(完整版)2012年6月GET真题

2012年6月
研究生英语学位课统考真题
A
GENERAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST
FOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS
(GETJUN1712)
考试注意事项
一、本考试由两份试卷组成：试卷一（Paper One）包括听力理解、词汇、完形填空与阅读
理解四部分，共80题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二(Paper Two) 包括翻译与写作两部分，共3题。

此外，试卷分A 卷和B卷，请考生注意在答题卡上标出自己的试卷类型。

二、试卷一（题号1-80）为客观评分题（听力Section C 部分除外），答案一律用2B铅笔做
在机读答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间划黑道，如[A][B][C][D]。

三、试卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWER SHEET II上。

答题前，请仔细阅读试卷二的
注意事项。

四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号（听力Section C部分除外），答案一律写在答题纸
上，否则无效。

五、本考试全部时间为150分钟，采用试卷一与试卷二分卷计时的办法。

试卷一考试时间为90分钟，听力理解部分以放完录音带为准，大约25分钟；其余部分共计时65分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

试卷二共计时60分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

六、试卷一与试卷二采取分别收卷的办法。

每次终了时间一到，考生一律停笔，等候监考教
师收点试卷及答题纸。

全部考试结束后，须待监考教师将全部试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本考试结束，方可离开考场。

P APER ONE
PART I
LISTENING COMPREHENSION
(25 minutes, 20 points)
Section A ( 1 point each)
Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read ONLY ONCE. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
1. A. He is pretty comfortable in this kind of setting.
B. He is not at ease when seeing her.
C. He is not used to the current surroundings.
D. He rarely feels shy in unfamiliar places.
2. A. Waiter and customer.
B. Husband and wife.
C. Boss and secretary.
D. Doctor and patient.
3. A. They went to see a movie.
B. They had a heated quarrel.
C. They ended their relationship.
D. They changed their plan.
4. A. At a coffee shop.
B. In the street.
C. At one’s home.
D. In a restaurant.
5. A. She prefers to go shopping with him.
B. She does not want to eat out.
C. She is in a bad mood today.
D. She wants to enjoy the perfect weather.
6. A. Tuesday and Friday.
B. Wednesday and Thursday.
C. Monday and Saturday.
D. Saturday and Sunday.
7. A. The man always makes wise decisions.
B. Jane may not be able to do the job very well.
C. Jane knows how to run a chain store.
D. The man really likes the book cover.
8. A. The woman needs to arrive earlier.
B. The man has to delay his departure.
C. The woman dislikes air travel.
D. The man has some extra work tomorrow.
9. A. Double major in both business and psychology.
B. Major in business and minor in psychology.
C. Drop business or psychology.
D. Choose two closely related majors.
Section B (1 point each)
Directions:In this section you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
Mini-talk One
10. A. It represents the bride's link to her family and the past.
B. It represents support of the bride’s family and friends.
C. It’s a symbol of good luck and success.
D. It’s a symbol of good health.
11. A. Wealth and health.
B. Protection against evil.
C. Loyalty and purity.
D. A remainder of the past.
12. A. Wearing something new.
B. Wearing blue items.
C. Wearing something borrowed.
D. Wearing a silver sixpence in a shoe.
Mini-talk Two
13. A. They are facing budget deficit.
B. They are giving more weight to academic study.
C. They are conducting observational studies.
D. They are shortening school hours.
14. A. Because being active is the cause of higher grades.
B. Because the amount of activity required is just right.
C. Because they help students learn to follow rules in class.
D. Because they can arouse students’ curiosity.
15. A. Whether there is difference between school subjects.
B. Whether physical activity is linked to academic performance.
C. Whether a comparison should be made with the control.
D. Whether the amount of activity affects academic performance.
Section C (1 point each)
Directions: In this section you will hear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording twice. After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below. (请在录音结束后把16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上)
16. To keep your sensitive information safe, your job is to create a password that is very
______________ (3 words).
17. Your password should not (2 words) about you.
18. Consider this: in addition to (2 words), phrases can also be easy to remember.
19. This password could still be stronger by adding upper-case letters, numbers or _________
(2 words).
20. Always remember to (3 words) each site you visit on a computer
that isn’t yours.
PART II
VOCABULARY
(10 minutes, 10 points )
Section A (0.5 point each)
Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
21.Facebook’s top executives are eligible for twice-a-year bonuses of up to 45 percent of their
base salaries.
A. optional
B. qualified
C. desirable
D. casual
22.Ways have to be found to accommodate the special needs of these left-behind children in rural
areas.
A. satisfy
B. occupy
C. alter
D. host
23.The n umber of people with Alzheimer’s disease in the United States is projected to more than
double by 2050.
A. devised
B. thrust
C. estimated
D. encountered
24. My supervisor, gentle and friendly, made me feel at ease from the first meeting with him.
A. at large
B. at length
C. at random
D. at home
25. I searched the library to see what I could learn about the massacre, but nothing turned up.
A. was recommended
B. was found
C. was understood
D. was clarified
26. Geraldine Ferraro said that whoever coined the term ObamaCare was brilliant.
A. came upon
B. broke down
C. made up
D. drew on
27. Upon learning that his mother was gravely ill, he wasted no time getting to the hospital.
A. suddenly
B. moderately
C. seriously
D. genetically
28. It requires uncompromising efforts to develop these residences into true homes for our
underprivileged citizens.
A. unproductive
B. unyielding
C. uninviting
D. unintentional
29. Snow is not predicted for today; we can expect some rain, though.
A. although
B. therefore
C. yet
D. however
30. At that time, there was a wealth of evidence that Japan was planning war in the Pacific.
A. abundant
B. valuable
C. expensive
D. priceless
Section B (0.5 point each)
Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
31. This old man developed nerve damage to his brain, ________ him nearly disabled.
A. leaving
B. keeping
C. allowing
D. causing
32. These discoveries have opened up new ________ in the field of cancer research.
A. rainbows
B. horizons
C. altitudes
D. paradoxes
33. Some politicians in Japan still believe that the Nanjing massacre is nothing but a ________.
A. novel
B. flaw
C. truth
D. myth
34. Many people choose to be honest when creating their online ________ to make future dating
easier.
A. pretexts
B. prepositions
C. profiles
D. protests
35. Several large studies have found ________ lower odds of heart disease among regular nut
eaters.
A. confidently
B. consistently
C. conceptually
D. contemptuously
36. The boss needs a workout program that perfectly ________ his busy schedule.
A. turns into
B. falls into
C. looks into
D. fits into
37. A glimpse ________ our solar system reveals the neighborhood outside the sun’s influence is
stranger than expected.
A. into
B. at
C. by
D. beyond
38. It has never _______ to me that an intimate knowledge of English grammar can be so useful.
A. occurred
B. happened
C. turned
D. conformed
39. The FDA is expected to require safety studies on e-cigarettes and ________ their use.
A. regulate
B. recollect
C. rebound
D. rehearse
40. Teenagers can become ________ and hard to handle if every single decision is taken away
from them.
A. obedient
B. cooperative
C. rebellious
D. aesthetic
PART III
CLOZE TEST
(10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)
Directions: There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
“A better, richer and happier life for all our citizens.” That’s the American ___41___. In practice, it means living in a spacious, air-conditioned house, owning a car or three and maybe a boat or a holiday home, not to mention flying off to ___42___ destinations.
The trouble ___43___ this lifestyle is that it consumes a lot of power. If everyone in the world started living like wealthy Americans, we ___44___ need to generate more than 10 times ___45___ energy each year. And ___46___, in a century or three, we all expect to be ___47___ by an army of robots and fly into space on holidays, we are going to need a vast amount more. Where are we going to get so much power from?
It is clear that continuing to rely on ___48___ fuels will have catastrophic results, because of the dramatic warming effect of carbon dioxide. But alternative power sources will affect the climate too. For now, the climatic effects of “clean energy” sources are trivial ___49___ those from greenhouse gases, but if we keep on using ever more power over the coming centuries, they will become ever more ___50___.
41. A. constitution B. dream C. history D. character
42. A. exotic B. patriotic C. supersonic D. alcoholic
43. A. on B. for C. at D. with
44. A. shall B. will C. should D. would
45. A. much more B. more than C. as much D. of more
46. A. if B. though C. while D. so
47. A. taken to B. attended to C. attached to D. submitted to
48. A. rock B. stone C. fossil D. diamond
49. A. according to B. based on C. such as D. compared with
50. A. significant B. imperative C. indispensable D. negligible
PART IV
READING COMPREHENSION
(45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)
Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
Passage One
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can't remember where we put the keys just a moment ago or an old acquaintance’s name. As the brain fades, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.” While seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a detrimental impact on our professional, social, and personal well-being.
Neuroscientists are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It turns out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental workouts can significantly improve our basic cognitive functions. Thinking is essentially a process of making neural connections in the brain. Because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate according to mental effort.
A new company has taken it a step further and developed the first “brain training program”, called Lumosity, to actually help people improve and regain their mental sharpness. Lumosity is far more than an online place to exercise your mental skills. That’s because they have integrated these exercises into a Web-based program that allows you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it constantly modifies and enhances the games you play to build on the strengths you are developing - much like an effective exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
Apparently it works. In randomized, controlled clinical trials Lumosity was shown to significantly improve basic cognitive functions. One study showed students improved their scores on math tests by 34 percent after using Lumosity for six weeks. The company says its users have reported clearer and quicker thinking, improved memory, increased alertness and awareness, elevated mood, and better concentration at work or while driving.
While many of the games at Lumosity are free, a modest subscription fee is required to use the full program over the long term. However, Lumosity is currently offering a free trial of their program to new users so that you can see how well it works before you decide to subscribe. The company believes the results will speak for themselves.
51.What can we learn about “senior moments”?
A. They are nothing to be worried about.
B. They happen to each middle-aged person.
C. They mostly happen to the elders.
D. They are signs of declining memory.
52. Neuroscientists are beginning to find that ________.
A. cognitive functions can be improved by mental effort
B. intelligence varies with the amount of physical exercise
C. “senior moments” are quite useful at work
D. our brain and muscles should be trained differently
53. From Paragraph 3, it can be concluded that Lumosity ________.
A. is just an online place to exercise your mental skills
B. requires the users to keep doing the same games
C. is a set of exercises intended for the mentally-retarded
D. can help users make improvement in the brain
54. Clinical trials have proved that Lumosity ________.
A. is better than reported
B. is highly effective and beneficial
C. should be under strict control
D. leaves much to be desired
55. Which of the following statements is true about Lumosity?
A. Access to these games is quite expensive.
B. Chronic users have to pay for the access to the games.
C. All the games at Lumosity are free of charge.
D. Access to the games is limited to subscribers.
56. The main purpose in writing this passage is to ________.
A. present the new findings of neuroscientists
B. remind the middle-aged to take physical exercise
C. describe how Lumosity came into being
D. introduce how braining training makes you smarter
Passage Two
According to psychology pr ofessor Carol Dweck of Stanford University, “Praising children for being smart can backfire.”If this doesn't get the attention of Millennium parents, I’m not sure what will. It is my observation that so many parents today believe that if their child appears to be the least bit “advanced” for his age, he’s destined to be the next Albert Einstein, Tiger Woods, or Bill Gates.It’s human nature for mom and dad to show much admiration for their child and dish out praise for accomplishments achieved. The problem is, according to this study, parents may not be doing the best thing by praising their child for his intelligence.
Dweck’s research involved junior high students in New York and concluded that “classroom performance improved when her study subjects believed the brain is like a muscle that can grow.”Students who “focused on the learning process (effort, concentration or strategies used) asked for feedback and did better in all subjects.” Feedback such as, ‘You did well because you worked so hard’ or ‘You used so many descriptive words to make this story interesting’ can encourage children to try new things, as they are being rewarded for their effort. When the ‘time and effort’ strategy is being positively reinforced, the child will probably use the same strategy next time they are learning something. Over time new strategies can be introduced, so the child’s repertoire of strategies is broadened.
Dweck goes on to say that “they (students who improved) performed better because their success was being measured by effort, not by test scores or grades.” Parents should praise effort, not just results. Children who received praise about their innate abilities (talents or strengths) had less chance of trying new things and became anxious and under performed as things became more difficult. That is one of the greatest dangers to continually praising children for whatever they do in order to falsely raise a child’s self-esteem.
What are mom and dad to do? Offer genuine praise and encouragement for effort and successes, but
balance this with setting appropriate expectations and following up with consequences when the child falls short due to laziness. Don’t make excuses. Your child will better face the challenges life has to offer in the future when you as a parent recognize the efforts he is making today.
57. The underlined word “backfire” in the first paragraph probably means ________.
A. create some miracles
B. produce an undesirable result
C. be negligible to some extent
D. be motivating and inspiring
58. Which of the following can be considered proper feedback?
A. You did really well on this spelling test, you must have spent hours practising your words.
B. Oh, honey, you’re so smart—that failing grade won’t matter anyway.
C. This is a wonderful painting. What a great artist you are!
D. You did really well on this spelling test, you are very clever.
59. A child who is praised for his effort and strategy is likely to ________.
A. have his learning strategies increased
B. feel inferior to the smart children
C. have falsely high self-esteem
D. expect more praise and encouragement
60. Praising a child for his talent may _______.
A. encourage him to try new things
B. motivate him to greater efforts
C. leave him less prepared for challenges
D. put his life at risk in case of failure
61. The author’s advice to parents is________.
A. to expose the child to greater challenges
B. not to expect too much of a child
C. to forbid the child to make any excuses
D. to combine praise with constructive criticism
62. Which of the following can be a proper title for this passage?
A. Never Praise Your Child for Any of His Achievements
B. Praise Your Child, But Not for Being Smart
C. How to Reward a Child for His Effort
D. Praise –a Must for the Child’s Future
Passage Three
As a new matchmaker, internet dating sites promise two cutting edges: a vastly greater choice of potential partners and scientifically proven way of matching suitable people together.
The greater choice is unarguable. But does it lead to better outcomes? And do the “scientifically tested methods” actually work? These are the questions asked by a team of psychologists led by Eli Finkel.
The researchers’ first observation is how any of the muc h-boasted partner-matching methods actually works. Many firms preserve their intellectual property as trade secrets, and there is no reason why internet dating sites should not be among them. But this renders claims of effectiveness impossible to test objectively. There is thus no independent scientific evidence that any of these methods does enhance the chance of their hitting it off when they meet.
It is possible to test the value of a claim that they match people with compatible personality traits. However, Dr Dyrenforth asked more than 20,000 people about their relationships and assessed their personalities. Members of couples with similar personalities were indeed happier than those without. But the difference was just 0.5%.
Surely, the chances of finding that magic other are increased by the second thing internet dating brings: a multitude of choice. But here, too, things are not as simple as they might seem.
An assumption behind all consumer decisions is that what people think they want is what they actually need. And the data suggest people are not good at knowing what they want. One of Dr Finkel’s own studies showed that when they are engaged in speed dating, people’s stated preferences at the beginning of the process do not well match the characters of the individuals they actually like. When faced with abundant choices, people pay less attention to characteristics that require thinking and conversation to evaluate and more to matters physical. Choice, in other words, dulls the critical faculties.
Fi nkel’s conclusion is that love is as hard to find on the internet as elsewhere. You may be just as likely to luck out in the local café, or by acting on the impulse to stop and talk to that stranger on the street whose glance you caught, as you are by clicking away with a mouse and hoping that, one day, Cupid’s arrow will strike.
63. The effectiveness of the dating sites is difficult to verify scientifically because they ________.
A. keep their intellectual property secret
B. have two cutting edges
C. adopt strange matching methods
D. are good at deception as evidenced
64. The expression “hit it off” in Paragraph 3 probably means _______.
A. say goodbye
B. get along well
C. get hurt
D. dislike each other
65. Dr. Dyrenforth found that couples with different personalities ________.
A. were much less happy than those with similar personalities
B. were more likely to divorce than those with similar personalities
C. were almost as happy as those with similar personalities
D. were much happier than those with similar personalities
66. According to Paragraph 6, the abundance of choices offered by the dating sites ________.
A. can increase the chance of finding ideal partners
B. helps people to become better aware of what they want
C. diverts attention from other mental qualities
D. leads to exclusive concern with one’s appearance
67. Finkel’s conclusion is that _______.
A. it is impossible to find true love on the Internet wherever you are
B. you are as likely to find love through chance encounters as via the Internet
C. you are more likely to find love through these online dating sites
D. you can find love more easily by talking to a stranger on the street
68. The researchers’ attitude towards thes e Internet dating sites is ________.
A. suspicion
B. confidence
C. objection
D. recommendation
Passage Four
Many countries have made it illegal to talk into a hand-held mobile phone while driving. But the latest research provides further confir mation that the danger lies less in what a motorist’s hands do when he takes a call than in what the conversation does to his brain. Even using a “hands-free” device can impair a driver’s attention to an alarming extent.
Melina Kunar of the University of Warwick and Todd Horowitz of the Harvard Medical School ran a series of experiments in which two groups of volunteers had to pay attention and respond to a series of moving tasks on a computer screen that were reckoned equivalent in difficulty to driving. One group was left undistracted while the other had to engage in a conversation about their hobbies using a speakerphone. As Dr Kunar and Dr Horowitz report in Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, those who were making the equivalent of a hands-free call had an average reaction time 212 milliseconds slower than those who were not. That, they calculate, would add 5.7 meters to the braking distance of a car traveling at 100kph. They found that the group using the hands-free kit made 83 percent more errors in their tasks than those who were not talking.
They also explored the effect of simply listening to something—such as a radio programme. For this they played a recording of the first chapter of Bram Stoker’s “Dracula”. Even though the test subjects were told to pay attention because they would be asked questions about the story afterwards, it had little effect on their reaction times. The research led by Frank Drews of the University of Utah suggests the same thing is true of the idle chatter of a passenger. Dr Kunar reckons that having to think about responses during a phone conversation competes for the brain’s resources in a way that listening to a monologue does not.
Punishing people for using hand-held gadgets while driving is difficult enough, even though they can be seen from outside the car. Stopping people making hands-free calls would probably be impossible—especially because more and more vehicles are now being fitted with the necessary equipment as standard. Persuading people to switch their phones off altogether when they get behind the wheel might be the only answer. Who knows, they might even come to enjoy not having to take calls. And they’ll be likelier to arrive in one piece.
69. Which body part is most affected by talking into a cell phone when driving?
A. Hands.
B. Feet.
C. Eyes.
D. The brain.
70. In Kunar and Horowitz’s experiments, the subjects who performed tasks while talking ________.
A. reacted more quickly and made fewer mistakes
B. reacted more quickly, but made more mistakes
C. reacted more slowly, but made fewer mistakes
D. reacted more slowly and made more mistakes
71. According to Frank Drews, a chat with passengers ________.
A. affects drivers more than a phone conversation
B. affects drivers more than listening to a story
C. has less effect on the drivers than a phone conversation
D. has less effect on the drivers than listening to a story
72. The law forbidding the use of hand-held phones when driving ________.
A. is necessary and feasible
B. has been frequently broken
C. will arouse heated debate
D. has been widely observed
73. The best hope of stopping people using hands-free phones lies with ________.
A. the lawmakers
B. car manufacturers
C. drivers themselves
D. new technology
74. The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. inform people of the danger of using phones while driving
B. call on lawmakers to make new road laws on the use of cell phones
C. offer suggestions for drivers who use cell phones while driving
D. weigh the benefits and harms of using phones when driving
Passage Five
In these times of fast media and ever-growing Internet, we are under so many external influences that it is anything but easy to think for ourselves. Unless you are a cunning, very aware person, you most likely don't even know when your thinking is not your own.
Not that all outside influence is bad to forming your own views, but being unable to think for yourself can make you miserable at best, or a puppe t of someone else’s programming, at worst.
Admittedly, we are all born into societies or cultures where the norms and customs are already established. We have little choice but to conform to what is already in place. This is not necessarily a bad thing, however, it can be confining and controlling if we accept everything blindly and never question the status quo.
Does this mean all of your ideas can be original and unlike everyone else’s? Not at all!
Nor does it require being contrary and argumentative just to be defiant or stand out. To think for yourself means that whatever opinions you hold will be well thought out and arise from。