五年级【英语】小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型(附解题技巧)

部编五年级【英语】小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型(附解题技巧)
在小学阶段，阅读理解题型灵活多样，但主要有五种题型，不同的题型其实也是有不同解题技巧的。

一、读一读，然后选一选
这种题型的特点是在短文后给出若十个不完整的句子或若干个根据短文内容提出的问题，针对每一题都提供三到四个备选的答案，要求同学们在正确理解短文内容的基础上，从选项中选出一个正确的答案。

这类试题的问题一般是紧扣短文内容编排的，既会涉及文章中的细节内容，如文中出现的人物、时间、地点、事件的前因后果等；也会涉及文章中某个词或某个句子的含义以及文章的主旨、大意和标题等。

The big day comes at last!
Mrs Jones'third grade students are waiting quietly for her to come into the classroom. Today Amy brings some cakes, Joy brings some napkins, Carlos brings some soda water and Kate brings some cups. Everyone wants the party to he a surprise. Mrs Jones doesn't know the children have known today is her birthday. When she comes into the classroom, the children shout, “Happy birthday, Mrs Jones!”
And then the children get a surprise,too. Mrs Jones brings everyone a party hat and an ice cream!阅读短文，选择最佳答案。

( ) 1. Mrs Jones'grade students are waiting for her. A. three B.third C.No.3 D.the third
( ) 2. Carlos brings some一． A. cola B.napkins C.soda water D.cups
( ) 3． brings some cakes. A. Amy B.Carlos C.Joey D.Kate
分析
题1短文的第二句话告诉我们是琼斯老师的三年级的学生们正静静地等候她的到来。

在年级前面应该用序数词来表示，如果是在年级后面就应该用基数词表示。

如：the third grade,=Grade Three.同时因为前面有定语Mrs Jones'，所以这里也应该不要the。

题2.3 短文介绍了几个同学分别带了一些东西。

卡洛斯带了soda water（汽水），艾米带了蛋糕。

正确答案：1．B 2．C 3．A
二、读一读，然后判断句子正误
该题型的特点是在短文后给出若干个句子，要求同学们根据短文内容，判断所给的句子意思是否与原文相符。

做这类题应该联系短文内容进行发挥，主要是考查对意思相近或相反的几个句子进行鉴别、判断，或是变换词语、句子结构来测试同种意思的不同表达。

There are some public numbers. Do you know when to use these numbers? 110 is a number for calling policeman when you have niet some illegal things. 119 is a number using for a fire accident. 120 is a number for asking medical help when somebody is serious ill or hurt. Please do not dial these numbers for fun. It is forbidden. 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。

( ) 1. When you meet some thieves, you can call 110.
( ) 2. Somebody is serious ill, you can call 119.
( ) 3. There is a fire ac:cident in vour building, so you can call 119.
( ) 4.A girl was hurt by a car, you can call 120.
分析
这篇短文是介绍几个常用电话号码的用法。

读懂就会判断句子的正误了。

题l 意思是当你遇到小偷的时候，你应该拔打110。

110是遇到违法事件时的报警号码，所以判断它是正确的。

题2意思是有人得了重病，你应该拔打119。

1 19是发生火灾时的求救号码，所以判断它是错误的。

题3意思是当你的房子发生了火灾，你应该拨打119。

可以判断它是正确的
题4意思是一个女孩被汽车撞了，你应该拔打120。

120是请求医疗急救的号码，应该先送她去医院+，所以可以判断它是正确的。

正确答案：1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T
三、读一读，然后回答问题
这种题型要求根据所提的问题写出完整、正确的句子。

这样的题目听起来似乎很难，其实真正做起来却很简单。

回答问题时，句子越简单越好，答案应简洁明了，能用一个词，就不用两个词，只要能说明问题就行。

There are seven days in a week. They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. Sunday is the first day of the week. Saturday and Sunday are the weekend. Usually, we have a rest on the weekends. The other five days are weekdays. We usually go to school or work during weekdays. Nobody likes Monday, because we have a good time on Sunday and we don't want to study or work any more.
阅读短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

1. How many days are there in a week?
2．What are they?
3. What is the first day of the week?
4．What is the weekend？
5. When do we usually go to school?
分析
题1 问一周有几天。

用一个seven就可以回答了。

题2问分别是哪几天。

短文第二句已经给我们答案了。

题3记住一周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一。

题4周末是星期六和星期天。

题5 问我们通常什么时候上学。

应该是工作日了。

正确答案：
1．There are seven.
2．They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesclay, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday.
3.Sunday.
4.Saturday and Sunday.
5.During weekdays.
四、读一读，然后根据短文内容填空
该题型的特点是在短文后给出一篇经过改写或缩写后与原短文意思相同的短文或几个句子，在短文或句子中均留有若干个空格，要求同学们在每一个空格处填上一个词，使短文或句子所表达的意思与原短文的内容一致。

The English people like take-away food. The most popular food is fish and chips. They usually go to a fish and chips shop. They put the food in paper bags, and take it home, or to their work place. At lunch time, many people eat takeaway food in thepark. Chinese take-away food is also very popular in England. People in the USA and Australia like Chinese take-away food, too. But the most popular food in the USA is fried chicken.
阅读短文，然后填空。

1. The most popular food in England is___.
2. They put the food in____ ,and take it home, or to their work place.
3. At lunch time, many people eat______food in the park.
4. Chinese take-away food is also very_ in England.
5. The most popular food in the USA is___一．
分析
题l 第二句话告诉我们最受英国人欢迎的食物是鱼和薯片。

题2第四句话告诉我们他们把食物装进纸袋里，然后带回家或工作的地方。

题3短文还告诉我们在午餐的时候，很多人喜欢在公园里吃可携带食物。

题4第二段告诉我们中国的可携带食物在英国也很受欢迎。

题5最后一句话告诉我们在美国，最受欢迎的食物是炸鸡。

正确答案：1．fish and chips 2．paper bags 3．take-away4．popular 5．fried chiken
五、读一读，然后画一画
该题型要求同学们先读懂短文，然后根据短文内容画与短文内容相关的。

要注意短文中提到的一些东西要在画中体现出来。

Aunt Mary is coming, but Tom's mother is too busy to pick her up. So she asks Tom to pick aunt Mary up. But Tom did not meet her for a long time. So his mother asks Tom to find as following: She is at the bus station. She is a tall woman with long blac:k hair. She is wearing a green dress, a brown hat and a pair of boots. She is holding a handbag. Can Tom find her'
l 根据汤姆的妈妈的描述给玛丽阿姨画一幅画，以便汤姆更容易找到她。

分析
短文的第二段告诉我们玛丽阿姨的肖像特点是：a tall woman with long black hair（长长的黑头发的高个子的妇女），wearing a green dress，a brown hat and a pair of boots（穿着一件绿色的裙子，头戴一顶棕色的帽子，脚穿一双靴子），holding a handbag（拿着一个手提包）。

读懂了这些，就不难画出这幅画了。

可不要忘记了涂色哦！
总之，英语阅读理解的解题技巧可以归纳为以下几点：
1．假如文章很长，题目很少，我们可以采取略读的方法先简单读一遍，然后带着问题去查阅，这样相信你一定能找到答案。

2．假如文章很短，而题目义很多的话，我们则应该先仔细阅读短文，再去做题。

遇到想不起来的，可以带着该问题去查阅有关细节。

3．如果问题要求解答数字、人名、地名、时间等，可以直接用查阅的方法来寻求答案，也可以先略读然后再查阅。

二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解根据表格内容，选择正确答案。

Sam is a student. He has only four lessons every day, but he goes to school six days a week. The following is his school timetable (时间表).
—___________________.
A. Nine
B. Six
C. Seven
（2）—On what day doesn't Sam go to school?
—___________________.
A. Thursday
B. Sunday
C. Saturday
（3）—How many lessons does Sam have a week?
—___________________.
A. Twenty
B. Sixteen
C. Twenty-four
（4）—Which subject doesn't Sam have at school?
—___________________.
A. Spanish
B. Chinese
C. English
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】短文讲述了山姆每天只有四节课，但他每周上学六天，和他的时间表。

（1）句意：萨姆在学校有多少门课？根据表格可知萨姆在学校有七门课，故答案为C.（2）句意：山姆什么时候不上学？根据He has only four lessons every day, but he goes to school six days a week. 可知山姆星期天不上学，故答案为B.
（3）句意：山姆一周有几节课？根据He has only four lessons every day, but he goes to school six days a week.可知山姆一周有24节课，故答案为C.
（4）句意：萨姆在学校没有哪门课？根据表格可知萨姆在学校没有语文课，故答案为B.【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择。

3．阅读理解阅读理解
I am going to have a busy weekend! On Saturday, I'm going to clean my room and do homework. Then, in the evening, I'm going to the supermarket with my mother. On Saturday, I'm going to the bookstore on foot. I'm going to buy some books. Then, I'm going to go home and read the new books. In the evening, I'm going to watch TV. That will be fun!
阅读短文判断正误
（1）On Saturday, I'm going to clean my room and do homework.
（2）I 'm going to the supermarket with my mother.
（3）I'm going to go to the library and read the new books.
（4）I'm going to play football on Saturday.
（5）I'm going to watch TV in the evening.
【答案】（1）1
（2）1
（3）0
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了我周末都做了什么事情。

（1）句意：星期六，我要打扫房间，做家庭作业。

根据 On Saturday, I'm going to clean my room and do homework. 可知星期六，我要打扫房间做家庭作业。

故答案为正确。

（2）句意：我要和妈妈一起去超市。

根据 Then, in the evening, I'm going to the supermarket with my mother. 可知我要和妈妈一起去超市，故答案为正确。

（3）句意：我要去图书馆读新书。

根据 I'm going to buy some books. Then, I'm going to go home and read the new books. 可知我去书店买一些书，然后回家看新书，故答案为错误。

（4）句意：星期六我要去踢足球。

根据短文，可知星期六我没有去踢足球，故答案为错误。

（5）句意：我晚上要看电视。

根据 In the evening, I'm going to watch TV. 可知我晚上要看电视，故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

4．阅读理解阅读理解
I have a little dog. Its name is Googlo. He is three years old. He has two big eyes. They're black. He has one blue ear and one black ear. He is clever.
I like my Googlo. He likes playing with me. He can bark, jump and run. He can play football, basketball and volleyball. He likes playing football very much. He likes some fruit, such as apples, bananas, oranges, pears and watermelons. He enjoys his snacks.
阅读短文判断正误
（1）Googlo likes playing with me.
（2）Googlo can bark, swim and run.
（3）Googlo can play ping-pong, basketball and volleyball.
（4）Googlo likes some fruit.
（5）Googlo likes playing football very much.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了小狗古格罗，它的年龄，样子，爱好。

（1）句意：古格罗喜欢和我玩。

根据 I like my Googlo. He likes playing with me. 可知古格罗喜欢和我玩，故答案为正确。

（2）句意：古格罗能叫，游泳和跑步。

根据 He can bark, jump and run. 可知古格罗能叫，跳和跑步，故答案为错误。

（3）句意：古格罗会打乒乓球、篮球和排球。

根据He can play football, basketball and volleyball. 可知古格罗能踢足球、篮球和排球，故答案为错误。

（4）句意：古格罗喜欢吃水果。

根据 He likes some fruit, such as apples, bananas, oranges, pears and watermelons. 可知古格罗喜欢吃水果，故答案为正确。

（5）句意：古格罗非常喜欢踢足球。

根据 He likes playing football very much. 可知古格罗非常喜欢踢足球，故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

5．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误
Tomorrow is Mother's Day. What will children do on Mother's Day?
Ben and Jim are brothers. Their mother likes flowers very much. So they want to buy some flowers for their mother. They will put their money together and buy some pink carnations(康乃馨).
Lily is going to make cards for her mother and her two grandmothers. She needs some nice paper and some crayons. She can make beautiful cards.
John will paint a picture for his mother. He will paint sixteen tulips(郁金香) ,sixteen roses and sixteen lilies(百合花). The sum(总和) of all the flowers is his mother's age.
What will you do for your mother?
（1）Tomorrow is Mother's Day.
（2）Ben and Jim will buy some tulips for their mother.
（3）Lily is going to make cards for her mother and her aunt.
（4）John will paint a picture for his mother.
（5）John's mother is 36.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）0
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了在母亲节前夕，孩子们将为自己的母亲买或做什么礼物。

（1）句意：明天是母亲节。

根据 Tomorrow is Mother's Day. ，可知明天是母亲节，故答案为正确。

（2）句意：本和吉姆将为他们的母亲买一些郁金香。

根据They will put their money together and buy some pink carnations. 可知本和吉姆将为他们的母亲买一些康乃馨，故答案为错误。

（3）句意：莉莉打算给她母亲和姑妈做卡片。

根据Lily is going to make cards for her mother and her two grandmothers. 可知莉莉打算为她母亲和她的两个祖母制作卡片，故答案为错误。

（4）句意：约翰将为他母亲画一幅画。

根据 John will paint a picture for his mother. 可知约翰将为他母亲画一幅画，故答案为正确。

（5）句意：约翰的母亲36岁。

根据短文内容，可知没有提到约翰的母亲年龄，故答案为错误。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

6．阅读理解阅读对话，判断正误。

Mary: What can you do at home, Lisa?
Lisa: I can clean the windows and make the bed. What about you, Tom?
Tom: I can cook the meal and water the flowers. Can you sweep the floor?
Lisa: Yes, of course. I often help my mom sweep the floor.
Mary: No, I can't. But I can do the dishes and wash the clothes.
Tom: We are all helpful at home.
（1）Lisa can clean the windows, make the bed and sweep the floor.
（2）Tom can do the dishes.
（3）Lisa can't sweep the floor.
（4）Mary can't sweep the floor.
（5）Mary can do the dishes and wash the clothes.
（6）Mary, Lisa and Tom are all helpful at home.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
（6）1
【解析】【分析】大意：玛丽，丽莎和汤姆谈论在家会做一些事情。

（1）句意：丽莎会擦窗户、铺床和扫地。

根据 Lisa: I can clean the windows and make the bed. I often help my mom sweep the floor. 可知丽莎会擦窗户、铺床和扫地。

故答案为正确。

（2）句意：汤姆会洗碗。

根据I can cook the meal and water the flowers. 可知汤姆不会洗碗。

故答案为错误。

（3）句意：丽莎不会扫地。

根据 I often help my mom sweep the floor. 可知丽莎会扫地。

故答案为错误。

（4）句意：玛丽不会扫地。

根据 Mary: No, I can't. 可知玛丽不会扫地。

故答案为正确。

（5）句意：玛丽会洗碗和洗衣服。

根据 But I can do the dishes and wash the clothes. 可知玛丽会洗碗和洗衣服。

故答案为正确。

（6）句意：玛丽、丽莎和汤姆在家里都很有帮助。

根据 Tom: We are all helpful at home. 可知玛丽、丽莎和汤姆在家里都很有帮助。

故答案为正确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译对话，然后根据对话内容，判断句子正确或错误。