精品解析：河南省2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题(解析版)

2020－2021学年(上)高一年级期末考试
英语
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。

从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt?
A.￡19.15.
B.￡9.18.
C.￡9.15.
答案是C。

1. What is the weather like now?
A. Rainy.
B. Cloudy.
C. Sunny.
2. What can we learn from the conversation
A. John won’t be back this evening.
B. The woman speaker has lent John her bicycle.
C. The man speaker will ask John to be back quickly.
3.How does t成man feel about his driving to work?
A. He feels that it’s not bad.
B. The distance is a little long.
C. It takes him too much time.
4. What’s wrong with the radio?
A. It can’t be turned on.
B. It can’t be turned off.
C. It doesn’t work.
5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. At a cinema.
B. At a restaurant.
C. At a hotel.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What kind of room does the man want?
A. A double room.
B. A single room.
C. A quiet room.
7. When will the man leave the hotel?
A. On July 15th.
B. On June 14th.
C. On June 15th.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. What did the man put up on the wall yesterday?
A. A picture he took.
B. A picture drawn by himself.
C. A picture of him taken last year.
9. What kind of pictures does the man like?
A. The daily life pictures.
B. The pictures taken by others.
C. The pictures prepared for cameras.
10. How many cameras does the man have?
A. Twelve.
B. Ten.
C. Two.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. Where are the speakers probably?
A. In an office.
B. At an railway station
C. At an airport.
12. How many cities did the woman visit in China?
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 4.
13. What is the man probably?
A. A reporter.
B. A scientist.
C. A guide.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14. Where will the man go?
A. To London.
B. To New York.
C. To Sydney.
15. When will the man leave?
A. On Friday night.
B. On Sunday morning.
C. On Saturday morning.
16. How long will the flight last?
A. Nearly 2 hours.
B. Nearly 3 hours.
C. Nearly 4 hours.
17. Why does the man take the trip?
A. For a visit.
B. On holiday.
C. On business.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. What does the story told by the speaker mean?
A. Humans are powerful.
B. Language is created by God.
C. Communication is very important.
19. What does the speaker regard foreign languages as?
A. Tools.
B. Knowledge.
C. Skills.
20. How will the speaker teach?
A. Through written tests.
B. Through conversations.
C. Through stories.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
While you’re reading this, we will lose about 25 football fields of rainforest. Every tree that falls results in great damage to the biodiversity(生物多样性)that supports wildlife including tiny frogs and our own relative, the orangutan(猩猩).
It’s up to all of us to do what we can if we are to make sure biodiversity is protected. We invite you to take par t in a BIG challenge.
When: March 2021.
Where: Kinabalu National Park, Borneo.
Who: Cheshire business leaders and friends of the zoo, including CEO Dr Mark Pilgrim and Trustee Sandra Donnelly.
What: A run through the jungle of Borneo to raise money for Che ster Zoo’s reforestation(重新造林)work. Participants can choose to run 9km, 30km, 50km, 100km or 100 miles.
We know from our experts in the field that, reforestation is important to bring life back to the land, so we aim to raise money to support our reforestation work in Borneo. Our activities include tree-planting, wildlife monitoring and research and managing forest fires, and every bit of our work contribute to a healthy rainforest place where wildlife can develop.
By taking part in Race for the Rainforest and raising money for Chester Zoo, not only are you encouraging the reinvigoration(重振)of the precious biodiversity that would otherwise be lost, but you are supporting local communities and protecting our planet.
1. What does the author mainly want to tell us in paragraph 1?
A. Football fields can be built in rainforest.
B. Wildlife is very important to humans.
C. We may spend too much time reading the text.
D. Biodiversity needs to be protected immediately.
2. How can we take part in the big challenge?
A. By running a distance.
B. By asking others to give money.
C. By meeting business leaders.
D. By becoming a worker of the zoo.
3. What can we learn from the text?
A. The race can make a big difference.
B. Managing forest fires is key to reforestation.
C. Chester Zoo centers on looking after animals.
D. Enough attention has been paid to biodiversity.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。

介绍了一个为动物园募集资金，支持恢复生物多样性工作的丛林赛跑活动。

【详解】1.推理判断题。

根据第一段“While you’re reading this, we will lose about 25 football fields of rainforest. Every tree that falls results in great damage to the biodiversity(生物多样性)that supports wildlife including tiny frogs and our own relative, the orangutan(猩猩).”可知，当你读到这些的时候，我们将失去25个足球场的雨林。

每一棵倒下的树都会严重破坏生物多样性，而这些生物正是包括小青蛙和我们的近亲猩猩在内的野生动物赖以生存的物种。

可以推知，通过作者给我们展现的这么一个场景：读这篇文章的时间里我们就会失去有25个足球场面积那样大的一块雨林，这些雨林的失去造成了生物多样性的破坏。

作者想告诉我们的是：保护生物多样性刻不容缓。

选项D与文意相符，故选D。

2.细节理解题。

根据“What”部分中“A run through the jungle of Borneo to raise money for Chester Zoo’s reforestation(重新造林)work. ”可知，穿越婆罗洲丛林，为切斯特动物园的植树造林工程筹集资金。

可以推知，通过让人参与丛林赛跑活动，来为Chester动物园的重新造林工作募集资金。

选项A与文意相符，故选A。

3.推理判断题。

根据最后一段内容“By taking part in Race for the Rainforest and raising money for Chester Zoo, not only are you encouraging the reinvigoration(重振)of the precious biodiversity that would otherwise be lost, but you are supporting local communities and protecting our planet.”可知，通过参加热带雨林竞赛，为切斯特动物园筹集资金，你们不仅鼓励了珍贵的生物多样性的恢复，否则就会失去，而且你们支持了当地社区，保护了我们的星球。

由此推知，参与这次丛林赛跑活动意义重大。

选项A符合题意。

故选A。

B
Last Monday, to prepare a picnic, I decided to go into a superstore which was on my way home.
I parked my car in the big parking lot and went into the superstore. It was a huge one, spread onto 2 stories and 200, 000+sq-ft. After 45 minutes of shopping(which looked like a real escape game)to just get some tomatoes, cheese and 3 toothpicks, I arrived at the cashier line, thoughtful and a bit upset by the time I spent to get 5 articles. I wondered why I did not go to a small local store.
After 15 minutes of waiting in the line, the woman in front of me called me: "Heyyou only have 5 articles? Pass before me; I have many more articles than you!"
It wasn’t the first time it had happened to me. But her initiative(提议)was disarming, as well as was her smile.
She did not wear any mask, so I could see it. Not knowing what else to do, I accepted her offering. We chatted a bit waiting for the customers ahead of us to finish-she was very pleasant. Then I thanked her, giving her back my brightest smile although I was wearing a mask.
Getting back in my car, I rethought about that good moment, and realized that she made my day. In the meantime, I wondered how to give it back to her. No doubt it was quite impossible, so I considered how to pay-it-forward to someone else.
While driving, I realized that she saved me 10 minutes. And while I was driving at 70mph, I reduced my speed to 55 mph. The amount of fuel used dropped down by 35%.
As a result, I re-lost part of the 10 minutes that the woman offered me, but it was a way to repay her and do a small thing for the environment.
4. Why did the author regret shopping in the superstore?
A. She found the parking lot was full.
B. She thought the superstore was too crowded.
C. She spent too much time buying too few things.
D. She thought the articles there were too expensive.
5. How much t ime should the author have waited in the line at least if she hadn’t changed her place?
A. 15 minutes.
B. 70 minutes.
C. 60 minutes.
D. 25 minutes.
6. What does the underlined word "disarming" in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. A little too late.
B. Hard to accept.
C. Making people lose ability.
D. Making people feel less angry.
7. How did the author repay the woman?
A. By wasting 10 minutes.
B. By driving a little slower.
C. By paying it forward to someone else.
D. By asking others to protect the environment.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。

作者因为挑选商品花费了较长时间，又在结算队伍中等了15分钟，心里很生气。

多亏一位女士跟她交换了位置，才得以提前十分钟结账离开商店。

作者为了报答那位女士给她节省的10分钟，在回家路上主动降低车速，减少汽车油耗，从而减少对环境的污染。

【详解】1.细节理解题。

根据第二段中“After 45 minutes of shopping(which looked like a real escape game)to just get some tomatoes, cheese and 3 toothpicks, I arrived at the cashier line, thoughtful and a bit upset by the time I spent to get 5 articles. I wondered why I did not go to a small local store.”可知，为了买一些西红柿、奶酪和3盒牙签，我花了45分钟去购物(这看起来像是一个真正的逃避游戏) ，最后我来到了收银台，对于花在买5件物品上的时间，我感到有点心烦意乱。

我想知道为什么我不去当地的小商店。

所以可知，作者用45分钟时间才购买了5件商品，觉得挑选商品花费时间太多，不如在小商店购买节省时间。

选项C与文意一致，故选C。

2.细节理解题。

根据第三段中“After 15 minutes of waiting in the line, the woman in front of me called me: "Hey, you only have 5 articles? Pass before me; I have many more articles than you!"”（在排了15分钟的队后，我前面的女士喊我：“嘿，你只有5件物品？”到我前面，我的东西比你多得多! ”）可知，作者在结算队伍中等了15分钟后才和那位女士换了位置；再根据倒数第二段的“While driving，I realized that she saved me 10 minutes.”（开车的时候，我意识到她帮我省了10分钟）可知，换位给她节省了10分钟，由此可知，如果作者不换位，那么至少要排队25（15+10）分钟。

选项D 符合文意。

故选D。

3.词句猜测题。

根据第二段“After 45 minutes of shopping(which looked like a real escape game)to just get some tomatoes, cheese and 3 toothpicks, I arrived at the cashier line, thoughtful and a bit upset by the time I spent to get 5 articles. I wondered why I did not go to a small local
store.”（为了买一些西红柿、奶酪和3盒牙签，我花了45分钟去购物(这看起来像是一个真正的逃避游戏) ，最后我来到了收银台，对于花在买5件物品上的时间，我感到有点心烦意乱。

我想知道为什么我不去当地的小商店）及第三段“After 15 minutes of waiting in the line, ”（在结账队伍里等候了15分钟）可知，作者因为挑选商品花费了较长时间，再加上排队结算又等待了15分钟，自然感到很懊恼，再结合第三段“"Hey, you only have 5 articles? Pass before me; I have many more articles than
you!"”（嘿，你只有5件物品？到我前面，我的东西比你多得多!）可知，这时，前面那位女士提议换位，这会节省作者时间，她自然会感到不那么生气了。

由此推测画线词意为“使人不再生气”。

选项D符合文意。

故选D。

4.细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段内容“While driving, I realized that sh e saved me 10 minutes. And while I was driving at 70mph, I reduced my speed to 55 mph. The amount of fuel used dropped down by 35%.”（开车的时候，我意识到她帮我省了10分钟。

当我以每小时70英里的速度行驶时，我把速度降到了每小时55英里。

燃料消耗量下降了35% ）及最后一段“As a result, I re-lost part of the 10 minutes that the woman offered me, but it was a way to repay her and do a small thing for the environment.”（结果，我又失去了那个女人给我的10分钟的一部分，但这是报答她的方式，也是为环境做点小事）可知，作者为了报答那位女士给她节省的10分钟时间，在回家路上主动降低车速，减少汽车油耗，从而减少对环境的污染。

选项B与文意相符，故选B。

C
The world’s largest iceberg, named A68a, broke away from Antarctica’s Larsen C ice shelf in July, 2017. It has since floated(漂浮)toward the island of South Georgia in the southern Atlantic Ocean. Satellite pictures show the iceberg has remained in one piece. It is about 150 kilometers long and 48 kilometers wide. It is traveling at one kilometer an hour and is on a path to hit South Georgia in around 30 days.
Right now is the time of year when seals and penguins spend a lot of time caring for their young. This means the distance that parents have to travel to find food is important. Scientists fear that if the iceberg hits the island, it could prevent the penguins and seals from reaching food supplies. That means they have to go a lot further. They have to go around the iceberg, or to actually go further to find food. And that time is quite important at this particular period of
their life cycle.
Ecologists say an iceberg crash(碰撞)would also disturb materials settled on the seabed, possibly polluting the surrounding seas. As the iceberg melts(融化), it would also send large amounts of fresh water into the ocean. This could affect krill populations that are a major source of food for the island's wildlife. Besides, the iceberg could remain for 10 years and change the area’s whole ecosystem. If some rare species fail in this area, their numbers globally are going to go down quite sharply.
The breaking-off of icebergs from Antarctica is a natural process. But the process is changing with climate change. What we’re seeing now is that the speed at which this is happening is increasing. And so, this might become more of a usual thing into the future. Right now, officials are hoping that changing weather patterns could direct the iceberg out into the open ocean, where it would, in time, break up and melt.
8. What can we know about the iceberg A68a?
A. It was hit by another iceberg and broke into pieces.
B. It has been floating on the sea for more than 4 years.
C. It is now more than 500km away from South Georgia.
D. It came into being because of a drop in water temperature.
9. How will the iceberg probably influence the penguins and seals in South Georgia?
A. By bringing other wildlife there.
B. By slowing down their life cycle.
C. By cutting off their way to feeding areas.
D. By making the weather completely different.
10. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The time period an iceberg could remain.
B. The possible influence of an iceberg crash.
C. The possible reason for the failure of rare species.
D. The fresh water an iceberg could produce.
11. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Floating icebergs will be more common.
B. The iceberg will soon break up and melt.
C. Icebergs have nothing to do with climate.
D. Officials have planned to direct the iceberg.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。

世界最大冰山A68a正向南乔治亚岛漂移，估计30天能撞上这个海岛。

如果发生撞击，将对当地的企鹅和海豹等野生动物构成严重威胁。

【8题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第一段中的“It is traveling at one kilometer an hour and is on a path to hit South Georgia in around 30 days.”可知，冰山每小时前进1千米，估计30天能撞上南乔治亚岛，那么现在两者间的距离应该有720千米左右。

所以现在它距南乔治亚州500多公里。

A，D项未提及，B项more than 4 years表述不对。

故选C项。

【9题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第二段内容“Right now is the time of year when seals …And that time is quite important at this particular period of their life cycle.”可知，如今正是海豹和企鹅照顾幼崽的时节，如果冰山撞上海岛，可能会阻碍企鹅和海豹到达食物源。

这意味着他们必须走得更远。

他们必须绕过冰山，或者实际上要走得更远才能找到食物。

A项“通过把其他野生动植物带到那里”，B项“通过减慢他们的生命周期”，C项“通过切断通往喂养区域的路”，D项“通过使天气完全不同”。

故选C项。

【10题详解】
主旨大意题。

根据第三段“Ecologists say an iceberg crash(碰撞)would also disturb materials settled on the seabed… their numbers globally are going to go down quite sharply.可知，主要介绍了冰山撞击海岛后的影响：搅乱海床上的物质，污染周围海域；冰山融化释放淡水，杀死虾群，影响岛上野生动物的食物来源；冰山可能存在10年，改变地区整个生态系统；如果当地稀有物种数量下降，该物种在全世界范围内的数量也将急剧下降。

A项“冰山可能保存的时间周期”，B项“冰山碰撞的可能影响”，C项“稀有物种减少的可能原因”，D项“冰山可以产生的淡水”。

故选B项。

【11题详解】
细节理解题。

根据最后一段中的“What we're seeing now is that the speed at which this is happening is increasing. And so, this might become more of a usual thing into the future.”可知，冰山从南极洲脱离的速率在增加，在未来，冰山脱离南极洲飘向他处很有可能会成为普遍的事情。

所以可知漂浮的冰山会越来越普遍。

故选A项。

【点睛】阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，宏观浏览，掌握大意。

不要困扰在个别词汇的翻译上，偶有生词，走为上计。

其次，读懂题干，带着问题再去微观细读。

最后，分析句子，慎思明辨。

阅读理解题之细节理解解题要注意：1.排除干扰项，突出主题。

2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关信息，预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。

3.将注意力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速浏览。

发现细节，放慢速度，仔细核对比较，直到找到正确答案。

D
A company testing driverless cars has received permission from the state of California to operate the vehicles without human drivers. The tests will be carried out by Cruise, the self-driving car company owned by General Motors.
Cruise reported last week that it got a permit from the California Department of Motor Vehicles to let the
self-driving cars travel on their own. The company plans to have them operating in San Francisco by the end of this year. Cruise is still just testing its self-driving vehicles. But it plans to offer ride-sharing services in major cities across the United States in the future.
Until now, testing has only been carved out with human backup drivers in all Cruise vehicles. Rules required the backup drivers to be inside the cars and ready to take control of the vehicles if necessary. Cruise has completed enough testing to feel that it is now ready to safely operate the cars without humans, said company spokesman Ray Wert. Wert said that Cruise would go neighborhood-by-neighborhood in San Francisco before spreading the driverless car to the whole city.
The permission in California followed a similar decision in Arizona. Arizona state officials approved a request by Waymo, a company owned by Google’s parent company Alphabet Inc., to open its ride-sharing service to the public in vehicles without human drivers. The service was launched last week in the city of Phoenix. Progress toward driverless vehicles slowed after one such vehicle hit a passer-by during a test in Tempe, Arizona, in 2018. That vehicle was operated by Uber Technologies.
Steven Shladover is a research engineer at the University of California, Berkeley. He has studied self-driving for 40 years. Shladover said that although Cruise and Waymo program their vehicles to drive more conservatively than humans, both still need to progress safely. He noted that Cruise will first use its vehicles in easier areas in San
Francisco before sending them into complex traffic situations.
12. What has Cruise done until now?
A. It has done driverless car testing in other states.
B. It has helped other companies test their self-driving cars.
C. It has completed some testing with human drivers.
D. It has offered ride-sharing services using self-driving cars.
13. What caused the testing of self-driving cars to slow down?
A. Taxi drivers’ fear of losing their jobs.
B. The high cost of doing it in big cities.
C. An accident caused by a self-driving vehicle.
D. The small number of companies taking part in it.
14. Which of the following does Steven Shladover agree with?
A. Self-driving vehicles shouldn’t go without safety.
B. Self-driving vehicles drive less carefully than humans.
C. Self-drivin g vehicles can’t get into complex traffic situations.
D. Companies should program their vehicles to drive faster.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. California Allows Company to Test Cars with No Drivers
B. Two Companies’ Self-Driving Tests Get Approved
C. Self-Driving or Human-Driving, Which Should We Depend on?
D. Cruise or Waymo, Which Is Leading the Self-Driving Technology?
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. A
【解析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。

主要报道了Cruise公司收到加利福尼亚州允许其进行无人类备用司机在车内的自动驾驶实验的消息。

文章附带介绍了无人驾驶方面的进度、相关公司和相关研究者们的观点。

【12题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第三段中“Until now, testing has only been carved out with human backup drivers in all Cruise vehicles. Rules required the backup drivers to be inside the cars and ready to take control of the vehicles if necessary.(到目前为止，测试仅在Cruise车辆有人类后备司机的情况下进行。

规定要求后备司机必须待在车内，并随时准备在必要时控制车辆)”可知，到目前为止，Cruise已经在有人类司机的情况下完成了一些测
试。

故选C。

【13题详解】
细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段中“Progress toward driverless vehicles slowed after one such vehicle hit a passer-by during a test in Tempe, Arizona, in 2018. (2018年，在亚利桑那州坦佩市进行的无人驾驶汽车测试中，一辆无人驾驶汽车撞上了一名路人，之后无人驾驶汽车的研发进程放缓)”可知，自动驾驶汽车引起的事故导致自动驾驶汽车的测试减速。

故选C。

【14题详解】
细节理解题。

根据最后一段中“Shladover said that although Cruise and Waymo program their vehicles to drive more conservatively than humans, both still need to progress safely.( Shladover表示，尽管Cruise和Waymo对他们的汽车进行了比人类驾驶更保守的编程，但它们仍然需要安全行驶)”可知，Steven Shladover认为自动驾驶汽车不应该没有安全保障。

故选A。

【15题详解】
主旨大意题。

根据第一段中“A company testing driverless cars has received permission from the state of California to operate the vehicles without human drivers.(一家测试无人驾驶汽车的公司获得了加利福尼亚州的许可，可以在无人驾驶的情况下操作车辆)”结合文章主要报道了Cruise公司收到加利福尼亚州允许其进行无人类备用司机在车内的自动驾驶实验的消息。

并附带介绍了无人驾驶方面的进度、相关公司和相关研究者们的观点。

故A选项“加州允许公司在无人驾驶的情况下测试汽车”最符合文章标题。

故选A。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Here are five ways to show respect for you to consider and hopefully put into practice.
Listen.
Listening to what another person has to say is a basic way to respect them. Everyone wants to have their say. Everyone wants to feel that they’re being listened to. Whether they have something profound to say is not the point. ___16___When you give another person your time and your ear, you show respect for them.
Serve.
A poet once said, "We are all here on earth to help others." Life on earth is about serving others. In fact, our jobs should be around a desire to serve others and give back to others. Serving shows that we care.___17___ Be Kind.
Though kindness and service are first cousins, they aren’t the same. We can serve without being
kind.____18____When we’re kind to someone, we’re giving of ourselves. We’re giving something they can use or
maybe something they badly need. We have all been in need. And what a relief it is when someone shows us kindness.
Be Polite.
An act of politeness can change a person’s day. It can even change a person’s life. ___19___ It can help them press on through what may be difficult. Some cultures are known for their politeness. If you want to show respect for someone, start by being polite.
Be Thankful.
When someone does something good for you, you should thank them. It ’s not so much that we need to be
thanked.____20____When there is no thankfulness for something we’ve done, we feel a lack of respect.
A. People want to be heard.
B. It can lift their spirits quickly.
C. And caring shows that we respect.
D. Respect doesn’t always require thankfulness.
E. But it’s very difficult to be kind without serving.
F. It’s that we want to feel that what we’ve done has made a difference.
G. To respect someone, you have to say something good about that person.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。

介绍了五种表示尊重的
方式，并且希望读者能考虑并付诸实践。

【详解】1.根据上文“Everyone wants to feel that they’re being listened to.”(每个人都希望自己被倾听。

)所以空白处可描述人们想要被倾听。

选项A.“People want to be heard.”（人们想要被倾听）与前文意义上形成一致，故选A 。

2.根据上文“Serving shows that we care.”(服务表明我们关心。

)可知，设空处可以写关心表明什么。

选项C.“And caring shows that we respect.”（关心表明我们尊重。

）与前文意义相符，故选C 。

3.结合本段论述的话题“Be Kind.”（要友善）及根据上文“We can serve without being kind.”(我们可以不客气地服务他人。

)所以空白处讲述的和“kind”有关，选项E.“But it’s very difficult to be kind
without serving.”（但是没有服务是很难友好的。

）与前文形成转折关系，同时也和本段论述的话题有关，
故选E。

4.根据上文“An act of politeness can change a person’s day. It can even change a person’s life.”(一个礼貌的行为可以改变一个人的一天，甚至可以改变一个人的生活。

)结合第二个分句主语使用代词“it”，可推断，空白处论述的也是描述礼貌的作用，句子主语用“it”指代。

选项B.“It can lift their spirits quickly.”（可以让他们很快振作起来。

）与前文的意思一致，故选B。

5.根据上文“It’s not so much that we need to be thanked.”(这不是说我们需要被感谢。

)可推知，空白处即为解释我们需要的是什么。

选项F.“It’s that we want to feel that what we’ve done has made a difference.”（是我们想要感受到，我们的所作所为有意义。

）和前文构成了意义上的一致，故选F。

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Hunter Leininger, from Canton, Georgia, USA has been doing adventure racing since he was 7 years old. Now, at age 19, he has set world ___21___ , traveled around the globe, and completed over 50 races! And he is now on a mission(使命) to encourage other young people to follow their own____22____.
Adventure racing is a____23____sport that includes lots of different___24___ on unmarked trails in the wilderness such as hiking, running, rafting, canoeing, biking, climbing, horseback riding, orienteering, skiing and sailing. Races can___25___ from 2 hours to 2 weeks!
Hunter became ___26___in adventure racing through his dad, who is an Adventure Racer himself. While playing soccer and football, Hunter was looking to try something ___27___ . He asked his dad if he could___28___ him in an Adventure Race, and he went on to___29___ his first race in about 6 hours. Hunter loved being on the same team as his dad and he has been attracted to the sport ever since.
Hunter has learned a lot of perseverance(毅力) through adventure racing. There can be a lot of ____30____ in a race, but if you ____31____, your whole team will have to_____32_____. This is unlike other team sports, like basketball or football, where you can stop and be____33____ by another player. In racing, and in his life, the sport has
taught Hunter to keep going when situations get _____34_____
Hunter wants to inspire young people that they can complete____35____ things at whatever age and that they don’t have to_____36_____until they get older to go after their dreams. That is one of the most common ____37____ in our society, “You’re not old enough to start that business; you should wait until you get older.” The biggest problem with this mindset(心态) is that once people_____38_____their dreams at a young age, they probably never come back to them, which____39____ them never to complete anything. The best time to do something is now, so go after your dreams before it’s too_____40_____!
21. A. clubs B. records C. differences D. companies
22. A. examples B. ways C. teachers D. dreams
23. A. single B. summer C. team D. safe
24. A. activities B. discoveries C. wonders D. inventions
25. A. appear B. expect C. last D. stay
26. A. brave B. helpful C. confident D. interested
27. A. new B. dangerous C. expensive D. easy
28. A. beat B. join C. train D. please
29. A. escape B. discuss C. complete D. describe
30. A. progress B. pain C. experience D. education
31. A. calm down B. drop in C. carry on D. give up
32. A. stop B. win C. continue D. increase
33. A. guided B. protected C. noticed D. replaced
34. A. strange B. smooth C. hard D. perfect
35. A. encouraging B. traditional C. unbelievable D. pleasant
36. A. wait B. believe C. afford D. work
37. A. chances B. excuses C. congratulations D. answers
38. A. go after B. put off C. set up D. put up
39. A. allows B. advises C. requires D. causes
40. A. late B. cold C. clear D. near
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. B 39. D 40. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。

文章介绍了19岁的Hunter Leininger正在参加探险速度赛来激励青年人趁早追逐自己的梦想。

【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：如今，19岁的Hunter Leininger 已经创造了数个世界纪录，周游全球，完成了50项比赛。

A. clubs俱乐部；B. records记录，录音；C. differences偏差，差异；D. companies公司，企业。

根据“and completed over 50 races”可知19岁的他已经创造了世界纪录。

故选B。

【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：他现在的使命是鼓励其他年轻人追随自己的梦想。

A. examples例子；B. ways方法；C. teachers教师；D. dreams梦想。

根据下文“…until they get older to go after their dreams”可知他现在正通过自己的比赛来激励其他年轻人追逐自己的梦想。

故选D。

【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：探险速度赛里包括很多野外无标记路径上的不同种类的活动，如徒步旅行、跑步、漂流、皮划艇、骑自行车、爬山、骑马、定向越野、滑雪和帆船。

A. single单一的，单身的；B. summer 夏季的；C. team队；D. safe安全的。

根据下文“...your whole team will have to12”和“This is unlike other team sports”可知探险速度赛是一项团队运动。

故选C。

【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

句意：探险速度赛里包括很多野外无标记路径上的不同种类的活动，如徒步旅行、跑步、漂流、皮划艇、骑自行车、爬山、骑马、定向越野、滑雪和帆船。

A. activities活动；B. discoveries发现；
C. wonders奇观；
D. inventions发明。

根据“…such as hiking, running, rafting, canoeing, biking, climbing, horseback riding, orienteering, skiing and sailing”可知包括很多野外无标记路径上的不同种类的活动。

故选A。