. He couldn't answer his colleague's question.13. How did the author find the volunteer job?A. A colleague recommended it.B. A local organization offered it.C. He got it from his grandparents.D. He got it by surfing on the Internet.14. What made the author feel his volunteer job was worth doing?A. Communicating with his riders.B. Improving his language learning.C. Meeting his grandparents often.D. Realizing his previous dream.15. How did volunteering influence the author?A. It helped himbecome confident and efficient.B. He found a good way to live a free and quiet life.C. He realized he had wasted too much time pursuing his Ph.D.D. It inspired him to spare more time to accompany his grandparents.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海市二中学高三英语二模试题及答案
2020届上海市二中学高三英语二模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAmid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.PotatoesShelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark placeYukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoeswill last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.Tea※Shelf life：6 to 12 months past "sell - by" dateDried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.Peanuts● Shelf life：1 to 2 monthsPeanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.Canned fruits and vegetables● Shelf life：1 to 2 years past "sell - by” dateCanning is an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?A. Potatoes.B. Tea.C. Peanuts.D. Canned fruits and vegetables.2. What is special about tea?A. The flavor of tea can always remain the same.B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.C. Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.D. The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?A. Shapes of cans.B. Categories of foods.C. Decline of the temperature.D. Exposure to high temperature.BWhen I was seven my father gave me a Timex, my first watch. I loved it, wore it for years, and haven’t had another one since it stopped ticking a decade ago. Why? Because I don’t need one. I have a mobile phone and I’m always near someone with an iPod or something like that. All these devices (装置) tell the time — which is why, if you look around, you’ll see lots of empty wrists; sales of watches to young adults have been going down since 2007. This is ridiculous. Expensive cars go faster than cheap cars. Expensive clothes hang better than cheap clothes. But these days all watches tell the time as well as all other watches. Expensive watches come with extra functions — but who needs them? How often do you dive to 300 metres into the sea or need to find your direction in the area around the South Pole? So why pay that much of five years’ school fees for watches that allow you to do these things?If justice were done, the Swiss watch industry should have closed down when the Japanese discovered how to make accurate watches for a five-pound note. Instead the Swiss reinvented the watch, with the aid of millions of pounds’ worth of advertising, as a message about the man wearing it. Rolexes are for those who spend their weekends climbing icy mountains; a Patek Philippe is for one from a rich or noble family; a Breitling suggests you like to pilot planesacross the world.Watches are now classified as “investments” (投资). A 1994 Philippe recently sold for nearly £ 350,000, while 1960s Rolexes have gone from £ 15,000 to £ 30,000 plus in a year. But a watch is not an investment. It’s a toy for self-satisfaction, a matter of fashion. Prices may keep going up — they’ve been rising for 15 years. But when of fashion. Prices may keep going up — they’ve been rising for 15 years. But when fashion moves on, the owner of that £ 350,000 beauty will suddenly find his pride and joy is no more a good investment than my childhood Times.4. The author don’t need another watch because ________.A. he don’t like wearing a watchB. he has mobile phone and can ask someone for helpC. he has no sense of timeD. he thinks watches too expensive5. It seems ridiculous to the writer that________.A. expensive watches with unnecessary functions still sellB. expensive clothes sell better than cheap onesC. cheap cars don’t run as fast as expensive onesD. people dive 300 metres into the sea6. What can be learnt about Swiss watch industry from the passage?A. It wastes a huge amount of money in advertising.B. It’s hard for the industry to beat its competitors.C. It targets rich people as its potential customers.D. It’s easy for theindustry to reinvent cheap watches.7. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. Timex or Rolex?B. My Childhood TimexC. Watches? Not for Me!D. Watches----a Valuable CollectionCMany teens may feel anxious sometimes. It’s the kind of nervousness that makes you bite your nails before a big test. We spend more time online than we should. We feel good about ourselves or bad based on how many Likes and Followers we get on social media. Young people are developing a false view of life.On the screen, we see what people want to show us. People usually only post photos where they are looking their best. They are surrounded by friends and seem that they are having a great time. No one seems sad or lonely. In short, life isfabulous. But sooner or later, our young people compare their real life to it. They find that theirs doesn’t seem as fun or exciting and grow worried that they may be missing out.No wonder teachers are reporting more anxious students. It’s reported that a lot more college students feel ―overwhelming anxiety. The percentage jumped from 50% in 2011 to 62% in 2016. Anxiety is now the most common mental-health problem in my country. It affects nearly one-third of teens and adults.Certainly, we can’t blame it on social media alone. We expect toomuch from our children and a lot of these expectations aren’t reasonable. Their schedules are packed with sports, clubs and homework. They don’t have enough free time. We want our children to succeed, and we don’t care how much it costs.As parents, we must have more balance. On one hand, we push too hard, and on the other hand, we makelife too easy for children. We shouldn’t and can’t promise our children that they will always be happy. We shouldn’t try to protect them from the problems of everyday life. Let them solve the problems in person.8. What is the text mainly about?A. What causes teens’ nervousness.B. How to deal with teens’ anxiety.C. What a view of life means to people.D. How to treat social media appropriately.9. What does the underlined word “fabulous” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Wonderful.B. Encouraging.C. Anxious.D. Doubtful.10. Why does the author mention the numbers in paragraph 3?A. To draw teachers’ attention.B. To show teachers’ mental problems.C. To present the seriousness of teens’ anxiety.D. To show adults have more problems than teens.11. What should parents do to help their children out?A. Try to meet their expectations.B. Help them with their homework.C. Give them more free time to play sports.D. Allow them to solve their own problems in life.DWhy isn’t science better? Look at career incentive(激励).There are oftensubstantial gaps between the idealized and actual versions of those people whose work involves providing a social good. Government officials are supposed to work for their constituents. Journalists are supposed to provide unbiased reporting and penetrating analysis. And scientists are supposed to relentlessly probe the fabric of reality with the most rigorous and skeptical of methods.All too often, however, what should be just isn’t so. In a number of scientific fields, published findings turn out not toreplicate(复制), or to have smaller effects than, what was initially claimed. Plenty of science does replicate — meaning the experiments turn out the same way when you repeat them -but the amount that doesn’t is too much for comfort.But there are also waysin which scientists increase their chances of getting it wrong. Running studies withsmall samples, mining data for correlations and forming hypotheses to fit an experiment’s results after the fact are just some of the ways to increase the number of false discoveries.It’s not like we don't know how to do better. Scientists who study scientific methods have known about feasible remedies for decades. Unfortunately, their advice often falls ondeaf ears.Why? Why aren't scientific methods better than they are? In a word: incentives. But perhaps not in the way you think.In the 1970s, psychologists and economists began to point out the danger in relying on quantitative measures for social decision-making. For example, when public schools are evaluated by students’ performance on standardized tests, teachers respond by teaching “to the test”. In turn, the test serves largely as of how well the school can prepare students for the test.We can see this principle—often summarized as “when a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure”—playing out in the realm of research. Science is a competitive enterprise. There are far more credentialed (授以证书的) scholars and researchers than there are university professorships or comparably prestigious research positions. Once someone acquires a research position, there is additional competition for tenure grant funding, and support and placement for graduate students. Due to this competition for resources, scientists must be evaluated and compared. How do you tell if someone is a good scientist?An oft-used metric is the number of publications one has in peer-reviewed journals, as well as the status of those journals. Metrics like these make it straightforward to compare researchers whose work may otherwise be quite different. Unfortunately, this also makes these numbers susceptible to exploitation.If scientists are motivated to publish often and in high-impact journals, we might expect them to actively try to game the system. And certainly, some do—as seen in recent high-profile cases of scientific fraud(欺诈). If malicious fraud is the prime concern, then perhaps the solution is simply heightened alertness.However, most scientists are, I believe, genuinely interested in learning about the world, and honest. The problem with incentives is that they can shape cultural norms without any intention on the part of individuals.12. Which of the following is TRUE about the general trend in scientific field?A. Scientists are persistently devoted to exploration of reality.B. The research findings fail to achieve the expected effect.C. Hypotheses are modified to highlight the experiments' results.D. The amount of science that does replicate is comforting.13. What doesdeaf earsin the fourth paragraph probably refer to?A. The public.B. The incentive initiators.C. The peer researchers.D.The high-impact journal editors.14. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?A. Good scientists excel in seeking resources and securing research positions.B. Competition for resources inspires researchers to work in a more skeptical way.C. All the credentialed scholars and researchers will not take up university professorships.D. The number of publication reveals how scientists are bitterly exploited.15. According to the author, what might be a remedy for the fundamental problem in scientific research?A. High-impact journals are encouraged to reform the incentives for publication.B. The peer-review process is supposed to scale up inspection of scientific fraud.C. Researchers are motivated to get actively involved in gaming the current system.D. Career incentives for scientists are expected to consider their personal intention.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海市第二高级中学高三英语二模试题及答案
2020届上海市第二高级中学高三英语二模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATheBest Placeto Camp in Each StateWashington-SecondBeach, Olympic National ParkCampers put up their tents right on the sand of thisPacific Northwestbeach. Make a campfire, photograph sunset over the sea and try to absorb this charming spot with your entire being.Alaska-Bartlett Cove Campground, Glacier (冰川) Bay National ParkIn a state full of natural riches,Glacier Bayis a wonder, home to high peaks, whales, 700 miles of coastline, and light blue glaciers that flow directly into the sea. Set within temperate rainforest along Bartlett Cove, the park's only campground is impressively green and an easy jumping-off point for boat tours.Arizona-Havasupai Campground, Havasupai ReservationGetting to Havasupai is a challenge. Permits are snatched (剥夺) up almost instantly, and even if you get one it's a 10-mile hike from the border to reach this rural campground that hugs Havasu Creek. Make the journey, however, and you're rewarded with a series of great waterfalls and natural pools.Arkansas-BuffaloNationalRiverAmerica's first national river travels 135 miles through the Ozark Mountains, winding its way over rapids, forming peaceful pools and passing rocky cliffs topped by green forest. Plan a float trip and absorb the scenery ata leisurely pace, pausing for hikes to visitLostValley's caves or the 200-foot waterfalls.1.Which state may attract people preferring glaciers?A.Alaska.B.Washington.C.Arizona.D.Arkansas.2.What makesArizonaa popular camp choice among tourists?A.The blue glaciers and green rainforests.B.The winding national river and cliffs.C.The soaring peaks and long coastline.D.The beautiful waterfalls and pools.3.What can you do when camping inArkansas?A.Take a long trip on foot.B.Visit caves and waterfalls.C.Put up a well-equipped tent.D.Enjoy a view of sunset.BZaki was small for his twelve years, and he was angry being treated as a child. Farid, his older brother, had been looked upon as a man long before he was Zaki’s age. Every day Farid and the other young Bahraini men went out in their wooden boats to dive for oysters (牡蛎). Many times Zaki begged to go along, but Faridalways refused to let him.So every day Zaki would go to the shallow water to practice. His grandfather, a former diver, would watch him and advise him. All morning, Zaki would practice diving beneath the waves. Every afternoon, again and again he would go underwater and hold his breath. With each day’s practice, his diving improved and he could hold his breath a little while longer. Soon Zaki felt as much at home in the water as he did out of it.Zaki rose early one day. He wanted to compete with his brother. They dived beneath the waves. Zaki opened his eyes and found himself looking into his brother’s face. Farid was smiling with confidence. Slowly, the smile was disappearing from Farid’s face. As more seconds passed, a worried look appeared on Farid’s face. Farid was realizing that Zaki could possibly beat him. Looking into Farid’s eyes, Zaki suddenly understood what losing could mean to his brother. Never would the villagers allow him to live it down. He would be laughed at by losing to a little child. Almost without thinking, Zaki kicked his feet and rose to the surface of the water a second before Farid’s head appeared beside him.The men around them cheered and patted Farid on the back. Farid, however, put his arm around Zaki’s shoulders. “Today,” Farid announced, “we shall have a new diver among us.” Then quietly, for Zaki’s ears alone, he said “Thank you, my brother.” And Zaki knew that they both had learned that it takes more than strength to makea man.4. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. Zaki’s grandfather was a good diver.B. Zaki liked staying at home every day.C. Zaki practised hard in the water daily.D. Zaki’s grandfather encouraged him to dive.5. Which of the following best describes Zaki according to paragraph 3?A. Considerate.B. Ambitious.C. Confident.D. Adventurous.6. What can we infer from the last sentence of the text?A. Farid beat his little brother easily.B. Zaki was as strong as his brother.C. Zaki regretted losing the competition.D. Both Farid and Zaki had grown up.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Farid’s PrideB. Zaki’s ChallengeC. Brothers’ CompetitionD. Grandfather’s AdviceCSummer is quickly passing by—but not without the ultimate meteor（流星）shower event!The2021 Perseids Meteor Shower, which is considered to be the best meteor shower of the year, is expected to start lighting up skies on this Wednesday, according to NASA. Known for fireballs, the Perseids typically light up skies on warm summer nights, leaving “long wake（尾迹）of light and color1 behind them.”Under ideal conditions, sky watchers may see approximately 50-100 meteors per hour with each meteor traveling at 37 miles per second. .Because the meteors appear in all parts of the sky, it will be pretty easy to witness the celestial（天上的）event from anywhere in the world. To get the best show, it is advised to view the Perseids from the Northern Hemisphere（半球）during the pre- dawn hours, ideally between 2 a.m. and dawn. In some cases, sky gazers may be able to seemeteors during this shower as early as 9 or 10 p. m.“If it's not cloudy, pick an observing spot away from bright lights, lie on your back, and look up! You don't need any special equipment to view the Perseids—just your eyes,” NASA wrote on their site, adding that telescopes or binoculars are not recommended due to their small fields of view.Remember to let your eyes become adjusted to the dark. Try to stay off of your phone too, as looking at devices with bright screens will negatively affect your night vision and thus reduce the number of meteors you see!For those who may be unable to view the Perseids in person, a live broadcast will be streaming from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, starting around 8 p. m. on Aug. 11 and continuing through sunrise on Aug. 12.8. What can we learn about the Perseids Meteor Shower?A. It will be the best meteor shower in history.B. The ultimate shower only happens on this Wednesday.C. We can observe 50- 100 meteors per hour in any place.D. The Meteors usually have long and bright trails behind them.9. Which of the following may be the best time to view the shower?A. At 4 a. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.B. At 2 p. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.C. At sunrise on the Southern Hemisphere.D. At dawn on the Southern Hemisphere.10. What can be inferred about the observation of Meteors?A. If you use a telescope, you will see more meteors.B. You can use smartphones to record the grand scene.C. The brighter the moon is, the more meteors you can see. .D. Bright lights will reduce the visibility of meteors.11. If you are not available to watch the Perseids personally, you can ________.A. browse the unofficial website of NASAB. watch a video recorded by a flight centerC. stream a live show on Aug. 11 nightD. use special devices to connect with the showerDWith their tiny brains and excellent ability to memorize nectar locations, honeybees are a favorite model organism for studying learning and memory. Such research has indicated that to form long-term memories—ones that last a day or more—the insects need to repeat a training experience at least three times. By contrast, short-and mid-term memories that last seconds to minutes and minutes to hours, respectively, need only a single learning experience.Exceptions to this rule have been observed, however. For example, in some studies, bees formed long-lasting memories after a single learning event. Such results are often regarded as circumstantial anomalies, says Martin Giurfa of the University of Toulouse. But the anomalous findings, together with research showing that fruit flies and ants can form long-term memories after single experiences, aroused Giurfa’s curiosity. Was it possible that honeybees could reliably do the same? Giurfa reasoned that the ability to form long-term memories might depend on the particular type of bee and the experience. Within a honeybee colony, there are nurses, who clean the hive and feed the young; guards, who patrol and protect the hive; and foragers, who search for nectar.While previous studies have tested bees as a whole, Ciurfa and his colleagues focused on foragers, tasking them with remembering an experience relevant to their role: an odor associated with a sugary reward.The researchers observed that a single exposure to a reward-paired odor was enough for most forager bees to remember that specific odor the following day. Many foragers could even remember the odor three day later.The results do not mean that all prior research was wrong, says André Fiala of the University of Göttingen. “People have done the experiments in a different way.” Still, the new results do show that “the commonly held belief that one needs multiple training trials to achieve long-term memory is not always true,” he says, and this “really advances the field.”12. What does the author want to tell us through Paragraph 1?A. A model for memory research.B. The classification of memories.C. New research on learning and memory.D. Previous findings on memory formation.13. Which factor might influence a bee’s memory of an experience, according to Giurfa’s research?A. Whether the bee's role is related.B. Whether the bee is introduced or native.C. How often the bee repeats the experience.D. How long the bee is exposed to the reward.14. What is Andre Fiala’s attitude towards the new results?A. Doubtful.B. Favorable.C. Intolerant.D. Unclear.15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. Learning and Memory: How Honeybees RememberB. Honeybee Memory: Honeybee Knows What to DoC. Honeybees Remember after Just One LessonD. Honeybees Use Memory for Communication第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市实验学校高三英语二模试题及答案
2020年上海市实验学校高三英语二模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项APeople in the Middle Ages did eat with their hands. Personal utensils (餐具) were mostly unheard of, especially forks. There were spoons to help serve, but only special guests would receive a knife from the host. Everyone else would be expected to bring their own. Of course, eating with one's hands can be quite a sticky situation, so towels were provided to help diners stay at least somewhat clean as they ate.Still, dining was often a messy affair. At special occasions in the wealthiest households, women tended to dine alone, separate from the men. Women were expected to uphold a quality of grace. Eating greasy meat by hand would certainly not help! Once the men and women had finished their meals, they would come together to socialize.Dietary scholars of the Middle Ages believed that the foods in a meal needed to be served and eaten in order of heaviness. The lightest and most easily digested foods, such as fruits and cheeses, were eaten first to help the digestive (消化) system get started. Once digestion was underway, greens and light meats, such as lettuce, cabbage and chicken, could be eaten. Last came the heavier vegetables and meats, such as carrots, beans, beef, pork, and mutton. This method was considered the most healthful way to eat.The main and largest meal of the day was supper, and it was eaten at midday. Dinner was a light meal, and many of those in nobility (贵族) -the highest levels of the Middle Ages society-skipped breakfast altogether. Breakfast was considered unnecessary for those who did not perform physical work. Snacks and any other eating during the day were viewed the same way. Commoners, or the working class, were allowed to eat breakfast and small meals throughout the day.1. What did people in the Middle Ages usually do at the dinner table?A. They cleaned hands before meals.B. They used personal utensils.C. They had to use knives at dinner.D. They ate mostly with hands.2. What is the third paragraph mainly about?A. The order of eating foods.B. The weight of various foods.C. The principles of digesting foods.D. The list of healthy foods.3. Why did the nobility avoid eating breakfast?A. Breakfast was wasted for the nobility.B. Breakfast was viewed as unnecessary.C. Breakfast was considered as a light meal.D. Breakfast was saved for commoners.BImagine that youare a superhero. Your superpowers are activated by a special suit. The suit communicates with your brain. It allows you to do amazing things with only a thought. By concentrating on strength, for example, you can kick a soccer ball across a field. By focusing on swift actions, you can jump to the top of a tree.Such a connection between mind and machine may sound like a fantasy. To scientists, though, it is a very real goal. They are creating machines that let disabled monkeys walk. These machines may soon help disabled humans do the same. Unlike other bionic devices, these robotic “super suits” do not communicate with muscles and nerves. Instead, they have a direct line to the brain.In 2005, doctors drilled a hole in the skull of Hutchinson, who had lost her right arm in an accident. Then they inserted a sensor onto her motor cortex (大脑皮层运动区). Wires connected the sensor to a receiver on her head. After she recovered, researchers pluggedHutchinson’s receiver into a cable that relayed signals from her brain to computers. Then they connected a robotic arm to the computers. The computerscould interpretHutchinson’s brain signals to move the arm.Soon,Hutchinson, the computer, and the robotic arm became a team.Hutchinsonwas even able to lift her hand and drink from a cup. “She smiled when she put down that drink—that’s everything.” says Donoghue, a brain scientist.Today other scientists are building on that success. One of those scientists is Dr. Miguel Nicolelis, who designed a whole-body bionic equipment. In 2014, a disabled former athlete kicked the first ball of the World Cup Games wearing one of Miguel’s full-body exoskeletons.The exoskeleton was connected to brain signal sensors in the man’s cap. By thinking about kicking, he sent signals to a computer on his back. The computer then translated the signal into an exoskeleton-aided kick. Such designs may become common as scientists keep merging mind and machine.4.Which can best describe the tone of paragraph 1?A. Narrative and serious.B. Persuasive and critical.C. Informative and objective.D. Descriptive and imaginative.5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Reason of the experiment.B. Results of the experiment.C. Process of the experiment.D. Significance of the experiment.6. Why is Dr. Miguel’s exoskeleton special?A. It can be used on animals.B. It can move the whole body.C. It was supported by computers.D. It was connected directly to the brain.7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Robotic suits may be widely used to help disabled people.B. Exoskeleton is more common thanHutchinson’s bionic arm.C.Scientific experiments are commonly carried out in football fields.D. Disabled athletes can now play football again with the help of computer.CElizabeth Bishop is considered one of the best American poets of the 20th century. She was born in Worcester, Massachusetts in 1911. Her dad died when she was just a baby and her mom never recovered from the loss. She went to live with her grandparents in Nova Scotia, Canada when she was five. Eventually Bishop attended Vassar College, where she began to write poetry.At Vassar she discovered Marianne Moore's poetry and met Ms Moore and began their life-long friendship. She later met poet Robert Lowell. She wrote tons and tons of letters to both of them, which is good for us because we would otherwise know very little of her personal life.Bishop published her first book of poetry in 1946 and wrote until her death in 1979. She would spend years working on a single poem. Her poems are not the result of hasty scribbling (匆忙乱写) on paper while eating breakfast. She would look through drafts of poems again and again and improve them until they were as close to perfect as she could get them.Reading Elizabeth Bishop is like being transported to the very place, the very moment she's writing about. She leads us to a microscope so we can see every smallest part of the scene. It seems that she's always asking us to notice more, and more until the poem is so clear in our minds that it's almost painful—like a light that's too bright.8. What do we know about Bishop's early life?A. She was mainly brought up by her grandparents.B. She spent her childhood mainly in Worcester.C. She was always encouraged by her parents.D. She started to write poems at five.9. Why are Bishop's letters to Moore and Lowell important?A. They have a deep influence on other poets.B. They offer much information about her life.C. They help us study Moore and Lowell's poetry.D. They prove she had friendships with famous poets.10. What can we say about Bishop's poetic creation?A. She liked to write in the morning.B. She could write poems at high speed.C. She tried her best to achieve perfection.D. She published hundreds of books of poetry.11. Which word can be used to best describe the style of Bishop’s poems?A. Enthusiastic.B. Romantic.C. Humorous.D. Exact.DOne billion people in the world are short of water. How can this problem be solved. Some suggestions have been to desalinate ocean water or to build enormous water pipelines from areas where water is abundant. (Suggestions such as these prove extremely expensive when they are actually used.) One possibility that scientists are considering is pulling icebergs from either the North Pole or the South Pole to parts of the world with a water shortage. Although many questions must be answered before such a project could be tried, moving icebergs seems a reasonable possibility in the future.Engineers, mathematicians, and glaciologists from a dozen countries have been considering the iceberg as a future source of water. Saudi Arabia is particularly interested in this project because it has a great water shortage. Scientists estimate that it would take 128 days to transport a large iceberg (about 1/2 square mile) to Saudi Arabia. Yet the iceberg would be completely melted by the 104th day. Therefore, insulation would be essential, but how to insulate the iceberg remains an unsolved problem.The problems in transporting an iceberg are numerous. The first problem is choosing the iceberg to pull. Theicebergs that form in the North Pole are quite difficult to handle because of their shape. Only a small portion extends above the water — most of the iceberg is below the surface, which would make it difficult to pull. South Pole icebergs, on the other hand, are flat and float like table tops. Thus they would be much easier to move.How can a 200-million-ton iceberg be moved. No ship is strong enough to pull such enormous weight through the water. Perhaps several ships could be used. Attaching ropes to an iceberg this size is also an enormous problem. Engineers think that large nails or long metal rods could be driven into the ice. What would happen if the iceberg splits into several pieces during the pulling. Even if an iceberg with very few cracks were chosen, how could it be pulled through stormy waters. Furthermore, once the iceberg reached its destination, very few ports would be deep enough to store it.All of these problems must be solved before icebergs can become a reasonable source of water. Yet scientists estimate that it will be possible to transport them in the near future. Each year, enough icebergs form to supply the whole world with fresh water for a full year. In addition, icebergs are free and nonpolluting. As a solution to the world’s water problems, icebergs may be a workable possibility.12. What is a problem in transporting iceberg?A. The size of the iceberg.B. The colour of the iceberg.C. The salt in the iceberg.D. The movement of air and water.13. What is the author’ attitude towards transporting iceberg?A. Pessimistic.B. Objective.C. Optimistic.D. Unconcerned.14. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. It is hard to use iceberg.B. Iceberg are a good choice.C. There are problems with iceberg.D. Man finds no other ways to solve water shortage.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Shortage of water.B. Icebergs for water.C. Scientists and icebergs.D. Iceberg—scientists headache.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020上海高三英语二模汇编---翻译全文
可编辑修改精选全文完整版2020上海高三英语二模汇编---翻译1.金山区72.一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。
(associate)73.我们不能想当然地认为我们永远不会面对威胁生命的紧急情况。
(grant)74.尽管这些产品价格昂贵，但它们经久耐用，永不过时。
(as)75.让许多孩子感到烦恼的是家长们似乎没有充分意识到保护隐私的重要性，总喜欢在社交媒体上发布孩子的照片。
(bother)2.黄浦区72. 这位诗人的作品以天马行空而著称。
（famous）73. 越来越多的旅游公司开始涉足自助游项目的开发。
(involve)74. 在全球教育市场上，美国和英国仍占主导地位，但中国正在快速迎头赶上。
(the lead)75. 我们所需要的是这样的科学家，他们能用通俗的语言解释复杂的问题，并且敢于就重要的事情提出自己的见解。
(What)3.青浦区72．研学的兴起让公共文化服务成为新亮点。
（rise）73．不出所料，这个养身讲座吸引了社区众多老年居民。
（expect）74．“线上音乐会”不受时空的局限，为剧场未来发展提供了新机遇。
（break）75．该是时候民众在日常生活中通过具体行动表达对自然的敬畏与呵护了，比如节约能源、保护野生动物等。
（It）4.松江区72. 她感觉太无聊了，于是把这本杂志从头到尾看了一遍。
(So...)73. 没有良好的信用记录，你将无法从银行获取贷款。
(qualify)74. 每周六早晨，我们都雷打不动地去郊区远足，以增强体质，磨练意志。
(a rule)75. 全国上下团结一心，科学家们夜以继日地研制药品，相信战胜灾难的日子近在咫尺。
(before)5.长宁区72.我真不明白为啥他总是对别人的家事指手画脚。
(affair)73.生活中我们要学会倾听，即便是与自己相悖的意见。
(opposing)74.在英国除了急症，没有预约有病也看不了。
(unless)75.这对夫妇刚要吃饭，门铃响了，是女儿送给他们的纪念日鲜花到了。
2020年上海市高行中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案
2020年上海市高行中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFine art fairs（艺术博览会）are the trend of the 21st century, with new art and antique（古玩）fairs and festivals springing up in diverse parts of the world. Here is a list of four noteworthy art fairs.Art Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandThe granddaddy of art fairs, Art Basel, was established in 1970 by a group of local art gallerists and is the biggest contemporary art fair in the world. Art Basel takes place over a 5-day period each June in Basel, Switzerland. The high cost of renting space for gallery owners is offset（抵消）by the huge attendance at the fair. For example in 2010, about 60,000 visitors attended Art Basel.Frieze Art Fair, London“Frieze Art Fair was established in 2003 and is one of the few fairs to focus only on contemporary art and living artists.v"Thefair takes place every October in Regent's Park, London. It features over 170 of the most exciting contemporary art galleries in the world. ”In addition to the fair which began in 2003, the fair owners Matthew Slotover and Amanda Sharp publish Frieze, an international art magazine established in 1991 and devoted to contemporary art.TEFAF Maastricht, the NetherlandsEstablished in 1975 as The Pictura Fine Art Fair, and renamed The European Fine Art Foundation（TEFAF）, Maastricht in 1996, the fair includes 260 of the world's most famous art and antique dealers from 16 countries.The 24th edition of the TEFAF fair held March 18 — 27, 2011 featured 260 dealers exhibiting approximately 30, 000 artworks and antiques with an overall value of $ US 1. 4 billion.ARCO, MadridARCO Madrid was established in 1982 and is one of Europe's leading and popular art fairs. In addition to the exhibiting galleries（in 2011, 197 international art galleries participated）, a seriesof lectures and specially focused exhibitions take place.1.How does Art Basel cover the expense of renting space?A.By selling tickets.B.By selling expensive exhibits.C.By donation from dealers.D.By support from the government.2.The owners of Frieze Art Fair are also in charge of____.A.170 living artists.B.An international art magazine.C.30,000 artworks and antiques.D.A series of lectures.3.Which of the following has the longest history?A.Art BaselB.Frieze Art FairC.TEFAFD.ARCOBAvi Loeb, a scientist, believes that we are not alone in the universe. The belief fits withLoeb's alien spaceship theory that at least one alien spaceship might be flying over the orbit of Jupiter, which won the international attention last year.Astronomers inHawaiifound the first known interstellar object in late 2017. It was a bit of light moving so fast past the sun that it could only have come from another star. Almost every astronomer on the planet was trying to figure out how the object, called “Oumuamua” got to our far-away part of the Milky way galaxy. “One possibility is that ‘Oumuamua’ is debris from an advanced technological equipment,” Loeb said. “Technology comes from another solar system just showed up at our door. ”“‘Oumuamua’ is not an alien spaceship,” Paul Sutter, another scientist wrote. He suggested Loeb was seeking publicity. Most scientists think “Oumuamua” is some sort of rock. They think it could be an icy wandering comet.Loeb says that “Oumuamua's” behavior means it can't be a block of rock shaped like a long photo. He thinks it's more likely an object that's very long and thin, perhaps like a long pancake or a ship's sail. Loeb says that if someone shows him evidence thatcontradictshis beliefs, he will immediately give in.Loeb believes himself a truth-teller and risk-taker in an age of very safe, too-quiet scientists. “The worst thing that can happen to me is that I would be relieved of my management duties, and that would give me even more time to focus on science,” Loeb says. He said he wouldn't mind giving up all the titles he had and returning to the Israeli farming village where he grew up.4. What does Loeb say about “Oumuamua”?A. It is an icy comet.B. It looks like a long photo.C. It is actually some sort of rock.D. It may come from another alien civilization.5. What does the underlined word “contradicts” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Goes against.B. Relies on.C. Turns to.D. Searches for.6. What do you think of Loeb?A. He is foolish.B. He is unsatisfied with his titles.C. He is a firm believer in scientific truth.D. He is uncertain about his career future.7. What's the best title for the text?A. Have Aliens Paid a Visit in Spaceships?B. Do We Really Know about Space Theory?C. Scientists Are Working on High TechnologyD. Astronomers Are Encouraging Space TravelCThe health benefits of staying active are already well-known. It can help you manage weight, keep blood sugar levels down and reduce risk factors for heart disease.Now, a new study suggests that regularly playing sports, especially badminton or tennis, is not only healthy but also reduces your risk of death, at any age, by approximately 50%. This is a big scale population study to explore the health benefits of sports in terms of death rate. The study evaluated responses from 80, 306 adults aged 30 and above inEnglandandScotland, who were surveyed about their health, lifestyle and exercise patterns.After adjusting factors such as age, sex, weight, smoking habits, alcohol use, education and other forms of exercise besidesthe named sports, the researchers compared the risk of death among people who took part in a sport to those who didn’t. The percentage of reduced risk of death was found to be: 47% for racket（球拍）sports, 28% for swimming and 15% for cycling.In addition to this, the study didn’t find any significant reduction in the risk for sports like running and football. The findings also exposed that over 44% of the participants met the guidelines for the recommended exercise levels to stay fit and healthy, which amounts to 150 minutes of moderate(适度的) physical activity in a week.Does this mean you stop running or playing football and switch to tennis instead? Every kind of sport and physical activity has different physical, social and mental benefits attached to it. The apparent lack of benefits of running and football could result from several variables that were not taken into account.Being active helps you feel happier and live longer. So, the most important step is to take part in any kind of sport that you are likely to enjoy and follow in the long term.8. How is the study conducted?A. By doing comparative experiments.B. By analyzing previous data.C. By evaluating survey information.D. By tracking participants for a long time.9. What does the underlined part “the named sports” refer to?A. Ball sports.B. Racket sports.C. Individual sports.D. Traditional sports.10. What can we infer from paragraph 5?A. Few people will play football.B. Tennis will become more popular.C. The result of this study is wrong.D. The study needs to be further improved.11. What does the author advise people to do?A. Stick to any sport that you like.B. Play badminton and tennis only.C. Stop running and playing football.D. Do any sport according to guidelines.DFor years, life went something like this: We’d grow up in one place, head off to college, and then find a city to get a job and live there for a few years. The final goal was to find somewhere to settle down, buy a house, start a family, and begin the whole cycle all over again. But now some people are increasingly choosing to move from city to city throughout their entire lives, sometimes as frequently as every month.Just ask Alex Chatzieleftheriou, who has had a front-row seat watching this evolution unfold. Six years ago, he launched a startup called Blueground that rents out beautifully designed, fully furnished apartments for a month at a time, at rates that are cheaper than hotels. And it aims to make each one feel unique and comfortable,rather than standardized, like what you might find in a traditional hotel.Today, the company has 3,000 properties(房地产) in six U.S. cities, along with Dubai, Istanbul, London, Paris, and Chatzieleftheriou’s native Athens, and a staff of 400. With the helpof the Series B round of funding, the company landed $ 50 million, plus its previous total of $ 28 million, to continue its rapid expansion. It hopes to have 50,000 properties in 50 cities over the next three years.Chatzieleftheriou first came up with the idea for Blueground while he was working as a management consultant for McKinsey. “The accommodation of choice for consultants is the hotel,” he says. “I had to spend five years in hotel rooms, living in 12 different cities. I loved seeing the world, but I didn’t love feeling like I didn’t have a home.” And what’s more, hotels aren’t a particularly cost-effective solution for companies either. In Chatzieleftheriou’s case, McKinsey sometimes paid $ 10,000 or more for him to stay in a major city for a month.12. What does the author intend to tell in the first paragraph?A. A new lifestyle is appearing.B. Life is just like a circle for people.C. Most people are used to an easy life.D. People live in different places in life.13. What is the goal of Blueground?A. To compete with hotels.B. To create standardized hotels.C. To make renters feel at home.D. To rent out long-term apartments.14. What do we know about Blueground?A. It got a total investment of $ 78 million.B. Its business is anything but satisfying.C. It expanded to every corner of the world.D. It has 50,000 properties in 50 cities.15. What does the last paragraph focus on?A. High costs of hotels.B. Chatzieleftheriou’s former work.C Strengths of Blueground.D. The inspiration for Blueground.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市高行中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析
2020年上海市高行中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASome young people win attention because of their good looks or their singing ability. A much smaller number gain fame because they have done something important and worthwhile with their abilities. Rishab Jain is among the latter. In 2018, 13-year-oldRishab developed a way to use AI technology to help pancreatic(胰腺的) cancer patients and won the3MYoung Scientist Challenge, a nationwide middle-school science competition, and its $25,000 prize.In the last stage of the contest, Rishab competed againstnine other finalists at the 3M Innovation Center(创新中心) in St.Paul,Minnesota. Leading up to the big meet, each finalist had partnered with a scientist to further develop their inventions.Rishab explains what led him to create his invention. First,a family friend died of cancer. Then Rishab learned about how deadly pancreatic cancer is, and that its low survival rate is due to how difficult it is to treat. "I'm also into programming, so I was learning about AI technology. I decided to try to solve a real-world problem using it."His winnings have been put in further research and in his nonprofit Samyak Science Society, which helps poor children enter the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) education. Rishab is also raising awareness about pancreatic cancer. These efforts make him quite different from teenagers of his age. Considering becoming a biomedical engineer or a doctor一or both, he has also put some money aside to further his own learning. Almost certainly the doors of higher education will open wide to him before he even knocks.That's an outstanding outlook for one so young. Rashib is committed to helping very sick people in need. He is also providing teenagers of his age with a much-needed model of what kinds of things youth can achieve.1. What can we learn about the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2018?A. It was intended to solve medical problems.B. It was a nationwide AI competition for teenagers.C. It offered the finalists an opportunity to work with scientists.D. It allowed the finalists to learn AI technology in the 3M center.2. How did Rishab win the 3M Young Scientist Challenge?A.He showed excellent programming ability.B. He figured out the survival rate of pancreatic cancer.C. He introduced poor children to STEM education.D. He applied AI technology to treating pancreatic cancer.3. Which of the following best describes Rishab?A. Talented and caring.B. Independent and humorous.C. Responsible and patient.D. Polite and inspiring.BA smiling panda and a walking Chinese lantern will be the mascots of the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics (残奥会）in Beijing .The mascots were known to the public on Sept.17, 2019 at a ceremony inBeijing. Beijing Mayor Chen Jining described them as adorable, unique , and exquisite (精致的）。
2020年上海市高行中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案
2020年上海市高行中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AA medical capsule robot is a small,often pill-sized device that can do planned movement inside the body after being swallowed or surgically inserted. Most models use wireless electronics or magnets or a combination of the two to control the movement of the capsule. Such devices have been equipped with cameras to allow observation and diagnosis, with sensors that “feel,” and even with mechanical needles that administer drugs.But in practice, Biomechatronics engineer Pietro Valdastri has found that developing capsule models from scratch (从头开始) is costly, time-consuming and requires advanced skills. “The problem was we had to do them from scratch every time,” said Valdastri in an interview. “And other research groups were redeveloping those same modules from scratch, which didn’t make sense.”Since most of the capsules have the same parts of components: a microprocessor, communication submodules, an energy source, sensors, and actuators (致动器), Valdastri and his team made the modular platform in which the pieceswork in concertand can be interchanged with ease. They also developed a flexible board on which the component parts are snapped in like Legos. The board can be folded to fit the body of the capsule, down to about 14 mm. Additionally, they compiled (编译) a library of components that designers could choose from, enabling hundreds of different combinations. They arranged it all in a free online system. Designers can take the available designs or adapt them to their specific needs.“Instead of redeveloping all the modules from scratch, people with limited technological experience can use our modules to build their own capsule robots in clinical use and focus on their innovation,” Valdastri said.Now, the team has designed a capsule equipped with a surgical clip to stop internal bleeding. Researchers at Scotland’s Royal Infirmary of Edinburg have also expressed interest in using the system to make a crawling capsule that takes images of the colon(结肠). One research group, led by professors at the Institute of Digestive Disease of the Chinese University of HongKong, is making a swimming capsule equipped with a camera that pushes itself through the stomach.One limitation of Valdastri’s system is that it’s only for designing models. Researchers can confirm their hypotheses (假设) and do first design using the platform, but will need to move to a custom approach to develop their capsules further and make them practical for clinical use.1. According to the passage, Valdastri and his team created the platform to ________.A. adopt the latest technologiesB. make their robots dream come trueC. help build specialized capsule robotsD. do preciser observation and diagnosis2. What does the underlined phrase “work in concert” mean in Para.3?A. Perform live.B. Run independently.C. Act in a cooperative way.D. Carry on step by step.3. What can be learnt from the passage?A. Valdastri’s system can’t provide a complete capsule creation.B. The modular platform is more useful than a custom approach.C. The capsules can move in human’s body automatically.D. It costs more to module the capsules on the board.BWhena person in the United States gets the COVID-19 vaccine (疫苗), the person receives a small piece of paper called a “COVID-19 Vaccination Record Card”.It is a piece of paper with the logo of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, and the name and date of the vaccine. Because it is so simple, it could be easy to fake.Many people in theU.S.are still unsure about getting the vaccine. As universities, workplaces and other places are requiring proof of vaccination, some people are now buying fake vaccination cards without getting a shot.The Associated Press reports that students and teachers at universities around theU.S.are worried about fake cards. Sellers are using social media apps like Instagram to advertise fake vaccination cards. The prices range from $25 to $200. The AP notes that many college students seem interested in buying the cards. On the site Reddit, one person wrote, “I need one, too, for college. I refuse to be a guinea pig.”It is reported that more than 700 universities and colleges require proof of vaccination. Most schools simply ask their students to take a photo of their card and send it to a school website. Benjamin Mason Meier is a professor at theUniversityofNorth CarolinaatChapel Hill, UNC. He studies international health policy. He said, unlike some countries, theU.S.is not using a digital system to record vaccine status. He said theU.S.is depending on “aflimsypaper card”, and students have told him they knew of others who had used fake vaccination cards. Rebecca Williams also works at UNC. She is a researcher at the school’s Center for Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention. She said she was not surprised that people were worried about fake vaccination cards. “This is why I think the development of a reliable national digital vaccine passport app is very important,” she said.There is a law that should prevent people from making false vaccination cards. If someone uses the CDC logo without permission, they can be lined and punished by up to five years in prison. The U.S. Department of Justice recently charged a person inCaliforniawith making fake vaccination cards.College students who already have the vaccine are criticizing those who would rather spend money to buy a fake than get a free shot. Maliha Reza is an electrical engineering student atPennsylvaniaStateUniversity, She called those students “dumb”. “I’m angry about that,” she said. “Like, there is more anger than I could describe now.”4. Why do some college students buy fake vaccination cards?A. They are easy to get.B. Many Americans are still uncertain about getting the vaccine.C. Students have an interest in the fake vaccination cards.D. To get a vaccine shot is expensive.5. Which of the following measures can NOT be used to stop the fake cards?A. Having a law that should prevent people from making false vaccination cards.B. Developing a reliable national digital vaccine passport app.C. Using a digital system to record vaccine status.D. Having all the students take a photo of their vaccination card and send it to the school website.6. What does the underlined word “flimsy” probably mean?A. Weak.B. Effective.C. Detailed.D. Professional,7. What might be the writing purpose for the news report?A. To promote a digital system to record the vaccination shots.B. To explain why theU.S.should prevent making the fake vaccination cards.C. The stress the influence of the COVID-19 vaccination.D. To reduce theU.S.university leaders’ worry about fake vaccination cards.CGray wolves have lived inNorth Americafor at least half a million years. Their living areas once included most of the continentalUnited States. But during the 1800s and early 1900s, wolves were hunted to near extinction(灭绝).By the 1960s, theU. S.wolf population was limited to a handful of creatures in small comers of the northernMidwest.Then, in 1973, a law, the ESA, was passed to protect animals from becoming extinct. Gray wolves were one of the first animals placed on the endangered-species(濒危物种)list. Killing them wasillicit. And theU. ernment worked to promote their protection. In a famous example of this effort, starting in 1995, 31 wolves were moved fromCanadatoYellowstoneNational Park. By 2015, more than 500 gray wolves were living in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem(生态系统).Today, the continentalU. S.is home to more than 6,000 gray wolves. On January 4, 2021, theU. ernment removed gray wolves from the endangered-species list.Usually, an animal's removal would be cause for celebration. But some environmental protectors say the wolves still need protection. In some parts of the country, wolves are increasing in numbers. More than a thousand of them can be found just inMichiganandWisconsin. But overall, their range is still a small part of what it was. Wolves used to live across most of the U. S. Now they , are found in fewer than a dozen states. Others argue that as long as a species is not in danger of extinction, it doesn't belong on the endangered-species list. And farmers with land near wolf living areas say that if the wolf's population continues to grow, more of their farm animals will be killed by wolves.But some protection groups worry that without protection, the wolf population will crash again. They hope that no matter what, people and wolves can get along peacefully with each other. They are promoting ways to make that happen.8. What caused gray wolves to be almost extinct?A. Losing their living areas.B. Too many natural enemies.C. The extreme climate changes.D. Being hunted in great numbers.9. What does the underlined word "illicit" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Rather difficult.B. Against the law.C. Totally normal.D. Conditionally allowable.10. Why was the gray wolf removed from the endangered-species list?A. They have a much larger population already.B. They have all been put into the safe natural parks.C. They have been feeding on farmers, farm animals.D. They have grown too strong to be protected by humans.11. What do farmers living near gray wolves' living areas think of the animals?A. The wolves are trouble for them.B. The wolves must be better protected.C. The wolves get along peacefully with them.D. The wolves should live where they belong.DAfter almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing, you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart’ s desire.Now the most important question comes, what to do with the earnings? Should you fulfill dreams of the present, invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day?Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness. One may be on a winning streak (连续成功) now, but it will not always be so. One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain, and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days, they say. Do not spend too much, live within a budget,refrain fromcredit no matter how small and save for the future.Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary, the lessons start. In fact, the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one’ s money.People often think like this — one day when I have enough money, I will travel the world. Then, once we do earn enough money, tomorrow’ s plans start shadowing our present ones. However, is it wise to keep living for that future? Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in our 50s? How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future?Good questions, aren’ t they? I say travel but don’ t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future. Life is for the living, so live it sensibly.12. Why do elders teach us to save money?A. Because there are more rainy days in life.B. Because no one can win streak.C. Because good days may end.D. Because money can’t buy everything.13. What does the underlined phrase “refrain from” mean in Paragraph 3?A. select fromB. hold backC. rely onD. prefer to14. Which of the following opinions would the author agree?A. To enjoy yourself in the right time.B. To wait to travel until we have enough money.C. To go backpacking in our 50s.D. To live for the future.15. What should we do with the earnings according to the author?A. We should save all for rainy days.B. We should fulfill our dreams.C. We should entertain ourselves.D. We should live the present wisely.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市实验学校高中高三英语二模试卷及答案解析
2020年上海市实验学校高中高三英语二模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAQUILA Children’s Magazine is the most intelligent read for curious kids. Full of enthusiastic articles and challenging puzzles, every issue covers science, history and general knowledge. AQUILA is a quality production, beautifully illustrated with contemporary artwork throughout.● Intelligent reading for 8-12 year-olds● Cool science and challenging projects● Inspires self-motivated learning● Exciting new topic every issueAQUILA is created and owned by an independent UK company. It has 28 pages,printed on high-quality paper and there are no advertisements or posters. Instead it is full of well-written articles, thought-provoking ideas and great contemporary artwork. Each monthly issue is centred around a new topic.AQUILA works as a superb learning extension to current primary (or KS2 and KS3) curriculum (课程), but it is much more than that! Entertaining and always surprising, AQUILA is recommended because it widens children’s interest and understanding, rather than encouraging them to concentrate only on their favourite subjects. It gives children a well-rounded understanding of the world, in all its complexity.The concepts in AQUILA can be challenging, requiring good comprehension and reading skills. 8 years is usually a good age to start. Some gentle interest from an adult is often helpful at the start.In 2020 AQUILA will have been in publication for 28 years, but it has never appeared in newsstands or shops. We are subscription only.AQUILA SubscriptionUK: 12 Months £55 - 4 Months £30Europe: 12 Months £60 -4 Months £35World: 12 Months £70 - 4 Months £35BirthdaysSelect the Birthday option, write a gift message and choose the birthday month. We will dispatch to arrive at the start of the month you have entered. The package posts in a blue envelope marked ‘Open on your birthday’.1.What is special about AQUILA?A.It is available in shops.B.It is for kids of all ages.C.It has no advertisements.D.It prints readers’ artworks.2.What does AQUILA offer its readers?A.Articles on modern art.B.Family reading materials.C.Ideas on improving readingskills.D.Knowledge beyond school subjects.3.AQUILA is intended for ________.A.foreign language learnersB.children with learning difficultiesC.parent-child reading loversD.curious kids with good comprehensionBResearchers say spicy tomatoes could soon be on the menu thanks to the rise of gene-editing technology.It's not the first time that experts have claimed techniques could develop fruit with unusual features: scientists have already been looking at changing the color1 of kiwi fruit and bettering the taste of strawberries.But researchers inBrazilandIrelandsay such methods could also offer practical advantages, with hot tomatoes offering a new way of harvesting the pungent chemicals found in peppers known as capsaicinoids, which make food taste “hot”.“Capsaicinoids are valuable. They are used as painkillers and there are some researches showing that they promote weight loss,” said Agustin Zsogon from a Brazilian university, a co-author of a new article arguing for the benefits of engineering hot tomatoes.Writing in the journal Trends in Plant Science, the researchers say peppers are difficult crops to grow and low productive. Worse still, it is tricky to keep the pungency of the fruits table. By contrast, tomato production is high and the plant is well-studied. “You could produce the capsaicinoids in a more cost-effective manner,” said Zsogon.Tomatoes and peppers developed from a common ancestor, but separated about 19 million years ago. “All these genes to produce capsaicinoids exist in the tomato, they are just not active,” said Zsogon. “Using gene-editing technology, it is likely to switch these genes back on in tomatoes, making the fruit more special”, he said.4. Why are the tomatoes made hot by the researchers?A. To test the gene-editing technologyB. To improve the amount of the tomatoesC. To explore ways to harvest more capsaicinoids.D. To make the tomatoes more delicious.5. For what purpose can capsaicinoids be used according to the text?A. To put on weight.B. To ease the pain.C. To improve sleep.D. To better the look.6. What is Zsogon's attitude to the gene-editing technology?A. Confident.B. Critical.C. Anxious.D. Doubtful.7. What's the main idea of the text?A. An introduction to gene-editing plants.B. Creating hot tomatoes by gene-editing.C. Problems with capsaicinoid production.D. The procedure of producing capsaicinoids.CThere are similarities and differences between high school life and college life.For one thing, there are several similarities between high school life and collegelife. First, the most important task in high school and college is both studying. Studying is the most important as a student. Second, we need a goal to fight for in both high school life and college life. To lead a meaningful life, we have to set up a goal to achieve.For another, there are also some differences between high school life and college life. First, our studying is also the biggest difference. In high school, we are required to follow our teachers' steps and finish theirassignmentsevery day. While in college, there are no teachers giving such detailed requirements to us and we can choose study or not according to our own willing. What and how to study totally depends on us. Therefore, the ability of self-control is very important in college life. Second, the flexibility (灵活性) of time is another difference. In high school, we have no much leisure except for our time of study. However, in college, we have much controlled by ourselves except the time of classes. And we have more time to do what we like. Finally, college lifeis much more various and richer. Besides study, we can attend many other activities, which make our college life more wonderful.In brief, there are both similarities and differences between high school life and college life. However, no matter we are in which period, we need to make full use of every day so that we will never feel regretful.8. Why do students need a goal to fight in high school and college?A. To enter a good college.B. To avoid living a meaningless life.C. To develop the ability of control.D. To meet their parents’ satisfaction.9. What does the underlined word “assignments” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Projects.B. Tasks.C. Goals.D. Dreams.10. Which is the correct structure of the passage?A. ①-②③-④B. ①②-③-④C. ①-②③④D.①②-③④11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. College LifeB. High School LifeC. High School and CollegeD. High School Life and College LifeDBe it from the mouths of foreigners who have lived here for a few years or from stories on travel websites, one of the most common qualities that people list about Shanghai is the infectious energy that courses through the city.For some, this energy is defined by the way of life—Shanghai is a city that never sleeps. In the day, the streets arc always bustling with people from all over the world. After all, the city has long been China’s most cosmopolitan city, having been the epicenter of trade and cultural exchange between Chinese and foreigners since the city was forced to open its door to the world in 1843 after the First Opium War (1840-42).Shanghai’s ubiquitous delivery people can be found on the roads even past midnight, rushing from point to point on their trusty electric scooters to satiate the hunger of night owls. Even before the break of dawn, pensioners can be found gathering in parks, ready to kick start their day with a tai chi session.For others, this energy is generated from the friction between the contrasts the city has. Indeed, it does not take long for one to realize that Shanghai's charmlies in it being a binary of old and new.Here, charming neoclassical architecture and art deco structures stand alongside modem buildings with shimmering glass and metal facades, rustic (质朴的)lane houses and shikumen buildings. Humble mom-and-pop shops that look stuck in time can often be found right next tohipdining venues or industrial-chic fashion stores selling designer apparel.One of the best places to get an overview of these surreal contrasts is none other than the tallest building in the city — the Shanghai Tower in Lujiazui. Measuring a dizzying 632 meters in height, this architectural marvel boasts having the world's highest observation deck within a building or structure. It also comes with the world's fastest elevators which would get you from the bottom to the top at 20.5 meters per second.On the other side of the Huangpu River is where you would find the Bund, which is home to magnificent neoclassical buildings. The Bund is to Shanghai what Times Square is to New York or what the Champs-61ysees is to Paris. A trip to Shanghai would not be complete without exploring this iconic waterfront promenade.Autumn is the best time to experience Shanghai on foot, not merely because the weather is conducive for walking, but because this is when the roads and sidewalks in many areas are blanketed with a layer of color1 ful fallen leaves.12. Why is the example of delivery man mentioned?A. To make a contrast with pensioners’ biological clock.B. To illustrate the vibrant energy of modern Shanghai.C. To highlight the diligence and consideration of delivery man.D. To feature the courier delivery service in full swing.13. Which of the following is TRUE about the contrast of Shanghai?A. The contrast mainly arises from the First Opium War.B. The design of the Shanghai Tower stands for a contrast.C. A marked contrast is shown in the use of building materials.D. The dishes served in mom-and-pop shops represent the outdated flavor.14. The underlined word “hip” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to________.A. photographicB. modestC. peculiarD. stylish15. Which of the following will be most probably discussed following the last paragraph?A. Stunning views of the Shanghai skyline.B. The best places to view the seasonal spectacle.C. The walking path thathugs the Huangpu River.D. Must-try dishes and food items typical of Shanghai.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届上海市爱国学校高三英语二模试题及答案解析
2020届上海市爱国学校高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ARed Tourism Sites inShanghaiThis year marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Many Chinese people are planning to visit red tourism attractions in the coming summer vacation. The following are some red tourism sites inShanghai.Former Site of the Editorial Department ofNew YouthRevolutionary magazineNew Youth,which created the New Culture Movement and spread the influence of the May Fourth Movement, was established by Chen Duxiu inShanghaiin 1915. The editorial office moved toBeijingin 1917 when Chen Duxiu was head of liberal arts atPekingUniversitybut moved back toShanghaithree years later.Address: No. 2,100 Nanchang Road, Huangpu districtFormer Residence of Chen WangdaoThis three-story building was the home of famous scholar and educator Chen Wangdao. In 1920, Chen completed the first Chinese translation ofThe Communist Manifesto(共产党宣言). He also served as President of Fudan University from 1952 to 1977.Address:51 Guofu Road, Yangpu districtHuangpu Wharf (码头)HuangpuWharfin Yangpu district was the place for about 650 Chinese students who headed toFrancefrom March 1919 to December 1920 to further their studies. They included Zhou Enlai, later the first premier of thePeopledRepublicofChina, and Deng Xiaoping, later the leader of the PRC.Address:32 Qinhuangdao Road, Yangpu districtThe Memorial of the Site of the First National Congress of the Communist Party ofChinaThe two-story building was completed in 1920 as the residence of CPC founding member Li Hanjun. On July 23, 1921, thirteen members held their first national congress of the Communist Party of China here, marking the birth of the Party.Address:76 Xingye Road, Huangpu district1. When did the editorial office ofNew Youthreturn toShanghai?A. In 1915.B. In 1919.C. In 1920D. In 1921.2. What do we know about Chen Wangdao according to the text?A. He established theNew Youthmagazine.B. He first translatedThe Communist Manifestointo Chinese.C. He went toFrancefor further study.D. He held the first national congress of the CPC.3. Which site was the birthplace of the Communist Party of China?A. Former Site of the Editorial Department, of New Youth.B. Former Residence of Chen Wangdao.C.HuangpuWharf.D. The Memorial of the Site of the First National Congress of the CPC.BIt’s a big change from homeless teen to Yale (耶鲁)medical school student, butperseverancepaid off for Chelesa Fearce of Clayton County, Georgia.Fearce was a fourth grader when her mom was diagnosed (诊断) with Lymphoma (淋巴瘤).That began a hard time for the family. They had to move in and out of shelters,hotels and even the family car.“I know I have been made stronger. I was homeless. My family slept on the floor and we were lucky if we got more than one full meal a day. Getting a shower, food and clean clothes was an everyday struggle,” Fearce said in a speech she gave at her high school graduation ceremony. Fearce overcame her day-to-day struggles by focusing on a better day. “I just told myself to keep working, because the future will not be like this anymore. And that helped me get through,” she told WSBTV.Fearce was determined to be a good role model for her younger sister. She found inspiration in her late grandmother, struggling with deadly diseases, who gave Fearce emotional support. In her junior and senior year, Fearce took both high school and college courses, missing out on the free meals she depended on so she could get to her college classes. Despite having to use her cellphone to study after the shelter lights were turned off at night, she not only graduated as valedictorian (毕业生代表) of her 2013 class with a 4.5 grade average, but was alsogiven a ride scholarship—including a meal plan to Spelman College in Atlanta.After graduation, she worked full time for two years at the National Institutes for Health inBethesda,Maryland,doing research on drugs. Last fall, she entered Yale and set a course to earn both a PhD and medical degree.4. What does the underlined word “perseverance” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. instant passion.B. continuous efforts.C. great patience.D. selfless ambitions.5. How did Fearce feel facing the sufferings?A. Sad and disappointed.B. Stressed and defeated.C. Determined and confident.D. Joyous and contented.6. What can we know about Fearce’s learning experience?A. Her grandma encouraged her to study medicine.B. Her high school offered her free meals and courses.C. She failed to study late due to frequent power cut.D. She gained remarkable high school achievement.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. From Homeless to YaleB. Meet American’s Top GirlC. Disabled but not DefeatedD. Chelesa Fearce: A Girl of Many TalentsCIn the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact（影响）on the environment. After all, you were jumping into your car, driving across town, coughing out emissions（产生排放）and using gas all the way. But now that we're used to staying at home and streaming movies, we might get a littleproud. After all, we're just picking up our phones and maybe turning on the TV. You're welcome. Mother Nature.Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shift Project. According to "Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video", digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Watching a half-hour show would cause 1. 6 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions. That's like driving 6. 28 kilometers. And in the European Union, the Eureca project found thatdata centers（where videos are stored）there used 25% more energy in 2017 compared to just three years earlier, reports the BBC.Streaming is only expected to increase as webecome more enamored ofour digital devices（设备）and the possibility of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it increases. Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022. By then, about 60% of the world's population will be online.You're probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there're things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use, experts say. For example, according to Lutz Stobbe, a researcher from the Fraunhofer Institute in Berlin, we have no need to upload 25 pictures of the same thing to the cloud because it consumes energy every time. If instead you delete a few things here and there, you can save energy. Moreover, it's also a good idea to stream over Wi-Fi, watch on the smallest screen you can, and turn off your Wi-Fi in your home if you're not using your devices.8. What topic is the first paragraph intended to lead in?A. The environmental effects of driving private cars.B. The improvements on environmental awareness.C. The change in the way people seek entertainment.D The environmental impacts of screaming services.9. What does the underlined phrase become more enamored of" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Get more skeptical of.B. Become more aware of.C. Feel much crazier about.D. Get more worried about.10. What can we infer about the use of streaming services?A. It is being reduced to protect the planet.B. Its environmental effects are worsening.C. It is easily available to almost everyone.D. Its side effects have drawn global attention.11. Which of the following is the most environmentally-friendly?A. Watching downloaded movies on a mobile phone.B. Downloading music on a personal computer.C. Uploading a lot of images of the same thing.D. Playing online games over mobile networks.DThe health benefits of staying active are already well-known. It can help you manage weight, keep blood sugar levels down and reduce risk factors for heart disease.Now, a new study suggests that regularly playing sports, especially badminton or tennis, is not only healthy but also reduces your risk of death, at any age, by approximately 50%. This is a big scale population study to explore the health benefits of sports in terms of death rate. The study evaluated responses from 80, 306 adults aged 30 and above inEnglandandScotland, who were surveyed about their health, lifestyle and exercise patterns.After adjusting factors such as age, sex, weight, smoking habits, alcohol use, education and other forms of exercise besidesthe named sports, the researchers compared the risk of death among people who took part in a sport to those who didn’t. The percentage of reduced risk of death was found to be: 47% for racket（球拍）sports, 28% for swimming and 15% for cycling.In addition to this, the study didn’t find any significant reduction in the risk for sports like running and football. The findings also exposed that over 44% of the participants met the guidelines for the recommended exercise levels to stay fit and healthy, which amounts to 150 minutes of moderate(适度的) physical activity in a week.Does this mean you stop running or playing football and switch to tennis instead? Every kind of sport and physical activity has different physical, social and mental benefits attached to it. The apparent lack of benefits of running and football could result from several variables that were not taken into account.Being active helps you feel happier and live longer. So, the most important step is to take part in any kind of sport that you are likely to enjoy and follow in the long term.12. How is the study conducted?A. By doing comparative experiments.B. By analyzing previous data.C. By evaluating survey information.D. By tracking participants for a long time.13. What does the underlined part “the named sports” refer to?A. Ball sports.B. Racket sports.C. Individual sports.D. Traditional sports.14. What can we infer from paragraph 5?A. Few people will play football.B. Tennis will become more popular.C. The result of this study is wrong.D. The study needs to be further improved.15. What does the author advise people to do?A. Stick to any sport that you like.B. Play badminton and tennis only.C. Stop running and playing football.D. Do any sport according to guidelines.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年上海高三英语二模汇编--写作优质范文汇编
2020--2021学年高三英语二模写作题目及范文汇编One【虹口区】Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76.假定你是明启中学的高中生李华。
某电视台线上学习节目打算增设两个栏目。
初步拟定从“Reading for Fun”、“Textbook Learning”、“Homework Guidance”、“Online Listening”以及”Questions and Answers”五个栏目中选取两个, 特此向所有在线学习者征求意见。
请你给电视台写封邮件, 推荐两个栏目。
邮件内容须包括:1.你推荐的两个栏目；2.你推荐这两个栏目的理由。
【试题解析】英语作文是高考英语试题的压轴, 也是大家关注的话题。
纵观近几年的高考英语作文, 不难发现大部分都是在考察学生的主观表达能力, 给与了学生较大的自由发挥空间。
此题目, 就电视台线上学习节目增设两个栏目提出建议并说明其理由。
首先, 从体裁上来看是学生十分熟悉的书信格式, 首先提出增设哪两个栏目建议, 同时需要在主体部分写出提出建议的理由, 属于综合性体裁；所提出的建议要讲的有理有据, 充分合理, 得到一定的认可。
【参考范文】Dear Tv ProducerHearing that your programmes wants to add two concepts and is asking for every online learners’advice, from my point of view, online listening and questions and answers will be good choices.For one thing, online listening is very suitable for the online studying programme.Not only can it improve listener’s listening skills, but also can help listeners maintain a long term practice.As we all know, everyone is busy in his or her daily life and long term study is hard for them to keep.If the online listening programme is added, out of question listeners can lay a solid foundation for their English listening.For another thing, question and answers concept can evolve a more lively and interesting study air.In this concept, learners can ask others about their problems and then can be solved.What’s more, this programme can motivate learners to communicate with others and broaden their horizons.In short, as a fan of your programme, I wholeheartedly hope that these two concepts can be added in the coming programme.Yours SincerelyZhang HuaTwo【黄浦区】Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.学校图书馆正在改造, 拟添置打印机、扫描仪和咖啡机这三项设备中的一项, 并打算购买一些装饰物品来美化环境, 目前学生会在广泛征求意见。
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04-2020年上海市高三英语二模专项训练之阅读理解A篇金山区(A)EU members’states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an“acceptable risk”to the environment.Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates(NPE)to imports to clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in e of NPE in textile manufature in Europe was banned over10years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol(NP),which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones,harming fertility,growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent.The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A2011study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested,including items sold by big-name brads such as Adidas,H&M,Lacoste,and Ralph Lauren.The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations)argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low,the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission,which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA(European Chemicals Agency),clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible（微不足道的）amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive.A2013study by the UK environment agency warnedthat emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective.It found29%of imported cotton underwear contained NPE,which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56.The2011study by Greenpeace found_________.A.29%of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB.NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC.NPE was widely present in textile productsD.clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57.What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part“is ubiquitous”is Paragraph7?A.is legally protectedB.is not easy to be foundC.seems to be every whereD.is uncommon58.What can we learn from the text?A.The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B.Recycled textile contain less NPE.C.The new ban on imports of textile has come into force.D.The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59.Which section of the website does the text come from?A.lifestyleB.technology.C.Business.D.Environment.56-59CCBD闵行区(A)Brooke Martin’s golden retriever(金毛猎犬)Kayla hated being left alone or separated. She would howl,pace,and chew on things.Brooke learned that other people had the same problem with their pets.She wondered:“What if you could talk to your dog if you were gone?”Working with her father in their garage,the16-year-old came up with several ideas. Finally,she invented a device that allowed pet owners to video chat with their pets!She calls the device iCPooch.“The dog doesn’t have to answer the call,”explains Brooke.“It comes upimmediately on the screen on their end.It’s a two-way audio and video—you can see and hear each other.”With a click of a button you can even send the dog a treat!Her invention has earned her a spot competing against nine other finalists in a young scientist competition for middle-school students.These finalists,selected based on their short video presentations,are working with mentors over the summer before heading to the final competition in St.Paul,Minn.After Martin’s video put her among the10finalists in the Discovery Education3M Young Scientist Challenge,she was paired with Delony Langer-Anderson,a product development scientist in3M’s consumer health care division.―I just lead her down the product development path,Langer-Anderson told Live Science.This path includes guidance on how to test the potential product,which combines a video chat device that answers immediately on the dog’s end with a dog treat device the owner can remotely activate.‘One thing I have thought about a lot is,what happens if while the device is on the floor, what if your dog knocks it over,or scratches the screen?’Martin said.She and Langer-Anderson discussed this,and Martin is now testing materials at a local dog shelter by taping them to the dog house floors to see how well they withstand sharp teeth and claws.The finalists create models they can test,with the guidance from a mentor.Their projects include a fuel cell that transforms cut grass into electricity and an app that rewards drivers for not texting or nger-Anderson tries to help the students work through the scientific method,testing their hypothesis,in a determined way,―so the kids don’t get buried in data. she said.56.Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?A.“iCPooch”wins in a young scientist competition.B.A16-year-old girl invents a device for dog hunger.C.A man-made device lets people chat with their pets.D.A kid-invented device calm dogs’separation anxiety.57.“iCPooch”calms pet dogs by________.A.allowing video chatB.making dogs sleepC.answering the callD.giving them food58.What is the probable meaning of the underlined word“mentor”?petitorsB.assistantsC.instructorspanions59.What do the inventions of the finalists have in common?A.They are all new inventions dealing with pets.B.They are possible solutions to everyday problems.C.They cope with the problems related to computers.D.They are all accomplished through individual work.56.D57.A58.C59.B长宁区(A)When an editor called to ask if I could photograph a story about fireflies in Mexico,I didn’t check my schedule before I said yes.I’d seen these insects light up the forests in Tlaxcala once before,and I jumped at the chance to go back.I had three nights to capture the magical scene in the forest.Camera stand in hand,I hiked with my colleagues into the foggy forest at dusk.According to our guides,visitors are usually not allowed to photograph the fireflies because the presence of artificial light from electronics can affect their habits.As I started shooting,I adjusted my exposures constantly to account for the fading light.In order to get the composition that I wanted,I placed my camera stand on a steep,rocky path and had to steady it during the long exposures.Normally this wouldn’t be a big deal,but thefireflies were very interested in the camera and,by extension, in me.I stood completely still while they crawled all over me—my arms,my hair,my face—and tickled(呵痒)my nose and cheeks.From what I observed,peakfirefly presence happens for only about20minutes each night,so I had time for just a few tries.On the last night everything came together.The weather cooperated.I had improved my method for focusing and composing in the dark with quickflashes from a powerful flashlight—and I’d grown accustomed to insects on my face.I was rewarded with the image you see here.Each spot of light is one of several bursts that afirefly makes as it travels in a 30-second exposure.You can trace the insects’paths:Some make small circles,like those inthe bottom center of the frame,while others move steadily in one direction or another.Thefirst time I visited thefireflies,I didn’t have the pressure of trying to capture and convey this astonishing scene.That will always be my favorite experience with these shining creatures.56.According to the passage,the author most probably is a(n)______.A.field biologistB.insect observerC.expert photographerD.mountain hiker57.The author placed the camera stand on a steep and rocky path to______.A.make up for the dying lightB.keep away from the annoying firefliesC.obtain an ideal imageD.catch peak firefly presence58.We can learn from the passage that the author______.A.was accused of capturing wild firefliesB.endured physically to get first-hand firefly shotsC.was tired of the exposure to dark forestsD.got his most satisfying image on the second night59.What does the author think of his experience in the forest?A.Fascinating.B.Passionate.C.Surprising.D.Miserable.56-59CCBA宝山区(A)In2008,someone,or perhaps a group of people,using the name Satoshi Nakamoto published a paper to an online group that discussed cryptography(密码使用法).That paper described a process that would use cryptography to create a secure electronic cash system, now known as a cryptocurrency(加密货币).Person to person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial institution.Each deal could happen very quickly.The shared network of computers would also serve as the meansto prove those deals safely.Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.Today,there are well over a thousand different cryptocurrencies.Most are still trying to be feasible global payment systems like Bitcoin.They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry.One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash in virtual"wallets"or exchange one kind of electronic cash for another.In recent years,clever thieves have broken into many of these websites and stolen electronic cash.The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of fake cryptocurrencies that are advertised on the internet.The advertisements invite internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies.Many visitors are persuaded by the websites to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual ter,the websites disappear along with the victims'money.In response to this problem,companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.56.What does the article explain about Satoshi Nakamoto?A.Satoshi's background in international banking and investmentB.Satoshi's grave doubts about the true value of cryptocurrenclesC.Satoshi's close partnership with suspicious financial institutionsD.Satoshi's contribution to the development of the digital economy57.According to this article,what is true about numerous cryptocurrency websites?A.They and their users have been robbed.B.They've revealed the identities of their users.C.They reward their users with cool prizes.D.They arrange recreational events for users.58.What does the article indicate about the cryptocurrency industry?A.It's had to lay off lots of workers.B.It's celebrating a profitable year.C.It's facing some serious challenges.D.It's set a very high moral standard.59.According to this article,why are Facebook and Google limiting cryptocurrency advertising?A.Few cryptocurrencies need to be marketed.B.They've created their own cryptocurrency.C.They don't listen to cryptocurrency fans.D.Too many cryptocurrencies aren't real.56－59DACD崇明区(A)A growing number of American states are requiring schools to teach students“media literacy”skills.California is the latest state to pass such a requirement.Media literacy,also known as news literacy,is the ability to use critical thinking skills to recognize differences between real and“fake”news.The new law requires California’s Department of Education to provide materials related to media literacy on its website.Its goal is to give students a set of effective tools to“enable them to make informed decisions”.The media literacy efforts were based on a Stanford University study from2016.It found that80percent of U.S.middle school students failed to recognize an advertisement that looked like a real news story.The researchers also found that high school students had trouble telling the difference between a real and a fake news website.The study called for more efforts to help students recognize false information on the internet.It said that young people also need the skills to find out where news stories come from,and to be able to judge the trustworthiness of sources and writers.Carolyn Edy is a professor of communication at Appalachian State University in North Carolina.She said she has seen a clear change in her students’abilities to judge news sources. Edy said that when students used to read printed newspapers,it was easier for them torecognize fact from opinion.Now,it’s necessary to teach students how to fully examine websites.One of Edy’s goals is to teach students how to research the news organizations responsible for the stories they are reading.One way to do this is for students to ask a series of questions.One example is,“What is the overall mission of the organization?”Edy said young people also need to judge whether news organizations identify any possible conflicts of interest.Another question to ask is,“What do they do when they get a story wrong?”Responsible and trustworthy news organizations issue corrections if something is falsely reported,she said.Edy added that one good thing to come out of the rise of misinformation and fake news is that it has made many people seek out good reporting.56.The new law passed in California mainly aims at__________.A.helping students identify fake newsB.improving students’critical thinking skillsC.offering students real informationD.enabling students to make quick decisions57.Why does the author mention the Stanford University study?A.To present the details of the law.B.To provide a set of tools for the law.C.To show the reason behind the law.D.To indicate the efforts based on the law.58.Which is a way suggested by Carolyn Edy for students to judge the trustworthiness of a news organization?A.Identifying the conflicts of interest in it.B.Correcting its falsely reported news stories.C.Learning about its background information.D.Asking a series of questions about its news.59.The passage mainly tells us that media literacy____________.A.can contribute to the rise of good news reportingB.is becoming much more important with the law passedC.can improve American students’understanding of newsD.is increasingly recognized as essential for students in the US56.A57.C58.C59.D奉贤区(A)One spring day,once the flowers have begun to open,a bee will hover(盘旋)and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table.While you're thinking about avoiding an attack,that bee is focused on something else entirely:me.A honeybee has about six weeks to live.Today,like most days,her task is to fly as many as three miles from home,stick her long,straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers. When the bee has had her fill,she’ll fly home.There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers,who will relay it to another,and so on for about20 minutes,until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb.Then she and her50,000or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night,flapping their wings to create hot,breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture.Several sunrises later,they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax.In her lifetime,our bee may visit4,000flowers,and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me.The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year,in tea,on toast,and beyond.If I do say so myself,I am a timeless treasure.Literally--I never go bad.Unfortunately,my good health is not guaranteed.The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals,as well as changes in weather patterns,all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit.I'd appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild.My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers,thus helping the bees,who give so much--to you,to me--without ever asking for anything in return.56.What does“me”refer to in the passage?A.The flower.B.The bee.C.Water.D.Honey.57.What is the2nd paragraph mainly about?A.Bees'special talent.B.Bees'hard work.C.Bees'living environment.D.Bees'social behavior.58.Which one of the following is true according to the passage?A.A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers.B.Before“me”is sealed off in beeswax,the drying process can take a few nights.C.The lifework of a bee satisfies the average demand of an American consumer annually.D.Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest-controlled gardens.59.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To appeal for help for honeybees.B.To talk about the history of a treasure.C.To put forward techniques for gardeners.D.To argue against the control of chemicals.56-59DBBA虹口区(A)We’ve all heard the stories of an actor’s struggles before a career breakthrough:living a hard life,working part time,being a couch potato before getting that major role.Shelby,the star of“A Dog’s Way Home,”has a hard-luck tale that could top them all.Before her big break,she was living in a landfill,rooting through garbage for her next meal.Shelby’s big break came in April2017,when animal-control officer Megan Buhler was driving in Cheatham County.Tennessee.Out on an unrelated call,Buhler spotted and approached what she recalled was a noticeably scared puppy emerging from the dump.“I knelt down and just said,‘Oh,come here,baby,’”said Buhler.“She was so scared,but she came right up to me,and I was able to put her in my truck.”The pair headed to the county animal shelter,where the staff began calling the new resident Baby Girl.Buhler and others didn’t know that3,200kilometers away,Hollywood was looking for a dog to play Bella in a film written by Cathryn Michon.The find-a-Bella job went to freelance trainer Teresa Ann Miler.Her mission was to search shelters nationwide for a dog that couldplay Bella.One day,Miller spotted Baby Girl’s adoption photo.“Honestly,it was a really good picture,and she was flat-out smiling,”Miller said.Then she met Baby Girl,and assessed her on personality and the ability to respond to simple commands.After assessment, she adopted Baby Girl from the shelter,renamed her Shelby and took her to California for ler and Shelby trained for just over three months before filming began.Then they were together each day on the set.Most of the film’s reviews have praised Shelby’s performance.Variety made the comments“an amazing dog,perfect performance!”Shelby has come a long way from the dump.But Buhler said she saw Shelby recently had needed only a second to compare the movie star with the dog she found from piles of trash.“She’s exactly the same,”Buhler said.56.Why does the author mention an actor’s struggle before a career breakthrough at the very beginning?A.To make a sharp contrast between an actor’s struggle and a dog’s struggle.B.To introduce a dog’s similar but even more striking experiences.C.To attract reader’s attention by giving dramatic examples.D.To clearly point out the main idea of the passage.57.What finally helped Baby Girl get the big role in the film?A.Her adoption picture.B.Her flat-out smiling.C.her personality and ability.D.Her miserable experiences.58.By saying“She is exactly the same”in the last paragraph,Buhler probably means __________.A.the dog returned to the piles of trash where she found itB.it took quite a lot of trouble for the dog to change her own fate.C.she’s really excited to see the dog she helped live such a happy lifeD.the dramatic change of the dog’s life hasn’t changed her inner quality59.What do you think may serve as the best title of the passage?A.The Success of“A Dog’s Way Home”.B.From a Landfill Puppy to a Movie Star.C.The Trainer and Her Star Dog.D.Shelby’s Hard-luck Story.56-59BCDB黄浦区(A)Katherine Jonson,winner of the presidential medial of freedom,refused to be limited by society5expectations of her gender and race while expanding the borders of humanity’s reach--President Barack Obama,2015Using little more than a pencil,a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country,Mrs.Johnson,who died at101,calculated the precise path that would let Apollo11 land on the moon in1969and,after Neil Armstrong's history-making moonwalk,let it return to Earth Wet throughout Mrs.Johnson's33years in NASAN&Flight Research Division and for decades afterward,almost no one knew her name.She was just one of those unheralded women who,well before the modem feminist(女权）movement,worked as NASA mathematicians.But it was not only her gender that kept her long marginalized and long unsung Katherine Johnson,a West Virginia native,was also African-American.But over time,the work of Mrs.Johnson and her colleagues--countless calculations done mainly by hand,using slide rules,chart paper and inefficient desktop calculating machines--won them a level of acceptance that for the most competitive race.“NASA was a very professional organization,"Mrs.Johnson told The Observer of Fayetteville,N.C.,in2010."They didn't have time to be concerned about what color I was."Nor,she said,did she.“I don't have a feeling of inferiority,"Mrs.Johnson said on at least one occasion.“Never had.I m as good as anybody,but no better."To the end of her life,Mrs.Johnson refused praise for her role in sending astronauts into space,keeping them on course and bringing them safely home."I was just doing my job,"Mrs.Johnson repeatedly said so.But what a job it was--done,no less,by a woman born at a time when the odds were more likely that she would die before age35than even finish high school.56.The underlined word“unheralded”most probably means______.A.not adequately paidB.not previously mentionedC.not officially rewarded.D.not fast promoted57.It was___________put together that made Mrs.Johnson a miracle.A.her skin color,her gender and the facilitiesB.her gender,her intelligence and the facilitiesC.her skin color,her gender and her intelligenceD.her intelligence,her skin color and the facilities58.From Mrs.Johnson's comments on NASA and her own job.we can conclude that ____________.A.she was confident and modestB.NASA shows no interest in staff's racesC.She was superior to most women in her ageD.NASA is professionally organized and supportive59.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Woman Made CalculationsB.NASA Marginalized MathematiciansC.Gender Divided OrganizationsD.Mathematician Broke Barriers56-59:BCAD浦东新区(A)To Be a Deaf DJI was born in England with perfect hearing.In1990,when I was five,my family moved to the United States.I started getting ear infections every three months or so.We didn’t havehealth insurance at the time,and when I got a third infection,my parents couldn’t afford the treatment.I went deaf in my right ear and was left with50percent hearing in my left.Over time,my remaining hearing dropped to20percent,where it is today.My doctors predicted that I would be thoroughly deaf by now,so I think I’m doing pretty well.There was always music on in my house in my childhood.I loved listening to Metallica, Led Zeppelin,Michael Jackson.My dad was a DJ,so he played disco,folk,rock,and music from other countries.For my18th birthday,my dad asked me to deejay at the restaurant be owned.After doing that for a few weeks,I was hooded.I desired to learn more.I e-mailed DJ Shiftee,a distinguished New York City DJ,when I was25:“I know you like a challenge.How about teaching a deaf person to deejay?”He wrote back the next day;“Challenge accepted.”He tutored me twice a week for two years,helping me develop correct technique.I practiced four hours a day.Now when I’m performing,muscle memory takes over.When I started,I wouldn’t tell the club managers that I was deaf.I would just show up,introduce myself,and start playing music.At the end of the night,someone would say,“Oh,here’s the check.”And I’d say,“What?Oh,I can’t hear.”They were always so astonished.Sometimes I would bring doctor’s notes because they wouldn’t believe me.It was reassurance that they were giving me opportunities to perform because I was brilliant,no out of sympathy.Eventually people started calling me“that deaf DJ,”and the name stuck.What fascinates me about deejaying is the creativity.I use software that turns the music into lines of color on a computer screen.I’m visually hearing the music.The next time you go dancing,cover your ears,and you’ll start seeing that you’re able to hear the music in a different way.Music is not all about hearing.I pay all sorts of get-togethers now,from college parties to corporate events.I also go to elementary schools for the deaf and talk to the students about motivation and believing in themselves.I’m big on talking to the parents.I tell them,“My advice to you is let your kids chase their dreams.I’m a deaf DJ,so why not?”56.Which of the following might result in the author’s hearing loss?A.Monthly ear infection.B.Moving to the U.S.C.Family financial hardshipD.The doctors’prediction.57.How did DJ Shiftee help the author during his youth?A.He taught him correct skills.B.He discovered his talent for DJ.C.He played at the restaurant for him.D.He cultivated his taste for foreign music.58.The underlined expression in Paragraph3“the name stuck”probably means that _________.A.the author was in low spiritsB.the author impressed people deeplyC.the audience felt disappointed by the playerD.the audience looked down upon the player59.We can conclude from the passage that the author loves deejaying because_________.A.working as a DJ involves innovationB.music helps him to see the world virtuallyC.he motivates the kids to realize their dreamD.he desires to challenge something impossible56-59CABA松江区(A)Have you ever heard of Nollywood?Nollywood is the name of the Nigerian(尼日利亚的) film industry:Nigeria is one of the largest film industries in the world based on the quantity of films produced.placing them right below India's Bollywood and above USA's Hollwood!Born in around1992.Nollywood is the youngest compared with the other two“woods”, and uses new forms of financing and production,Now it's in adulthood.and bigger productions have become more regular.However.this was not always the case.Although movie theaters were rare in Nigeria during earlier period.original stories were not.Despite lack of funds and experience.self-made directors began to use commercial video cameras toshoot their movies and sold them for home viewing.Even though this resulted in movies with low production value,the original stories instantly made them a hit.Today,the film industry is the largest employer after agriculture and makes up5%of Nigeria's GDP.Nigeria is a big player in the industry and it is constantly improving its craft,taking on new challenges.Nollywood is known mainly for its comedies and dramas.but we are increasingly seeing horror movies and musicals.Although sometimes heavily criticized for low production values.Nollywood continues to grow fans worldwide.Nigerian movies now make up11%of Nigeria's non-oil exports!The average movie is produced in7-10days on a budget between￡7,000-12,000(Hollywood's average is around￡60million per movie with one year production time).This is changing. however,as more filmmakers are receiving proper training and are aiming to make films up to the international standard.56.What is the advantage of Nollywood?mercial support.B.Original stories.C.Dominant comedies.D.Fast production.57.Which of the following statements about“woods”is NOT true according to the passage?A.Bollywood produces more films than the other two“woods”.B.Nollywood is known as the youngest among the three“woods”.C.Hollywood's budget for an average movie is much less than Nollywood's.D.It takes much less time to produce a Nollywood film than a Hollywood one.58.We can infer from the passage that_________.A.Nollywood's contribution to Nigera's GDP is second only to agriculture。