译林牛津版高一英语模块二Unit-3-Amazing-people-知识点讲解教案

模块二
Unit 3 Amazing people
重点单词
1. content n. 内容；目录adj. 满足的，甘心的vt. 满足
【常见搭配】
be content with 对……满意
be content to do sth. 满足于做……，甘心地做……
content n./ oneself with n. 以……使某人满足
【即时演练】
完成下列句子：
1. Martina ______________________________ a single glass of wine.
马蒂娜只喝一杯葡萄酒就心满意足了。

2. 老师对我们所做的感到满意。

The teacher __________ __________ __________ __________ we had done.
The teacher __________ __________ __________ __________ we had done.
The teacher __________ __________ __________ __________ we had done.
【答案】 1. contented herself with
2. was content with what; was satisfied with what; was happy with what
2. fortune n. U 运气，命运；U 幸运；C / U 财产，财富
fortunate adj. 幸运的，侥幸的
fortunately adv. 幸运地，侥幸地
【常见搭配】
have the good fortune to do sth. 幸运地做某事
seek one’s fortune 找出路，碰运气
try one’s fortune 碰运气
tell one’s fortune 给某人算命
make a fortune 发财
be fortunate in (doing) sth. 在某方面很幸运
be fortunate to do sth. 幸运地做……
It is fortunate that…… ……是幸运的
【即时演练】
A: 用常见搭配中的词组完成句子
1. He _______________________ by publishing a new book.
2. These two brothers decided to go to America to ______________________.
3. I _____________________________ meet Mike through my friends.
【答案】1. made a fortune 2. try/ seek their fortune 3. had the good fortune to
B: 单选
He was robbed last night, but ______ he didn’t have much on him then.
A. fortunately
B. eventually
C. certainly
D. surprisingly
【解析】句意：昨晚他被抢劫了，但幸运的是，他随身没带很多钱。

fortunately“幸运地”；eventually“最后”；certainly“确定地；当然地”；surprisingly“惊讶地”。

【答案】 A
3. curious adj. 好奇的
curiosity n. 好奇心
curiously adv. 好奇地
【常见搭配】
be curious about 对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth. 极想做某事
It is curious that … 奇怪的是
out of/ from curiosity 出于好奇
arouse one’s curiosity 引发某人好奇心
【即时演练】
A: 用常见搭配中的词组完成下列句子
1. He, together with other villagers, entered that room _____________.
2. He _____________ know whether the singer has something to do with the accident.
3. Children ________________ everything around them.
【答案】1. out of curiosity 2. is curious to 3. are curious about
B: 单选
（扬州江都区丁沟中学2014届高三10月月考）
—Jack has spent an hour in the shoe shop. Hasn’t he decided which shoes to buy?
—Maybe. He is ________ about his appearance.
A. special
B. curious
C. particular
D. serious
【解析】句意：“杰克已在鞋店逛了一个小时了。

他有没有决定买那双鞋了？”“也许。

他很注重他的外表的。

”be particular about“对……挑剔的”；be curious about“对……好奇的”；be serious about“对……认真的”。

【答案】C
4. requirement n. 必需（品）；必要条件
require vt. 需要；要求，命令
required adj. 必修的
【常见搭配】
require sth. 需要……
sth. requires doing / to be done 某物需要……
require that (should) + v 必须做/ 要求……
require sth. of sb. 要求某人……
require sb. to do sth.要求/命令某人做……
meet / satisfy one’s requirements 满足某人的需求
【名师点拨】
require后的宾语从句中，以及requirement后的同位语从句和表语从句中，谓语用“（should）+v”表示虚拟语气。

【即时演练】
A: 完成下列句子
1. _________________________, the design in that shop ___________________________.
为了满足客人的需求，那家商店的设计需要改进。

2. They ____________________________________ at the meeting.
= They __________________________________ at the meeting.
= They __________________________________ at the meeting.
他们要求我出席那会议。

3. They agreed to his requirement that he ______________________.
他们同意了他的要求，他应该被派到西部去。

【答案】1. To meet customers’ requirements; require improving/ to be improved
2. require my appearance; require me to appear; require that I (should) appear
3. (should) be sent to the west
B: 单选
It is required that the students _______ mobile phones in their school, so seldom _______
them using one.
A. don’t use; will you see
B. not use; will you see
C. mustn’t use; will you see
D. not use; you will see
【解析】句意：按照要求，学生在学校里不能用手机，因此你很少看到他们使用。

在it is required that后谓语部分用（should）+v.；seldom是否定词，放在句首时句中要用部分倒
装。

【答案】B
5. discourage vt. 使气馁，使沮丧；阻碍劝阻
discouragement n. 气馁，失望
discouraging adj. 令人沮丧的，使人打消念头的
【常见搭配】
discourage sb. 使某人气馁
be discouraged at/ by sth. 因……而气馁
discourage sb. from doing sth. 使某人打消做某事的念头
【即时演练】
A: 完成句子
1. We _________________________ the mountain without a guide.
我们设法劝他没有向导时不要去爬山。

2. Don’t ________________________. Try again. 勿因一次失败而气馁，再试试看。

【答案】1. tried to discourage him from climbing 2. let one failure discourage you
B: 单选
The weather _______ us _______ climbing the mountain.
A. discouraged; from
B. prevente d; for
C. discouraged ; into
D. stopped ; to
【解析】句意：天气打消了我们爬山的念头。

discourage sb. from doing “打消某人做某事的念头”；prevent sb. from doing “阻止某人做某事”；stop sb. from doing“阻止某人做某事”。

【答案】A
6. apply v 申请；贴，涂抹；适应；把……应用于……
application n. 适应，应用；申请；涂抹
applied adj. 适用的，应用的
apply (to sb.) for … （向某人）申请……
apply … to … 把……涂抹到……/ 把……用于……
apply oneself to 专心致力于……，专心从事……
make an application to … for … 向……申请……
【即时演练】
A: 完成句子
1. We should _______________________________________the experiment.
我们应该把我们课堂上所学的运用到这实验中去。

2. In order to pay for his tuition, he ____________________________________________.
为了支付他的学费，他向图书馆申请兼职工作。

【答案】1. apply what we have learned in class to
2. applied to the library for a part-time job/
made an application to the library for a part-time job
B: 单选
（山东师大附中2014届高三三模）
Whoever is new in the community will soon ______ to the new environment, as everybody here
is friendly and helpful.
A. apply
B. appeal
C. attach
D. adapt
【解析】句意：无论哪个新到这社区的人都会很快适应这新环境，因为这里的每个人都很友好、乐意助人的。

adapt“适应”；apply“申请”；appeal“呼吁”；attach“依附”。

【答案】D
7. breathe v 呼吸，喘气；吸入
breath n. 气息，呼吸；声息，气息
breathless adj. 无呼吸的；气喘吁吁的
breathe deeply 深呼吸
breath in/ out 吸/吐气
hold/ keep one’s breath 屏息
catch one’s breath/ take a breath 喘口气
lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
out of breath 喘不过气来
◆The beautiful valleys made me hold my breath. 那美丽山谷令我屏息。

◆So sometimes kids laugh at me when I get out of breath after running just a short way.
当我跑了很短的一段路之后，我就会喘不过气来，因此，有时小孩子们会笑话我。

【即时演练】
翻译句子：
他深吸了一口气，然后潜入水中，当他又浮上来时，已气喘吁吁。

He _____________________ and dived into the water, when he came to the surface again, he was ___________________.
【答案】took a deep breath; out of breath
8. disturb vt. 打扰，扰乱；使(某人)烦恼或不安
disturbing adj. 令人不安的，引起烦恼的
disturbed adj. 不幸的，心理不正常的，烦恼的，心烦意乱的
【常见搭配】
disturb sb.／sth.打扰某人／弄乱某物
It disturbs sb. to do sth. 干某事使某人不安
be disturbed by对……感到不安
【词义辨析】
disturb 指“打搅，打扰”，侧重于对某人动作或行为的干扰或干预，给别人带来较长时间的耽搁或不能专注于某事。

interrupt 指“中断，打断，打扰”，主要指对某人谈话或某一活动的打扰，使对方的活动暂停下来，或临时不能继续谈话。

◆Don’t disturb him when he is sleeping. 他睡觉的时候不要打搅他。

◆Don’t interrupt when others are talking. 别人讲话时不要打断。

【即时演练】
A: 完成句子
1. I ______________________________________. 我对这则令人不安的消息深感不安。

2. ____________________________ that she was missing him.
她意识到自己在想他，感到很不安。

【答案】1. was deeply disturbed by the disturbing piece of news
2. It disturbed her to realize
B: 单选
The mother opened the door quietly so as not to ______ the sleeping baby.
A. upset
B. interrupt
C. disturb
D. release
【解析】句意：母亲轻轻地打开门以致不打扰正在睡觉的孩子。

disturb“打扰”；upset “使……不安”；interrupt“打断”；release“解脱，释放”。

【答案】C
9. remain vi. 剩余；逗留；仍然；尚待
remaining adj. 剩下的
remains n. 残留物；遗迹
【常见搭配】
remain + (adv.) 剩下；留下
remain + (adj./ n./ adv.) 依然，仍然
remain to do 尚待，留待
【名师点拨】
1）remain不用进行时，也无被动语态。

2）remaining 作形容词，只作前置定语；而left“剩余的”只作后置定语。

【即时演练】
A: 完成句子
1. Many questions _______________________. 许多问题仍未解答。

2. Nothing __________________. 现在已经没什么好说的了。

3. ___________________________ he will pass. 他是否能通过考试仍不得而知。

【答案】 1. remain unanswered 2. remains to be said 3. It remains to be seen whether
B: 单选
（江苏无锡一中2013届高三开学检测）
With a large amount of work _____, the chief couldn’t spare time for a holiday.
A. remained being done
B. remaining to do
C. remained to be done
D. remaining to be done
【解析】句意：还有大量的工作要完成，这个主管抽不出时间去度假。

remain的不及物动词，故排除A、C两项；work与do之间是动宾关系，故选D。

【答案】D
10. inspire vt. 激励，鼓舞
inspiration n. 灵感
inspiring adj. 激励人心的，启发灵感的
inspired adj. 富有灵感的；受鼓舞的
【常见搭配】
inspire sb. 激励/鼓舞某人
inspire sb. to do sth. 激励/鼓舞某人做某事
be inspired by 受……激励/鼓舞
be inspired to do sth. 被激励/鼓舞做某事
draw inspiration from … 由……获取灵感
◆ Tom’s courage inspired his teammates and they finally finished the project successfully.
汤姆的勇气鼓舞了他的队友，他们最终成功地完成了这项目。

◆His speech inspired us to try our best to do our work.
他的演讲激励了我们尽我们全力做好工作。

【即时演练】
（江苏徐州2014届高三三模）
The writer revealed that the story was _____ by real life events, though the characters were fictional.
A. inspired
B. encouraged
C. motivated
D. promoted
【解析】句意：这个作家透露这个故事是由真实的生活事件产生灵感的，尽管主人公是虚构的。

inspire“激励，鼓舞”；encourage“鼓励”；motivate“激发，刺激”；promote“提升”。

【答案】A
11. manage vi. 设法维持下去vt. 处理，支配，管理，经营，运用，操纵
【常见搭配】
manage +n. /pron. 设法得到／做到，拿得动，吃得下
manage to do sth. =succeed in doing sth. 设法做成某事
◆I have to manage with 10 dollars till payday. 我必须用10块钱支撑到发薪日。

◆She doesn’t know how to manage her naughty children.
她不知道怎样管好自己顽皮的孩子。

◆How did you manage to get their approval? 你怎么得到他们的同意的?
【词义辨析】
manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”，不定式动词所示动作一定完成。

try to do sth.“试图或努力做某事”，不定式动词所示动作不一定完成。

◆He had such a great deal of work to do, but somehow he managed.
他手头的工作实在太多，但不管怎样他还是顶下来了。

◆He tried to get the car started, but in vain. 他想把车发动起来，但是白费劲。

【即时演练】
（杭州西湖高级中学2013届高三8月开学考试）The rescuing soldiers in the helicopters ______ to land on that earthquake-stricken area, but failed again and again.
A. pretended
B. succeeded
C. managed
D. attempted
【解析】句意：直升机里的营救士兵尝试降落在地震受灾地区，但是一次又一次失败了。

attempt to do sth.“尝试做某事”；pretend to do sth.“假装做某事”；succeed in doing sth. = manage to do sth. “成功地做成某事”。

【答案】D
重要短语
1. come across
1)（偶然）遇见；碰上等同于run into，run across，meet sb. by chance
◆While walking in the street of Paris, I should come across one of my old friends.
在巴黎的街头行走时，我竟然碰见了一位老朋友。

2) （感觉，想法等）被表达清楚
◆The teacher spoke for a long time, but his meaning did not come across.
他讲了很长时间，但他的意思没有表达清楚。

【相关拓展】
come about 发生come true 实现come on 快点；振作起来
come out 出版come up with 想出，提出
【即时演练】
(2011安徽卷) If you _____faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A. come across
B. care about
C. look for
D. focus upon
【解析】句意：如果你偶然发现了缺陷，但是你仍然想买那辆自行车的话，你可要让商店售货员减价。

come across“偶然发现”；care about“关心”；look for“寻找”；focus upon“集中……于”。

【答案】A
2. result in 导致，结果
= contribute to = lead to = cause 结果、导致、引起，后常跟表示结果或成果的名词。

◆The accident resulted in/led to/ cause three deaths. 那场事故造成三人死亡。

【相关拓展】
result from 由……引起；源自
as a result of 因为，由于……
as a result 结果
in the result结果是
without result徒劳
【名师点拨】
1)as a result只作状语，其后出现结果。

2)as a result of后接名词、代词、动名词及what引导的宾语从句。

3)result in相当于lead to，主语是因，宾语是果。

4)result from相当于lie in，主语是果，宾语是因。

【即时演练】
A: 用常见搭配中的词组完成句子
1. Many animals died _______________ pollution from factories and cars.
2. He didn’t study hard enough,____________, he failed to pass the exam.
3. Such diseases often _______________ eating too much.
【答案】1. as a result of 2. as a result 3. result from
B: 单选
（浙江奉化二中2014届高三上学期期中考试）
True happiness does not ________ the possession of money, but the joy of achievement.
A. contribute to
B. lie in
C. result in
D. add to
【解析】句意：真正的幸福不是拥有钱，而是成功的喜悦感。

lie in“在于”；contribute to“有助于”；result in“导致”；add to“增加”。

【答案】B
3. as well as不但……而且；和……一样；和；也
1)as well as是并列连词，意为“不仅……而且……，既……又……；除……之外”，用于连接两个并列的成分。

◆They sell books as well as magazines. 他们既卖杂志又卖书。

2)A as well as B的意思是“不但B，而且A”，其重点在前者，而不在后者，而not only
A but also B则强调后者，意为“不但A，而且B”。

◆The teacher, as well as the students, wishes for a holiday.
不但学生，而且老师也希望放假。

◆Not only the teacher but also the students wish for a holiday.
不但老师，而且学生也希望放假。

3)as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时，句子的谓语动词应与前面的那个名词或代词保持一致。

◆English, as well as Chinese and maths, is of great importance.
同语文和数学一样，英语很重要。

4)as well as连接两个不定式时，后面的不定式符号to可以省略。

◆We expect her to do the housework as well as look after the children.
我们希望她既做家务又照看孩子。

5)as well as之后若连接动词，则要用动名词。

◆As well as being a pop star, Liu Huan teaches at a well known university.
除是一名歌星外，刘欢还在一所知名大学任教。

6)as well as起连词作用，而as well起副词作用，一般置于句末，相当于too或also。

◆He gave me advice and money as well. 他给我忠告并给我钱。

【即时演练】
1) (2012陕西卷)The basketball coach, as well as his team, ______ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
A. were
B. was
C. is
D. are
2）（福建龙岩市2014届高三第一次质检）
Each day is a gift，and _______my eyes open，I’ll focus on the new day and all the happy
memories I’ve stored away．
A．as well as B．as long as C．as much as D. as far as
【解析】1. 句意：这篮球队教练以及他的球队，由于他们的出色表现，在比赛一结束就接受了采访。

as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词应根据as well as前的主语来定。

根据句意，应用过去时。

2. 句意：每天都是一个礼物，只要我睁开眼，我会注重新的一天以及我所储存的一切美好记忆。

as long as“只要”；as well as“也；不但……而且……”；as much as“和……一样多”；as far as“远到……”。

【答案】1. B 2. B
4. pay off及物：偿清；还清
不及物：成功，带来好结果，行得通；是值得，没有白费
◆Only another six months and the house will be paid off.
只要再过6个月，房款就能全部还清。

◆They took a hell of risk but it paid off. 他们冒了很大的风险，但事情成功了。

◆All those weeks of studying will pay off when you take the exam.
所有那几周的学习会在考试时见成效。

【相关拓展】
pay back 偿还，报复
pay for付钱；为某事吃苦或受惩罚
pay the price付出代价
【即时演练】
(2012安徽卷)The athlete’s years of hard training _______ when she finally won the Olympic
gold medal.
A. went on
B. got through
C. paid off
D. ended up
【解析】句意：当她最终赢得奥运金牌时，这运动员多年的艰苦训练没有白费。

pay
off“成功；没白费”；go on“继续”；get through“接通；通过”；end up“结束”。

【答案】C
5. look up to 尊敬
◆All his colleagues looked up to him as wise and courageous man.
他所有的同事都尊敬他，视他为聪明有胆量的人。

【相关拓展】
look down upon/ on 歧视，瞧不起
look up 向上看；查看；好转；拜访
look sb. up and down 上下大量某人
look through 通过……看；翻阅……
look out 往外看；小心
look into 注视……的内部；检查
【即时演练】
No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone ________ you wishing they were that high.
A. getting rid of
B. getting along with
C. looking up to
D. looking down upon
【解析】句意：不管你多么看低自己，总有敬重你的人希望他们也（像你一样）那么高尚。

look up to“尊重，敬仰”；get rid of“摆脱”；get along with“与……相处”；look down upon“轻视，瞧不起”。

【答案】C
句型解剖
1. If breathed in, they can result in illness or even death.
如果这些病毒被人体吸入，它们就可能导致疾病甚至死亡。

if breathed in是状语从句的省略，补充完整应是：If they are breathed in。

1)英语中，有些表示条件(if／unless)、时间(when／as／while／once)、方式或让步(as
if／though)等的状语从句，如果谓语含有动词be，且主语又和主句中的主语一致，常把状语从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是动词be)省略。

◆When offered help, one often says “Thank you” or “It’s kind of you”.
当受到帮助时，人们常说“谢谢你”或“你太好了”。

◆When hearing the news, he burst into tears. 当听到这个消息时，他突然哭了起来。

2)当从句中的主语是it，谓语动词又含有系动词be时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。

◆Unless (it is) necessary, you’d better not refer to the dictionary.
除非有必要，否则不要查字典。

◆If (it is) possible, we will pay a visit to the professor.
如果有可能，我们会去拜访那个教授。

【即时演练】
If _______ to make a decision, I would prefer to stay at home rather than travel abroad during the holiday.
A. ask
B. asking
C. asked
D. to ask
【解析】句意：如果被要求做出决定，在假期里我宁愿待在家里而不愿出国旅游。

If后省略了I am，ask与I之间是被动关系，故用asked。

【答案】C
2. What is certain, though, is that “the curse of the mummy” remains a riddle to this day.
但有一点可以肯定的是，“木乃伊的诅咒”至今仍是个谜。

1)What is certain在句中作主语，在这个主语从句中，由于缺少主语，所以用what；如主语从句中不缺成分，则用that引导，且that一般不省略。

◆What caused the accident was a man lying on the ground.
引起这次事故的是一个躺在地上的人。

◆What made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
使这所学校引以为豪的是百分之九十多的学生已考入重点大学。

2)that引导的从句在这里为表语从句，that一般不省略。

◆The trouble is that I have never done the work before.
麻烦在于我以前从未干过这项工作。

【即时演练】
（2011北京卷）______ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
A. Which
B. What
C. That
D. Whom
【解析】句意：Barbara Jones所提供给她粉丝的是诚实和幸福。

由句中的is可知其前
面的句子是主语从句，而该从句中缺offer sth. to sb.的宾语，故用what。

【答案】B
3. Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China’s first astronaut.
虽然杨利伟并非每项测试都得了最高分，但他各项心理测试所得的高分最终为他赢得了中国首位宇航员的身份。

本句使用了强调句，强调主语his high scores on the psychological tests。

强调句中被强调的部分一般是主语、表语、宾语、状语等，其基本结构为：It is/ was + 被强调部分+that +其它成分。

◆It was his teacher that/ who gave him a hand when he was in trouble.
是他的老师在他困难时帮助了他。

◆It was in Guangzhou that the 16th Asian Games was held.
第十六届亚运会是在广州举行的。

【名师点拨】
1）辨别强调句的方法：把It is/ was及所要填的连词去除，如剩下部分为完整的句型结构时，此句为强调句。

2）当被强调部分指人时，that可换为who。

3）强调句的一般疑问句式和特殊疑问句式分别为：
Is/ Was it +被强调部分+that +其它成分?
疑问代词/ 疑问副词+ is/ was +it +that +其它成分?
【即时演练】
1）（2011湖南卷）It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives but what we do consistently.
A. which
B. that
C. how
D. when
2）It was the professor _____ our headmaster invited from abroad ______ inspired students with his experiences.
A. what; that
B. that; which
C. whom; that
D. that; what
【解析】
1. 句意：决定我们生活的东西不是我们偶尔所做的事情而是那些我们自始至终所做的事情。

本句强调句子的主语，原句应为：Not what we do once in a while but what we do consistently shapes our lives. 故用that。

2. 句意：我们校长从国外邀请来的那个教授用他的经历鼓舞了学生。

句中our headmaster invited from abroad是定语从句修饰professor；It was 引导强调句，强调主语the professor，故第二空用that。

【答案】1. B 2. C。