外研版七年级英语下册Module8词汇、知识点总结

Module 8Story time I.重点单词
hair [wə:k]n. 头发
gold [ɡəuld]
n.金色; 黄金; 金牌forest['fɒrist] n. 森林once [wʌns]
adv. 一次; 一回
upon [ə'pɔn, əpən]prep. 在……上; 到……上
once upon a time从前decide[di'said]v. 决定
go for a walk散步
basket ['bɑ:skit]n. 篮子notice ['nəʊtis] v. 注意到all alone独自一人的
dark [dɑ:k]adj. 黑暗的pick [pik]v. 采; 摘
pick up拿起; 举起soon[su:n] adv. 立刻; 不久lost [lɒst] a dj. 迷路的around [ə'raʊnd] prep. 环绕着little ['litl] adj. 小的
towards [tə'wɔ:dz] prep.
往; 向; 朝……方向
knock[nɔk] v. 敲
door [dɔ:(r)]n. 门
answer['ɑ:nsə(r)] v. 应门; 回答push[pʊʃ]v. 推
enter ['entə(r)]v. 进入
bowl[bəʊl] n. 碗
hungry ['hʌŋgri]adj.
感到饿的; 饥饿的
right [rait]adj. 合适的; 恰当的finish ['finiʃ]
v. 吃完; 喝完; 用尽
either ['aiðə(r)]adv. 也(不) piece[pi:s]
n. 部件; 碎片; 一件/个/张
in pieces破碎
asleep[ə'sli:p]adj. 睡着的return [ri'tɜ:n] v. 返回; 归还cry[krai] v. 哭; 喊叫
at first起初; 首先
point[pɔint] v. 指向; 指
point at指着……
shout[ʃaʊt] v. 高声说; 大声喊jump[dʒʌmp] v. 跳
without[wi'ðaʊt]prep. 无; 没有part [pɑ:t] n. 部分; 地区; 地方
II.重点短语
1.once upon a time =long long ago 从前,很久以前,
once 的短语:once or twice 一两次once a week一周两次
once again=once more再一次,重新; at once 立刻马上
once 一次；一倍twice两次；两倍three times三次；三倍
2.decide (not ) to do sth .决定(不)做某事.
3.go for a walk =take a walk 出去散步
4.pick up 捡起,拾起,；拿起；代词放中间
5.notice sb. do sth . notice sb. doing sth .
watch sb. do sth ./wathc sb. doing sth .
see sb .do sth ./ see sb .doing sth .
hear sb. do sth ./hear sb. doing sth .
这些感观动词,听,看,后面跟动词原形,表示动作已经发生过,或经常发生的动作；后面跟动词ing ,表示动作正在进行.
6.all aione 独自一人
7.knock at /knock on the door敲门
8.be in pieces 碎了；破成碎片9.a piece of 一张
10.return sb. sth .=rerurn sth .to sb .将某物归还给某人
return=come back 返回, return =give back 归还,
return to +地点返回某地
11.at first 起初,首先
12.point to 指向,强调方向,较远的事物.
Point at 指着….指具体的东西,
13.with,具有,带有, without没有,
两个词语都是介词,后跟Ving/名词/.代词
14.look into 向… 里面看去. Walk into走进……
15.enter进入,
16.look的短语:look at 看…. Look around 环顾, 向四周看
look after 照顾,照看Look up 向上看,查阅look out 注意,当心, look down 向下看,看不起Look out of 朝外看
look like 看起来像look for 寻找
Look the same 看起来像, look forward to doing sth .盼望做某事
17.be asleep 在睡觉
18. I think +从句, 我认为, 否定:I don’t think ….否定前移
19.go to bed ,上床睡觉, go to sleep ,入睡,睡着
20.change into /change ..into ,使… 变成
22.again and again 一次又一次
23.get/be lost 迷路
24.be asleep 入睡
25.out of 从…出来；在..外jump out of…跳出……；
jump into跳进……hurry out of…冲出……rush out of 从..冲出来; take out of 从…取出来;jump out of .从… 跳出来;
look out of 从… 向外看.
26.动词充当主语,两种形式:
To +V原形或V-ing 后面动词用单三,be 用is 或was.
27.就近原则四组:
Here is /are/ there be / not only ….but also不仅..而且… /either ….or
要么..要么Neither ..nor既不…也不…就近原则即是:动词的单复数由最近的主语决定,称绝对值.
28.at all ,根本,after all 毕竟above all 首先,最重要的是
29.stop to do sth .停下做另一件某事(要做),
stop doing sth 停止正在做的事
remember to do sth.记起要做某事,(未做,要做)
remember doing sth .记起做过某事,
forget to do sth 忘记要做某事forget doing sth .忘记做某事
30.四个也:
too ,肯定或一般疑问句,句末,前加逗号；also, 肯定,句中,行前be 后
either,否定,句末,前加逗号；as well ,肯定,句末,不加逗号.
31.called =named 叫做
32.be excited about ..对..感到兴奋
be excited to do sth.做某事而感到兴奋
33.find out意为“发现、查明、弄清”，多指通过调查、寻问、打听、研究之后搞清楚，弄明白。

如：
We may never find out her real name.
I need to find out more about these lessons.
find 意为“找到、发现”，指通过寻找，发现某人、某物，
强调找的结果。

look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地寻找，强调“寻找”这一动作。

我正在找我的笔，但我到处都找不到。

I’m looking for my pen, but I can’t find it anywhere.
III.重点句子：
1.她决定带着篮子到森林去散步。

She decided to go for a walk in the forest with her basket.
2.不一会儿她迷路了。

Soon she was lost.
3.于是她朝房子跑去，敲了敲门，没人回应。

So she hurried towards it,and knocked on the door.Nobody answered.
4.难道这房子里没住人吗？
Didn`t anyone live in the house?
5.金凤花姑娘走进房子里，朝着一个小房子看去。

Goldilocks entered the house and looked into a small room.
6.她端起最大的碗，但她不喜欢她—它非常热。

She picked up the very big bowl but she didn`t like it—it was very hot.
7.但金凤花姑娘（身体）很重，很快，那把椅子碎了。

But Goldilocks was very heavy and soon the chair was in pieces.
8.于是，金凤花姑娘从床上跳起来，也顾不上提篮子，便匆忙地跑出房子。

So Goldilocks jumped out of bed and hurried out of the house without the basket.
9.它们起初没有注意到金凤花姑娘。

They didn`t noticed Goldilocks at first.
10.然后小熊指着他床上的小女孩。

Then Baby Bear pointed at the little girl in his bed.
IV.语法：
动词过去式形式:be用was 或were ,行为动词加ed
规则:
1.一般情况下直接加ed ;
2.以e 结尾的,直接加d ;
3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的,变y 为i 再加ed
4.重读,辅元辅,双写辅音字母,再加ed ,
5.不规则动词的过去式总结
1). 不变：cost-cost hurt-hurt put-put
let-let read-read
2). 只变一个元音字母：
o-a come-came become-became
i-a begin-began drink-drank give-gave
ring-rang sing-sang swim-swam
i-o win-won drive-drove ride-rode
o-e throw-threw know-knew
a-e draw-drew fall-fell
e-o get-got forget-forgot
3)．只变一个辅音字母：build-built has / have-had lend-lent lose-lost make-made send-sent spend-spent 4)增加一个辅音字母:
hear-heard burn-burnt learn-learnt mean-meant 5).改变两个元音字母：
break-broke speak-spoke choose-chose feed-fed meet-met feel-felt sweep-swept wear-wore
lie-lay say-said see-saw
6)．过去式含有ought / aught：buy-bought bring-brought
fight-fought think-thoughtcatch-caught teach-taught
7)．情态动词：
can-could shall-should will-would may-might
8).原形中有-ell:sell-sold tell-told smell-smelt
9)．其他:be-was/were do-did find-found
fly-flew go-went leave-left
stand-stood understand-understood
下面是一些常见的不规则动词的过去式。

be — was/were leave — left buy— bought meet — met
come — came read — readdo — did see — saw
get — got spend— spent have — had
swim — swamwrite —wrote take — took
句型结构：
1.否定形式：1).was /were +not ;
2)、在行为动词前加din’t ,同时行为动词还原为原形。

一般疑问句：1).was 或were 放于句首；
2)、把助动词do/does的过去式did 提前，同时行为动词还原为原形。

含义：当谈论过去的动作或状态时，常使用一般过去时，句中谓语要用动词的过去式形式。

1）句式变化如下：
肯定句式：主语+V-过去式+其他.
否定句式：主语+did not (didn’t)+V-原形+其他.
一般疑问句式：Did+主语+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答：Y es, 主语+did.
否定回答：No, 主语+didn’t.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序？
2）读音规则：
规则动词过去式“-ed”的发音分为三种，即/t/、/d/和/id/。

1）以清辅音结尾的单词加“-ed”后，“-ed”读作/t/;
2）以浊辅音和元音结尾的单词加“-ed”后，“-ed”读作/d/; 3）以“t”和“d”结尾的单词加“-ed”后，“-ed”读作/id/。