中国古代哲学家及其主要思想

中国古代著名哲学家及其所代表思想

LaoZi From 571 BC to 471 BC 主要思想Dialectical thought, inaction, Shuangxiu life 代表作《The Scripture of ethics.》（道德经）

Confucius（孔子）551 BC - 479 BC His main idea:Benevolence, propriety, morality, make no social distinctions in Teaching.His representative work is 《Spring and Autumn 》and 《read 》

Zeng zi(BC505-BC436)

Each day I examine myself in three ways

Carefully handle parents funeral

Memory ancestor piously.

Mo zi(BC468—BC376)

Mutual benefits

Universal love of non-offensive

Hing world benefit than harm to the world

Zhuangzi also known as Zhuang Zhou[1] was an influential Chinese philosopher who lived around the 4th century BCE during the Warring States Period, a period corresponding to the philosophical summit of Chinese thought—the Hundred Schools of Thought. He is credited with writing—in part or in whole—a work known by his name, the Zhuangzi, which expresses a philosophy which is skeptical, arguing that life is limited and knowledge to be gained is unlimited. His philosophy can be considered a precursor of relativism in systems of value.

Main article: Zhuangzi

Main idea: “天人合一”和“清静无为”。The \"nature and humanity\" and \"quietism\".

Xunzi ( ca. 312–230 BC) was a Chinese Confucian philosopher who lived during the Warring States Period and contributed to one of the Hundred Schools of Thought. Xunzi believed man's inborn tendencies need to be curbed through education and ritual, counter to Mencius's view that man is innately good. He believed that ethical norms had been invented to rectify mankind.

Educated in the state of Qi, Xunzi was associated with the Confucian school, but his philosophy has a pragmatic flavour compared to Confucian optimism. Some scholars attribute it to the divisive times.[1]

Xunzi was one of the most sophisticated thinkers of his time, and was the teacher of Li Si and Han Fei Zi.

Main article: Xunzi

Main idea: “修身处世”"Cultivate one's morality life"

Dong Zhongshu (Chinese: 董仲舒; pinyin: Dǒng Zhòngshū; Wade–Giles: Tung Chung-shu, 179–104 BC) was a Han DynastyChinese scholar. He is traditionally associated with the promotion of Confucianism as the official ideology of the Chinese

imperial state.

Dong was largely instrumental in making Confucianism the orthodox belief of the Han dynasty, at the expense of the other schools of thought.（罢黜百家，独尊儒术）

Thus Tung Chung-shu emphasizes the value of culture, which is indeed that which makes man equal to Heaven and Earth.

Han Yu (traditional Chinese: 韓愈; simplified Chinese: 韩愈; pinyin: Hán Yù) (768–824), born in Nanyang, Henan, China, was a precursor of Neo-Confucianism as well as an essayist and poet, during the Tang dynasty. The Indiana Companion calls him "comparable in stature to Dante, Shakespeare or Goethe" for his influence on the Chinese literary tradition (p. 397). He stood for strong central authority in politics and orthodoxy in cultural matters. He is also among China's finest prose writers, second only to Sima Qian, and first among the "Eight Great Prose Masters of the Tang and Song". Song Dynasty poet Su Shi praised Han Yu that he had written prose which "raised the standards after 8 dynasties of literary weaknesses" (文起八代之衰).