四柱液压机中英文翻译、外文文献翻译

Four-column hydraulic press
one. Four-column hydraulic press for the use of four-column hydraulic press suitable for plastic materials pressing process. Such as powder products molding, plastic products molding, cold (hot) extrusion metal molding, sheet stretching and cross-pressure, bending, turnover, correction and other processes. II. Four-column hydraulic press features four-column hydraulic press has an independent power mechanism and electrical system, the use of button centralized control, can achieve adjustment, manual and semi-automatic three working methods: four-column hydraulic press working pressure, pressing speed, the stroke and range of fast descending and decelerating without load can be adjusted according to the needs of the process, and the ejection process can be completed. The ejection process and the drawing process can be carried out in three ways, each of which is a constant pressure and a fixed stroke, the constant pressure forming process has ejection delay and automatic return after pressing. Characteristics of four-column hydraulic press. Four-column hydraulic press is the use of pressure to shape objects under pressure. The medium of pressure is hydraulic oil. The structure of four-column hydraulic press is
simple, economical and practical. OCTAGONAL SHAPE for appearance. Four-column hydraulic machine control electrical box with glass door, PLC computer control or general electrical two, with reliable work, reliable, intuitive action, easy maintenance. Single Button centralized control. It has two operation modes of adjustment and single circulation of both hands. Four-column hydraulic press hydraulic control can be integrated with cartridge valve system, reliable action, long service life, hydraulic impact is small, reducing the connection pipeline and leakage point, or ordinary hydraulic control two kinds. III. Four-column hydraulic press common faults and maintenance methods four-column hydraulic press common faults and maintenance methods: In winter and worse working conditions, four-column hydraulic press system to check, maintenance, often change the working oil. Great attention should be paid to the storage and transportation of the working oil of four-column hydraulic press. The oil drums shall be marked and covered. In winter, do not pay attention to the air condensed into water and oil, do not rust the barrel into the rust pieces. In winter, the four-column hydraulic engine and other mechanical systems to take a number of preventive measures, such as covering anti-freezing, heating and heat
preservation, the use of low viscosity oil, etc. , are applicable to the hydraulic system. In the four-column hydraulic press Hydraulic drive system, are some of the more sophisticated parts. Although people feel labor-saving and convenient to the hydraulic transmission of four-column hydraulic press, they also feel that it is easy to be damaged. The main reason is that the working principle and structure characteristics of four-column hydraulic press are not clear. Hydraulic systems have three basic "disease-causing" factors: pollution, overheating, and entering the air. These three disadvantages are closely interrelated, and the occurrence of any one of them will be associated with the emergence of another problem or problems. By practice, 75% of the hydraulic system "pathogenic" reasons, are caused by these three. 1. The working oil of the four-column hydraulic press is spoiled because of entering the dirt 2. Overheating 3. Entering the air solution: the Cleaning and assembly of some major precision parts in the four-column hydraulic press system should be carried out in a very clean room, indoor should have clean floor and airtight door window, the temperature had better keep in 200C or so. IV. Four-column hydraulic press common general maintenance method four-column hydraulic press
common general maintenance method (1) four-column hydraulic press action failure electrical wiring is not firm or wrong connection check electrical (2) four-column hydraulic press slipper crawl 1 system accumulated air or pump suction 2 precision adjustment or column Oil 1 check whether the pump suction pipe is in air or not, then move up and down several times and add oil on the 2 columns, readjust the accuracy (3) when the sliders of the four-column hydraulic press descend slowly, the pressure supporting force is too large to adjust the back pressure valve so that the upper chamber of the upper cylinder does not have pressure, the maximum is not more than 1 MPA, four-column hydraulic press after stopping the slide block under serious 1 CYLINDER MOUTH SEAL RING leakage pressure valve adjustment pressure is too small or pressure mouth is not strict 1 watch cylinder mouth, SEND OIL AND GAS 2 adjust pressure check valve mouth 5. Pressure gauge needle of four-column hydraulic press swings badly 1 pressure gauge oil circuit has air 2 pipeline mechanical vibration pressure gauge damage 1 slightly loosen the pipe joint when the pressure is up, 2 deflates the pipe 2 fastens the pipe 3 replace the pressure Gauge 6. Four-column hydraulic press high pressure travel
speed is not enough, up pressure slow 1 high pressure pump flow regulation too small 2 pump wear or burn 3 system leakage serious 1 according to the pump manual adjustment, pUMP ECCENTRICITY can be adjusted to 5 bar 2 at 25 MPA. The pressure drop of four-column hydraulic press is too fast when keeping pressure 1. The valves involved in keeping pressure are not strict or the pipeline is leaking 2. The sealing ring in the cylinder is damaged 1. Check the filling valve, the sealing research of the pressure-keeping Relief Valve 2. Replace the sealing ring 8. The utility model relates to a screw four-column hydraulic press, which belongs to the field of hydraulic press, in particular to a hydraulic press with screw drive, the task of which is to provide a transmission device, the main nut thread is forced only when the slide block presses the workpiece, and the main nut is not pushed by the hydraulic cylinder during the non-pressing workpiece stroke of the slide block, so that the lubricating oil is filled into the screw bearing surface. The screw Rod is located at the center axis of the machine body and is mounted on the machine body through the bearing. The upper end of the screw rod is connected with the inertia wheel, the main nut is matched with the lower part of the screw Rod, and is connected with
the main slide block through the main flange The auxiliary nut is matched with the middle part of the screw Rod, and is connected with the auxiliary slide block through the auxiliary flange. The guide rail is mounted symmetrically in a central axis in the screw four-column hydraulic press, and the main slide block and the auxiliary slide block are slidily connected along the Guide Rail, the end of the Piston Rod of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the auxiliary sliding block, which can improve the lubrication condition of the nut and screw and prolong the service life of the screw four-column hydraulic press. About the hydraulic station of four-column Hydraulic Press: The working principle of the hydraulic station of four-column hydraulic press is as follows: the motor drives the oil pump to rotate, the pump draws oil from the oil tank, converts the Mechanical Energy into the hydraulic oil pressure energy, the hydraulic oil is transmitted to the hydraulic machinery's cylinder or motor through the external pipeline after the direction, pressure and flow are adjusted by the hydraulic valve through the Integrated Block (or valve combination) , it controls the change of direction, force and speed of hydraulic motor, and drives all kinds of hydraulic machinery.
Four-column hydraulic press hydraulic station also known as hydraulic pump station, is an independent hydraulic device. It provides oil according to the requirements of the main engine, and controls the direction, pressure and flow of oil flow. It is suitable for the main engine and hydraulic equipment can be separated on a variety of four-column hydraulic press. As long as the user purchase the press station and the host on the executive body (cylinder or motor) connected with the tubing, hydraulic machinery can achieve a variety of specified action, working cycle. The hydraulic station of the four-column hydraulic press is composed of a pump device, a manifold or a valve combination, a fuel tank and an electrical box. The functions of each component are as follows: The pump device is equipped with a motor and an oil pump, which is the power source of the hydraulic station of the four-column Hydraulic Press and converts the Mechanical Energy into the pressure energy of the hydraulic oil. Manifold block-is composed of hydraulic valve and Channel Body. It can adjust the direction, pressure and flow of the hydraulic oil. Valve assembly-is a plate valve mounted on a vertical plate, connected to the pipe behind the plate, with the same function as the manifold block. TANK-A semi-closed, plate-welded vessel with a filter air filter,
etc. . It is used for storage, cooling and filtration of oil. Electrical box-in two forms. One is a Terminal Board with external leads; the other is equipped with a complete set of control appliances. Four column Hydraulic Press Pressure is small what reason: 1. Is the oil in the cylinder of the four-column hydraulic press dirty? 2. Are you holding it in? Pressure activated? 3. Four-column hydraulic time long, loose parts with, internal leakage? 1, four-column hydraulic pump wear serious, large internal leakage. 2. Relief Valve malfunctions and is normally open. 3. Directional valve internal leakage is large. 4, four-column hydraulic machine implementation of the original leakage inside the large, small pump pressure. The application of four-column hydraulic forming technology four-column hydraulic forming technology has a wide range of applications in automobile, aviation, aerospace and pipeline industries, the hydraulic forming technology of four-column hydraulic press is mainly applicable to the hollow structure with round, rectangular or special section which varies along the component axis, such as the special-shaped pipe fittings of automobile exhaust system, the hollow frame with non-circular section, such as engine bracket, instrument panel bracket, body frame (about 11% ~
15% of the vehicle mass) , hollow shaft parts and complex pipe fittings. The suitable materials for four-column hydraulic forming process include carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, copper alloy and nickel alloy. In principle, the materials suitable for cold forming are all suitable for four-column hydraulic forming process. Four-column hydraulic system four-column hydraulic press is the use of hydraulic transmission technology for pressure processing equipment, can be used to complete a variety of forging and pressure forming process. For example, steel forging, metal structural parts of the molding, plastic products and rubber products, and so on. Four-column hydraulic press is one of the earliest machines to use hydraulic transmission. At present, hydraulic transmission has become the main transmission form of pressure processing machinery. Four-column hydraulic press in Heavy Machinery Manufacturing, aviation industry, plastic and Non-ferrous metal processing industries, four-column hydraulic press has become an important equipment. On the four-column hydraulic press non-pressure problem: Q: four-column hydraulic press does not rise, starting up switch has 10MM action, rise after non-pressure, sliding work, how is it? Answer: Check the four-column
hydraulic pump outlet pressure, control system pressure, whether the support valve is stuck. The Piston slipping is related to the insufficient supporting force of the lower chamber, and the non-pressure keeping may be the leakage of the relief valve of the four-column hydraulic press. Four-column hydraulic press system is relatively simple, do not consider overhauling too much trouble. The difference between four-column hydraulic press and pneumatic press the difference between four-column hydraulic press and pneumatic press the pneumatic press has noise, small force, easy maintenance will not leak oil; four-column hydraulic press quiet, strong, slightly more complex maintenance. It's all about the APP. The steel workshop noise is already quite big, may not consider the noise factor. If the force requirements are relatively large, then choose four-column hydraulic press. If, the force requirement is not so big (50kg or less) the barometric pressure is good, is also cheap. The drawing cylinder of the four-column hydraulic press adopts fast cylinder, the speed can reach 280 mm / s, the drawing force can reach 1000 KN, the blank holding force can reach 800 Kn, and the speed and pressure can be adjusted in the prescribed range, users can choose the best drawing speed and blank
holder force according to their needs, and can draw out all kinds of products such as high quality stainless steel, which is the ideal equipment for sheet metal drawing. The oil supply system of the Hydraulic Chamber of the four-column hydraulic press is required to meet the technical requirements of hydraulic forming, and the system is not too complicated. Its action as follows: Motor start, pump to oil by the reversing valve flow back to the oil tank, pump unloading. When 1DT power, oil through the valve, one-way valve into the oil plate will be pressed into the Matrix and forming. At the end of the forming, 1DT POWER CUT, 2DT power, oil into the oil injection through the supercharger cylinder, under the action of ultra-high pressure, the sheet metal further close to the concave die to form its small round corner. The key of the hydraulic system of the four-column hydraulic press is frequency converter 5 and supercharger cylinder 10. In the process of hydraulic forming, the working flow and pressure provided to the hydraulic chamber by the hydraulic system should be constantly changing according to the requirements of the process, therefore, the power consumed by the hydraulic system should also be changing with the change of the working flow and pressure. Describe the General
Mechanical Theory of pressure transfer before proceeding to analyze the phenomenon of pressure shock and to rationalize the fluid equation. It is necessary to transport the liquid between two energy sources by taking part in this result about valve positioning at a longer point with little friction in the pipeline. The valve is connected to the same downstream pipe section as to the upstream pipe section. The pressure impingement flow will be passed between the two lines through the valve operation, assuming that the valve closing speed should not be applied to the solid circle theory. If the valve is closed and the flow of the liquid is in the opposite direction, it moves slowly, resulting in the compression of the liquid and the expansion of the cross section of the pipe. The increased pressure in the valve causes the high-pressure liquid to flow in reverse, extending the time it takes for the liquid to flow through the pipe to the valve. The flow of this high-pressure liquid similar to the propagation of sound, is dependent on the liquid and pipe materials as a medium. Similarly, a delay in the downstream flow of the valve will result in a reduction in pressure at the valve. This result denies that the flow of a high pressure liquid is along a downstream pipe, preventing the flow of the liquid, assuming that the fluid
pressure in the downstream pipe does not reduce the fluid pressure or the vapor pressure or the pressure released by the dissolved gas, the considerations of willingness are different. Thus, the closed valve causes the flow of high-pressure fluid to flow along the pipe, although those flows have various symptoms. The flow of pressure relative to the stability of the valve through the open pipe. This effect is related to the liquid flow delay between the two cross-sections of the pipe, the pipe itself is affected due to the reverse high pressure liquid, pipe wall expansion. At the same time, the downstream pipe is shortened and the large cross-section deformation of the pipe due to the reduced pressure flowing through the liquid is due to the pipe material and can be demonstrated. For example, use thin-walled rubber tubing. The high-pressure liquid moves along the flow. It has been proved that the velocity of the liquid is close to that of sound due to the tension flow of the liquid along the pipe wall. In this piping material, however, this is a secondary role, and when it is recognized that its presence can explain part of the pressure transfer time as the valve closes, it has little effect on the application of pressure standards in pressure impact phenomena. After the valve is closed, the time of compression will depend primarily on the
system boundary conditions, which will be easily illustrated in a number of charts to depict the results of the valve closure on the same system, what happens to the pipeline at each time period. Since the valve closure is instantaneous, a valve with liquid close to each pipe section will bring the valve to a stop, and high-pressure fluid flow may have already passed through each pipe section. At the appropriate velocity C and at time t, the liquid has passed a distance of 1 ct, and in each segment, the Cross section of the pipe is deformed at a distance of 1. The time for the high pressure liquid to reach the storage station is t 1 / C, and an unstable position appears in this distance, which is at the junction of the pipeline and the storage station. Since it is not possible to have laminar flow at the junction of the stations, the maintaining pressure and other values flow through each station before the valve is closed.
四柱液压机
一.四柱液压机用途
四柱液压机适用于可塑性材料的压制工艺。

如粉末制品成型、塑料制品成型、冷（热）挤压金属成型、薄板拉伸以及横压、弯压、翻透、校正等工艺。

二.四柱液压机特点
四柱液压机具有独立的动力机构和电气系统，采用按钮集中控制，可实现调整、手动及半自动三种工作方式：四柱液压机的工作压力、压制速度，空载快下行和减速的行程和范围，均可根据工艺需要进行调整，并能完成顶出工艺，可带顶出工艺、拉伸工艺三种工艺方式，每种工艺又为定压，定程两种工艺动作供选择，定压成型工艺在压制后具有顶出延时及自动回程。

四柱液压机的特点。

四柱液压机就是利用压力使物体受压成形。

提供压力的介质是利用液压油。

四柱液压机结构简单、经济、实用。

外观采用八角形状。

四柱液压机控制电器箱采用玻璃门、PLC电脑控制或普通电器两种，具有工作可靠，工作可靠，动作直观，维修方便。

独立按扭集中控制。

具有调整、双手单次循环二种操作方式。

四柱液压机液压控制可采用插装阀集成系统，动作可靠，使用寿命长，液压冲击小，减少了连接管路与泄露点，或普通液压控制两种。

三.四柱液压机的常见故障和维护方法
四柱液压机的常见故障和维护方法：在冬季和较坏的工况下，要对四柱液压机系统勤检查、勤保养，常换工作油液。

对四柱液压机工作油的储存和转运工作应十分注意。

盛油桶应加专门的标志并掩盖好。

在冬季，要注意桶内勿因空气冷凝成水分而混入油中，勿将桶皮生锈的锈片落入桶内。

冬季对四柱液压机发动机与其他机械系统所采取的多项预防措施，如掩盖防冻、加热保温、换用低黏度工作油等，均适用于液压系统。

在四柱液压机液压传动系统中，都是一些比较精密的零件。

人们对四柱液压机的液压传动虽然觉得省力方便，但同时又感到它易于损坏。

究其原因，主要是不太清楚四柱液压机工作原理和构造特性，从而也不大了解其预防保养的方法.液压系统有3个基本的“致病”因素：污染、过热和进入空气。

这3个不利因素有着密切的内在联系，出现其中任何一个问题，就会连带产生另外一个或多个问题。

由实践证明，液压系统75%“致病”的原因，均是这三者造成的。

1、四柱液压机工作油液因进入污物而变质
2、过热
3、进入空气解决方法：对四柱液压机系统中一些主要精密件的清洗和装配，均应在十分清洁的室内进行，室内应有干净的地板和密闭的门窗，温度最好保持在200C左右。

四.四柱液压机常见的一般维修方法
四柱液压机常见的一般维修方法
（1）四柱液压机动作失灵电气接线不牢或接错检查电气（2）四柱液压机滑块爬行1系统内积存空气或泵吸空2精度调整不当或立柱缺油1检查泵吸油管是否进气，然后多次上下运动并加压2立柱上加机油，重新调整精度（3）四柱液压机滑块慢速下行时带压支撑力过大调整背压阀使上缸上腔不带压，最大不大于1MPa，四柱液压机停车后滑块下溜严重1缸口密封环渗漏压力阀调整压力太小或压口不严1观察缸口，发油放气2调整压力检查阀口五.四柱液压机压力表指针摆动厉害1压力表油路内存有空气2管路机械振动压力表损坏1上压时略拧松管接头，放气2将管路卡牢3更换压力表六.四柱液压机高压行程速度不够，上压慢1高压泵流量调得过小2泵磨损或烧伤3系统内漏严重1按泵的说明书进行调整，在25MPa时泵偏心可调调至5格2若泵回油口漏损大时，应拆下检查.
七.四柱液压机保压时压降太快1参与保压之各阀门不严或管路漏油2缸内密封环损坏
1检查充液阀，保压泄压阀之密封研合情况2更换密封环
八.关于螺旋四柱液压机
关于螺旋四柱液压机：
本实用型的螺旋四柱液压机，属于液压机领域，特别涉及螺旋传动的液压机，其任务是提供一种传动装置，使主螺母螺纹只在滑块压制工件时受力，而在滑块的非压制工件行程中，主螺母不受液压缸推力作用，以便让润滑油被充到螺旋承压面内。

本螺旋四柱液压机，螺杆位于机身中心轴位置并通过轴承安装在机身上，螺杆上端与惯性轮联接为一体，主螺母配合于螺杆下段，通过主法兰与主滑块联接为一体；副螺母配合于螺杆中段，通过副法兰与副滑块联接为一体，螺旋四柱液压机内以中心轴对称安装导轨，主滑块、副滑块沿导轨滑动连接，液压缸以机身中心轴对称安装在机身上，液压缸之活塞杆端部与副滑块铰支联接，可以改善螺母、螺杆的润滑工况，延长螺旋四柱液压机使用寿命。

关于四柱液压机的液压站：四柱液压机液压站的工作原理如下：电机带动油泵旋转，泵从油箱中吸油后打油，将机械能转化为液压油的压力能，液压油通过集成块（或阀组合）被液压阀实现了方向、压力、流量调节后经外接管路传
输到液压机械的油缸或油马达中，从而控制了液动机方向的变换、力量的大小及速度的快慢，推动各种液压机械做功.
四柱液压机液压站又称液压泵站，是独立的液压装置。

它按主机要求供油，并控制油流的方向、压力和流量，它适用于主机与液压装可分离的各种四柱液压机上。

用户购后只要将压站与主机上的执行机构（油缸或油马达）用油管相连，液压机械即可实现各种规定的动作、工作循环。

四柱液压机液压站是由泵装置、集成块或阀组合、油箱、电气盒组合而成。

各部件功用如下：泵装置-上装有电机和油泵，它是四柱液压机液压站的动力源，将机械能转化为液压油的压力能。

集成块-是由液压阀及通道体组装而成。

它对液压油实行方向、压力、流量调节。

阀组合-是板式阀装在立板上，板后管连接，与集成块功用同。

油箱-是板焊的半封闭容器，上还装有滤油网空气滤清器等，它用来储油、油的冷却及过滤。

电气盒-分两种形式。

一种设置外接引线的端子板；一种是配置了全套控制电器。

四柱液压机压力小是什么原因：
1.四柱液压机油缸的油脏吗？
2.憋压了吗？带压启动了？
3.四柱液压机时间长了，零件配合松了，内泄了？
1、四柱液压机泵磨损严重，内泄露大。

2、溢流阀出现故障，处于常开启状态。

3、方向阀内部泄露大。

4、四柱液压机执行原件内泄露大，显示泵压力小。

四柱液压机液压成形工艺的应用
四柱液压机液压成形工艺在汽车、航空、航天和管道等行业有着广泛的应用，四柱液压机液压成形工艺主要适用于：沿构件轴线变化的圆形、矩形或异型截面
空心结构件，如汽车的排气系统异型管件；非圆截面空心框架，如发动机托架、仪表盘支架、车身框架（约占汽车质量的11%~15%）；空心轴类件和复杂管件等。

四柱液压机液压成形工艺的适用材料包括碳钢、不锈钢、铝合金、铜合金及镍合金等，原则上适用于冷成形的材料均适用于四柱液压机液压成形工艺。

四柱液压机的液压系统
四柱液压机是利用液压传动技术进行压力加工的设备，可以用来完成各种锻压及加压成形加工。

例如钢材的锻压，金属结构件的成型，塑料制品和橡胶制品的压制等。

四柱液压机是最早应用液压传动的机械之一，目前液压传动已成为压力加工机械的主要传动形式。

四柱液压机在重型机械制造业、航空工业、塑料及有色金属加工工业等之中，四柱液压机已成为重要设备。

关于四柱液压机不保压的问题：
问：四柱液压机不上升，起动上升开关有10MM动作，上升后不保压，工作滑体下滑，怎么回事？
答：先检查四柱液压机泵的出口压力、控制系统压力、支撑阀是否卡死。

活塞下滑与下腔支撑力不够有关，不保压可能是四柱液压机溢流阀漏损。

四柱液压机系统比较简单，先不要考虑检修太麻烦。

四柱液压机和气动压力机的区别
四柱液压机和气动压力机的区别气压机有噪声，力量小，维护方便不会漏油；四柱液压机安静，力量大，维护稍微复杂些。

主要还是看应用。

钢材车间噪音本来就比较大了，可不考虑噪声因素。

如果力量要求比较大，那就选四柱液压机。

如果，力量要求没那么大（50kg以下吧）气压挺好，还便宜。

该四柱液压机拉伸油缸采用快速缸，速度可达280mm/s，拉伸力可达1000K N，压边力可达800KN，速度和压力都可在规定范围内调节，用户可根据需要把拉伸速度和压边力选择到最佳工作状态，可拉深出质量较高的不锈钢等各种制品，是薄板拉深的理想设备。

该四柱液压机的液压室供油系统要求满足液压成形的工艺要求，同时系统不会过于复杂。

其动作说明如下：电机启动，泵来油经换向阀中位流回油箱，泵卸荷。

当1DT通电时，油经过换向阀、单向阀进入注油板将板料压入凹模而成形。

在成形的末期，1DT断电，2DT通电，油经过增压缸进入注油板，在超高压的作用下，板料进一步紧贴凹模而成形其小圆角。

该四柱液压机液压系统中的关键是变频器
5与增压缸10.在液压成形中，根据工艺的需要，液压系统提供给液压室的工作流量和工作压力应该是不断变化的，因此液压系统所消耗的功率也应该是随着工作流量和工作压力的变化而不断变化的。

在着手分析压力冲击现象和化分合理的流体方程之前，去描绘一般的关于压力传递的机械理论。

通过参与这个关于阀门定位在一个较长点几乎没有摩擦的管道传输液体于两个蓄能源之间的结果之后是必要的。

这个阀门连接的顺流
管道截面和逆流管道截面考虑是一样的。

压力冲击流将通过阀门操作传递在两个管道之间，并且假设阀门的关闭速度不应用于坚固圆管理论。

如果阀门是关闭的，而液体的流向是逆方向的，缓慢前进，结果导致液体被压缩和管道的横截面膨胀。

阀门的压力增加导致高压液体逆向流动，延长了液体流过圆管通向阀这段管道的时间。

这种高压液体的流动类似声音的传播，是依靠液体和管道材料作为介质的。

同样，阀的顺流面流动的延迟，将导致减小压力在阀门处。

这个结果否定了高压液体的流动是沿着顺流管道的，阻止液体流动，假设流体压力在顺流管道是
不能减小液体压力的或者蒸汽压力或者溶解气体释放的压力，各种愿意的考虑是不同的。

这样，关闭着的阀门导致高压液体的流动是沿着管道的，尽管那些流动有着各种不同的征兆。

相对于稳定的压力流经阀门开启的管道。

这种影响是关于液体流动的延迟在两种管道截面之间，管道自身受到影响由于液体逆向产生高压，管壁膨胀。

同时，顺流管道缩短，由于流经液体的压力降低，这种管道横截面的巨大变形是由于管道材料的，并且能够被证明。

例如，使用薄壁型橡胶管材。

高压液体沿着液流前进。

实践证明，由于液体的张力流向沿着管壁，它的速度接近于声速。

在这种管道材料中，然而，这是一种次要作用，当认识到它的存在，能够解释一部分压力的传递时间随着阀门关闭特点，它几乎没有影响到压力标准应用在压力冲击现象。

在阀门关闭之后，这时是受压时间将主要依靠系统的边界条件，为了描绘阀门关闭的结果在同一个系统上，它将很容易说明在大量的图表上面，管道在每个时间段的情形。

由于阀门的关闭是瞬时的，液体接近每一段管道的阀门会带来停止，并且高压液体流动情况可能已经流过每一段管道。

在适应的流速c和一段时间t，这时
液体已经流过了一段距离1=ct，在每一段管道内，这时管道的横截面是变形也有一段距离1。

高压液体到达蓄能站通过管道的时间为t=1/c，在这段距离中出现了一个不稳定的位置，是在管道与蓄能站连接处。

由于是不可能出现层流在蓄能站连接处，而保持压力不同及其它的值在阀门关闭之前，流过每一个蓄能站的时间为1 /c，在逆向管道这边是高压液体的流动朝向阀门的关闭。

减小管壁的压力到其原值，并且恢复管壁的横截面积。

这时液体的流动需要产生差值。

从管道流向蓄能站，在管道的前段的液体流动有比较高的压力比蓄能站。

现在，由于系统
假设没有摩擦，这种巨大的逆向流动会有精确的对比和最初的流动速度。

在顺流蓄能站，存在相反的情况，导致液体压力上升流向和确定的顺流流向从蓄能站到阀门。

由于这里考虑的是简单的管道，恢复高压液体在管道和阀门之间的时间为2 1/c。

整个逆流管道也是同样，在返回最初的压力和流向在管道外也被确定时间为21/c，由于液体已经到达阀门，意味着没有液体提前在提供的逆向一个低的压力区域形成在阀门外，破坏了流向和给上升的压力减小流动流向逆方向的阀门。

再一次，带来流动的停止沿着管道且减小压力在管道中。

它已经被假设在阀门处压力下降，减小蒸发压力。

由于系统已经假设没有摩擦，所有的液面会有相同，绝对的，巨大的压力增加。

在稳定的运动压力下，会通过阀门的关闭产生。

如果压力增长是h，这时所有的液面是h，因此，液体逆流经过阀门的时间为21/c，存在一个值-h，同时，减少所有沿着管道的点从h降到最初的压力时间逆向流动到蓄能站的时间为31/c。

类似的，恢复液体最初的顺流到阀门的时间为21/c，并且流向从顺流管道流向阀门关闭，这会在阀门处带来流动停止，导致压力上升。

在整个顺流管道的每一段时间内压力h上升到最初的压力在流动停止时。

因此，在31/c时是一种不稳定的情形类似于在t=1/c的情形，出现在蓄能站和管道的连接处存在着不同。

即是逆流管道压力下降到最初压力和顺流管道上升到最初压力，然而，这种液体流动恢复机构所用时间是相同的t=1/c。

结果是逆流流向蓄能站，它有效地恢复环境沿着管道到它的最初值。

当液体到达关闭的阀门时，沿着每一段管壁都是相同的时间t=0，然而，由于阀门一直是关闭的，这种情形不能保持循环流动周期。

管道系统采用循环流动周期，瞬时选择一种专门的机械情形，管道的顺流和逆流对于阀是一样的。

实际，这是不同的。

因而，所描绘的周期将一直被使用，
除了压力变化在两管道之间不再表示相同相位关系，每一个压力周期的变化将是41/c，那里1和c代表着每一段管道适应的时期，这是重要的标记，一旦阀门是关闭的，这两个管道将做出相应的流动到任何一段距离。

通过上述冲击周期的描绘，可以划分压力-时间关系，在某一点沿管道上，这些变化的出现是类似的。

通过时间在任何一点h，液体到达某一点，系统假设流动速度为一个常数c，这主要集中在压力冲击依靠的方法是限制压力的升高和减小阀的启闭速度。

然而，存在着很重要的一点，没有减小开启压力，将发生。