高分子专业英语课文翻译

高分子专业英语课文翻译

高分子专业英语选讲课文翻译资料

A 高分子化学和高分子物理

UNIT 1 What are Polymer?

第一单元什么是高聚物,

What are polymers? For one thing, they are complex and giant molecules and

什么是高聚物, 首先，他们是合成物和大分子，而且不同于低分子化合物，譬are different from low molecular weight compounds like, say, common salt. To 如说普通的盐。

contrast the difference, the molecular weight of common salt is only 58.5, while 与低分子化合物不同的是，普通盐的分子量仅仅是58.5，

that of a polymer can be as high as several hundred thousand, even more than thousand 而高聚物的分子量高于105，甚至大于106。

thousands. These big molecules or ‘macro-molecules’ are made up of much smaller

这些大分子或“高分子”由许多小分子组成, 小分子相互结合形成大分子，molecules, can be of one or more chemical compounds. To illustrate, imagine that 大分子能够是一种或多种化合物。举例说明，

a set of rings has the same size and is made of the same material. When these things 想象一组大小相同并由相同的材料制成的环。当这些环相互连接are

interlinked, the chain formed can be considered as representing a polymer from 起来，可以把形成的链看成是具有同种分子量化合物组成的高聚物。

molecules of the same compound. Alternatively, individual rings could be of

另一方面，独特的环可以大小不同、材料不同，

different sizes and materials, and interlinked to represent a polymer from 相连接后形成具有不同分子量化合物组成的聚合物。

molecules of different compounds.

This interlinking of many units has given the polymer its name, poly meaning

许多单元相连接给予了聚合物一个名称，poly意味着“多、聚、重复”，

‘many’ and mer meaning ‘part’ (in Greek). As an example, a gaseous compound

mer意味着“链节、基体”(希腊语中)。例如:称为丁二烯的气态化合物，called butadiene, with a molecular weight of 54, combines nearly 4000 times and 分子量为54，化合将近4000次，

gives a polymer known as polybutadiene (a synthetic rubber) with about 200 得到分子量大约为200000被称作聚丁二烯(合成橡胶)的高聚物。

高分子专业英语选讲课文翻译资料

000molecular weight. The low molecular weight compounds from which the polymers

形成高聚物的低分子化合物称为单体。

form are known as monomers. The picture is simply as follows:

下面简单地描述一下形成过程:

butadiene + butadiene + + butadiene--?polybutadiene

(4 000 time)

丁二烯，丁二烯，…，丁二烯——?聚丁二烯

4000次) (

One can thus see how a substance (monomer) with as small a molecule weight

因而能够看到分子量仅为54的小分子物质(单体)

as 54 grow to becom e a giant molecule (polymer) of (54×4 000?)200 000 molecular

如何逐渐形成分子量为200000的大分子(高聚物)。

weight. It is essentially the ‘giantness’ of the size of the polymer molecule

实质上，正是由于聚合物的巨大的分子尺寸才使其性能不同于象苯这样的一般化that makes

its behavior different from that of a commonly known chemical compound 合物。

such as benzene. Solid benzene, for instance, melts to become liquid benzene at

例如，固态苯，在5.5?熔融成液态苯，进一步加热，煮沸成气态苯。

5.5? and , on further heating, boils into gaseous benzene. As against this

与这类简单化合物