U校园新视野大学英语4读写教程答案(Unit 3 Being entrepreneurial)

U校园新视野大学英语4读写教程答案
Unit 3 Being entrepreneurial
Section A
3-2 Text A: Fred Smith and FedEx: The vision that changed the world
Pre-reading activities
Pre-reading activities-1
1) The man in the first picture is Steve Jobs, co-founder and former chairman and CEO of Apple Inc., an American multinational corporation that designs, develops and sells consumer electronics, computer software and personal computers.
2) The man in the second picture is Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, the world's largest social networking website.
3) The men in the third picture are Larry Page and Sergey Brin, co-founders of Google Inc., a popular American search engine company.
1) Yes, I use their products quite often. For example,
I use the Google website to search information; I use various Apple electronics to work, play and socialize. Their products bring my life lots of convenience. I don't have to go to the library to search for information or gather materials; I can work and check emails anywhere while having an iPhone or personal computer with me. I can chat with my friends anytime I like through some social networking websites as well.
Pre-reading activities-2
1) To me, successful entrepreneurs have many personality traits in common, such as strong leadership qualities, high motivation, great determination, willingness to fail, competitive spirit, budget-mindedness, etc.
2) Yes, I think success does make a person change in some way. After a person achieves an important goal in his life, he would usually feel differently about himself, and he would also be treated differently by others. His priorities in life would also change. All
these can contribute to the changes of the person gradually. No, I don't think so. I think one's personal qualities and character, as well as his moral values and principles, are developed when he is young. They will always be in effect no matter how successful the person becomes. Success only reveals who the person has been.
Reading comprehension
Reading comprehension-1
1) FedEx is mainly committed to door-to-door package delivery within 24 hours via efficient air transportation.
2) Smith's childhood experiences of suffering from
a disease and being bullied by others built him a strong character, which contributed a lot to his business success later in life.
3) He operated a crop-duster at the age of 15, and revived the Yale flying club while in college. He also administrated the club's business and ran a small charter operation in New Haven. He served in the
Marines during the Vietnam War and flew more than 200 missions.
4) He drafted a plan for a transportation company that would provide express delivery service sending small and time-sensitive goods to major US regions overnight. The professor wasn't impressed by the idea and regarded it as impractical.
5) He learned the idea of leadership, later, after he had his own business, he believed that good leadership is also greatly important to the success of a company.
6) To show that FedEx is so successful that the name itself defines and represents express delivery. 7) There are three key elements: an appealing product or service, an efficient management system, good leadership.
8) His great concern for his employees illustrates his P-S-P philosophy (People, Service, Profit), with people put at an equally important place as service and profit of the company.
Reading comprehension-2
1) There are several reasons:
People can enjoy rapid delivery of packages. Packages are delivered directly to the receivers in person.
Timely delivery service is provided, especially for urgent packages.
There are fewer and fewer restrictions on the items to be delivered now.
2) To me, the challenges faced by the express delivery services in China include:
highly effective transportation system not yet established;
relatively expensive transportation fees; compensation system for loss or damage of packages not yet completed.
3) When faced with negative experiences in my life,
I often:
psychologically accept negative experiences as a process of learning;
treat them as chances to overcome my weaknesses; improve my ability to make the best of every experience, including negative ones.
4) Yes, I will consider starting my own business. Because:
I don't want to try hard to find a job, but often in vain.
I can control my own life and do something I really like.
I can follow my passion and challenge myself.
I can choose the people I work with.
I can get things done faster, and find work life balance more easily.
I will get a strong sense of achievement for building something of my own.
No, I will still try to look for a job. Because: I don't want to take risks. I prefer a stable life.
I want to live an easier life rather than devote all my time and energy to managing a business.
I don't have the money and courage to start a business.
I don't have the qualities required to be a successful entrepreneur.
5) Leadership ability.
Strategic plans.
An efficient production and management system. Well-motivated employees.
High-quality products.
Great marketing and customer services.
Innovative spirit.
3-3 Text A: Language focus Words in use
1. exquisite
2. dispersed
3. decentralized,decentralised
4. deduce
5. fixture
6. frugality
7. administrate
8. disjointed
9. Reviving
10. elapse
Words building: Practice Words building: Practice-1
1) punctuality
2) purity
3) scarcity
4) seniority
5) sensitivity
6) solemnity
7) specialty
8) superiority
9) validity
10) visibility
11) reassure
12) restructure
Words building: Practice-2
1. seniority
2. purity
3. specialties
4. reassure
5. scarcity
6. punctuality
7. sensitivity
8. restructuring
9. superiority
10. validity
11. visibility
12. solemnity Banked cloze
1) frequently
2) immersed
3) disrupted
4) stress
5) sphere
6) challenges
7) quantify
8) financial
9) administrate
10) addiction Expressions in use
1) held
2) in high regard
3) In the interim
4) was onto something
5) in turn
6) from time to time
7) pick on
8) take a stab at
9) boil down to
3-4 Structure analysis & writing
Structured writing: Practice
参考：Alexander Fleming, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Medicine, is best-known for his discovery of penicillin in 1928. A diligent researcher, Fleming had big dreams and the determination, spirit, and enthusiasm to realize them.
Alexander Fleming was born on August 6, 1881 in Scotland. When he was young, he did well in school and earned a two-year scholarship to Kilmarnock Academy. In 1903, the young Alexander enrolled at St Mary's Hospital Medical School. He graduated with MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) from the school with distinction in 1906.
Fleming's interest was not just limited to laboratory work. He had zest and love for life, creative power and a warm heart. Since 1900, he had been a private (二等兵) in the London Scottish Regiment and served throughout World War I as a captain in the Royal Army
Medical Corps. It was his experience of witnessing many soldiers dying from infected wounds during the war that enhanced his determination to find a cure. Following World War I, Fleming actively searched for anti-bacterial agents. In an article he submitted for the medical journal The Lancet, Fleming explained why antiseptics (抗菌剂) were killing more soldiers than infection itself. He suggested that antiseptics be abandoned in practice. But despite his findings, most army physicians continued to use antiseptics even though this worsened the condition of the patients. Fleming was angry about this, but he knew he had to find something really effective. A cautious attitude toward life made him highly responsible for his obligations and duties.
On September 3, 1928, when Fleming returned to his laboratory, he noticed that one sample from his earlier experiment was contaminated with a fungus, and the bacteria surrounded by it had been destroyed. Fleming then grew the mould separately and found that it produced a substance that killed a number of
disease-causing bacteria. This substance was later named "Penicillin". Its discovery has saved and is still saving millions of lives around the world. Fleming changed the world of modern medicine by introducing the age of useful antibiotics. In 1999, he was named by Time magazine as one of the "100 Most Important People of the 20th Century". He was memorized not only for his great discovery, but also for his determination in work and his love for life. 3-5 Translation
Translation
Translation-1
参考：近年来，随着计算机科学和互联网技术的发展，社交网络服务（SNS）已经成为人们构建社交网络和社会关系的一个广受欢迎的平台。

SNS是基于网页的服务，允许个人创建面向公众的个人简介，创建用户名单以分享社会联系，并对系统内的关系网进行浏览和交叉连接。

社交网站多种多样，可整合各种新的信息及通讯工具，并允许用户跟网络中的其他人分享观点、图片、帖子、活动、事件以及兴趣爱好等。

SNS已通过各种方式影响到人们的社会
生活以及社交活动。

随着各种移动设备对SNS访问的实现，只要能连接上互联网，用户在世界上的任何地方都能一直与朋友、亲戚及其他认识的人保持联络。

SNS还可让拥有相同兴趣和信念的人通过群组或其他页面建立联系，同时，由于其网络分布广阔，还能让失散的家庭成员或朋友重新团聚，这点早已为人所知。

Translation-2
参考：In recent years, with the rapid development of Internet technology, the Internet economy has become a hot issue. As represented by the promising E-commerce, the Internet economy has become a strong driving force for the economic development. Our government attaches great importance to developing the Internet economy and proposes the concept of "Internet Plus", aiming to integrate Internet with other industries, such as health care, transportation, education, finance, and public service. This will create great potential and broad prospects for the development of the Internet economy. With the implementation of the "Internet Plus" strategy, the Internet is certain to be integrated
with more traditional industries and help build "the upgraded version of the Chinese economy".
Section B
3-6 Reading skills
Practice
1) in 1953,1953
2) when Schultz was seven
3) in the ensuing months
4) in a 1983 visit to Milan,in a 1983 visit
5) in 1987,1987
6) at the age of 34
7) formerly
3-7 Text B: Building the dream of Starbucks Reading comprehension
Reading comprehension-1
1) A
2) D
3) C
4) B
5) B
6) A
7) C
8) D
Reading comprehension-2
1) Positive influences of poverty on one's life may include:
develop one's ability to face hardships in life; help one to build self-esteem;
strengthen one's will to do better;
build one's sympathy for the poor and weak.
2) No, the service model of Starbucks, to a large extent, doesn't fit our Chinese way of life. Broadly
speaking, we Chinese have a different pace of life, a different preference for drink, and a different social style.
Yes, the service model of Starbucks fits our way of life increasingly well. So far, China has implemented the open-door policy for several decades, and the Chinese way of life has been very much influenced by Western culture. Starbucks is very popular with Chinese people today, especially young people in big cities.
3) Yes, I agree. Because the idea puts an emphasis on:
the spirit of service;
the standard of service;
the goals of service;
the forms of service, etc.
No, I don't agree. Service can never be associated with art. The purpose of every businessman providing good service is to attract and retain customers. To
them, making profits is always the ultimate goal. The nobleness of art will be diminished when money is involved.
4) To me, there is a mutual relationship between the two:
Enterprises have social responsibilities to fulfill, and therefore, they should contribute to communities.
Communities should provide a friendly and safe environment for the growth of enterprises.
5) There should be mutual respect and trust between employers and employees.
Employers provide opportunities for employees, and employees make good use of the opportunities to exert their capabilities.
3-8 Text B: Language focus
Words in use
1. stimulus
2. magnitude
3. velocity
4. quota
5. stipulated
6. tease
7. eligible
8. premium
9. reminiscence
10. decree Expressions in use
1) be embedded in
2) a trace of
3) is critical to
4) adjacent to
5) beat
6) down
7) remains committed to
8) conceive of
9) be eligible for
Sentence structure
Sentence structure-1
1) Increased car-pooling could reduce transportation-related CO2 emissions by up to 7.4 percent, assuming that the majority of people who drive alone to work would participate.
2) School-based physical activities can positively influence childhood health, provided that the school focuses on improving the quality of physical education.
3) Suppose that the companies produce useful goods and stick to honest business practice, they can make positive contributions to society.
Sentence structure-2
1. he will never be confident enough to say NO to those bad kids who are fond of teasing him
2. I will never be old enough to stop laughing at funny words
3. Although I was never fortunate enough to meet your grandmother
3-9 Collocation
Practice
Practice-1
1) compelling
2) Instant
3) sturdy
4) measurable
5) decent
6) trim
Practice-2
1) instant
2) success
3) overwhelmingly
4) positive
5) outstanding
6) entrepreneurs
7) household
8) names
9) extremely
10) poor
11) low-income
12) family
13) rapid
14) expansion
15) extreme
16) frugality
17) harsh
18) memories
19) firmly
20) committed
21) crowning
22) success。