2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士百科知识考研真题,考研重点
2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士MIT考研真题,参考书
16年翻译硕士考研详解与指导178、南宋最伟大的爱国主义诗人---陆游-----唱出了时代的最强音。
179、南宋后期—永嘉四灵和江湖派。
180、小说和讲史----是话本的主要内容。
181、宋元话本----确立后世白话小说的基础。
182、韩愈、柳宗元-----文以载道、惟陈言之务去。
183、欧阳修-----北宋文坛的领袖、宋代散文的奠基人。
184、北宋初期诗文革新运动的领导人是-----欧阳修。
185、醉翁亭记----欧阳修抒情散文的代表作。
186、朋党论----欧阳修政论文中的名篇。
187、前赤壁赋----苏轼散文中最富盛名、影响最深远的篇章。
188、唐宋八大家---唐代韩愈和柳宗元、北宋的欧阳修、苏轼、王安石、曾巩、苏洵、苏辙。
189、先天下之忧而忧、后天下之乐而乐----岳阳楼记----范仲淹。
190、范仲淹------开宋词豪放之先风。
191、王安石-----答司马谏议书。
192、王安石一---被列宁誉为“中国十一世纪的改革家”。
193、办洵—六国论。
194、北宋前期的诗歌流派----白居易体、贾岛姚合体、李商隐体。
195、王安石咏史诗----明妃曲两首最为著名。
196、王安石后期成就最高的诗作-----人称王荆公体。
197、春风又绿江南----泊船瓜洲----王安石。
198、黄庭坚-----山谷体-----江西诗派的创始人----与苏轼并称苏黄-----其代表作是寄黄几复。
199、宋代最大的诗歌流派-----江西诗派。
200、一祖三宗-----杜甫为一祖，黄庭坚、陈师道、陈与义为三宗----提倡诗歌语言艺术点石成金、夺胎换骨。
201、杨万里-----与陆游、范成大、尤袤并称"南宋四家"、"中兴四大诗人"。
形成独具特色的诚斋体。
202、示儿----陆游临终的遗嘱，也是诗人最后呼喊的爱国之声。
203、陆游——人称“小李白”。
中国古代最高产的诗人(有诗9000多首)。
2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士考研历年真题,考研参考书
育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：211试题名称：翻译硕士英语（共12页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
=============================================================================================================I.Vocabulary and Structure(30points,1point each,60minutes)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C,or D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It was nearly always organized by the government,although some club members acted_______their own initiative.A.byB.onC.withD.in2.He redesigned the process,thereby________the company thousands of dollars.A.savingB.to saveC.savedD.save3.Modern bodies are especially______to cancer,because technology produces waste thatinhibits their proper functioning.A.relevantB.invulnerableC.proneD.attractive4.Some of his plans were impractical and________good for his work,but he never wavered inwhat he considered just.A.too muchB.much tooC.so muchD.much so5.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution,but critics condemned it as______and unfairly influenced by recent events.A.delayedB.indisposedC.hastyD.imperious6.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth,______instead people’s charactershould be measured by their value to society.A.whileB.soC.becauseD.when7.During the17th century many artists became involved in color theory and______painting forenlightenment.A.looked up toB.looked outC.looked onD.looked to8.No government can meet the_______demand for ever more sophisticated medical technologyby an aging population.A.intransigentB.insatiableC.ingeniousD.inglorious9.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do______and those that arecarefully contrived for effect.A.reluctantlyB.publiclyC.spontaneouslyD.prolifically10.The monkeys in the zoo are a group,because primates are inevitably______and build theirlives around each other.A.socialB.independentC.stableD.curious11.When economy,language,culture and history interact,people begin to view them as_______subjects rather than isolated ones.A.idiosyncraticB.integralC.synchronizedD.synthesized12.Retired people are often willing to_______their time to help with community project.A.give outB.give awayC.give ofD.give off13.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region,people were unprepared for the_______of the blizzard that year.dnessB.ferocityC.inevitabilityD.probability14.The committee provides funding to_______artists like those of women and of color,in thehopes of rectifying a historical inequality.A.prolificB.prominentC.promisingD.marginalized15.All are in the_____stages,until architectural historians survey each house to determine whichhave historic value.A.preliminaryB.primaryC.prevalentD.predicative16.He has unusual insight and imagination,which has made him succeed in______new andfundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A.coordinatingB.discerningC.acknowledgingD.dispelling17.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lesser characters_______to the central events.A.consequentialB.peripheralC.indispensableD.permeating18.Once I finally_______finding a definition,I see that it was never any such thing.A.get across toB.get away withC.get round toD.get in with19.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separate stages,thoseperiods are not truly_______.A.distinctB.continuousC.reflexiveD.codependent20.In spite of_______among scientists,and years of contentious discussion,the claim thatearthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.A.receptionB.popularityC.skepticismD.antipathy21.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and______as slang.A.equivocalB.equitableC.equableD.ephemeral22.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them______as valuable antiques.A.outB.byC.awayD.off23.That reason was unique human has come_____increasingly skeptical scrutiny:moreresearchers at least entertain the notion that some animals can think.A.inB.underC.toD.with24.Sam was a complete country man,with a pronounced______with nature in all its forms.A.infinityB.conformityC.affinityD.fluidity25.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing,for it is calculated to undermine anumber of beliefs they have long_______.A.cherishedB.deniedC.anticipatedD.misunderstood26.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry,even nowonly a few independent observers_______his works.A.neglectB.criticizementD.praise27.The exhibition,though small in scale,succeeded in_______its members with a firm sense ofself-worth and purpose.A.endowingB.imbuingdeningD.providing28.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly________of Virginia Woolf’snovels.A.reminiscentB.symptomaticC.indicativeD.imitative29.Historian can_______“Augustan peace”only by failing to recognize that this peace in manyrespects resemble that of death.A.demandB.ridiculeC.applaudD.disapprove30.Everything becomes collectable in time,particularly when its history and date of manufacturecan be________.A.describedB.acknowledgedC.overlookedD.authenticatedII.Reading Comprehension(40points,2points each,60minutes)Section IDirections:In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage OneConstant vigilance:that is the task of the people who protect society from enemies intent on using subterfuge and violence to get their way.It is also the watch word of those who fear that the protectors will pursue the collective interest at untold cost to individual rights.Edward Snowden,a young security contractor,has come down on one side of that tussle by leaking documents showing that the National Security Agency(NSA)spied on millions of Americans’phone records on the internet activity of hundreds of millions of foreigners.The documents,published by the Guardian and the Washington Post,include two big secrets. One is a court order telling Verizon,a telecoms company,to hand over“metadata”,such as the duration,direction and location of subscribers’calls.The other gives some clues about a programme called PRISM,which collects e-mails,files and social-networking data from firms such as Google,Apple and Facebook.Much of this eavesdropping has long been surmised,and none of it is necessarily illegal.America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies.They are overseen by Congress and courts,which issue orders to internet firms.Barack Obama has responded to the leaks by saying that he“welcomes”a debate on the trade-off between privacy,security and convenience.Despite the president’s words,however,the administration and much of Congress seem unwilling to talk about the programmes they oversee; and the politicians and executives who do want to speak out are gagged by secrecy laws.Opinion polls show that Americans are divided about the merits of surveillance—which is partly because they know so little about what is going on.But spying in a democracy depends for its legitimacy on informed consent,not blind trust.You might argue that the spies are doing only what is necessary.Al-Qaeda’s assaults on September11th2001demonstrated to politicians everywhere that their first duty is to ensure their own citizens’safety.With Islamist bombers,there is a good case for using electronic surveillance: they come from a population that is still hard for Western security services to penetrate,and they make wide use of mobile phones and the internet.The NSA’s boss,Keith Alexander,says the ploys revealed by Mr Snowden have stopped dozens of plots.The burden on society of sweeping up information about them has been modest compared with the wars launched against Afghanistan and Iraq.And the public seems happy:if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work,nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat.One concern is the size,scope and cost of the security bureaucracy:some1.4million people have“top secret”clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden. Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries.The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revelation was that Americans have nothing to fear:it touched only foreigners.That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies:the European Union,in particular,fastidiously protects its citizens’data.Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap,in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry:the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to be trusted.James Clapper,America’s director of national intelligence,told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on“millions of Americans”.He now says he answered in“the least untruthful manner”possible.Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms,especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy.Those on“no-fly lists”,which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel,are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names. In desperation,13American citizens,including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban,are suing the government.Our point is not that America’s spies are doing the wrong things,but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress.Without these,officials will be tempted to abuse their powers,because the price of doing so is small.This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.Spooks do need secrecy,but not on everything,always and everywhere.Officials will complain that disclosure would hinder their efforts in what is already an unfair fight.Yet some operational efficiency is worth sacrificing,because public scrutiny is a condition for popular backing.Even allowing for the need to keep some things clandestine,Americans need a clearer idea of what their spies are doing in their name.1.According to the passage,which of the following statements about vigilance is true?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two“if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden wouldsoon be forgotten”probably means________.A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Mr Snowden matters little compared to America’s potential enemies.C.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.D.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT_____.A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will damage America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph7is presented to illustrate________.A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.What is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.D.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public.英语热点词汇总裁助理assistant president综合治理comprehensive treatment安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents信息化information-based;informationization智力密集型concentration of brain power;knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工laid-off workers分流reposition of redundant personnel三角债chain debts素质教育education for all-round development豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects社会治安情况law-and-order situation民族国家nation state台独"independence of Taiwan"台湾当局Taiwan authorities台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。
2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研历年真题,重难点笔记
育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版，来育明，赠送真题、免费答疑北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：357试题名称：英语翻译基础（共3页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
=============================================================================================================一、英汉互译短语翻译（30分）IAEA(International Atomic Energy Agency)GNP(Gross National Product)Gini coefficientcarbon taxresource recyclingquantitative easinggenetically modified foodurbanization ratio核心竞争力资源配置绿色增长可燃冰社交网络雾霾碳交易二、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）In1992,Deng underscored the need to follow through on the“modernisation”course that heinitiated in the1980s and he emphasised the need for the economy to strengthen investment and become far more export-oriented.These policies,pursued by Deng’s successors,spurred extraordinary overall economic growth including the emergence from poverty into the mainstream of hundreds of millions of Chinese.Now,however,Xi and Li accept that the era of double-digit annual GDP growth has ended.They are building Communist Party support—and this is why the forthcoming plenary session is important—for rapid action on an economic agenda that they hope can deliver sustained annual growth of between7and7.5per cent.三、将下列短文译为汉语（35分）Seven years ago Beijing’s government set a target of making the city a“liveable”one by2020, with“fresh air and a beautiful environment”.Few praise its plaints abound about its congestion,pollution,desperate shortage of water and hugely expensive housing.Even in the state-controlled media,suggestions are sometimes made that it is time to build a new capital. Beijing has been China’s capital for most of the past600years.Since the Communist victory in 1949,the Chinese have been taught to revere the city as an embodiment of China’s power,the party’s might and their country’s glorious history.To propose a move strikes many as heretical.In recent years,however,some have broken ranks.In2000even China’s then Prime Minister,Zhu Rongji,joined the sceptics.The capital,he declared,might have to move if measures to curb its sandstorms failed.Since then officials have claimed some success in reducing the frequency of these lung-clogging calamities.But other problems have grown.Beijingers fed up with traffic gridlock sometimes pronounce the word“shoudu”,meaning capital,in a different tone so that it sounds like“the most congested”.For much of the year a grey blanket of pollutants shrouds the city.The rate of birth defects has doubled over the past decade.The environment is thought to be a contributory factor. Several scholars have suggested,in newspapers as well as online,that these and other problems would best be solved by relocating the central government.Beijing’s bureaucrats are unlikely to be persuaded.Their privileges,common to all those registered as Beijing citizens(ie,not migrants from other provinces),include readier access thanmost other Chinese have to some of the country’s best educational and medical facilities.Some local officials in places favoured by scholars as potential capital sites have been proclaiming their merits.But given the allure of Beijing’s amenities,it is little wonder that the central authorities keep quiet.四、将下列段落译为英语（25分）今年是中国发展进程中不平凡的一年。
2016年北京外国语大学翻译硕士百科知识生考研真题,真题解析答辩
2016年翻译硕士考研指导MTI百科知识名词解释九牌坊是什么朝代特有的装饰建筑:明、清西藏著名佛教建筑是由谁始建的:松赞干布自由女神像是1884年由哪个国家为纪念《美国独立宣言》发表100周年赠送给美国的礼物:法国多少层以上的房子算高层:8层鲁班本名:输般《考工记》记载周王城街宽以车轨数计,干道宽几轨九轨所谓的“3A”智能大厦不包括:消防自动化牌楼是一种门洞式的纪念性和装饰性的建筑物。
据史料记载,北京过去曾有多少座牌楼:57法国埃菲尔铁塔高多少米:320米中国园林分为皇家园林和私家园林,其中皇家园林在哪个地方最为集中北京住宅建筑根据层数的不同分成三种类型,其中高层住宅是十八层以上的被称为“万园之园”的建筑是:圆明园故宫的建筑面积是多少:15万平方米美国的五角大楼矗立于:弗吉尼西州故宫的建筑面积是多少:15万平方米世界上最高的电视塔是:加拿大多伦多塔以下不属于我国古代主要的建筑材料的是:茅草南浦大桥全长8346米土楼是我国哪个地区的传统民居:福建客家人下列哪个不属于十三陵:景泰陵世界上最高的电视塔是:加拿大多伦多塔普通的标准砖的宽度是:115毫米现存石幢中有年代可考的是那座寺庙大殿前的石幢为最早:广州光孝寺贝聿铭出生于1917年。
白马寺塔位于什么地方河南洛阳巴拿马运河连接哪两大洋大西洋和太平洋凡尔赛宫是什么建筑形式:古典主义汉代的城楼高达几层:3层巴黎的埃菲尔铁塔高:301米汉代称居住区内道路:巷艾菲尔铁塔的设计者是:艾菲尔我国目前已知的最早的砖墙出现在哪个朝代:秦法国巴黎的埃菲尔铁塔是以什么来命名的人名我国第一条开工建设的高速公路是沈阳—大连高速公路我国著名建筑学家梁思成是哪个省广东故宫的建筑面积是多少:15万平方米香港汇丰银行的设计者是:贝律铭唐代称皇帝居住的宫殿为:大内我国最古老的一座桥是:灞桥鼓楼是我国哪个少数民族的传统民居:侗族土楼是我国哪个地区的传统民居:福建客家人四门塔位于哪里:山东世界上最高的大楼是:马来西亚石油双塔大楼宋代以前城墙的主要形式是:土城意大利罗马的万神庙是一座带有穹顶的圆形建筑:其穹顶直径为宋代大型酒店、食店在门前用木枋扎彩楼,加种种装饰,施朱绿彩画,称为:欢门普通混凝土要达到它最大强度的90%,需要:28天法国的凡尔赛宫建成于公元17世纪百年战争(Hundred Years'War是指英国和法国,以及后来加入的勃艮第,于1337年-1453年间的战争,是世界最长的战争,断断续续进行了长达116年,百年战争中,发展出不少新战术和武器。
2016年北京语言大学翻硕百科考研真题,考研重点
2016翻译硕士考研信息散文《寄小读者》的作者是:(B)丁玲冰心肖红茹志娟182.下列哪部长篇小说的社会背景是"一二．九"运动：(D)A《上甘岭》《红日》《红岩》《青春之歌》183.长篇小说《林海雪原》的作者是:(B)肖军曲波吴强冯至184.诗歌《大堰河--我的保姆》的作者是:(C)田间郭沫若艾青藏克家185.下列剧本哪部不是曹禺所著:(D)《日出》《雷雨》《北京人》《孔雀胆》186.作家秦牧的原名是:(A)林觉夫沈德鸿谢婉莹舒庆春187.著有"农村三部曲"的著名作家是:(B)巴金茅盾郭沫若欧阳山188."红娘"由来是出自下列哪部古典名剧:(B)《琵琶记》《西厢记》《长生殿》《桃花扇》189.下列哪位文学家没有获得过诺贝尔文学奖：(D)泰戈尔罗曼.罗兰海明威鲁迅190.有"二十万行长诗"之称的世界最长的史诗是:(A)《摩诃婆罗多》《罗摩衍那》《荷马史诗》《唐璜》191.莎士比亚四大悲剧中哪部又称"王子复仇记":(B)《奥赛罗》《哈姆雷特》《麦克白斯》《李尔王》192.我国最早的神话小说是:(C)《山海经》《古镜记》《搜神记》《世说新语》193.徐志摩.胡适等作家是属于哪一个文学流派的：(D)江湖派桐城派公安派新月派194.著名琴曲歌辞《胡笳十八拍》是谁的作品：(B)左芬蔡琰李清照苏惠195.下列哪位唐朝诗人是边塞诗的代表人物：(D)王维杜甫李绅岑参196.宋代词人陆游辛弃疾是属于哪一个流派：(B)婉约派豪放派雅正派闲逸派197.下列文学刊物哪种是鲁迅等人创办的:(C)小说月报戏剧月刊语丝周刊创造月报198.下列著名作家哪位不是19世纪英国诗坛三大巨星之一:(A)笛福济慈雪莱拜伦199.被列为"世界十大文豪"之一的中国文学家是:(C)茅盾郭沫若鲁迅丁玲200.诺贝尔文学奖是从什么时候开始评选的:(B) 1900190119501951201.我国共有多少个少数民族：(C)50515556202.我国少数民族中人口最多的是:(A)壮族蒙古族回族藏族203.世界哪个国家的斗牛活动首屈一指：(B)印度西班牙意大利美国204.亚洲国家中哪个国家最讲究茶道：(D)中国韩国朝鲜日本205.世界上有很多种语言,大约有多少种：(C)近1000种近2000种近3000种近4000种206.按平均每分钟说话的音节算哪个国家的人说话最快：(A)法国日本德国美国207.我国法律上规定年满多少周岁就有选举权和被选举权：(C)十四周岁十六周岁十八周岁二十周岁208.我国士兵预备役的年龄范围为:(D)16-30周岁16-35周岁18-30周岁18-35周岁209.我国婚姻法规定女性结婚年龄不得早于多少周岁：(C)16周岁18周岁20周岁22周岁210.我国要被选为国家主席、副主席年龄要在多少周岁以上:(C)35周岁40周岁45周岁50周岁政治【学科概述】不用因为政治纷繁复杂的知识点而担心政治会不过线，只要肯下功夫，60分是很容易达到的。
2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士百科知识考研真题,考研笔记
2016年翻译硕士考研信息上海浦东的金茂大厦是世界第几高楼：3建筑行业中的鲁班奖是于哪一年创建的：1987现在已发现的最早的宫殿在：偃师下面哪个不是汉代应用较多的楼阁形式：厢楼墙身接近室外地面的部分称为：勒脚竹楼是我国哪个民族的传统民居：傣族旧称紫禁城的是北京故宫北京互国寺在什么时候重修：元云岩寺塔俗称：虎丘塔以下哪一种木板不是人造板：水曲柳在钢筋混凝土梁中，受力钢筋是分布在梁的横截面的：下方1996年后鲁班奖每年的奖励数额为几个：45我国第一座石拱桥叫什么桥：赵州桥以下的建筑构件中属于受压构件的是：柱针对客厅活动方式和面积大小的不同，沙发的布置有多种方式，其中（）适用于以静态活动机能为主的空间，例如电视观赏、音乐欣赏或阅读等。
集中型把宫城的正门称为“午门”，这开始于哪个朝代：元枫丹白露宫是哪个国家的：法国至今所见最早的砖在哪里发现的：洛阳我国第一条水下公路隧道是：上海打浦路隧道中国现存最著名的三大殿不包括嵩山少林寺的大雄宝殿亚洲最高旋转餐厅在东方明珠塔中，可容纳300多人就餐，多少时间旋转一圈：一小时自春秋至汉代的六七百年间，台榭是什么建筑中常用的形式：宫室北京互国寺本名是崇国寺最初“店”的含义是：储存货物的仓库目前世界第一高楼位于哪个国家：马来西亚鲁班是中国古代著名的建筑工程家，被建筑工匠尊为祖师。
他姓什么：公输建筑中的券拱结构是由什么时期发明的：古罗马花岗岩属于哪一类岩石：岩浆岩云岩寺塔俗称：虎丘塔南浦大桥于哪一年建成通车：1991年中国现存最著名的三大殿不包括1嵩山少林寺的大雄宝殿针对客厅活动方式和面积大小的不同，沙发的布置有多种方式，其中（）适用于以静态活动机能为主的空间，例如电视观赏、音乐欣赏或阅读等。
4集中型座落于美国密执安州的麦基那克海峡大桥，它的悬索跨度为几米41158雅典卫城的巴台农神庙是为敬奉哪一位女神而建造的：2雅典娜“砼”这个字的意思是：1混凝土混凝土的强度是用标号来表示的，以下混凝土中，强度最高的是：4C20世界建筑构造的奇观——悬空寺在2北岳恒山都江堰是谁修建的：3李冰父子故宫建成于哪个朝代：2明被称作紫禁城的是下列那所建筑物：1故宫河北境内的安济桥又名什么桥：1赵州桥苏伊士运河连接哪里：2地中海与红海北京故宫文渊阁是哪个朝代造的：4清朝亚洲最高旋转餐厅在东方明珠塔中，可容纳300多人就餐，多少时间旋转一圈：一小时鲁班奖是我国建筑行业工程质量的最高荣誉奖，其共设多少个奖项：80埃及金字塔中最大的一座是：胡夫被喻为“世界建筑的华裔皇帝”的建筑大师是贝聿铭秦汉时称皇帝居住的宫殿为：禁中苏伊士运河连接哪里：地中海与红海用石建造，一般为八棱形，上刻陀罗尼经文的柱形构筑物叫做：幢在建筑工程中，概算、预算、结算、决算时间最早的是：概算工业建筑上的白色是什么标志：界线标志《营造法式》这部建筑学专著出现于：北宋屏风一般有（）两种，其表现形式有透明、半透明、封闭式及镂空式等。
2016年北京科技大学翻硕百科知识考研真题,考研重点
2016翻译硕士考研信息世界上最大的宫殿是:(A)故宫白宫爱丽舍宫克里姆林宫482.电度表上的一度电表示耗电量为:(B)1百瓦/小时1千瓦/小时1瓦/小时10瓦/小时483.郭沫若的诗集有:(C)《死水》《野草》《女神》《红烛》484.根据有关规定,职工的试用期最长不得超过:(B)3个月6个月一年两年485.中国民间为什么要吃腊八粥?(B)迎接春节纪念释迦牟尼纪念小寒来临纪念冬天来临486.发射第一颗人造卫星的国家是:(A)前苏联美国中国日本487.《新人口论》的作者是哪国人?(A)中国人英国人美国人俄国人488.下列行星中,卫星最多的是:(C)水星地球土星火星489.太阳的年龄约有多大?(B)30亿岁50亿岁80亿岁100亿岁490.男子竞技体操项目不包括:(C)单杠鞍马高低杠吊环491."食色,性也"是谁说的?(A)孟子孔子老子韩非子492.被称作东方威尼斯的是:(A)杭州苏州桂林上海493.下列哪一个不是我国的领海?(C)黄海东海北海渤海494.山东山西的"山"是指:(B)泰山太行山沂蒙山恒山495.中国在国际货币基金组织中属于:(B)观察员正式成员准成员非成员496.人的心脏共有几个心房和心室?(D)1个2个3个4个497.我国第一部在国际电影节上获奖的影片是:(B)《定军山》《渔光曲》《祝福》《红高梁》498.亡羊补牢中的"牢"指的是:(B)牢房牲口圈院子栅栏499."打蛇打七寸"的七寸是指:(B)咽喉心脏头部尾巴500.以下哪个不属于使馆馆长的级别?(D)大使公使代办临时代办501.下列名称不属于二十四节气的是:(C)谷雨芒种大伏霜降502.国画《愚公移山》的作者是:(D)张大千李可染赵无极徐悲鸿503.Internet最初用作:(A)军事工业民用商业电信业504.最清洁的能源是:(B)石油太阳能煤气沼气505.世界上最深的海沟位于:(A)太平洋大西洋北冰洋印度洋506.康熙皇帝的庙号是:(D)仁宗太宗穆宗圣祖507."五角大楼"是美国哪个机构的代称?(B)中情局国防部信息工程部劳工部508.四大名茶之一的龙井茶产地是:(B)浙江绍兴浙江杭州福建安溪509.我国的海岸线有多少公里?(B) 17000180001900020000510."二人转"是:(A)东北曲艺陕北曲艺河南曲艺山东曲艺政治【学科概述】不用因为政治纷繁复杂的知识点而担心政治会不过线，只要肯下功夫，60分是很容易达到的。
2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士考研历年真题,考研参考书,考研经验
育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：211试题名称：翻译硕士英语（共12页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
=============================================================================================================I.Vocabulary and Structure(30points,1point each,60minutes)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C,or D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It was nearly always organized by the government,although some club members acted_______their own initiative.A.byB.onC.withD.in2.He redesigned the process,thereby________the company thousands of dollars.A.savingB.to saveC.savedD.save3.Modern bodies are especially______to cancer,because technology produces waste thatinhibits their proper functioning.A.relevantB.invulnerableC.proneD.attractive4.Some of his plans were impractical and________good for his work,but he never wavered inwhat he considered just.A.too muchB.much tooC.so muchD.much so5.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution,but critics condemned it as______and unfairly influenced by recent events.A.delayedB.indisposedC.hastyD.imperious6.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth,______instead people’s charactershould be measured by their value to society.A.whileB.soC.becauseD.when7.During the17th century many artists became involved in color theory and______painting forenlightenment.A.looked up toB.looked outC.looked onD.looked to8.No government can meet the_______demand for ever more sophisticated medical technologyby an aging population.A.intransigentB.insatiableC.ingeniousD.inglorious9.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do______and those that arecarefully contrived for effect.A.reluctantlyB.publiclyC.spontaneouslyD.prolifically10.The monkeys in the zoo are a group,because primates are inevitably______and build theirlives around each other.A.socialB.independentC.stableD.curious11.When economy,language,culture and history interact,people begin to view them as_______subjects rather than isolated ones.A.idiosyncraticB.integralC.synchronizedD.synthesized12.Retired people are often willing to_______their time to help with community project.A.give outB.give awayC.give ofD.give off13.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region,people were unprepared for the_______of the blizzard that year.dnessB.ferocityC.inevitabilityD.probability14.The committee provides funding to_______artists like those of women and of color,in thehopes of rectifying a historical inequality.A.prolificB.prominentC.promisingD.marginalized15.All are in the_____stages,until architectural historians survey each house to determine whichhave historic value.A.preliminaryB.primaryC.prevalentD.predicative16.He has unusual insight and imagination,which has made him succeed in______new andfundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A.coordinatingB.discerningC.acknowledgingD.dispelling17.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lesser characters_______to the central events.A.consequentialB.peripheralC.indispensableD.permeating18.Once I finally_______finding a definition,I see that it was never any such thing.A.get across toB.get away withC.get round toD.get in with19.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separate stages,thoseperiods are not truly_______.A.distinctB.continuousC.reflexiveD.codependent20.In spite of_______among scientists,and years of contentious discussion,the claim thatearthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.A.receptionB.popularityC.skepticismD.antipathy21.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and______as slang.A.equivocalB.equitableC.equableD.ephemeral22.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them______as valuable antiques.A.outB.byC.awayD.off23.That reason was unique human has come_____increasingly skeptical scrutiny:moreresearchers at least entertain the notion that some animals can think.A.inB.underC.toD.with24.Sam was a complete country man,with a pronounced______with nature in all its forms.A.infinityB.conformityC.affinityD.fluidity25.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing,for it is calculated to undermine anumber of beliefs they have long_______.A.cherishedB.deniedC.anticipatedD.misunderstood26.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry,even nowonly a few independent observers_______his works.A.neglectB.criticizementD.praise27.The exhibition,though small in scale,succeeded in_______its members with a firm sense ofself-worth and purpose.A.endowingB.imbuingdeningD.providing28.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly________of Virginia Woolf’snovels.A.reminiscentB.symptomaticC.indicativeD.imitative29.Historian can_______“Augustan peace”only by failing to recognize that this peace in manyrespects resemble that of death.A.demandB.ridiculeC.applaudD.disapprove30.Everything becomes collectable in time,particularly when its history and date of manufacturecan be________.A.describedB.acknowledgedC.overlookedD.authenticatedII.Reading Comprehension(40points,2points each,60minutes)Section IDirections:In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage OneConstant vigilance:that is the task of the people who protect society from enemies intent on using subterfuge and violence to get their way.It is also the watch word of those who fear that the protectors will pursue the collective interest at untold cost to individual rights.Edward Snowden,a young security contractor,has come down on one side of that tussle by leaking documents showing that the National Security Agency(NSA)spied on millions of Americans’phone records on the internet activity of hundreds of millions of foreigners.The documents,published by the Guardian and the Washington Post,include two big secrets. One is a court order telling Verizon,a telecoms company,to hand over“metadata”,such as the duration,direction and location of subscribers’calls.The other gives some clues about a programme called PRISM,which collects e-mails,files and social-networking data from firms such as Google,Apple and Facebook.Much of this eavesdropping has long been surmised,and none of it is necessarily illegal.America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies.They are overseen by Congress and courts,which issue orders to internet firms.Barack Obama has responded to the leaks by saying that he“welcomes”a debate on the trade-off between privacy,security and convenience.Despite the president’s words,however,the administration and much of Congress seem unwilling to talk about the programmes they oversee; and the politicians and executives who do want to speak out are gagged by secrecy laws.Opinion polls show that Americans are divided about the merits of surveillance—which is partly because they know so little about what is going on.But spying in a democracy depends for its legitimacy on informed consent,not blind trust.You might argue that the spies are doing only what is necessary.Al-Qaeda’s assaults on September11th2001demonstrated to politicians everywhere that their first duty is to ensure their own citizens’safety.With Islamist bombers,there is a good case for using electronic surveillance: they come from a population that is still hard for Western security services to penetrate,and they make wide use of mobile phones and the internet.The NSA’s boss,Keith Alexander,says the ploys revealed by Mr Snowden have stopped dozens of plots.The burden on society of sweeping up information about them has been modest compared with the wars launched against Afghanistan and Iraq.And the public seems happy:if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work,nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat.One concern is the size,scope and cost of the security bureaucracy:some1.4million people have“top secret”clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden. Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries.The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revelation was that Americans have nothing to fear:it touched only foreigners.That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies:the European Union,in particular,fastidiously protects its citizens’data.Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap,in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry:the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to be trusted.James Clapper,America’s director of national intelligence,told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on“millions of Americans”.He now says he answered in“the least untruthful manner”possible.Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms,especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy.Those on“no-fly lists”,which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel,are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names. In desperation,13American citizens,including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban,are suing the government.Our point is not that America’s spies are doing the wrong things,but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress.Without these,officials will be tempted to abuse their powers,because the price of doing so is small.This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.Spooks do need secrecy,but not on everything,always and everywhere.Officials will complain that disclosure would hinder their efforts in what is already an unfair fight.Yet some operational efficiency is worth sacrificing,because public scrutiny is a condition for popular backing.Even allowing for the need to keep some things clandestine,Americans need a clearer idea of what their spies are doing in their name.1.According to the passage,which of the following statements about vigilance is true?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two“if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden wouldsoon be forgotten”probably means________.A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Mr Snowden matters little compared to America’s potential enemies.C.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.D.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT_____.A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will damage America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph7is presented to illustrate________.A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.What is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.D.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public.英语倍数句型及其译法英语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样，其中有一些（如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧、（12）等，见圈码）很容易译错——其主要原因在于：英汉两语在表述或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异。
2016年北京邮电大学翻译硕士百科知识资料考研真题,考研重点(精)
2016翻译硕士考研信息“不撞南墙不回头”的“南墙”指的是什么?A• A.家中的影壁• B.牲畜棚所在的南边的墙• C.古代城市最南边的城墙不撞南墙不回头这种现象比喻某人的行为固执,听不进不同意见。
与“一条道走到黑”、“不到黄河心不死”有相同义项。
72《红楼梦》第六十二回,小螺和香菱等人斗草,“这个又说:‘我有《牡丹亭》上的牡丹花。
’那个又说:‘我有《琵琶记》里的枇杷果。
’”,这里的《琵琶记》说的是什么故事?A• A.蔡伯喈弃妻娶牛丞相之女事元末南戏,高明撰• B.白居易的《琵琶行》• C.秋胡戏妻之事73“茅檐土壁,槿篱竹牖”描写的是大观园中何处建筑?B• A.稻香村• B.芦雪庵• C.蘅芜院推窗既可垂钓,又能赏雪。
四面都是芦苇掩覆,往北一条小径逶迤穿芦度苇过去就是藕香榭竹桥,其南边临近蜂腰桥。
74唐代女子盛行的“蛾眉”是什么样子的?A• A.阔而短• B.细而长• C.连接两眉成一线75“在天愿做比翼鸟”最初说的是谁?C• A.吕布和貂蝉• B.西楚霸王和虞姬• C.唐玄宗和杨贵妃这句诗出自《长恨歌》,说的是唐玄宗和杨贵妃的爱情故事。
76历史上践行一夫一妻制的皇帝是谁?C• A.陈武帝• B.金世宗• C.明孝宗明孝宗朱祐樘(1470-1505明朝第九位皇帝,宪宗皇帝第三子,生母孝穆纪太后。
在位期间,勤于政事,励精图治,驱除宫内奸臣,任用王恕、刘大夏等为人正直的贤臣,使明朝再度中兴盛世。
明孝宗是中国历史上一位罕见的对女色一生淡泊的皇帝,他不仅没有宠妃,而且没有册立过一个妃嫔,只是与皇后张氏过着民间恩爱夫妻式的生活。
两人每天必定是同起同卧,读诗作画,听琴观舞,谈古论今,朝夕与共。
77“一树梨花压海棠”常用来形容:B• A.姐弟恋• B.老夫配少妻• C.同性恋自宋代苏东坡嘲笑好友词人张先(990-1078,字子野的调侃之作。
据说张先在80岁时娶了一个18岁的小妾,东坡就调侃道:“十八新娘八十郎,苍苍白发对红妆。
2016年北京外国语大学翻译硕士百科考研真题,重点解析
2016年翻译硕士考研解析汉语写作与百科知识一、百科知识：解释出现在下列短文中划线的名词，共25个名词，50分。
1.原始人对自然界不只是简单地解释和探索，为了更好地生活，他们还要与自然做不屈的斗争，于是就创造了歌颂与自然作斗争的英雄的故事，如精卫填海、夸父逐日、鲧禹治水等。
2.从天宝十五载六月潼关失守，杜甫到奉先携家属北上避难，到乾元二年秋赴秦州之前，产生了两个系列的作品，一是自叙经历，兼抒优家国心情的作品，如《月夜》、《春望》、《喜达行在所》、《述怀》、《羌村三首》、《北征》、《彭衙行》等。
二是集中写时事见闻的新乐府诗，如《哀王孙》、《悲陈陶》、《悲青坂》、《哀江头》、《塞芦子》、《洗兵马》及“三吏”、“三别”等。
3.佛教对中国文化的影响广泛而深刻，远不止与上述几方面。
佛教是中国民众的一种普遍信仰，因此形成了很多佛教圣地，如佛教四大名山，它们分别是文殊菩萨、普贤菩萨、观音菩萨、地藏菩萨的道场。
4.在明清之际三大思想家中，王夫之的哲学思想丰富而深刻，代表了中国古代哲学发展的高峰。
他对前代哲人提出的问题几乎都进行了重新审视，或引申发挥，或批判匡正。
5.五代时，在南方和河东地区，先后存在过十个割据政权（不包括一些小的割据势力），史称“十国”。
6.唐代书法作品流传至今者比前代为多，留下了大量宝贵的艺术珍品。
“初唐四大家”、“颜柳”并称，成为书法史上的高峰。
7.《本草纲目》共分16部60类，以部为纲，以类为目。
每一种药又以正名、余名为目。
这个纲目分类法已经具有与现代科学双名法相同的性质，有的科学史家将之与林标的分类法相提并论。
8.古代四大发明是我国之所以成为文明古国的标志之一。
古代，我国的科学技术在许多方面居于世界的前列。
5世纪后的千余年里，欧洲处在封建社会中。
在这个漫长的时期里，我国的科学技术一直在向前发展，而欧洲的科学技术却停滞不前。
四大发明在欧洲近代文明产生之前陆续传入西方，成为“资产阶级发展的必要前提”。
2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研历年真题,重难点笔记,考研参考书,考研经验
北京科技大学 2014 年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
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一、英汉互译短语翻译（30 分） IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)
GNP (Gross National Product)
Gini coefficient
carbon tax
resource recycling
quantitative easing
genetically modified food
试题编号： 357 试题名称：
英语翻译基础
（共 3 页）
适用专业：
翻译
说明： 所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
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Since then officials have claimed some success in reducing the frequency of these lung-clogging calamities. But other problems have grown. Beijingers fed up with traffic gridlock sometimes pronounce the word “shoudu”, meaning capital, in a different tone so that it sounds like “the most congested”. For much of the year a grey blanket of pollutants shrouds the city. The rate of birth defects has doubled over the past decade. The environment is thought to be a contributory factor. Several scholars have suggested, in newspapers as well as online, that these and other problems would best be solved by relocating the central government.
2016年北京师范大学翻译硕士百科知识文化常识考研真题,考研重点
2016翻译硕士考研信息文化常识1．经典四书：大学中庸孟子论语2．四大类书：太平御览册府元龟文苑英华全语文3．战国四君：齐国的孟尝君赵国的平原君楚国的春申君魏国的信陵君4．初唐四杰：王勃杨炯卢照邻骆宾王5．北宋文坛四大家：王安石欧阳修苏轼黄庭坚6．元曲四大家：关汉卿马致远白朴郑光祖7．明代江南四大才子：唐伯虎祝枝山文徵明周文宾8．北宋四大书法家：苏轼黄庭坚米芾蔡襄9．楷书四大家：唐－颜真卿柳公权欧阳洵元－赵孟頫\\\10．书法四体：真（楷）草隶篆11．文房四宝：湖笔微墨宣纸端砚12．中国四大藏书阁：北京的文渊阁沈阳文溯阁承德文津阁杭州文澜阁13．古代秀才四艺（文人雅趣）：琴棋书画14．国画四君子：梅兰竹菊15．书四库：经史子集16．兄弟四排行：伯（孟）仲叔季17．五胡：匈奴鲜卑羯氐羌18．五花：金菊花－卖花女木棉花－街上为人治病的郎中水仙花－酒楼上的歌女火辣花－玩杂耍的土牛花－某些挑夫19．八门：巾－算命占卦的皮－卖草药的彩－变戏法的挂－江湖卖艺的平－说书评弹的团－街头卖唱的洞－搭蓬扎纸的聊－高台唱戏的20．竹林七贤：嵇康阮籍山涛向秀阮咸王戎刘伶21．建安七子：孔融陈琳王粲徐千阮瑀应瑒刘桢22．七政（七纬）：日月金木水火土23．战国七雄：赵魏韩齐秦楚燕24．七情：喜怒哀惧爱恶欲25．七大古都：北京西安洛阳开封南京杭州安阳26．神话八仙：铁拐李汉钟离张果老何仙姑蓝采和吕洞宾韩湘子曹国舅27．唐宋散文八大家：韩愈柳宗元欧阳修苏洵苏轼苏辙王安石曾巩28．文起八代之衰中的八代：东汉魏宋晋齐梁陈隋29．四时八节中的八节指：立春春分立夏夏至立秋秋分立冬冬至30．八卦：乾坤震巽坎离艮兑分别象征天地雷风水火山泽31．八股文中的八股：破题承题起讲入手起股中股后股束股32．扬州八怪指；汪士慎李鳝金农黄慎高翔郑燮罗聘33．九州指：冀兖青荆扬梁雍徐豫34．九族指：高祖曾祖祖父父本身子孙曾孙玄孙35．九章指：惜诵涉江哀郢抽思怀沙思美人惜往日橘颂悲回风36．九歌指：东皇太一云中君湘君湘夫人大司命少司命东君河伯山鬼国殇礼魂37．十家指；九流加上小说家38．中国历史上十女诗人指：班婕妤（班固之祖姑）蔡琰左芬（左思之妹）苏惠谢道韫鲍令晖（鲍照之妹）薛涛李清照朱淑贞秋瑾39．中国十大古典悲剧：《窦娥冤》《赵氏孤儿》《精忠旗》《清忠谱》《桃花扇》《汉宫秋》《琵琶记》《娇红记》《长生殿》《雷峰塔》40．中国十大古典喜戏：《救风尘》《玉簪记》《西厢记》《看钱奴》《墙头马上》《李逵负荆》《幽阁记》《中山狼》《风筝误》41．十天干：甲乙丙丁戊己庚辛壬癸42．中国十部著名歌剧：《白毛女》《王贵和李香香》《小二黑结婚》《刘胡兰》《洪湖赤卫队》《草原之歌》《红霞》《刘三姐》《红珊瑚》《江姐》43．十二地支：子丑寅卯辰巳午未申酉戌亥44．十二生肖：鼠牛虎兔龙蛇马羊猴鸡犬猪45．十二时：夜半鸡鸣平旦日出食时隅中日中日昳脯时日入黄昏人定46.十二律:黄钟大吕太簇夹钟姑洗仲吕蕤宾林钟夷则南吕无射应钟47．十三经：《易经》《尚书》《诗经》《周礼》《仪礼》《左传》《礼记》《公羊传》《谷梁传》《论语》《孟子》《孝经》《尔雅》48．七夕指：七月七日49．十恶不赦中的十恶指：谋反谋大逆谋叛恶逆大道大不敬不孝不睦不义内乱政治【学科概述】不用因为政治纷繁复杂的知识点而担心政治会不过线，只要肯下功夫，60分是很容易达到的。
2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研历年真题,重难点笔记考研参考书
育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版，来育明，赠送真题、免费答疑北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：357试题名称：英语翻译基础（共3页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
=============================================================================================================一、英汉互译短语翻译（30分）IAEA(International Atomic Energy Agency)GNP(Gross National Product)Gini coefficientcarbon taxresource recyclingquantitative easinggenetically modified foodurbanization ratio核心竞争力资源配置绿色增长可燃冰社交网络雾霾碳交易二、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）In1992,Deng underscored the need to follow through on the“modernisation”course that heinitiated in the1980s and he emphasised the need for the economy to strengthen investment and become far more export-oriented.These policies,pursued by Deng’s successors,spurred extraordinary overall economic growth including the emergence from poverty into the mainstream of hundreds of millions of Chinese.Now,however,Xi and Li accept that the era of double-digit annual GDP growth has ended.They are building Communist Party support—and this is why the forthcoming plenary session is important—for rapid action on an economic agenda that they hope can deliver sustained annual growth of between7and7.5per cent.三、将下列短文译为汉语（35分）Seven years ago Beijing’s government set a target of making the city a“liveable”one by2020, with“fresh air and a beautiful environment”.Few praise its plaints abound about its congestion,pollution,desperate shortage of water and hugely expensive housing.Even in the state-controlled media,suggestions are sometimes made that it is time to build a new capital. Beijing has been China’s capital for most of the past600years.Since the Communist victory in 1949,the Chinese have been taught to revere the city as an embodiment of China’s power,the party’s might and their country’s glorious history.To propose a move strikes many as heretical.In recent years,however,some have broken ranks.In2000even China’s then Prime Minister,Zhu Rongji,joined the sceptics.The capital,he declared,might have to move if measures to curb its sandstorms failed.Since then officials have claimed some success in reducing the frequency of these lung-clogging calamities.But other problems have grown.Beijingers fed up with traffic gridlock sometimes pronounce the word“shoudu”,meaning capital,in a different tone so that it sounds like“the most congested”.For much of the year a grey blanket of pollutants shrouds the city.The rate of birth defects has doubled over the past decade.The environment is thought to be a contributory factor. Several scholars have suggested,in newspapers as well as online,that these and other problems would best be solved by relocating the central government.Beijing’s bureaucrats are unlikely to be persuaded.Their privileges,common to all those registered as Beijing citizens(ie,not migrants from other provinces),include readier access thanmost other Chinese have to some of the country’s best educational and medical facilities.Some local officials in places favoured by scholars as potential capital sites have been proclaiming their merits.But given the allure of Beijing’s amenities,it is little wonder that the central authorities keep quiet.四、将下列段落译为英语（25分）今年是中国发展进程中不平凡的一年。
2016年北京邮电大学翻译硕士百科知识资料考研真题,考研重点
2016翻译硕士考研信息“不撞南墙不回头”的“南墙”指的是什么？A• A.家中的影壁• B.牲畜棚所在的南边的墙• C.古代城市最南边的城墙不撞南墙不回头这种现象比喻某人的行为固执，听不进不同意见。
与“一条道走到黑”、“不到黄河心不死”有相同义项。
72《红楼梦》第六十二回，小螺和香菱等人斗草，“这个又说：‘我有《牡丹亭》上的牡丹花。
’那个又说：‘我有《琵琶记》里的枇杷果。
’”，这里的《琵琶记》说的是什么故事?A• A.蔡伯喈弃妻娶牛丞相之女事元末南戏，高明撰• B.白居易的《琵琶行》• C.秋胡戏妻之事73“茅檐土壁，槿篱竹牖”描写的是大观园中何处建筑?B• A.稻香村• B.芦雪庵• C.蘅芜院推窗既可垂钓，又能赏雪。
四面都是芦苇掩覆，往北一条小径逶迤穿芦度苇过去就是藕香榭竹桥，其南边临近蜂腰桥。
74唐代女子盛行的“蛾眉”是什么样子的？A• A.阔而短• B.细而长• C.连接两眉成一线75“在天愿做比翼鸟”最初说的是谁？C• A.吕布和貂蝉• B.西楚霸王和虞姬• C.唐玄宗和杨贵妃这句诗出自《长恨歌》，说的是唐玄宗和杨贵妃的爱情故事。
76历史上践行一夫一妻制的皇帝是谁？C• A.陈武帝• B.金世宗• C.明孝宗明孝宗朱祐樘（1470-1505）明朝第九位皇帝，宪宗皇帝第三子，生母孝穆纪太后。
在位期间，勤于政事，励精图治，驱除宫内奸臣，任用王恕、刘大夏等为人正直的贤臣，使明朝再度中兴盛世。
明孝宗是中国历史上一位罕见的对女色一生淡泊的皇帝，他不仅没有宠妃，而且没有册立过一个妃嫔，只是与皇后张氏过着民间恩爱夫妻式的生活。
两人每天必定是同起同卧，读诗作画，听琴观舞，谈古论今，朝夕与共。
77“一树梨花压海棠”常用来形容：B• A.姐弟恋• B.老夫配少妻• C.同性恋自宋代苏东坡嘲笑好友词人张先（990-1078，字子野）的调侃之作。
据说张先在80岁时娶了一个18岁的小妾，东坡就调侃道：“十八新娘八十郎，苍苍白发对红妆。
2016年北京大学翻译硕士百科知识欧美文学考研真题,考研重点
2016翻译硕士考研信息维多利亚时期（Victorian Era1819年—1901年）威廉·华兹华斯（William Wordsworth）：“湖畔派”诗人（Lake poets），“桂冠诗人”（Poet Laureate）。
代表作《独自云游》（I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud），《孤寂的割麦女》（The Solitary Reaper），《丁登寺杂咏》（Lines Composed a Few Miles about Tintern Abbey），《序曲》（The Prelude）。
塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治（Samuel Taylor Coleridge）：“湖畔派”诗人（Lake poets）。
代表作《古舟子咏》（The Rime of the Ancient Marine），《忽必烈汗》（Kubla Khan），《克里斯塔贝尔》（Christabel）。
罗伯特·索西（Robert Southey）：最年轻的“湖畔派”诗人（Lake poets），“桂冠诗人”（Poet Laureate）。
代表作短诗《布莱尼姆之战》（The Battle of Blenheim），《我与死者做伴的日子已经结束》（My Days among the Dead are Past），《撒拉巴》（Thalaba the Destroyer），长诗《克哈马的诅咒》（The Curse of Kehama）。
乔治·戈登·拜伦（George Gordon Byron）：伟大的诗人，英国浪漫主义文学运动的杰出代表。
代表作《恰尔德·哈罗尔德游记》（Child Harold’s Pilgrimage），长诗《唐·璜》（Don Juan）。
波希·比希·雪莱（Percy Bysshe Shelley）：著名诗人，浪漫主义文学运动的杰出代表。
2016年北京大学翻译硕士百科考研真题,报录比
16年考研详解与指导321、五月花号在马萨诸塞州登陆，并建立第一个永久的新英格兰殖民地322、威尔士是在亨利三世统治时期被占领的323、英国两大国教----英格兰和苏格兰教会324、伦敦西区是贸易中心325、门罗帕克的奇才---爱迪生----新泽西州326、辉格党和托里党名字起源于光荣革命327、爱尔兰最古老的政党是工党328、联合法把英格兰和苏格兰统一329、美国联邦法院----区法院、上诉法院和最高法院330、世界上最大淡水湖----苏必利尔湖331、密西根湖---睢一面积全在美国本土332、金雀花王朝----亨利二世----1154年创建333、1882年---排华法案334、英国内战----1642-1646年335、帝国大厦----位于纽约336、美国众议院议员每2年选举一次337、民主党的象征是驴338、美国人口最稠密的地区---东北部339、个底斯堡战役是美国南北战争的转折点340、美国最大规模的移民运动在1815年后341、美国只有路易斯安那州不受不受普通法的约束342、埃格伯特----赢得封建君主权位的英格兰第_位国王343、1928年英国全民实现选举权344、自助者天助----富兰克林的名句345、菲利普-西德尼的作品----阿卡迪亚346、古英语文学时期----449-1066年347、乔森纳-爱德华兹---新英格兰大觉醒-北美殖民地时期最富创建的神学家348、彭斯---前期浪漫主义，苏格兰民谣著称349、公元前146年，罗马征服希腊350、礼节日---圣诞节次日，英国法定假日351、1611年詹姆斯钦定圣经是最重要影响最大的英文圣经352、1636年---哈佛大学在马萨诸塞州建立，以约翰-哈佛的名字命名353、大峡谷---亚利桑那州354、伊利亚特----叙述了由阿伽门农领导的特洛伊战争355、圣经最初是以希伯来语写的356、五月花号到达马萨诸塞州的普利茅斯357、所罗门---希伯来（以色列）国王，使犹太达到鼎盛时期，以智慧著称358、欧洲中世纪被称为信仰时代359、大熔炉----因为美国多民族性360、加尔文----16世纪法国神学家，欧洲宗教改革家，著有基督教原理361、肯尼迪---美国历史上最年轻的总统和第一个罗马天主教徒362、查理一世----断头台，斯图亚特王朝国王363、4世纪末，来自中亚的匈奴人扫荡欧洲，杀害日耳曼部落364、美国众议院有435名议员，任期2年365、英国历史上的共和国----1649年-1658年366、大西洋宪章---1947年罗斯福和丘吉尔签订，四大自由367、英国下议院---不信任投投票，650个席位，任期5年368、罗马教会在1054年分裂为罗马天主教和东正教369、蒙田----文艺复兴时期法国思想家，散文家，随笔录，我知道什么？是他的名言370、公元前5世纪，希腊文化达到顶峰371、观察家报---世界上历史最悠久的全国性周报372、霍布斯---英国政治哲学家，机械睢物主义者，拥护君主专制，提出社会契约论，认为人的知识源于经验，著作是----利维坦373、图腾---从印第安语借用过来374、旧制度的西欧，人被分为3个等级----牧师或教士，庄园主和农民375、文艺复兴在16世纪达到鼎盛376、美国的实用主义----20世纪20年代对于绝大多数考生来说，英语是考研的重头戏，很多时候，可谓是“成也英语，败也英语”。
2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士考研历年真题,考研参考书,重点笔记,考研经验
育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版，来育明，赠送真题、免费答疑北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：211试题名称：翻译硕士英语（共12页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
=============================================================================================================I.Vocabulary and Structure(30points,1point each,60minutes)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C,or D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It was nearly always organized by the government,although some club members acted_______their own initiative.A.byB.onC.withD.in2.He redesigned the process,thereby________the company thousands of dollars.A.savingB.to saveC.savedD.save3.Modern bodies are especially______to cancer,because technology produces waste thatinhibits their proper functioning.A.relevantB.invulnerableC.proneD.attractive4.Some of his plans were impractical and________good for his work,but he never wavered inwhat he considered just.A.too muchB.much tooC.so muchD.much so5.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution,but critics condemned it as______and unfairly influenced by recent events.A.delayedB.indisposedC.hastyD.imperious6.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth,______instead people’s charactershould be measured by their value to society.A.whileB.soC.becauseD.when7.During the17th century many artists became involved in color theory and______painting forenlightenment.A.looked up toB.looked outC.looked onD.looked to8.No government can meet the_______demand for ever more sophisticated medical technologyby an aging population.A.intransigentB.insatiableC.ingeniousD.inglorious9.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do______and those that arecarefully contrived for effect.A.reluctantlyB.publiclyC.spontaneouslyD.prolifically10.The monkeys in the zoo are a group,because primates are inevitably______and build theirlives around each other.A.socialB.independentC.stableD.curious11.When economy,language,culture and history interact,people begin to view them as_______subjects rather than isolated ones.A.idiosyncraticB.integralC.synchronizedD.synthesized12.Retired people are often willing to_______their time to help with community project.A.give outB.give awayC.give ofD.give off13.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region,people were unprepared for the_______of the blizzard that year.dnessB.ferocityC.inevitabilityD.probability14.The committee provides funding to_______artists like those of women and of color,in thehopes of rectifying a historical inequality.A.prolificB.prominentC.promisingD.marginalized15.All are in the_____stages,until architectural historians survey each house to determine whichhave historic value.A.preliminaryB.primaryC.prevalentD.predicative16.He has unusual insight and imagination,which has made him succeed in______new andfundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A.coordinatingB.discerningC.acknowledgingD.dispelling17.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lesser characters_______to the central events.A.consequentialB.peripheralC.indispensableD.permeating18.Once I finally_______finding a definition,I see that it was never any such thing.A.get across toB.get away withC.get round toD.get in with19.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separate stages,thoseperiods are not truly_______.A.distinctB.continuousC.reflexiveD.codependent20.In spite of_______among scientists,and years of contentious discussion,the claim thatearthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.A.receptionB.popularityC.skepticismD.antipathy21.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and______as slang.A.equivocalB.equitableC.equableD.ephemeral22.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them______as valuable antiques.A.outB.byC.awayD.off23.That reason was unique human has come_____increasingly skeptical scrutiny:moreresearchers at least entertain the notion that some animals can think.A.inB.underC.toD.with24.Sam was a complete country man,with a pronounced______with nature in all its forms.A.infinityB.conformityC.affinityD.fluidity25.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing,for it is calculated to undermine anumber of beliefs they have long_______.A.cherishedB.deniedC.anticipatedD.misunderstood26.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry,even nowonly a few independent observers_______his works.A.neglectB.criticizementD.praise27.The exhibition,though small in scale,succeeded in_______its members with a firm sense ofself-worth and purpose.A.endowingB.imbuingdeningD.providing28.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly________of Virginia Woolf’snovels.A.reminiscentB.symptomaticC.indicativeD.imitative29.Historian can_______“Augustan peace”only by failing to recognize that this peace in manyrespects resemble that of death.A.demandB.ridiculeC.applaudD.disapprove30.Everything becomes collectable in time,particularly when its history and date of manufacturecan be________.A.describedB.acknowledgedC.overlookedD.authenticatedII.Reading Comprehension(40points,2points each,60minutes)Section IDirections:In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage OneConstant vigilance:that is the task of the people who protect society from enemies intent on using subterfuge and violence to get their way.It is also the watch word of those who fear that the protectors will pursue the collective interest at untold cost to individual rights.Edward Snowden,a young security contractor,has come down on one side of that tussle by leaking documents showing that the National Security Agency(NSA)spied on millions of Americans’phone records on the internet activity of hundreds of millions of foreigners.The documents,published by the Guardian and the Washington Post,include two big secrets. One is a court order telling Verizon,a telecoms company,to hand over“metadata”,such as the duration,direction and location of subscribers’calls.The other gives some clues about a programme called PRISM,which collects e-mails,files and social-networking data from firms such as Google,Apple and Facebook.Much of this eavesdropping has long been surmised,and none of it is necessarily illegal.America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies.They are overseen by Congress and courts,which issue orders to internet firms.Barack Obama has responded to the leaks by saying that he“welcomes”a debate on the trade-off between privacy,security and convenience.Despite the president’s words,however,the administration and much of Congress seem unwilling to talk about the programmes they oversee; and the politicians and executives who do want to speak out are gagged by secrecy laws.Opinion polls show that Americans are divided about the merits of surveillance—which is partly because they know so little about what is going on.But spying in a democracy depends for its legitimacy on informed consent,not blind trust.You might argue that the spies are doing only what is necessary.Al-Qaeda’s assaults on September11th2001demonstrated to politicians everywhere that their first duty is to ensure their own citizens’safety.With Islamist bombers,there is a good case for using electronic surveillance: they come from a population that is still hard for Western security services to penetrate,and they make wide use of mobile phones and the internet.The NSA’s boss,Keith Alexander,says the ploys revealed by Mr Snowden have stopped dozens of plots.The burden on society of sweeping up information about them has been modest compared with the wars launched against Afghanistan and Iraq.And the public seems happy:if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work,nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat.One concern is the size,scope and cost of the security bureaucracy:some1.4million people have“top secret”clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden. Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries.The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revelation was that Americans have nothing to fear:it touched only foreigners.That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies:the European Union,in particular,fastidiously protects its citizens’data.Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap,in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry:the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to be trusted.James Clapper,America’s director of national intelligence,told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on“millions of Americans”.He now says he answered in“the least untruthful manner”possible.Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms,especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy.Those on“no-fly lists”,which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel,are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names. In desperation,13American citizens,including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban,are suing the government.Our point is not that America’s spies are doing the wrong things,but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress.Without these,officials will be tempted to abuse their powers,because the price of doing so is small.This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.Spooks do need secrecy,but not on everything,always and everywhere.Officials will complain that disclosure would hinder their efforts in what is already an unfair fight.Yet some operational efficiency is worth sacrificing,because public scrutiny is a condition for popular backing.Even allowing for the need to keep some things clandestine,Americans need a clearer idea of what their spies are doing in their name.1.According to the passage,which of the following statements about vigilance is true?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two“if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden wouldsoon be forgotten”probably means________.A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Mr Snowden matters little compared to America’s potential enemies.C.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.D.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT_____.A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will damage America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph7is presented to illustrate________.A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.What is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public.百科知识：京剧：又称“皮黄”，由“西皮”和“二黄”两种基本腔调组成它的音乐素材，也兼唱一些地方小曲调（如柳子腔、吹腔等）和昆曲曲牌。
2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士百科知识地理历史考研真题,重点解析
2016年翻译硕士考研解析地理历史琐罗亚斯德教起源于什么地方：中东不属于“汉初三杰”的是：陈平最深的湖泊是：贝加尔湖世界上火山最多的洲的是：亚洲太阳中心说是谁提出的：哥白尼英国“Beatles”乐队哪一年在沙利文首场演出之后风靡整个美国：1964历史上，为什么统治者将岳阳划在湖南：便于监督和牵制最先发现了白色光组成的是:牛顿我国的二滩、五强溪水电站分别位于:西南和中南我国蓝宝石的主要产地在哪里:山东南极洲中无长年冰雪覆盖面积占整个洲的：7%在理想大陆上，无论沿哪一条经线前进，几乎都要有秩序地经历多种自然带，这是反映了：纬度地带性乐山大佛在：四川省我国著名的赵州桥建于哪个朝代：明石达开担任的是：翼王以下哪一项，不是明治维新的内容：实行按户征兵商汤至太甲统治时期出现大好局面，得益于哪位政坛元老的辅佐：伊尹刘邦在秦朝曾经做过：亭长马可•波罗在叙述中国时言过其实，因此人们叫他：百万先生石灰岩地区中有许多满布着钟乳石、石笋的岩洞，这些岩洞形成的主要原因是：流水的溶蚀作用英国历史上哪位是第一个以自己的名字来命名一个时代的君主：伊丽莎白一世在大陆西岸南北到两个萨尔纳带之间的自然带是：温带森林带有“无烟城市”之称的是：雷克雅末克云冈石窟位于我国哪个省：山西省不属于三玄的是：《礼记》世界上第一条地铁在1863年建于：伦敦中国面积最大的省份是哪一个：新疆陕西省的渭河谷地，在地质构造上属于：地堑兴凯湖是哪两个国家共有：中俄云冈石窟位于我国哪个省：山西省蒙语称内陆湖为：海子我国铁路的铁轨有多宽：1.43M约翰•克里斯朵夫有几卷：5下列四组地点中，按经度由东向西依次排列的是：南京、天津、北京千佛坛是哪个国家的：印度尼西亚斯拉夫人信仰的是：天主教四合院是以正房、东西厢房围绕中间庭院形成平面布局的传统住宅的统称。
在何时，形式就已初具规模：西周地球上的第50亿个人类居民出生在：南斯拉夫荆轲出现在《史记》中的：《刺客列传》贝尔福宣言是哪个国家发表的：英国天文台的观测室都是园顶的，是因为：有利于天文望远镜观测目标秃头歌女是谁的作品:萨特一座将东西柏林隔离开来的墙建立于何时:1961与农作物种类分布、复种制度和产量关系最密切的是：光热世界上面积最大的淡水湖是：安大略湖第一次登陆月球的两名宇航员在月面上活动了多长时间：2小时多在商店里，大部分商品都是尾数价格，如一双皮鞋的价格是298元，而不是300元，请问商店根据什么这样定价：心理国际红十字会的旗帜是什么形状的：正方形世界最深处位于：太平洋苏伊士运河是哪个国家的:埃及瓯绣”是哪里出产的刺绣品:温州横断山脉的走向是：南北走向太阳大气的中间一层是日冕“大陆架”是什么：大陆在海底的延伸以下能从月球上看到的建筑物是：万里长城下列罢工中，坚持时间最长的是：省港工人大罢工北伐前锋“独立团”的领导人是：叶挺中国民族资产阶级产生于19世纪那个年代：六七十年代光球厚度约为多少公里：500公里甲骨文是写在什么上面的：龟骨“瓯绣”是哪里出产的刺绣品：温州西欧和美国两大工业地带形成于：第二次技术革命中三大金字塔中最大的是：胡夫金字塔太阳大气的中间一层是：日冕以“无字碑”名扬天下的是：武则天下列关于领土的说法，正确的是：领土包括国家全部的陆地、领海、领水和领空慕田峪长城位于北京市的：怀柔西亚和北非绿洲农业的代表植物是：枣椰树玄武是什么东西：龟李寻欢在考试中考了第几名：第三名下列关于领土的说法，正确的是：领土包括国家全部的陆地、领海、领水和领空世界上最长的山脉是：安第斯山加拿大的领土面积在世界上排第几：第2最轻的金属是：锂天文学家把全天空的星星按区域划分成多少个星座：88个苏伊士运河是哪个国家的：埃及下列哪个是好现象的征兆：清晨浓雾在九大行星中，被称为最小最冷的行星是哪一颗：冥王星司马迁受腐刑是在哪个皇帝统治下：汉武帝哪个国家有“千湖国”的称号:芬兰东帝汶的首都在：帝力为什么长江、黄河都是从西往东流：我国的地势是西部高，东部低东南亚著名的矿产是:锡和石油祁连山是哪两个省（区）的分界线:青海与甘肃伊斯兰会议召开于哪一年：1971下列哪一个星座不属于黄道十二宫：魔羯座我国周口店发现的“北京人”，距今有几万年：30三种水循环各自的运动过程中，都具备的环节是：蒸发和降水黄河在潼关折向东流，又穿行在峡谷中，其中最有名的是：三门峡世界上最曲折的海岸线分布在哪个洲：欧洲“织女星”位于哪个星座：天琴座枪杆子里出政权”是谁提出的：毛泽东中国的尼姑最早是何时出现的：南北朝伊斯兰会议召开于哪一年：1971目前世界上水力发电功率最大的水坝是：伊泰普大坝在古代任官授职中兼职的官比本官大，称兼职为：守最低盆地最低可达海平面以下多少：154被称为“科学管理之父”的是：泰罗美国的国花是什么花：玫瑰《隋唐演义》是哪个朝代的人写的：清朝电视发明于本世纪的：20年代被称为“智慧之都”的是那一座古代名城：亚历山大古史传说中出现了尧举荐舜、舜举荐禹，禹先举荐皋陶、皋陶死后又举荐益当部落首领的故事，历史上称这种作法为：禅让天坛原名：天地坛以下哪一座山不属于中国佛教四大名山：嵩山“匈奴未灭，何以家为”是谁的豪言：霍去病给楚庄王猜“一鸣惊人”的是：伍举以谁为代表的出海求仙药的方士是我国历史上最早的航海探险家：徐福世界上火山最多的洲是：亚洲第一架实用直升机的发明人为：西科斯基西欧农奴没有以下哪种权利义务：定期服兵役以下哪个国家设立了海底打捞博物馆：新西兰整个地球的生物圈：可算是最大的生态系统唐高祖即位以后，李世民被封为：秦王约翰内斯堡是南非最大的采矿中心，它被称为：黄金城夏启死后，太康即位后，政事不修，沉湎于酒色之中，谁乘机夺取了政权：羿有声电影何时问世：1926《新五代史》的作家是：欧阳修破除满汉不通婚这个祖训的是：乾隆《几何原理》的作者是：欧几里德15世纪至18世纪时，欧洲航海家所进行的一系列航海探险活动通称为：新航海时代狮子座流星雨第一次爆发是哪一年：1833年不属于四维的是：仁以下那个机构不参与诺贝尔奖的颁发：法国皇家科学院汉白玉是什么：一种名贵的石头经过什么战役，商汤的军队战胜夏桀的军队，桀出逃后死于南巢，夏王朝从此灭亡：鸣条之战万里长城横跨我国多少省（包括直辖市和自治区）：7个七十年代后世界能源消费比重增加最为迅速的是：核能我国在什么时候开始在航海中使用指南针：11世纪末电磁感应的发现者是：法拉第在泰国，百分之九十以上的人信仰：佛教最早期的热气球是用来做什么的：空中监视隋朝所取代的“周”，属于：南北朝时的周“玄武门之变”中，射死太子李建成的是：李世民最早用棉花织布的是在：印度河流域佛教传入中国中原的第一座佛庙是：白马寺中国名山北岳恒山在哪里：山西浑源怒江不流经：西藏拿破仑百日王朝哪一年建立：1815下列哪一个星座不属于黄道十二宫：魔羯座铁芒萁的生长反映了：酸性土壤环境刘邦建立汉朝不久，淮南王是：英布与农作物种类分布、复种制度和产量关系最密切的是：光热风切变对飞机的安全有很大危害，它：对飞机起飞和着陆时危害最大拿破仑曾经建立过：百日王朝石器时代分为哪两种：新石器时代和旧石器时代影响植物分布最重要的条件是：气候1937年发生了飞艇史上著名的空难，当时起火爆炸导致35人丧生的飞艇名字为：兴登堡号华盛顿什么时候定为首都：1791韩世忠平生战功赫赫，全身刀痕箭疤累累，双手仅余几指：5秦汉时代陵墓的建筑形式，一般采用：卧斗形黄河流经几个省自治区：9南岳衡山的最高峰是：祝融峰迫使英国承认美国独立的是：《巴黎和约》商周时期中原已进入什么时代的繁盛时期：青铜美国加入反法西斯同盟是在：1941年在距今9000年前，就已经出现栽培稻，水稻的发源地是在：中国下列各地区中，地壳最厚的地方是：青藏高原第一艘成功飞过火星的探测船是：先锋10号秦汉时代，人们说的“关中”指哪一带：函谷关以西维吾尔族人信奉的宗教是：伊斯兰教温带落叶林分布地区的主要气候类型是：温带季风气候世界上历来有“西珠不如东珠，东珠不如南珠”之说法，其中“南珠”的产地是：中国在大陆西岸南北两个萨瓦纳带之间的自然带是热带雨林带股票交易里面通常说成交多少多少“手”，这一“手”是指多少股：100我国北方半干旱地区适宜发展：畜牧业在大陆西岸南北两个萨瓦纳带之间的自然带是:热带雨林带“紫土地”是指我国哪个地形区域的土地：四川盆地“千湖之国”芬兰大约有多少个湖泊：6万世界上最早种植棉花的国家是：印度据文献记载，商代曾经几次迁都：五亚洲是世界上的第一大洲，它的面积约占全球陆地面积的：30%人类的出现与劳动有关，人类最初制作和使用的工具是：打制石器鞭尸三百的是：伍子胥在地质年代中，铁矿形成的重要时期是：太古代据文献记载，商代曾经几次迁都：五马可.波罗以各种身份服务忽必烈多长时间：17年亚洲是世界第一大洲，它的面积约占全球陆地面积的：30%新中国第一部临时宪法的简称是：《共同纲领》最早的扇子是用什么做的：羽毛孔子去世是在：公元前479年林肯的宅地法颁布于：1862年俄国十月革命发生在俄历几月几号：10月25日塔西提岛在哪里：太平洋1976年唐山发生7.8级强地震，此时北京测得震级与烈度与唐山相比：震级相同，唐山的烈度较大不属于隋代三师的是：太尉人权宣言是在哪个会议上通过的：制宪会议1898年发生的变法是：戊戌变法下列哪个地方的日照时间最长：撒哈拉沙漠不属于佛教三宝的是：禅武汉长江大桥建于：1957伊朗的官方语言是：波斯语维吾尔族人信奉的宗教是：伊斯兰教“土木之变”中被捉的皇帝是：明英宗来源于太阳能的新能源是：风能“金戈铁马，气吞万里如虎”是谁写的词句：辛弃疾大约在1882年，世界上出现了：电车被称为“国际会议之都”的城市是：日内瓦岛屿数量最少的洲是哪个洲：非洲我国和世界目前森林覆盖率分别是：13.4%，22%泰坦尼克号沉船事故中，只有多少人生还：695人阖闾和夫差是什么关系：父子南北朝时期西南地区有一次大规模移民事件，叫做“僚人入蜀”。
2016年北京大学翻译硕士百科知识资料考研真题,参考书目
2016年翻译硕士考研指导传统皮影戏发源于哪个地区？A• A.陕西• B.河北• C.甘肃又称羊皮戏,俗称人头戏,影子戏.发祥于中国陕西，成熟于唐宋时代的秦晋豫，极盛于清代的河北。
顾名思义，皮影是采用皮革为材料制成的，出于坚固性和透明性的考虑，又以牛皮和驴皮为佳。
上色时主要使用红、黄、青、绿、黑等五种纯色的透明颜料。
正是由于这些特殊的材质，使得皮影人物及道具在后背光照耀下投影到布幕上的影子显得瑰丽而晶莹剔透，具有独特的美感。
沿袭传统戏曲的习惯，皮影人物被划分为生、旦、净、末、丑五个类别，更加特别的是，每个人物都由头、上身、下身、两腿、两上臂、两下臂和两手十一件连缀组成，表演者通过控制人物脖领前的一根主杆和在两手端处的两根耍杆来使人物做出各式各样的动作。
在中国，不少的地方戏曲剧种都是从皮影戏中派生出来的，而皮影戏所用的幕影演出道理，以及表演艺术手段，对近代电影的发明和现代电影美术片的发展也起到了重要的先导作用。
中国皮影被世界各国的博物馆争相收藏，同时也是中国政府与其他国家领导人相互往来时的馈赠佳品，由此可见，皮影艺术在中国乃至世界上拥有很高的艺术价值。
82“压轴”最初指的是第几？B• A.倒数第一• B.倒数第二• C.倒数第三“压轴”本是京剧的“术语”。
京剧一场戏如有五出的话，第一出叫作“开锣戏”，第二出名曰“早轴”；第三出为“中轴”；第四出（倒数第二）称之为“压轴”；第五出（最后一出）则叫“大轴”。
有以上五种名称的时代，京剧还不是像现在这样只演出两三个小时的，那时的京剧演出是从大白天就开始——一般是下午一两点钟就唱开锣戏了。
演到了一两个小时之后，一些观众可能有点疲倦啦，就唱一出“硬整”一些的剧目，给大家“提提神”，这就是“早轴子”。
到了快吃完晚饭的时候，再唱一出热闹戏，叫叫座儿，这是“中轴子”的作用。
晚上的演出才是比较重要的“正戏”，要一直演出到半夜才完结呢。
所以，最好的“角儿”、最硬的剧目都要放在最后才拿出来。
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2016翻译硕士考研信息上海浦东的金茂大厦是世界第几高楼：3建筑行业中的鲁班奖是于哪一年创建的：1987现在已发现的最早的宫殿在：偃师下面哪个不是汉代应用较多的楼阁形式：厢楼墙身接近室外地面的部分称为：勒脚竹楼是我国哪个民族的传统民居：傣族旧称紫禁城的是北京故宫北京互国寺在什么时候重修：元云岩寺塔俗称：虎丘塔以下哪一种木板不是人造板：水曲柳在钢筋混凝土梁中，受力钢筋是分布在梁的横截面的：下方1996年后鲁班奖每年的奖励数额为几个：45我国第一座石拱桥叫什么桥：赵州桥以下的建筑构件中属于受压构件的是：柱针对客厅活动方式和面积大小的不同，沙发的布置有多种方式，其中（）适用于以静态活动机能为主的空间，例如电视观赏、音乐欣赏或阅读等。
集中型把宫城的正门称为“午门”，这开始于哪个朝代：元枫丹白露宫是哪个国家的：法国至今所见最早的砖在哪里发现的：洛阳我国第一条水下公路隧道是：上海打浦路隧道中国现存最著名的三大殿不包括嵩山少林寺的大雄宝殿亚洲最高旋转餐厅在东方明珠塔中，可容纳300多人就餐，多少时间旋转一圈：一小时自春秋至汉代的六七百年间，台榭是什么建筑中常用的形式：宫室北京互国寺本名是崇国寺最初“店”的含义是：储存货物的仓库目前世界第一高楼位于哪个国家：马来西亚鲁班是中国古代著名的建筑工程家，被建筑工匠尊为祖师。
他姓什么：公输建筑中的券拱结构是由什么时期发明的：古罗马花岗岩属于哪一类岩石：岩浆岩云岩寺塔俗称：虎丘塔南浦大桥于哪一年建成通车：1991年中国现存最著名的三大殿不包括1嵩山少林寺的大雄宝殿针对客厅活动方式和面积大小的不同，沙发的布置有多种方式，其中（）适用于以静态活动机能为主的空间，例如电视观赏、音乐欣赏或阅读等。
4集中型座落于美国密执安州的麦基那克海峡大桥，它的悬索跨度为几米41158雅典卫城的巴台农神庙是为敬奉哪一位女神而建造的：2雅典娜“砼”这个字的意思是：1混凝土混凝土的强度是用标号来表示的，以下混凝土中，强度最高的是：4C20世界建筑构造的奇观——悬空寺在2北岳恒山都江堰是谁修建的：3李冰父子故宫建成于哪个朝代：2明被称作紫禁城的是下列那所建筑物：1故宫河北境内的安济桥又名什么桥：1赵州桥苏伊士运河连接哪里：2地中海与红海北京故宫文渊阁是哪个朝代造的：4清朝亚洲最高旋转餐厅在东方明珠塔中，可容纳300多人就餐，多少时间旋转一圈：一小时鲁班奖是我国建筑行业工程质量的最高荣誉奖，其共设多少个奖项：80埃及金字塔中最大的一座是：胡夫被喻为“世界建筑的华裔皇帝”的建筑大师是贝聿铭秦汉时称皇帝居住的宫殿为：禁中苏伊士运河连接哪里：地中海与红海用石建造，一般为八棱形，上刻陀罗尼经文的柱形构筑物叫做：幢在建筑工程中，概算、预算、结算、决算时间最早的是：概算工业建筑上的白色是什么标志：界线标志《营造法式》这部建筑学专著出现于：北宋屏风一般有（）两种，其表现形式有透明、半透明、封闭式及镂空式等。
立地型和多扇折叠型以下哪个建筑是寺庙：雍和宫我国哪个少数民族的房屋被称为“帽形屋”：（这种房屋精巧别致，正方形，尖顶物，和戏台上三国名将诸葛亮戴的帽子一样，因此称为"帽形屋"）基诺族世界上最长的隧道是：日本青函隧道中国古代建筑中数量极大、形式最为多样的一种建筑类型是：塔汉代称城市干道为：街南宋初规定，街、巷每隔一百间的宽度留一条一丈宽，为了：防止火势蔓延亭是中国传统建筑中周围开敞的小型点式建筑，供人停留、观览，也用于典仪。
它出现于哪个朝代：南北朝针对客厅活动方式和面积大小的不同，沙发的布置有多种方式，其中（）适合以聊天或打牌活动为主的客厅。
车轮式泰姬陵位于哪个国家：印度北京故宫文渊阁是哪个朝代造的：清朝清代酒楼里的雅座在宋朝叫做：阁子雉堞又称：垛口我国目前唯一的建筑设计国家奖是梁思成奖南浦大桥是：斜拉桥中国现存最著名的三大殿不包括嵩山少林寺的大雄宝殿《中华人民共和国建筑法》为哪年正式施行：1998下面哪一个是对混凝土的特点的正确描述：抗拉弱抗压强东罗马帝国的建筑多是：拜占庭式我国第一条开工建设的高速公路是：沈阳—大连高速公路以下哪个宫不是故宫里的宫殿：依清旷殿宋朝的榷场指的是：外贸市场政治【学科概述】不用因为政治纷繁复杂的知识点而担心政治会不过线，只要肯下功夫，60分是很容易达到的。
但对于想考名校的朋友，如果期望考到75分左右的高分，你们就需要仔细做选择题，认真地理解重点了。
政治在2010年，大纲作了大幅修订，有了如今大纲的基本结构。
总体上来说，考研政治降低了专业难度，给没怎么学习过政治专业知识的同学越来越多的机会。
政治总分100分，50分客观选择，50分主观简答。
先说主观题，一共5道大题，分别对应政治的五个部分，考点很难预料，但是实际能得到分数不少。
感觉上，只要你能紧贴题目的意思写上两百来字言之成理的话，25分应当毫无悬念。
这里需要说明，考北京区的朋友（北京是最大的旱区，所以主观答题都会被压分），你们政治的主观题大部分都在30上下，33分以上属于个别现象。
在一些竞争相对没那么激烈的地区，主观题的分数会高得多。
所以主观题不但出题点难以控制，可操作性也不强。
相对而言，客观选择题可控性很强，是我们在政治科目的主要精力所在。
【辅导材料选择】目前，考研政治的辅导书最好还是选择肖秀荣老师的一系列书。
我曾对比过几本市面上的不同类别的政治辅导材料，无论是从内容与考研的契合度还是从认真负责的态度来讲，肖老师的都是我见到的书中最好的。
肖老师每年都会在网上提供免费的访谈资料，介绍他对考生的复习建议。
肖老师的微博也每天都为广大考研学子开放，我就在上面问过问题，得到了肖老师的回复。
不过到10月之后，老师会很忙，所以有问题要早问。
政治这门课，大纲极其复杂，内容信息量极大，而考试常考的内容大约只占大纲内容的3成。
所以政治辅导书是很必要的，可以为你找到重点、理清脉络、节省时间。
A：一本纲领性的大纲解析政治学习没有课本（大学里的五本政治书，切不可作为复习纲要），所以主要的复习就靠大纲解析。
推荐1：《考试大纲解析》教育部考试中心每年考试前都会编写该书（这几年都是9月中旬上市），一般为红色，故又称红宝书，这是最正宗的大纲解析，是政治科目命题的直接蓝本。
权威的书，也有其自身缺点，由于其纲领性太强，故通篇没有任何重点标示，翻开书是通篇一样的文字，初学者读来是极其累的。
所以，如果对政治完全懵懂，这本书可以不买。
推荐2：《命题人知识点精讲精练》肖秀荣类似于大纲解析，上面重点比较明确。
缺点是由于每年3月份左右就出了，书上没有明年考试的最新的大纲变动。
不过关于这一点，每年肖老师都会在他的博客、微博、视频平台上和我们一起分析，并会在最新大纲出来后发出补遗文档。
对于很多不熟悉政治的工科、理科生，这本书可以代替《大纲解析》，实在不放心，可以等大纲上市后再买一本翻翻看看，有了基础就不会一团浆糊了。
推荐3：《风中劲草核心考点》一本这几年大行其道的政治辅导书，于每年大纲出来之后上市，相当于大纲的缩写，同时会以多种颜色标示，并标注各个知识点在什么时候考过。
感觉这本书适用于一些较晚开始，大纲出来还对知识点没有任何感觉的学生。
B：一本按章节编写的习题集习题集，主要就做选择题（有主观题的话看看就好）。
其主要价值在我们复习完一节内容后，回顾一下自己的掌握状况，再对没发觉、没记住的知识点加以注意。
也方便来日复习时看看错题。
推荐：《命题人1000题》习题书的目的是确保政治选择题高分。
如果你愿意每天都在政治上花一个小时的时间，那么你值得去买一本。
C：真题书有些人说政治真题没有用，真是错得离谱。
真题怎么可能没有用呢，自己感受历年命题，一些趋势和方向你自己就可以把握，即便做不到这一点，那么感受自己要考的试卷的样子也是至关重要的，再说，政治选择会考陈题，还有一些永恒的重点，所以，虽然政治真题的价值在所有四门课中相比较可能地位不高，但也是很重要的。
推荐：《命题人讲真题》这本书一半是历年考试知识点列表，一半是真题，知识点和真题答案部分都有肖老师的批注。
这本真题书对把握重点和方向有好处。
D：一本时政书每年时政内容会有2道单选，2道多选，共6分，不过时政的意义不止于此，每年主观题和选择题都和时政有紧密的联系，所以多了解时政在分数上的意义很可能是6分的好几倍。
推荐：《命题人形势与政策以及当代世界经济与政治》还是肖老师的书，13年时对十八大的解读十分准确。
我没用过别的时政书，倒是见过一些同学辅导班的补充材料。
感觉有些材料过于细致，考研政治，把握住大方向就好。
E：预测卷原本不想加入预测这一条，怕大家过于投机。
不过同学们的投机意识原本就好强——看到大家都买好多，又鉴于肖老师连续两年命中主观题，所以还是写一下。
其实，在政治考试前，也的确需要这样的试卷去感受政治氛围。
而且相比于那些什么20天20题之类厚厚的小本子，我觉得预测卷的功能更大些。
推荐：《命题人冲刺8套卷》+《命题人终极预测4套卷》肖老师进过命题组，编过红宝书，有把握命题的方向的能力，编写的这两套卷子也有针对性。
不过我还是需要强调这些卷子的作用是熟悉政治命题，押中题本来就是小概率事件，再说即使押中，你也未必能背到，考试终究还是靠你自己的能力。
以上类别已足够，各类书择其一即可，你若觉得某一类不必要，自己随意。
另外，肖老师时不时会出一些免费视频，帮助大家理解梳理，大家复习空隙可以去看看。
【给对政治没感觉朋友的建议】考研政治是不需要多少基础的，但是如同有朋友完全不会数学一样，有些人对政治完全没感觉，看到密密麻麻的书就烦，也懒得去做习题集。
如果这样的朋友却需求一定的政治分数，那我有如下建议。
首先你们肯定不会提前看红宝书，如果有心看却看不下去，可以去找考研机构的配套视频看。
嫌麻烦的，直接等《风中劲草核心考点》（10月左右）或者是肖秀荣的《命题人考点预测（背诵版）》（11月左右），择其一看看。
最晚11月，你也得开始了解这些知识点了，这要求你前期把别的科目复习好。
等12月之后，到网上了解一下时政，然后买肖秀荣的《八套卷》来做，最后背他的《四套卷》。
这是我能想到的最简洁的路，能到什么程度还是看悟性。
【复习方法及大体安排】建议政治复习的开始时间宜早不宜晚，尤其对那些不通文史的朋友来说，最好开始在8月左右。
对于有些基础的朋友，最好也在9月大纲出来之后开始着手复习。
早准备早规划，这样可以将11月、12月大量的时间让位给数学、专业课这样的硬骨头。
三轮复习（给出的时间只是参考）一轮（9月、10月）学一章知识，做一章习题。
学的时候拿着笔，圈圈点点，学完后做习题。
做完习题，从题目中发现考点，看看自己学的时候遗漏了什么，回过头重新去书上弥补。
这个过程每天一小时左右，学的时间和做题时间还可以分开。
过程最好在保持在两个月之内。