Exercises

Language points
I. Important words and expressions
1. date back to/date from
date back to/date from常用_________时态，________语态。

1). These old buildings possibly _____ the Ming Period.
A. are dated back to
B. date from
C. are dated from
D. date back
2). The bridge, which _________ 1688, needs repairing.
A. is dated from
B. was dated from
C. dates from
D. dated from
2. scale
on a large/small scale
on a global/international/world scale
1）Pollution can change the climate _______ ___________(全球).
2）The city was destroyed on a large___in the earthquake.
A. form
B. result
C. scale
D. size
3. restrict
restrict… to…
place/put restrictions on…
lift/remove restrictions on…
1). I restrict myself ____ one cup of coffee a day.
2). The government ___________________(限制)the numbers of cars.
3). The government wanted to _________________ (取消限制) interest rates.
4). Entry in this competition is _____ to amateurs.
A. weakened
B. omitted
C. restricted
D. lowered
5). (2005年广州) The government has agreed to lift___ on press freedom.
A. rules
B. regulations
C.restrictions
D. agreement
4. appeal
appeal to sb: s b be interested in…
appeal to sb to do sth: call on sb to do sth
1). The children aren’t interested in these pictures
=These pictures _____ _____ ___the children.
2). Church leaders have called on the government to stop the war.
=Church leaders have _______ ___the government to stop the war.
3). (2004年北京) The government is ___ to everyone to save water.
A. asking
B. appealing
C. declaring C. announcing
4). —Can you give me some advice about the design?
—I think it should _______ to all ages and social groups.
A. appear
B. appeal
C. suit
D. fit
II. Complicated sentences
5. not until
a) However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the
exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale.
b) However, the exploration of the botanical world didn’t begin on a large scale until the
eighteenth and nineteenth centuries
c) However, not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries did the exploration of the
botanical world begin.
★1. 在It is/was not until…that 中“not until”是一个整体，不可以拆开。

★ 2. “not until”置于句首时候，句子需部分倒装，把助动词提前。

Translate the following sentences in three different ways
直到他告诉我那个事实，我才意识到我错了。

I didin’t realize _____________________________________________.
It was ___________________ that _________________________________.
Not untl ______________________________________________________. 6. –ing form
原句呈现Brave young men took the opportunity of going on botanical expeditions, often facing many dangers including disease, near-starvation, severe environments and conflicts with the local people.
★动词-ing短语often facing many dangers including disease, near-starvation, severe environments and conflicts with the local people作谓语took the opportunity的伴随状语.现在分词短语作伴随状语，它同句子的主语构成逻辑上的主动关系，并且和句子谓语动作几乎是同时发生。

1).（全国卷III 2006）We often provide our children with toys, footballs or
basketballs, _______ that all children like these things.
A. thinking
B. think
C. to think
D. thought
2).（2006年湖北）Don’t sit there___nothing. Come and help me with this table.
A. do
B. to do
C. doing
D. and doing
7. Not only…but also
原句呈现Not only did Fortune introduce over 120 species of plants to Western gardens but he also shipped 20,000 tea plants from shanghai to India, where a successful tea industry was established.
★not only … but also 连接两个分句，并且not only 位于句首时，第一个分句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装。

★如果置于句首的not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不连接分句，就不能用倒装结构。

Not only John but also Ben should have got a full mark in the exam.
1). Not only ______to leave his homeland,but ______ taken away.
A.he was forced；was everything he had
B.was he forced；everything he had was
C.was he forced；was everything he had
D.he was forced；everything he had was
2). Not only____ interested in football but____ beginning to show an interest in it.
(02年上海卷)
A. the teacher himself is; all his students are
B. the teacher himself is; are all his students
C. is the teacher himself; are all his students
D. is the teacher himself; all his students are
III. Practise
Complete the paragraph with suitable words and expressions from the following.
date back to exotic it is not until…that..
on a large scale take great interest in…
take the opportunity of doing sth
come across conflict endeavour
restriction shave appeal to…
not only… but also…result in…
a large quantity of botanist seal
I____ ____an old friend, LiMing in the street yesterday. Our friendship____ ____ ____childhood, but we hadn’t seen each other for long. ___ ___ ____ ____he took off his dark glasses ___ ____ I recognized him. With long and thick beard, he seemed not to have____ for years. ____ ____ did his appearance change, ___ he ____spoke in a different way. Then I was told that five years ago he went to the U.S. for further study where he ____ _____ _____ _____botany and became a ____. He had just come back, bringing along ____ _____ ____ ____ exotic seeds ____ in a big bag,which almost ____ ____ ____ with the customs officials when checked in the airport. They have strict ____ on things taken from another country and They suspected the seeds were special bombs and I was a terrorist. Hearing this,I laughed, “It’s funny.”Finally, he said, “What a big change. JiNing has taken on a brand-new look which ____ ____ me very much.”I proudly told him, “Due to the 11th National Games, the government has ____ ____ ____ ____ carrying out city construction on a large scale with great ____. JiNing is becoming more and more beautiful.”。