广东省连州市高三英语分类复习 阅读理解推断词句意义课件
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上下句之间表示转折或对比关系的 连接性词语来推测词义。 如表示转折的词有but, however, otherwise, though等; 表示对比关系的标志性词语有unlike, while, on the other hand, in spite of, in contrast等； 另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不 相干的意义。
解答这类试题最重要的方法是理解含生词部分 的上下文来推测其意思。另外，注意以下小技巧： (1)通过表示接近或递进的and或or等来确定生词 的义域，推知它的大致意义。 (2)通过生词后的定语、表语、同位语、逗号、 括号、破折号等的解释说明来推测其意思。
(3)代词所指代的内容多在这一句的前、后句中 (特别是前句)，或者前几个句子中，找到指代的 内容后把它放在那个代词的位置上，看一看这 句话是否合理，与前后的内容是否一致，然后 再判定它是否为正确答案。 (4)考题中若是需要推测意思的是熟词，我们必 须通过上下文得出其在特定场合下的特殊意思， 那些常规含义的选项不会是要选择的正确答案。
分类训练
1. 如何判断指代关系 一般说来，that, it, they, them, one等代 词的确指内容是在此词的前面，理解上下 文(特别是上句)的意思和本句的意思是解 题的关键。
(1) I regret that there are so few comfortable meeting places. You’re forced to live indoors. In Paris I go out much more, to restaurants and nightclubs. To meet friends here it usually has to be in a pub, and it can be difficult to go there alone as a woman. The cafes are not terribly nice. As a woman, I feel unsafe here. I spend a bomb on taxis because I will not take public transport after 10 p. m. I used to use it, but now I’m afraid. (广东)
(4)The underlined phrase “…”most probably means________. (5)The underlined word “…” could best be replaced by ______. (6)What does “…” in the last two paragraphs stand for? (7) “…” as used in the text means ______. (8)Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word？
58. The underlined part “it” (in Para. 2) refers to______. D A.a taxi B. the money C. a bomb D. public transport
(2) While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood (心情) of dogs. Computer and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach. (福 建) 74. The underlined word “they” refers to B . A.the dogs B. the trainers C. the systems D. the researchers
这类试题的考点包括对生词生义的推测、熟词 生义的推测、有隐含意义的句子的意思，以及 对that/it/they/them等代词的确指对象的判断等。 在高考广东卷每年高考题中有2—3道。 提问方式 (1)What does the underlined word “…” refer to? (2)In the... paragraph, the word... means (refers to). (3)According to the passage, ... probably means________.
(3) It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describes and analyze species. The creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process. (北京) 62. In the last paragraph,” that process” means ________. C A. analyzing species B. creating a new tool C. collecting data D. describing species
(2) A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months. (全国) 74. What does the underlined word “hassle” probably mean? C A. a party designed by specialists B. a plan requiring careful thought C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a demand made by guests
(5) The President has started using look-alikes during some public appearances. Dave is offered a chance to “serve his country” by becoming one. (全国) 65. The underlined word “one” in the third paragraph refers to ______. D A. the President B. the director C. an actor D. a look-alike
(4) How can a creature weighing over 5 tons and normally taking 150 kilograms of food and 120 liters of water per day survive in a desert environment? In the southwest African country of Namibia, and the Sahara lands of Mali further north, the desert elephant does just that. (湖北)
65. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means“ C ”. A.remains in the African countries B. drinks 120 liters of water a day C. manages to live in desert areas D. eats 150 kilograms of food daily
(1) …In the first case, where we don’t tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise ourdishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk’s attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable.
(3) In a recently published book, I came across some exercises with interesting names such as fishbone diagrams, lotus flowers, and clustering. As I used these exercises in my classes, I noticed that students were interested. They said more and wrote more. They enjoyed expressing their ideas and sharing them in groups. They were no longer passively waiting for the bell, but actively took part in the lesson. I find that creativity (创新)can act as a way to increase participation and improve fluency. (江苏)
Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility. (2007 广东B) 48. The phrase “bringing the error to the clerk’s attention” means ________. A A. telling the truth to the clerk B. offering advice to the clerk C. asking the clerk to be more attentive D. reminding the clerk of the charged item
解答这类试题最重要的方法是理解含生词部分 的上下文来推测其意思。另外，注意以下小技巧： (1)通过表示接近或递进的and或or等来确定生词 的义域，推知它的大致意义。 (2)通过生词后的定语、表语、同位语、逗号、 括号、破折号等的解释说明来推测其意思。
(3)代词所指代的内容多在这一句的前、后句中 (特别是前句)，或者前几个句子中，找到指代的 内容后把它放在那个代词的位置上，看一看这 句话是否合理，与前后的内容是否一致，然后 再判定它是否为正确答案。 (4)考题中若是需要推测意思的是熟词，我们必 须通过上下文得出其在特定场合下的特殊意思， 那些常规含义的选项不会是要选择的正确答案。
分类训练
1. 如何判断指代关系 一般说来，that, it, they, them, one等代 词的确指内容是在此词的前面，理解上下 文(特别是上句)的意思和本句的意思是解 题的关键。
(1) I regret that there are so few comfortable meeting places. You’re forced to live indoors. In Paris I go out much more, to restaurants and nightclubs. To meet friends here it usually has to be in a pub, and it can be difficult to go there alone as a woman. The cafes are not terribly nice. As a woman, I feel unsafe here. I spend a bomb on taxis because I will not take public transport after 10 p. m. I used to use it, but now I’m afraid. (广东)
(4)The underlined phrase “…”most probably means________. (5)The underlined word “…” could best be replaced by ______. (6)What does “…” in the last two paragraphs stand for? (7) “…” as used in the text means ______. (8)Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word？
58. The underlined part “it” (in Para. 2) refers to______. D A.a taxi B. the money C. a bomb D. public transport
(2) While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood (心情) of dogs. Computer and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach. (福 建) 74. The underlined word “they” refers to B . A.the dogs B. the trainers C. the systems D. the researchers
这类试题的考点包括对生词生义的推测、熟词 生义的推测、有隐含意义的句子的意思，以及 对that/it/they/them等代词的确指对象的判断等。 在高考广东卷每年高考题中有2—3道。 提问方式 (1)What does the underlined word “…” refer to? (2)In the... paragraph, the word... means (refers to). (3)According to the passage, ... probably means________.
(3) It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describes and analyze species. The creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process. (北京) 62. In the last paragraph,” that process” means ________. C A. analyzing species B. creating a new tool C. collecting data D. describing species
(2) A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months. (全国) 74. What does the underlined word “hassle” probably mean? C A. a party designed by specialists B. a plan requiring careful thought C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a demand made by guests
(5) The President has started using look-alikes during some public appearances. Dave is offered a chance to “serve his country” by becoming one. (全国) 65. The underlined word “one” in the third paragraph refers to ______. D A. the President B. the director C. an actor D. a look-alike
(4) How can a creature weighing over 5 tons and normally taking 150 kilograms of food and 120 liters of water per day survive in a desert environment? In the southwest African country of Namibia, and the Sahara lands of Mali further north, the desert elephant does just that. (湖北)
65. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means“ C ”. A.remains in the African countries B. drinks 120 liters of water a day C. manages to live in desert areas D. eats 150 kilograms of food daily
(1) …In the first case, where we don’t tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise ourdishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk’s attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable.
(3) In a recently published book, I came across some exercises with interesting names such as fishbone diagrams, lotus flowers, and clustering. As I used these exercises in my classes, I noticed that students were interested. They said more and wrote more. They enjoyed expressing their ideas and sharing them in groups. They were no longer passively waiting for the bell, but actively took part in the lesson. I find that creativity (创新)can act as a way to increase participation and improve fluency. (江苏)
Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility. (2007 广东B) 48. The phrase “bringing the error to the clerk’s attention” means ________. A A. telling the truth to the clerk B. offering advice to the clerk C. asking the clerk to be more attentive D. reminding the clerk of the charged item