2021-2022学年北京市房山区高二上学期期末英语试题

2021-2022学年北京市房山区高二上学期期末英语试题
1. It was my first time skiing and I had been persuaded to come along with a group of friends. I was wondering whether I had made a ________ by joining them, because they all had at least some
________ of skiing in the past while I had never even had a single skiing lesson.
We arrived at our destination in the afternoon and my lessons didn’t start until the following morning. There was no way I was going to stay behind and ________ everyone else go out to enjoy the skiing without me, so I grabbed my stuff and ________ out with them. Harriet, a member of our group, took pity on me and offered to pair up, giving me some ________ on how to get started.
For all of about ten metres, I fell to the ground in shame. Again to my feet, again to the floor. And so the situation continued until finally, just once, I caught my ________ and I was away. I daren’t move anything for fear that my run would come to an untimely end. From a few feet behind, Harriet was shouting something encouraging, trying not to ski past me and ruin my moment of ________. I only covered a tiny distance, but it felt ________.
With proper instructions, I improved quickly. Harriet was a really ________ teacher and I had a good experience. Winter is coming again. I can’t wait to head ________ to the ski resort.
1.
A．mistake B．deal C．promise D．contribution
2.
A．ambition B．assistance C．pressure D．experience
3.
A．suggest B．watch C．help D．order
4.
A．broke B．called C．went D．checked
5.
A．tips B．reasons C．comments D．gifts
6.
A．tear B．balance C．coat D．idea
7.
A．accident B．creativity C．victory D．wildness
8.
A．amazing B．boring C．disappointing D．relaxing
9.
A．confident B．funny C．strange D．patient
10.
A．bitterly B．curiously C．excitedly D．nervously
2. 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist, 1 large sculptures are on display all over the world. One way for him to find inspiration is thinking about his children’s toys. These 2 (object) have given him ideas for his animal sculptures, such as the famous Rubber Duck. A more recent work of his is the huge Floating Fish, 3 was set among the beautiful landscape of Wuzhen West Scenic Zone.
3. 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The young man in question, Charles Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals. He 1 (leave) England on the ship, the Beagle, in 1831. The journey gave him the chance 2 (study) various living things in their natural environments. After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he 3 (collect). As he studied these, he asked 4 (he) the question: how did different species come to exist?
4. 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

In most countries, 1 (turn) 18 marks the start of adulthood. But what does reaching this milestone, the age of majority, really mean? Will you be 2 (complete) in charge of your own life and able to express yourself in new and exciting ways? What new responsibilities will it bring? Some young people have begun to feel more aware of other people and to develop a 3 (strong) sense of social responsibilities than before.
5. Peru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.
Amazon Rainforest Tour
A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest.
Machu Picchu Tour
This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu. After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.
Cusco Tour
Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets.
Lake Titicaca Tour
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca. There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake.
So come and experience what Peru has to offer: everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries — old Spanish villages to deep rainforests, high mountains, and a beautiful coastline.
1. What is special about the Machu Picchu Tour?
A．People can explore the rainforest with a local guide.
B．People can stay with a local Uros family on an island.
C．People can enjoy the plants and animals unique to the forest.
D．People can know about the Incas’ dry stone method of building.
2. Which tour would you recommend to people who enjoy local Indian culture?
A．Amazon Rainforest Tour. B．Machu Picchu Tour.
C．Cusco Tour. D．Lake Titicaca Tour.
3. Where can you most probably read the passage?
A．On a science website. B．In a travel brochure.
C．In an environmental report. D．In a biology magazine.
6. The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the grassland in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes.
Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them move slowly across the green grass. I’m struck by their beauty. I’m also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur.
My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Rcserve. It covers an arca of about 120,000 square miles. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We’re not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we’re trying to save ourselves.”
The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make money. Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me. Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
1. Why did the writer visit Tibet?
A．To watch the Tibetan antelopes. B．To go on a short hike from camp.
C．To see the snow-covered mountains. D．To visit their friend Zhaxi in Changtang. 2. What happened to the Tibetan antelopes in the 1980s and 1990s?
A．Their habitats disappeared. B．They were attacked by other animals.
C．They were shot by hunters for money. D．Their population dropped by less than 50
percent.
3. What can we know about the Changtang National Nature Reserve?
A．It was built by volunteers and villagers.
B．Its protection programmes have been stopped.
C．It was founded to protect the wildlife that live there.
D．Its antelopes are on the list of endangered species now.
4. What does the author intend to tell us?
A．The importance of a good lifestyle.
B．Protecting wildlife is protecting ourselves.
C．Changtang is the best place to observe Tibetan antelopes.
D．More volunteers are needed to keep the antelopes from attacks.
7. Bees have been around for over 100 million years, and in that time they have been found in almost every part of the world. There are over 20,000 species of bees. Some bees look very different to the yellow-and-black bees we’re familiar with.
Bees are important to human survival, but due to climate change and habitat destruction, their numbers are in decline. It’s a sad fact that these wonderfully adaptive insects, who’ve survived a
whole host of changes since they first appeared on our planet, are now under serious threat. With around one-third of bee species in decline, it’s a critical time for us to do everything we can to support them.
It’s easy to see why the loss of bees would be catastrophic —we couldn’t survive without pollinators (传粉者) — but their extinction would have an impact well beyond their role in providing the food we eat. If a bee species dies out, the plants and trees that depend on it are affected too; in turn, the creatures who feed or live on those plants are affected and so on up the food chain.
While it may seem that we can’t do much as individuals to deal with some of these bigger issues, we can certainly work together with others to raise awareness about them and bring about change. If you’re passionate about bees, spread love. Share your knowledge — fascinating facts and a few scary statistics — and see if you can encourage your friends and family to become bee-friendly too. You could engage in a little positive bee project: explain that most bees don’t sting people, for example, or that honeybees in a swarm are simply looking for a new place to nest, they’re not out to attack.
Some environmental protection organizations and other charities are working hard to raise awareness of the problems bees are facing. Supporting these groups is one way of helping bees —through raising funds, following them on social media and sharing campaign details. Search information all you can about bees in your area to see what factors are affecting them locally, and look out for action groups to see if a plan is in place to help.
1. What can we learn from the passage?
A．Most bees in a swarm will attack people.
B．About half of the planet’s bee species are declining.
C．There are over 20,000 species of yellow-and-black bees.
D．Some creatures can be affected if a bee species dies out.
2. What does the underlined word “catastrophic” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Limited. B．Effective. C．Renewable. D．Harmful.
3. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A．To call on people to help save bees. B．To share knowledge of beekeeping.
C．To introduce a bee-friendly project. D．To stress the impact of climate change. 8. The mangrove tree might not look very impressive, but it is an essential part of our ecosystem. However, more than half of the mangrove forests have been destroyed in the past century. Several World Heritage Sites have been listed largely because of their mangrove ecosystems. Among them are the Sundarbans across India and Bangladesh, the Everglades National Park in the US, and the Great Barrier Reef in Australia.
Being a World Heritage Site requires for the mangroves to be protected. However, one country in Asia has gone further by having a five-year program to protect and conserve all their mangroves.
They even have a mangrove museum and observe World Mangrove Day. This country is Sri Lanka. Why are mangrove trees so important to Sri Lanka and to other countries where mangroves grow?
The mangrove tree grows along coastal saltwater shorelines. They have adapted to the harsh coastal weather and have deep roots. This means that they are strong and cannot be easily removed. In countries where natural disasters such as tsunamis and cyclones occur, the forests provide protection. The villages in Sri Lanka with full mangrove forests have suffered less damage when hit by these natural disasters. The reason is that the mangroves break up the force and strength of the waves.
The mangroves also quickly absorb carbon dioxide and send oxygen into the atmosphere. This makes them an important part of the fight against climate change. They absorb far more carbon dioxide than other types of forest, and store it in their structure and even in the soil. This is important as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is believed to be a cause of detrimental changes in the weather, such as global warming.
The strong roots also provide protection for young fish as they grow. With the oceans around the world being overfished, it is important to maintain the ecological balance in the oceans. For Sri Lanka, one of the threats to the mangrove forests is the shrimp farms being set up. To build saltwater ponds for the shrimps, the mangroves are cut down. This has resulted in fewer fish surviving among the mangrove roots and fewer fish being caught by the fishermen. The local fishing communities noticed that they were losing money and it made them aware of how important the mangroves were. They are now helping to conserve the forests.
Sri Lanka is showing that a nation can preserve all of its mangroves. The conservation model they have can be used by other countries. It might take many years of planning, but the benefits of saving mangroves definitely outweigh the costs.
1. What do we know about the mangrove trees from the passage?
A．They are mainly grown in Australia.
B．They can prevent young fish from growing.
C．They have been damaged by natural disasters.
D．They are less impressive but important to the ecosystem.
2. What has been done in Sri Lanka to protect mangroves?
A．A world mangrove festival has been founded.
B．Saltwater ponds for the shrimps have been set up.
C．A 5-year mangroves protecting program has been started.
D．More mangroves along the coastal areas have been grown.
3. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A．The mangroves can keep the ecological balance in the oceans.
B．The mangroves are essential for fighting against climate change.
C．The mangroves have deep roots and hold the soil in place firmly.
D．The mangroves can break up the force and strength of the waves.
4. What is the author’s attitude towards the future conservation of mangroves?
A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
9. A lot of people think that they are not good at learning a new language. 1
Good language learners look for opportunities to hear and use the new language outside of the classroom on a daily basis and consequently learn the language more quickly. 2 For instance, they can talk to salesmen, join sports clubs, or even talk to people in coffee stores. They might read newspapers and magazines in that language, watch movies, listen to podcasts, or join chat rooms. All of these are great opportunities to practice and can also be fun.
In addition, good language learners try different ways to make their message understood. For example, if they do not know the word for “laundromat,” they might say “the place where you can wash clothes.” 3 The point is that good language learners are creative and do not easily give up.
Finally, good language learners are prepared to take risks. 4 As a result, instead of being embarrassed by a mistake or getting frustrated when they do not understand, they see it as gaining a learning opportunity. For example, if they do not understand what someone said the first time, they are not afraid to ask them to repeat it again and again until they do understand. Or, if someone corrects their vocabulary or grammar, they try to remember instead of becoming shy about speaking.
5 It cannot be done in just a few months. Hopefully, these methods will help you be a good and confident language learner in the long run.
Chinese Fancy Knots, also called Chinese knots, refer to the traditional decorative knots in Chinese culture. They began as a form of folk art in the Tang and Song Dynasties in China. And they became popular in the Ming Dynasty. Now they are taken as one of the most representative symbols of Chinese culture and regarded as popular gifts for foreign friends.
As for the name itself, it is definitely meaningful. The Chinese character for “knot”, jie, means “connection” “combination”. It is associated with a wide range of cultural concepts — marriage, brotherhood, friendship, unity, reunion, etc. Meanwhile, the pronunciation of the Chinese character jie is very close to that of ji, “good luck”. As a result, Chinese knots perfectly serve as a way to express people’s strong wishes for good things like joy, love and good luck.
Besides, the knots, widely existing in the everyday life of the Chinese, come in various sizes. Small ones are attached to jewellery, clothes, gift-wrapping and furniture in order to attract people’s attention, while large ones are applied like fine paintings or photographs to decorate a living room or study.
In addition to their varied sizes and styles, Chinese knots are famous for their bright colors. Each knot is made of a single string of cotton, silk, gold or silver, and named according to its shape and meaning. But the colors of the strings are rich and have various traditional cultural meanings. Among the most commonly used base colors, red symbolizes good luck and happiness, green means health and harmony, and yellow, which was once known as the emperor’s color, may represent wealth and honour.
In brief, the famous Chinese fancy knots fully reflect the depth of Chinese culture.
1. When did Chinese knots start as a form of folk art?
________________
2. According to the passage, what do Chinese knots express?
________________
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Chinese knots come in different sizes, styles, and each knot is made of several strings.
________________
4. Besides Chinese knots, what would you like to choose as a gift representing Chinese culture for a foreign friend? Why? (In about 40 words)
________________
11. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。

你校将在3月举行主题为“My Green Action”的线上英语演讲比赛, 请给你校外教老师Jim写封邮件，邀请他担任评委。

内容包括:
1.演讲比赛的时间、举行方式；
2.介绍活动的主要安排；
3.询问对方的意向。

注意:1．词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________
Yours,
Li Hua。