【新教材】人教版(2019)高一英语选择性必修第一册课文语法填空 专项练习题(Word版,含答案)

【新教材】人教版（2019）高一英语选择性必修第一册课文语法填空专项练习题
（一）
Tu Youyou is universally acknowledged as a scientist of great1(achieve).Born in Ningbo,China,on30December1930,Tu Youyou graduated from Peking University Medical School in1955.In1967,she was chosen for a research team2was formed by the government with the aim of discovering a new treatment3malaria and two years later she became the head of the project in Beijing.She and her teammates examined over2,000old medical texts,4(evaluate)280,000plants for their medical properties,and tested380distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.As a5(commit)and patient scientist,she never acknowledged defeat whatever difficulty she met.After failing to draw out useful extract by6(boil)the sweet wormwood,she began even7(careful)thinking and research work.She drew8conclusion that boiling the sweet wormwood9(destroy)its medical properties.So she used a lower temperature10(draw)out the extract and finally she succeeded.
（二）
Albert Einstein,a genius well known for the theory of relativity,is universally considered the greatest scientist in modern physics.Born114March1879,Einstein tried to enter university in Switzerland when he was16,but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the2(enter)exam,though he did succeed in obtaining exceptional scores in maths and physics.It was in18963he managed to pass the exam.While4 (work)in the Swiss patent office,he continued to study and earned a5(doctor)in physics in1905.Four years later he quit the job and6(commit)himself to full-time research at a university.In1922,he was awarded the1921Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.
Sadly,the great genius had to7(flee)Germany in1933,8Hitler came to power and Jews were persecuted(迫害).After spending time in Europe,he finally took up9 position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton,USA.And he continued to make great10(achieve)in physics and mathematics.
（三）
Have you ever forgotten to lock the door of your house or switch off the TV?These kinds of things often happen to us,1can lead to problems.However,in the near future,we2(live)in smart homes that will lock the door and switch off the TV3 (automatic).These smart homes will provide us with a4(comfortable)environment.
Your home will learn your daily routine and5(preference),so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.For example,lights will come on6 (instant)you enter the door along with your favourite music.All controls will respond to voice commands,so you just say7you want and the home system will obey.Besides, it will give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how8(sleep)better.
This smart technology is not a fantasy.9,it will take some years10most new homes begin to use it.
（四）
The news that a passenger died when car crashes in driverless mode set off heated discussion.1(variety)people have different attitudes2driverless cars.On the one hand,some people3(oppose)to developing them say some advances in technology are unnecessary,even dangerous.4(actual),there are different groups of people around the world5live happily in the absence of new technology,such as the Amish,a group that6(live)mainly as farmers in rural America since the18th century.
On the other hand,others are in favor of driverless cars.They say new technology has brought many7(benefit)over the years.For example,weather-tracking computer programmes give us warnings about potential natural disasters,which saves many lives. Moreover,the Internet has made everything in life much8(easy).Personally,I have benefited a lot from technological advances.Of course,9new technology changes the
way we live,it can be a scary prospect.10,I'll always look on the positive side and accept it rather than resist it.
（五）
I wake up to the sound of the wind.Even though the sun is1(bright)shining, telling whether it's morning or night2(be)impossible.I'm above the Arctic Circle,3 in summer the sun never sets.I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge.
Sarek's mountains used to4(cover)by vast sheets of ice.Around9,000years ago, this ice5(melt),leaving behind about100glaciers.In1909,Sarek was made a national park to keep the land in its6(nature)state.All new7(develop)is banned within park boundaries.
After breakfast,I pack my bag and set out again.It will be full of sweat and hard work8(reach)my destination.9,I can't complain.Breathing the fresh air and enjoying this great adventure make me feel10(bless).What could be better?
（六）
There are1(variety)kinds of theme parks around the world.Whichever and whatever you like,there is an incredible theme park2(appeal)to you.The theme park you're3(probable)most familiar with is Disneyland,4will bring you into a magical world and make your childhood dreams come true.Dollywood,5(locate)in the southeastern USA,is unique because it shows and celebrates America's traditional southeastern culture.People come from all over America6(see)skilled workers make wood,glass,and iron objects in the old-fashioned way.And for those who like rides,7 (ride)on the only steam engine still working in the southeastern United States is a special treat.
Chimelong Ocean Kingdom in Zhuhai,China,is one of the leading ocean-themed8 (park)in the world,where watching the dolphin and sea lion shows is both9 (education)and fun.If it is ocean entertainment10you are looking for,come to Chimelong Ocean Kingdom!
（七）
Words are important,but body language can also give us1(inform)about people's feelings. Body language is one of2most powerful means of communication. It is used3 (convey) people's thoughts and opinions and to communicate with each other. When talking with others, you are not just using words,4using facial expressions as well as gestures. Just like spoken language, body language5(vary) from culture to culture.The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures.The gestures we use for “yes” and “no”and the way we greet6(different)around the world.Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”. Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps the best example is smiling.
A smile can help us get7difficult situations and find friends. A smile can break8 barriers. Experts suggest9(smile)at yourself in the mirror10(make)yourself feel happier.
（八）
It is important for an1(educate)to understand what makes each student tick.2 (general)speaking,I usually look3their body language.I know when students are really interested,because they lean forward and look at me.People have a4(tend)to lean towards whatever they are interested in.So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch,it implies he is5(bore)and just continuing the minutes for the class to end.
A good teacher should also have the strategy6(distinguish)when students are troubled,and try7(inquiry)what is going on about them.Anyway,reacting8body language is an important component for a teacher,9duty is helping all teenagers learn 10(active)and devotedly.
（九）
Known as the“father of hybrid rice”,Yuan Longping is one of China's1 (famous)scientists,who considers himself a farmer2his fame and influence.3 (tackle)the crisis of food4(short),he attended Southwest Agricultural College and made up his mind to study agriculture.Then as a researcher,he was devoted to finding
5approach to boosting yields without expanding the area of land.6(overcome) enormous difficulties,he developed the first hybrid rice in the world that could be used for farming in1974,which made7possible for farmers to expand their output8 (great).Not only has his innovation helped to feed China,but it9(alleviate)hunger in other countries depending on rice like India and Vietnam.Given his great contribution,he has received numerous awards both in China and abroad.In spite of being wealthy,he cares little for celebrity or money and makes large donations to support agricultural research.Old10he is,he is still working hard to fulfill his dream.
（十）
Given the fact that chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers can fight crop disease and increase production,they1(be)in widespread use since the1950s.However,with time going by,they have been proved2(harm)to the environment and human health if 3(use)for a long time.To tackle the problems,farmers have switched to organic farming 4an alternative.And organic food has become5favorite for many anic farmers rely on it that natural means could keep their soil fertile and free of disease. Different organic methods have come up,6goal is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to the human health.7,organic farming cannot replace chemical farming with a huge number of people8(feed)worldwide.There is still a long way to go9scientists find a suitable10(solve)that can satisfy the high demand for food while protecting the environment.
参考答案
（一）
1.achievement 考查词性转换。

句意:屠呦呦被普遍认为是一个具有伟大成就的科学家。

of 后接抽象名词表示某人或某物具有的某种特征或性质,故填achievement。

2.that/which 考查关系词。

此处指她被选入一个由政府成立的科研团队。

设空处引导定语从句,先行词为a research team,从句中缺少主语,故填that或which。

3.for 考查介词。

a new treatment for malaria 意为“治疗疟疾的新药”,故填for。

4.evaluated 考查动词的时态。

句中的examined、设空处和tested作并列谓语,用一般过去时,故填evaluated。

mitted 考查词性转换。

committed 为形容词,意为“尽心尽力的”,和patient一起作scientist的定语。

6.boiling 考查非谓语动词。

by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”,by 为介词,后接动名词。

7.more careful 考查形容词比较级。

此处指她开始甚至更加仔细的思考和研究工作,故填more careful。

8.a 考查固定搭配。

draw a conclusion that...得出……的结论。

9.destroyed 考查动词时态。

由上下文语境可知这是发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填destroyed。

10.to draw 考查非谓语动词。

分析句子可知,此处用动词不定式表示目的。

故填to draw。

（二）
1.on 考查介词。

有具体日期的时间前面要用on。

2.entrance 考查词性转换。

the entrance exam 意为“入学考试”,entrance在此处为名词作定语。

3.that 考查强调句式。

句意:是在1896年他设法通过了考试。

此处It was...that 为强调句式,强调时间状语。

4.working 考查非谓语动词。

While working...为状语从句的省略,省略了主语和be动词,补充完整为While he was working...。

5.doctorate 考查名词。

由设空处前的冠词a可知此处应用名词,doctorate 意为“博士学位”。

mitted 考查动词时态。

根据句子中时间状语Four years later及上下文语境可知应该用一般过去时。

此题注意不要受quit的干扰,quit的过去式、过去分词有两种——quit/quitted。

7.flee 考查动词的形式。

have to do sth.意为“不得不做某事”,故填flee。

8.when 考查非限制性定语从句。

句意:令人悲伤的是,这位伟大的天才1933年不得不离开德国,这一年希特勒上台执政,犹太人受到迫害。

句中的1933为先行词,设空处引导定语从句,并在定语从句中作时间状语,故填when。

9.a 考查冠词。

句意:在欧洲度过一段时间之后,他最终在美国普林斯顿高等研究院担任研究员的职位。

此处包括固定搭配take up a position,意为“担任,任职”。

10.achievements 考查词性转换和名词复数。

achievement作“成就”讲时是可数名词,故填achievements。

（三）
1.which 考查非限制性定语从句。

句意:这些类型的事情经常发生在我们身上,它们会引起问题。

设空处引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语,先行词为things,故填which。

2.will be living 考查时态。

句意:然而,在不久的将来,我们将生活在会自动锁门、自动关电视的智能房子里。

根据句意可知,此处应用将来进行时,故填will be living。

3.automatically 考查词性转换。

此处应用副词作状语,故填automatically。

4.more comfortable 考查形容词比较级。

句意:这些智能房子将为我们提供一个更舒适的环境。

根据上下文可知此处暗含一种与现在的比较,故用比较级more comfortable。

5.preferences 考查名词的数。

句意:你的房子将会得知你的日常生活及喜爱的东西,所以当你每晚回到家的时候,一切将为你准备妥善。

根据语境及句意可知,此处应用名词的复数形式,故填preferences。

6.instantly 考查词性转换。

此处指每天晚上你一进门灯就自动亮了。

表示“一……就……”应用instantly。

7.what 考查名词性从句。

句意:所有的开关都会对声音指令做出反应,所以你只要说出你想要的东西,这个家庭系统就会服从。

设空处引导宾语从句,并在从句中作want的宾语,表示“想要的东西”,故填what。

8.to sleep 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。

句意:此外,它将给你关于更健康的饮食和怎样睡得更好的建议。

此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构,故填to sleep。

9.Nevertheless 考查副词。

这里说的是,这种智能技术并非幻想。

不过,大多数新房子需要一些年才会开始使用它。

此处表示转折,故填Nevertheless。

10.before 考查连词。

此处是固定句型“it will take+时间段+before...”,意为“需要多长时间才……”,故填before。

（四）
1.Various 考查词性转换。

设空处应用形容词,用作定语,修饰名词people。

2.to/towards 考查介词。

the attitude to/towards...是固定搭配,意为“对于……的态度”。

3.opposed 考查词性转换。

opposed to developing them(=who/that are opposed to developing them) 为过去分词短语作定语,修饰名词people,be opposed to doing sth.意为“反对做某事”。

4.Actually 考查词性转换。

此处Actually是副词,用作状语,修饰整个句子。

5.who 考查定语从句。

设空处引导的是一个定语从句,并在从句中作主语,指代先行词different groups of people,故填who。

6.have lived 考查动词的时态。

由时间状语since the 18th century可知,此处应用现在完成时态。

7.benefits 考查名词复数。

此处benefit为可数名词,由many可知,应用其复数形式。

8.easier 考查形容词比较级。

句意:此外,互联网使得生活中的一切变得更容易。

根据句意可知,此处应用形容词比较级。

9.when 考查状语从句。

此处说的是当新技术改变我们生活方式的时候,那可能是一个可怕的前景,设空处引导的是一个时间状语从句,故填when。

10.However/Nevertheless 考查副词。

前文说到当新技术改变我们生活方式的时候,那可能是一个可怕的前景;后文说到我将总是看到积极的那面……。

此处前后文之间是转折关系,且设空处后为逗号,故用副词However或Nevertheless。

（五）
1.brightly 考查词性转换。

分析句子结构可知,设空处应用副词来修饰后面的shining。

2.is 考查时态和主谓一致。

分析全文的时态可知,设空处应用一般现在时,且主句中动名词短语作主语,谓语动词应用单数,故填is。

3.where 考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the Arctic Circle,且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where。

4.be covered 考查非谓语动词。

used to do...意为“过去常常做……”,且mountains 与cover之间是被动关系,故填be covered。

5.melted 考查动词的时态。

根据时间状语Around 9,000 years ago可知,此处应用一般过去时。

6.natural 考查词性转换。

分析句子结构可知,设空处应用形容词,修饰后面的名词state,故填natural。

7.development 考查词性转换。

分析句子结构可知,设空处前为形容词new,故设空处应用名词,故填development。

8.to reach 考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知,句中It作形式主语,后面应用不定式短语to reach my destination作真正的主语。

9.However 考查副词。

此处表示到达目的地需要付出汗水和努力。

然而,“我”不会抱怨。

上下文之间为转折关系,故填However。

10.blessed 考查词性转换。

分析句子结构可知,设空处前为系动词feel,故后面应用形容词作表语。

（六）
1.various 考查词性转换。

分析句子结构可知,此处应用短语various kinds of,意为“各种各样的”, 故填various。

2.appealing 考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知,设空处作后置定语修饰theme park, 且theme park与appeal为主动关系,故填appealing。

3.probably 考查词性转换。

句意:可能你最熟悉的主题公园就是迪士尼乐园了, 它会把你带入一个魔幻世界,实现你童年的梦想。

分析句子结构可知,设空处应用副词修饰形容词familiar的最高级形式,故填probably。

4.which 考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Disneyland,关系词在从句中作主语,故填which。

5.located 考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知,设空处作定语,修饰Dollywood, be located in...位于……,故填located。

6.to see 考查动词不定式。

分析句子可知,设空处应用不定式作目的状语,故填to see。

7.riding 考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知,设空处应为句子的主语,故填riding。

8.parks 考查名词复数。

根据空前的one of可知, 设空处应用名词的复数形式,故填parks。

cational 考查词性转换。

分析句子结构可知,设空处应用形容词作表语,且与and后面的fun并列,故填educational。

10.that 考查强调句型。

分析句子结构可知,此处为强调句型,被强调的部分为ocean entertainment,故填that。

（七）
rmation 考查词性转换。

根据固定搭配give sb. sth.可知此处需要一个名词,故填inform的名词形式information。

2.the 考查形容词最高级的用法。

one of+the+形容词最高级+n.(pl.)表示最……的……之一。

故填the。

3.to convey 考查固定搭配。

be used to do sth.被用来做某事。

故填to convey。

4.but 考查固定搭配。

not just...but...不仅……而且……。

故填 but。

5.varies 考查时态和主谓一致。

客观事实使用一般现在时态。

主语为body language,故填varies。

6.differ 考查时态和主谓一致。

这里介绍的是客观事实,所以应使用一般现在时态。

主语为The gestures...and the way,故填differ。

7.through 考查固定搭配。

此处指熬过困难的局面。

get through意为“熬过”,故填through。

8.down 考查固定搭配。

句意:微笑能够消除隔阂。

break down意为“消除”,故填down。

9.smiling 考查非谓语动词。

suggest doing sth.意为“建议做某事”,故填smiling。

10.to make 考查非谓语动词。

专家建议你对着镜子中的自己微笑的目的是使你自己感觉更开心。

此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。

故填to make。

（八）
cator 考查词性转换。

由设空处前的不定冠词an可知此处应用名词。

故填educator。

2.Generally 考查词性转换。

设空处修饰现在分词speaking,表示“一般说来”,应用副词形式。

故填Generally。

3.at 考查介词搭配。

此处指我通常观看他们的身体语言。

look at意为“观看”。

4.tendency 考查词性转换。

设空处被冠词a修饰,作动词have的宾语,应用其名词形式,故填tendency。

5.bored 考查词性转换。

此处指他感到无聊,故填形容词bored。

6.to distinguish 考查非谓语动词。

分析句子结构可知,设空处作前面名词strategy的后置定语。

又根据习惯用法可知,strategy后面的定语多由不定式构成,故填to distinguish。

7.to inquire 考查非谓语动词。

try to do sth.意为“尽力做某事”,故填to inquire。

8.to 考查固定搭配。

此处指对身体语言做出反应,react to意为“对……做出反应”,故填to。

9.whose 考查关系代词。

设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词a teacher,关系词在从句中作定语,故填whose。

10.actively 考查词性转换。

设空处修饰前面的learn,应用副词形式,故填actively。

（九）
1.most famous 考查形容词最高级。

此处指袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一。

由语境可知这里应用形容词最高级most famous。

2.despite 考查介词。

此处指尽管他负有盛名和影响力,他还是把自己看作一个农民。

空后fame和influence是名词,介词后可接名词,根据句意可知填despite,表示“尽管”。

3.To tackle 考查非谓语动词。

句意:为解决食物短缺的危机,他上西南农学院并下定决心学习农业。

根据句意可知,此处用动词不定式短语作目的状语,故填To tackle。

4.shortage 考查名词。

句意:见上题解析。

food shortage意为“食物短缺”。

5.an 考查冠词。

此处指他致力于找到一种提高产量又不用扩大土地面积的方法。

此处第一次提到approach,表泛指,用不定冠词,approach以元音音素开头,故用an。

6.Having overcome 考查非谓语动词。

此处指克服重重困难后,他在1974年研发出世界上第一株可用于农业的杂交水稻。

克服困难后才研发出杂交水稻,overcome的动作发生在谓语developed之前,与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,故用Having overcome。

7.it 考查形式宾语。

此处指这使得农民们能够大大地扩大产量。

动词不定式短语是make 真正的宾语,此处应用it作形式宾语。

8.greatly 考查副词。

此处用副词greatly修饰动词expand。

9.has alleviated 考查时态。

句意:他的新方法不仅有助于养活中国人,而且也缓和了其他像印度和越南这样的依靠大米的国家的饥饿问题。

not only...but...是连词,连接并列的分句,后一分句缺谓语,前一分句用现在完成时,故此处也应用现在完成时,故填has alleviated。

10.as/though 考查让步状语从句和倒装。

句意:尽管他年事已高,他仍然努力工作来实现他的梦想。

根据句意可知,此处表示“尽管”,从句表语old提到句首,用了倒装,故用as或though引导让步状语从句。

（十）
1.have been 考查动词时态。

此处指从20世纪50年代以来,它们就已经被广泛应用。

由since the 1950s可知此处应用现在完成时,主语为they,故填have been。

2.harmful 考查形容词。

此处指随着时间的流逝,它们已被证实对环境和人体健康是有害的。

prove作系动词,后可直接跟形容词,故填harmful。

ed 考查省略。

此处指如果长时间使用它们,对环境和人体健康是有害的。

if从句的完整形式为if they are used...,主从句主语一致,从句谓语中有be动词,省略从句的主语和be动词,填used。

4.as 考查介词。

句意:为解决这些问题,农民们已经转向有机农业作为替代。

根据句意,此处用as表“作为”。

5.a 考查冠词。

句意:并且有机食品已成为一种许多顾客特别喜爱的事物。

favorite在这里作名词,表“特别喜爱的事物”,此处第一次提到,表泛指,故用不定冠词a。

6.whose 考查定语从句。

句意:不同的有机方法已经被提出,它们的目标是在避免对环境和人体健康造成损害的同时种植好的食物。

此处需用关系词引导定语从句修饰先行词methods,whose表明所属关系,在从句中作定语。

7.However 考查副词。

此处指然而,有机农业不能代替化学农业。

上文说到有机农业的好处,下文说有机农业不能代替化学农业,意思发生转折,故填However。

8.to feed 考查with复合结构。

此处指全世界有许多人要养活,有机农业不能代替化学农业。

with复合结构中,表尚未发生的动作用to do。

9.before 考查连词。

此处指科学家在找到合适的解决方式之前还有很长一段路要走。

根据句意可知此处应填连词before。

10.solution 考查名词。

此处指科学家在找到合适的解决方式之前还有很长一段路要走。

find后接名词作宾语,故填solve的名词形式solution。