高一英语初高中衔接专题9 状语从句的考点集汇 讲解和训练
完整版)高中英语状语从句讲解及练习
完整版)高中英语状语从句讲解及练习状语从句是指在句中作状语的从句,可以分为时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。
时间状语从句的连词有when、as、while、until、not…until、before、after、since、the minute、the moment、each、every、next、the first time等。
时间状语从句一般使用一般现在时或一般过去时。
当使用when、as、while这三个连词引导时间状语从句时,它们都表示“当…的时候”,但侧重点有所不同。
例如,当使用when引导时间状语从句时,从句的主语与主句主语相同,如果谓语动词是be动词,则从句主语和be可以省略。
而as则不仅表示“当…的时候”,还可以表示“一面…一面”或“随着”。
而while则强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,从句一般用进行时,从句动词必须是延续性动词。
当使用until、not…until时,它们表示“直到…才”。
在肯定句中,主句常用延续性动词;在否定句中,主句常用短暂性动词。
需要注意的是,当not until…位于句首时,主句需要倒装。
例如,“Not until you had explained how did I manage to do it.”It was dark when he finally returned。
XXX the machine type upon seeing it。
As soon as I arrived home。
it began to rain。
Hardly had I arrived home when it began to rain。
XXX: real XXX: if。
even if/though。
unless/if。
not。
as long as/so long as。
as far as/so far as。
provided/providing(that)。
高中英语状语从句讲解与练习
高中英语状语从句讲解与练习高中英语状语从句一、时间状语从句1、when的用法(1)when既可引导一个持续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作,可用于表示主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作,有时还可表示从句动作后于主句,意为“当……时候”。
(2)when在beabouttodo……when……,bedoing……when……,haddone……when……,beonone’sway……when……,beonthepointofdoing…when……等结构中作“那时突然”讲。
(3)when“既然、鉴于;尽管,虽然(位于主句之后);如果”2、while的用法(1)则表示“当……时候”,鼓励的动作必须就是延续性的。
(2)用做同列连词,则表示相对关系“然而”。
(3)引导让步状语从句,相当于although,意为“虽然”,位于主句前。
(4)引导条件状语从句,相当于as/solongas,意为“只要”。
3、as的用法(1)则表示“当……时候”,特别强调同时出现,不所指先后。
(2)说明两种正在发展或变化的情况,表示“随着”,表示时间的推移。
(3)表示“一边……一边……”(4)强调两个动作紧接着发生。
(5)表示“虽然,尽管”(6)其他含义“正像,正如”,“做为”,“由于,因为”。
4、before的用法(1)一般意为“在……之前”“……才”,“……就”“还没有……”“免得”“不知不觉”“宁可,宁愿”,“否则,要不然”。
(2)itwillbe/was时间段before通常现在时/通常过去时。
在肯定句中,意为“多长时间之后才”;在否定句中,意为“用没法多长时间就”。
5、until和till(1)与肯定句连用,必须是延续性动词。
(2)与否定句属格,必须不为延续性动词,则表示“直至……才,在……之前不……”。
特别注意:notuntil可以用作特别强调句和倒装句强调句:itis/wasnotuntil…that…倒装句:notuntil放句首时,主句要部分倒装。
高中英语状语从句知识点总结
⾼中英语状语从句知识点总结语从句内容⽐较庞杂,同学们需要将其归类学习,形成体系。
今天,⼩编为⼤家整理了⾼中英语状语从句知识点总结,希望可以帮助⼤家⾼考英语听⼒答案规律及应考技巧⾼考英语完形填空蒙题技巧⾼考英语语法填空固定规律及做题技巧⾼考英语完形填空解题技巧汇总什么是状语从句状语从句(Adverbial Clause)状语从句指句⼦⽤作状语时,起副词作⽤的句⼦。
它可以修饰谓语、⾮谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句⼦。
根据其作⽤可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、⽬的、结果、让步、⽅式和⽐较等从句。
状语从句⼀般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。
从句位于句⾸或句中时通常⽤逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不⽤逗号隔开。
状语从句考点分析:1. 状语从句虽然有完整的主谓结构,却是不能独⽴的从句。
2. 状语从句它由从属连词引导成为整个句⼦⼀个不可缺少的部分。
3. 考查的热点有条件、时间、地点、让步等状语从句的连接词词义辨析.4. 动词的时态呼应、状语从句的省略等。
5. 题⼲结构呈交叉和综合特征,选项设计多从定语从句和名词性从句的⾓度进⾏思维⼲扰。
状语从句时态特点⼀般情况下,时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词⼀般⽤“⼀般现在时”表⽰“⼀般将来时”,⽤“现在完成时”表⽰“将来完成时”。
例如:I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我到北京就将给你打电话。
(这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句,从句中的谓语动词arrive是⼀般现在时,表⽰⼀般将来时,绝不可⽤will arrive)As soon as I have finished this work, I will have gone home. 我⼀完成此⼯作,就回家。
(从句中的谓语动词⽤现在完成时have finished,表⽰将来完成时,绝不可⽤will have finished)If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回来了,请通知我。
高中英语状语从句专项讲解及练习(有答案)
高中英语状语从句专项讲解及练习(有答案)状语从句1、地点状语从句地点状语从句表示地点、方位,这类从句通常由where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere引导。
Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者,事竟成。
They will go where they are happy.他们想到他们觉得快乐的地方去。
We must camp where we can get water. 我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。
地点状语从句与定语从句的区别:在于分句在句中作什么成分。
作状语,则是状语从句;作定语修饰名词,则是定语从句。
where引导定语从句时,从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词;而状语从句前则无需先行词。
如:Go back where you came from.(where引导地点状语从句)Go back to the village where you came from.(where引导定语从句,修饰village)We went home, where we had dinner. (where引导定语从句,修饰home)2、原因状语从句原因状语从句一般由because(因为),since(既然),now that(既然,因为),as(由于)等连词引导。
(1)because表示直接的原因,表示原因的语气最强,常表示必然的因果关系。
回答why引起的特殊疑问句,只能用because。
Jane wore a raincoat because it was raining.因为天下雨,所以詹穿着雨衣。
He is absent today because he is ill.他今天缺课,因为他病了。
(2)since表示对方已经知晓、无须加以说明的原因或事实,语气比because稍弱。
I'll do it for you since you are busy.既然你忙,我来替你做吧。
专题09 连词和状语从句 知识总结-高中英语辅导讲义
专题九连词和状语从句连词定义、功能及分类连词是一种虚词,它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。
连词可分为并列连词和从属连词。
并列连词连接两个单词、词组、分句或句子;从属连词引导用以引导名词性从句(见专题08)或状语从句。
状语从句定义、功能及分类定义:在复合句中作状语的从句。
功能:在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词,或整个主句。
分类:按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。
从句的位置放在句首,也可放在句末。
放在句首时,从句后面常用一个逗号;放在句末时,从句前一般不用逗号。
一、时间状语从句常用引导词:when、as、while、as soon as、before、after、since、till、until特殊引导词:the minute、the moment、the second、every time、the day、immediately、directly、no sooner…than(一……就……)、hardly…when(刚一……就……)、scarcely…when(几乎没有…的时候)注意:如果主句是一般将来时,从句只能用一般现在时表示将来意义。
但when引导名词性从句时,从句中要使用将来时。
1. when①when既可引导一个持续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作,可用于表示主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作,有时还可表示从句动作后于主句,意为“当...时候”。
It was six o’clock when I got home.②when在“be about to do...when...”、“be doing...when...”、“had done...when...”、“be on one’s way...when...”、“be on the point of doing...when...”等结构中,作“那时突然”讲。
高中英语状语从句讲解及练习精编版
高中英语状语从句讲解及练习公司内部编号:(GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-状语从句状语从句在句中作状语,可分为:时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。
一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有:when, as, while, until, not…until, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first) time等。
时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。
1.When , while, as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。
1)WhenEg: When I arrived home , I had a little rest.注意点:when 从句的主语与主句主语相同,谓语动词是be 动词时,从句主语和be可以省略。
Eg: When (she was) walking along the street, she met her class teacher.2)AsAs 除了表示“当```的时候”,还可表示为“一面```一面”,“随着”Eg: He sang as he danced.(一面```一面)You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着)3)While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,从句一般用进行时,从句动词必须是延续性动词。
Eg: While we were working, they were having a rest.While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused.注意点:while 有对比的含义,解释为“然而”。
eg: I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee.2.until, not…until表示“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词;在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。
初高中英语衔接课程讲义:状语从句
初高中英语衔接课程讲义:状语从句专题九:状语从句的考点集汇,讲解和训练定义:用来充当状语的句子称为状语从句。
功能:它主要用于修饰句子中的谓语动词、形容词或副词等,有时修饰整个句子。
位置:状语从句的位置较活:可以放在主句之前,用逗号与主句隔开;也可以放在主句之后,一般不用逗号。
由于它是从各个方面来修饰、说明谓语动词发生时的各种情况,所以常见的状语从句有九种之多。
各种不同的状语从句所使用的关系词也各不相同。
一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词有很多,现将分类用法如下:1.从属连词when,while 与as连词用法谓语动词意义例句whe n从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生。
可以指时间的某个点,也指一段时间。
延续性动词非延续性动词当……时候When they heard thenews,they all jumpedwith joy.I owed Jack $ 100when I was in London.as 从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。
可以指时间的某个点,也指一段时间。
延续性动词非延续性动词随着……一边……;一边……当……时候The students sang asthey walked.As he stood up,hedropped the glass,breaking it into pieces.whil e从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生,强调一段时间。
从句中常用过去进行时态或一般过去时态。
延续性动词当……时候在……期间While I was reading,he came in.I made some foreignfriends while I was inLondon.注:1)when还可作并列连词,其意义为“那时,这时”,相当于and at this/that time。
常用于下列句式:sb.was doing sth.when...某人正在干某事就在这时……sb.was about to/ going to do sth.when...某人正打算干某事就在这时……sb.body has just done somesth.when...某人刚干了某事就在这时……2)when还表示原因“既然”。
高一英语初高中衔接专题九 状语从句的考点集汇 讲解和训练
专题九:状语从句的考点集汇,讲解和训练【名师点睛】用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。
根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。
1 时间状语从句1时间状语从句常用when, a, whie, before, after, ince, ti, unti, a oon a等连词来引导。
例如:It wa raining hard when got to choo eterdaWhie he wa doing hi homewor, the teee bacHe won’t beieve it unti he ee it with hi own ee3在带有ti或unti引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。
如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
例如:The oung man read ti the ight went outLet’ wait unti the rain toeDon’t get off unti the bu toe to choo becaue he wa iA it i raining, we ha not go the ooSince ou can’t anwer the quetion, I’ a omeone ee2becaue表示直接原因,语气最强。
Becaue引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。
回答由wh提出的问题,只能用becaue。
A和ince语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。
由a和ince引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。
例如:------Wh aren’t going there------Becaue I don’t want toA he ha no car, he can’t get there eaiSince we have no mone, we can’t bu it3becaue和o不能同用在一个句子里。
(完整)高中英语状语从句知识点及练习,推荐文档
高中英语---状语从句一、概念:状语通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。
状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。
一般可分为九大类,状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词。
二、分类及使用1. 时间状语从句(1) when ①.when引导的时间状语从句,其动词既可以是延续性动作的动词,也可以是瞬间性动作的动词,可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前。
when you apply for a job, you must present your credentials.② when还可表示just then(正在那时)的意思,此时所引导的从句放在主句之后。
we were about to start when it began to rain.(2) as引导的时间状语从句 as侧重表示主句和从句的动作并相发生,翻译成一边,一边。
We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair.(3) while “在…期间”,所引导的从句的动作是延续性的,并表示和主句的动作同时发生。
(4) before引导① before“在…之前” I’ll be back before you have left.② before“…之后才” It may be many years before we meet again.(5) as soon as/once/directly/the instant等引导as soon as 是最常见的表示“一…就”的从属连词,其他连词还有immediately,instantly,the instant (that),the minute(that) ,the moment(that)等,它们通常都可与as soon as换用。
As soon as we got home, the telephone rang.I recognized her immediately I saw her.(6) hardly...when/no sooner...than引导关联从属连词hardly/barely/scarcely...when和no sooner...than的意思是“刚…就”,它们所引导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时。
高中英语知识点归纳状语从句
高中英语知识点归纳状语从句高中英语知识点归纳:状语从句英语中,状语从句是一种从属从句,用于修饰主句,表达时间、地点、原因、条件、目的等状况或情况。
在高中英语学习中,状语从句是重要的知识点之一。
本文将对状语从句的定义、分类和用法进行归纳总结。
一、定义状语从句是一种从属从句,它在句子中充当状语的角色。
状语从句通常由连词引导,用于修饰、说明主句的动作、状态或情况。
常见的引导连词有when, while, before, after, since, until, as, because, if, unless, so that等。
二、分类状语从句根据其修饰的内容可以分为以下几种类型:1. 时间状语从句:用来表示主句中的动作或状态发生的时间点或时间段。
例如:He always goes to bed early when he has to get up early the next day.2. 地点状语从句:用来表示主句中的动作或状态发生的地点。
例如:She sat in the park where she could enjoy the sunshine.3. 原因状语从句:用来表示主句中的动作或状态的原因。
例如:He couldn't come to the party because he was not feeling well.4. 条件状语从句:用来表示主句中的动作或状态发生的条件。
例如:You can go out to play if you finish your homework.5. 目的状语从句:用来表示主句中的动作或状态的目的或意图。
例如:I study hard so that I can get good grades.三、用法状语从句的用法要根据上下文和具体情况来决定。
以下是一些常用的用法:1. 时间状语从句:- 当主句为一般过去时,从句中使用一般过去时态。
- 当主句为一般现在时,从句中使用一般现在时态。
高中英语语法_九大状语从句讲解大全(附练习和答案)
【高中语法·状语从句专辑】状语从句和名词性从句、定语从句一样是高考的高频考点。
通过对近年高考题的分析,可以预测2012年对状语从句的考查仍将集中在对引导几大状语从句的连词的考查上。
状语从句是一种作状语用的从句,修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词或修饰全句,补充说明时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、程度、状态等。
状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。
九种状语从句及常见的引导词1、【时间状语从句】:when, while, as, before, after, since(自从…以来), till (until), as soon as(刚一…马上就…), once(一旦), whenever等。
特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant=instantly , immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when (1) while 引导的时间从句的谓语必须是延续性动词,常用进行时态。
如果while表示“然而”的时候,就不是时间状语从句;表示“虽然”的时候,是让步状语从句,这是必须放句首且不能倒装。
(2) when 除了表示“当……时”(两个短暂性动作同时发生),还可以表示“就在那时”,在前一个动作刚结束时就发生的新动作。
如I just locked my door when the postman arrived.(3) as 和when一样,表示两个短暂性动作同时发生,还可表示“一边……一边……”“随着…”(4) 党表示“一……就……”的连接词时,可以用到no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when,但是当hardly, scarcely, no sooner放于句首时,主句必须部分倒装;主句时态用过去完成时,从句用一般过去式。
状语从句讲义-新高一上学期初升高英语衔接
初高中英语语法衔接材料第十二讲:状语从句Adverbial Clause定义:在句中起到副词的功能,修饰主句或主句中动词、形容词、副词的从句,叫做副词性从句。
按其在句⼦充当的成分划分,⼦称为状语从句。
状语从句的分类状语从句根据表达的意思,可分为9类:时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、⼦的状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句、⼦式状语从句和⼦较状语从句。
三个从属连词:放在从句前面特点语序:用陈述句语序位置:可位于主句前或后;位于主句前时,一般用逗号与主句隔开1.时间状语从句:when, as, while, after, before, since, once, until, till, as soon as,every time/each time, the moment, the minute, immediately, directly,instantly 等2.地点状语从句:where, wherever等状语 3.原因状语从句:because, since, as, now(that)等从句 4.让步状语从句: although, though, even if, even though, as(用于倒装句),whether...or, no matter what/ who/ how/ when (=whatever/ whoever/ 九种however/ whenever), while(一般置于句首)类型 5.条件状语从句: if, unless, so/as long as, on condition that, suppose/ supposing(that), providing/provided that 等6.结果状语从句: so that, so...that..., such...that.. 等7.目的状语从句:so that, in order that, for fear that, in case 等8.比较状语从句:as...as, not so/as...as, than 等9.方式状语从句:as, as if, as though1. 时间状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Time)常见从属连词: when, while, as当……时候,在……期间,随着……,whenever 无论何时,as soon as⼦……就……,until, till,直到……为⼦,not….until直到……才,before在……之前,after在……之后,since⼦从……以后,by the time到……的时候特殊从属连词(组):immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, the second ⼦刻,⼦……就......hardly...when..., no sooner...than...,scarcely…when...刚刚……,就……once(⼦旦;⼦……就)each time, every time(每⼦次,每⼦次)(1)when,while,as,whenever引导的时间状语从句★when引导时间状语从句,表示“当……的时候”。
高中英语状语从句练习与讲解
高中英语状语从句练习与讲解状语从句状语从句在句中相当于副词做状语,又叫副词性从句。
状语从句分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句和比较状语从句。
掌握状语从句应当引导词入手,注意引导词的词义,引导状语从句的引导词都有词思,所以,了解引导词的意思尤为重要。
引导词按意义分为九类:1)时间when , as , while , till , until , before, after , since2)地点where3)原因because , as , since , now that4)条件if , unless , once .so (as)long as . in case5)让步though , whatever (--ever) as, even though, even if6)目的so that, in order that7)结果so ... that8)比较than, as .. as9)方式as , as if例如:1.I fell asleep when ( as , while ) he was doing his exercises .他正作练习时我睡着了。
(时间状语从句)2.When he arrived in Shanghai , his mother met him at the station .他到上海时,他妈妈到车站接他。
(时间状语从句)3.She always sings as she walks .她总是一边走一边唱。
(时间状语从句)4.I waited until he had finished his work .我等到他做完活。
(时间状语从句)5.It was not long before he told me about this affair .不久,他就告诉我这件事。
(时间状语从句)6.He has worked very hard since he entered the factory .自从他进厂,工作一直很努力。
(完整word)高中英语状语从句讲解及练习.doc
状从句在复合句中作状,位置灵活。
状从句可分状从句,目的状从句,条件状从句,步状从句,地点状从句,原因状从句,方式状从句,果状从句。
(一)状从句1. when, as, whilea. when 表,从句既可以用延性,又可以用瞬。
Eg: When I get there I will call you.如果 when 引的状的主与主句的主相同,而从句的又是be ,那么从句中的主与be 可省。
Eg: When ( you are) in trouble, you can ask her for help.如果 when 引的状的主与主句的主相同,往往可以用“when+分”的形式代替状从。
Eg: When I came into the room(When coming into the room), I found the light was off.b.while 表,从句需用延性,或者主句的作生在从句的作行程中。
主句的通常是非延性。
Eg: He came in while I was reading a book.I met her while I was in school.c. as 表,与 when 相似,但重主从句作同在点或同段行。
同可表示主句的作随着从句的作的化而化。
Eg: He jumps as he sings.As the wind rose, the noise increased.2.before(在⋯⋯之前 )与 after(在⋯⋯之后)Eg:See me before you leave.I saw them after I arrived.3.till 与 until肯定形式表示的意思是" 做某事直至某"。
否定形式表达的意思是"直至某才做某事" 。
Eg: Wait till/untill I call you.等着直到我叫你。
She didn't arrive till/until 6 o'clock..她直到 6 点才到但是置于句首只可用untill.Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.直到你告我以前,出了什么事我一点也不知道。
高中状语从句综合讲解及练习
高中英语状语从句★注意:1.需要倒装的情况:1) hardly, scarcely 或no sooner等置于句首例如:我一到家就开始下雨了。
Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.2) Not until …在句首,主句用倒装。
例如:直到19 世纪初,人类才知道热能是什么。
直到我开始工作,我才认识到了我已蹉跎了几多岁月。
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.2.When,as,while用法区分:1)当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前,只能用when 引导这个从句,不可用as 或while。
例如:When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.2)如从句表示"随时间推移",连词能用as,不用when 或while。
例如:As the day went on, the weather got worse.★练习1. last week, she lived a quiet and happy life in that area.A. Not until the earth-moving machines cameB. The earth-moving machines cameC . Until the earth-moving machines came D. Then came the earth-moving machines2. —when has the country been open to international trade?—1978, I suppose.A .Since B.In C.From D.After3. The project won’t carry on we can get financial aid from the government.A .unless B.though C.whether D.until4. The number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to its lowest level ____ records began in 1971.A. whenB. before C . since D. after5. Nancy enjoyed herself so much she visited her friends in Sydney last year.A. thatB. which C . when D. where6. You see the lightning it happens, but you hear the thunder later.A . the instant B. for an instant C. on the instant D. in the instant7. they visited the Science Museum, they showed great interest in everything they saw.A . The first time B. For the first time C. At first D. At the first time8.How long do you think it will be we can find a new water source?A. after B . before C. when D. since9.We were beginning to discuss suddenly a great earthquake happened.A . when B. while C. until D. before10.No sooner had rescue forces reached the earthquake-stricken area they got down to saving those buriedbeneath the debris.A. whenB. then C . than D. until11.I found her nice and honest I saw her.A. for the first time B . the first time C. on the first time D. at first★注意:For和because用法区分For引导的从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因,只是提供一些补充说明,且不可位于主句前。
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专题九:状语从句的考点集汇,讲解和训练【名师点睛】用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。
根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。
1. 时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。
例如:It was raining hard when got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.(2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
例如:I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。
如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
例如:The young man read till the light went out.Let’s wait until the rain stops.We won’t start until Bob comes.Don’t get off until the bus stops.2. 条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。
例如:What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
例如:I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow.He wo n’t be late unless he is ill.(3)“祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。
例如:Hurry up, or you’ll be la te.=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.3. 原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。
例如:He didn’t come to school because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else.(2)because表示直接原因,语气最强。
Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。
回答由why提出的问题,只能用because。
As和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。
由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。
例如:------Why aren’t going there?------Because I don’t want to.As h e has no car, he can’t get there easily.Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
4. 结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that引导。
例如:He is so poor that he can’t buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it.(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。
例如:在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中,so是副词,与形容词连用。
其结构是: “...so + 形容词(副词)+ that + 从句”。
例如:He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中,such是形容词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可不带。
如果是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词a或an。
例如:It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to d o anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。
例如:It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.(3)如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时,只能用so, 不用such。
例如:Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so litt le time that he can’t go to the cinema with you.5. 比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级+ than…等连词引导。
例如:Tom runs faster than John does.This classroom is as big as that one.6. 目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that引导。
例如:We started early so that we could catch the f irst train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)so that既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句。
区别这两种从句的办法有两个:1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。
2)从意思上看,目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。
例如:Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)7. 让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。
例如:Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。
例如:我们不能说:Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.应该说:Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.8. 地点状语从句地点状语从句常常由where来引导。
例如:Go where you like.Where there is a will, there is a way.【演练】一. 单项填空1. _______ he’s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. ThoughB. SinceC. ForD. So2. ---Do you know if he _______ to play basket ball with us?---I think he will come if he ______ free tomorrow.A. comes; isB. comes; will beC. will come; isD. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child _____ into the water and can’t swim, the dolphins may come up ______ him.A. will fall; to helpB. falls; to helpC. will fall; helpD. falls; helping4. I don’t reme mber ________ he worked in that city when he was young.A. whatB. whichC. whereD. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt ________ to visit us tomorrow.A. comesB. comeC. will comeD. is coming6. The police asked the children _______ cross the street ________ the traffic lights turned green.A. not; beforeB. don’t; whenC. not to; untilD. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday _______ there was something wrong with my bike.A. whenB. thatC. untilD. becaus e8. I’ll go swi mming with you if I ________ free tomorrow.A. will beB. shall beC. amD. was9. In the exam, the ________ you are, ______ the _______ mistakes you will make.A. careful; littleB. more careful; fewestC. more careful; fewerD. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to paly.A. be foreB. afterC. whenD. while11. I hurried _____ I wouldn’t be late for class.A. sinceB. so thatC. as ifD. unless12. When you read the book, you’d better make a m ark _______ you have any questions.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. though13. The teacher raised his v oice _______ all the students could hear him.A. forB. so thatC. becauseD. in order14. He took off his coat _______ he felt hot.A. becauseB. asC. ifD. since15. It is ______ that we’d like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely dayB. too lovely a dayC. so lovely a dayD. such lovely a day16. Mary had ______ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.A. suchB. soC. tooD. very17. _______I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. AlthoughB. BecauseC. AsD. As if18. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. WithB. SinceC. WhileD. As19. ______ well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long asB. In order thatC. No matter howD. The moment20. Write to me as soon as you ________ to Beijing.A. will getB. getC. gettingD. got【练习答案】1.A2.C3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.C9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C20.B。