被动语态用法详解ppt课件

already sold out the tickets.
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets
had already been sold out.
(2) The whole country was very sad at the
news of his death; People had considered him
这时常用in + 名词作状语，而代替 by 短语。
3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，
These cars were made in China. 15, 000 cars will be produced each year in the new factory.
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(五)主动语态变被动语态的方法
宾语
Some books
主语
were bought
谓语动词被动语态的过去分词
( by us ) 介词+ 宾语
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My mother sweeps the floor every day.
The floor is swept by my mother every day.
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jacket
keeping warm Guangzhou
The rooms are being painted.
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(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 6. 过去进行时：
(1)The workers were mending the road.
The road was being mended.
(2)This time last year we were planting
23六语态转换时所注意的问题语态转换时所注意的问题把主动语态变为被动语态时其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致
The Passive Voice
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(一 ) 语 态 分 类
英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表 示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受” 等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。 2. 把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的 be + 过去分词，时态要与原 句保持一致。 3. 把主动语态的主语变为介词 by 的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动 词之后，by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语 态中用in + 地点名词作状语。 23
(六)语态转换时所注意的问题
trees here.
Trees were being planted here this
time last year.
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(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 7. 现在完成时： (1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.
I have been told the sports meeting
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 5. 现在进行时：
(1)The radio is broadcasting English
lessons.
English lessons are being broadcasted
on the radio.
(2) We are painting the rooms.
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(五 ) 被 动 语 态 的 使 用
1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时 往往不用by 短语。
“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”
2. 突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用 by 短语。
These records were made by John Denver. The cup was broken by Paul.
（1） My aunt invited me to her dinner party. 主语 谓语 宾语
→ I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party. 主语 谓语 宾语 （2） The school set up a special class to help poor readers. → A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.
2
What does she do every day?
She waters the flowers every day.
The flowers are watered by her every day.
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主动句与被动句之间的转换
We
主语
bought
谓语动词主动语态的过去式
some books.
The jacket is used for keeping warm.
The jacket is made in Guangzhou.
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summary
英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态 两种语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的 执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承 受者, 在被动语态中动作的执行者有时 用by短语表示出来. 一般现在时(simple present)： S(主语)+am/is/are +过去分词(done) 一般过去时(simple past)： S+was/were +过去分词(done)
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Ann can take good care of the cats ．
The cats can be taken good care of by Ann.
情态动词(model verb)：
S+ can/must/should等情态动词 + be+过去分词 8
They can sing some beautiful songs.
the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 16
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主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：
1 把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。 2 把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意 其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持 不变。 3 原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的 宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则 可省略。 4 其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
3 一般疑问句
Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)
Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage?
4 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)
Where was a sweet song sung by her?
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(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态
Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.
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(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化
主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全 一样。以 give 为例，列表如下： am / is / are + done 一般现在时：
was / were + done 一般过去时： shall / will + be done 一般将来时： should / would + be done 含有情态动词 am / is / are + being + done 现在进行时： was / were + being + done 过去进行时： have / has + been + done 现在完成时： had + been + done 过去完成时： shall / will + have been + done 将来完成时： 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
1. 一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
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(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 2. 一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
The building of a new car factory was
agreed on last month.
(2)The
students
didn't
forget
his
lessons easily.
His lessons were not easily forgotten.
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(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea.
to be a great leader.
He had been considered to be a great leader.
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(四） 含有情态动词的被动语态： 含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词 + be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。 (1)You must hand in your compositions after class. Your compositions must be handed in after class. (2)He can write a great many letters with the computer. A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.
(2)They will give plenty of jobs to
school-leavers.
Plenty of jobs will be given to schoolleavers.
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Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 4. 过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete
might be put off.
(2)He has brought his book here.
His book has been brought here.
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(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 8. 过去完成时： (1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had
1. 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态 保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。 We have bought a new computer. A new computer has been bought. (正确) A new computer have been bought. (错误)
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被动语态的几种句型 1 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…) A sweet song was sung by her on the stage.
2 否定句
主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by…)
A sweet song wasn’t sung by her on the stage.