最新英语语用学教程教案

英语语用学教程

English Pragmatics: A Coursebook

1. Background and definitions

Warming up activity

What does the boy still need to learn about using language?

A little boy comes in the front door.

Mother: Wipe your feet, please.

He removes his muddy shoes and socks and carefully wipes his clean feeton the doormat.

1.1Background of pragmatics

1.1Definitions of pragmatics

Pragmatics is the study of how the speaker produces and how the hearerunderstands the peculiar uses of language.

1.2Component vs. perspective分相论与综观论

1.2.1Component view of pragmatics

Davis points out in his book Pragmatics: A Reader(1991) that

pragmatics,likephonetics,phonology,morphology,syntaxandsemantics,isacomponent of linguistics.

1.2.2Perspective view of pragmatics

Verschueren(1999) proposes that pragmatics is not a component oflinguistics, but a new way of looking at language.

Pragmaticsisspecifiedas“ageneralcognitive,social,andculturalperspective on linguistic phenomena in relation to their usage in forms

ofbehavior”(Verschueren,1999)

语用学是语言各个方面的功能总览,即研究人类生活中语言的认知、社会和文化的功能。

1.3Uses of pragmatics

(1)It is cold here.

(2)Wife: What is in the newspaper?

Husband:(puttingdownthenewspaperandswitchingontheTV )Nothing.

(3)Light, please!

Youcansee,twoormorutterancesmighthavethesameunderlyingsentence as their script, but they can have quite different interpretations incontext.

B.it is cold in here.

SP:The temperature in this place is frigid.

PP: james, shut the window.

There is nothing worth reading in the newspaper.

1.4Aims of pragmatics

1.5scope of Pragmatics

1.5.1Deixis and references

1.5.2presupposition

1.5.3Conversational implicature

1.5.4Relevance theory

1.5.5Speech act theory

1.6.6Conversation analysis

Sentence & utterance

A.Mike and Annie are in the living room. Mike asks Annie whether shewould like to eat dinner I the living room or the kitchen. Annie replies:it is cold in here.

B. The Queen and James are in the drawing room. The window is open.The Queen says: it is cold in here.

B.Here are sample analyses.

A.It is cold in here

SP: The temperature in this place is frigid.

PP: Let’s eat in the kitchen.

B. It is cold in here

SP: The temperature in this place is frigid.

PP: James, shut the window.