2018届高考英语二轮复习阅读提速练

阅读提速练(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2017·湖南长沙高三年级统一模拟考试)
In between running one of the world's largest charitable agencies and acting as Microsoft's technology advisor, Bill Gates manages to find time to read books, both long and short. Now Gates — who has been labeled a “greedy” reader — has released a list of his favorite books. All of the books are standout reads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy.
Here are Bill's top four picks (with parts of his full review of each book)．Business Adventures, by John Brooks
Brooks' collection was published in 1969 and remains one of Gates' favorites. He re­read it again this year, labeling it the best business book he has ever read.
“Shortly after we met, Warren Buffett lent me this collec tion of business articles from The New Yorker from the 1950s and 1960s. I loved them as much as he did. Brooks' insights (洞察力) into business have aged beautifully, and they are as true today as ever.”
Capital in the Twenty­First Century, by Thomas Piketty
Piketty's novel hit the shelves in August 2013 and sparked much discussion concerning income inequality throughout this year. Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the non­fiction work to discuss the topic.
“As I told him, although I have concerns about some of his secondary points and policy prescriptions, I agree with his most important conclusions: inequality is a growing problem and governments should play a role in reducing it.”
How Asia Works, by Joe Studwell
Studwell's work, which was published in May 2014, addresses how countries such as Japan, South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth, and why other countries have failed to do the same.
“The agriculture section of the book was particularly insightful. It pr ovided ample food for thought for me as well as the whole Agriculture team at our foundation. And it left us thinking about whether parts of the Asian model can apply in Africa.”
Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization, by Vaclav Smil Smil's books are a constant favorite of the Microsoft's founder — one of his
books makes Gates' list almost every year. “Making the Modern World” came out late in 2013 and explores the global use of materials, from silicon to wood and plastic.
“If anyone tries to tell you we're using fewer materials, send him this book. With his usual skepticism and his love of data, Smil shows how our ability to make things with fewer materials —say, soda cans that need less aluminum —makes them cheaper, which actually encou rages more production.”
【解题导语】本文介绍了比尔·盖茨喜欢阅读的四本关于商业和经济的书。

【难句分析】All of the books are standout reads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy.
分析：该句为主从复合句，句中most of which are focused on business and economy 为非限制性定语从句。

译文：根据这位亿万富翁所言，所有的这些书都是优秀读物，其中大部分书专注于商业和经济。

1．The books mentioned in the text are all about ________.
A．charity in the world
B．business and economy
C．poverty in the world
D．Bill Gates' life experience
解析：B 考查细节理解。

根据第一段的最后一句“All of the books are standout r eads, according to the billionaire, most of which are focused on business and economy”可知，比尔·盖茨喜欢的这些书都是优秀读物，其中大部分书专注于商业和经济，故B项正确。

干扰项分析：A项意为“世界慈善”，C项意为“世界贫困”，D项意为“比尔·盖茨的人生经历”，都与第一段的文意不符。

2．Of the books, ________ is best praised by Bill Gates.
A．How Asia Works
B．Capital in the Twenty­First Century
C．Business Adventures
D．Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization
解析：C 考查细节理解。

根据第三段的第二句“He re­read it again this year, labeling it the best business book he has ever read”可知，Business Adventures 这本书是最受比尔·盖茨称赞的，故C项正确。

3.Gates once had a personal discussion with the author of ________.
A．Capital in the Twenty­First Century
B．Business Adventures
C．How Asia Works
D．Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization
解析：A 考查细节理解。

根据第五段的第二句“Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the non­fiction work to discuss the topic”可知，比尔·盖茨和Capital in the Twenty­First Century这本书的作者坐下来交谈过，故A 项正确。

4．In How Asia Works, the author analyses ________.
A．why African agriculture cannot develop fast
B．how they can apply Asian economic model in African countries
C．why Asia is slow in agricultural development
D．how some Asian countries have rapidly grown in economy
解析：D 考查细节理解。

根据第七段的“addresses how countries such as Japan, South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth”可知，How Asia Works 主要介绍了一些亚洲国家如日本、韩国和中国是如何快速发展经济的，故D项正确。

B
(2017·银川4月检测)
Crossing your legs is an extremely common habit; most people don't even notice that they're doing it when they sit down. While you may find it comfortable to sit with one knee crossed over the other, it might be causing health problems that you are not aware of.
A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure. The reason for this is that the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart and that crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate. This causes your body to increase your blood pressure to push the blood back to the heart. You won't feel any immediate effects, but repeated, drawn­out increases in blood pressure can cause long­term health issues. So, planning to sit for a long period of time? Don't keep your legs crossed.
“Crossing your legs at th e knee can also cause pressure on the major nerve in your leg that passes just below your knee and along the outside of your leg，” explains Richard Graves, a medical expert. This pressure can cause numbness and temporary paralysis (麻痹) of some of the muscles in your foot and leg, preventing you from being able to raise your ankle —what we know as that “pins_and_needles”
sensation. While the feeling of discomfort may only last a minute or two, repeatedly crossing your legs until they feel numb can cause permanent nerve damage.
So next time you sit down, try to get yourself in the habit of sitting with both of your feet on the floor. Not only will it help your posture and stability, but it will also save your health in the long run.
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了人们将一条腿放在另一条腿上(跷二郎腿)的习惯，这种行为会导致一些健康问题。

【难句分析】The reason for this is that the blood in your legs has to work against gravity to be pumped back to your heart and that crossing one leg over the other increases resistance, making it even harder for the blood to circulate.
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。

两个that引导的都是表语从句，making it... to circulate为现在分词短语作结果状语。

译文：这是因为腿部的血液要回流到心脏，就要与重力对抗，并且把一条腿放在另一条腿上会加剧这种对抗，这使得血液循环更难了。

5．What can we learn about crossing one's legs?
A．It is a very bad social habit.
B．It can do harm to people's health.
C．It is usually practiced deliberately.
D．It can make others feel uncomfortable.
解析：B 考查细节理解。

根据文章前三段内容可知，人们将一条腿放在另一条腿上(跷二郎腿)会使血压上升，给腿部和脚部的某些神经带来压力，引起健康问题。

故选B项“它可能对人们的健康有害”。

6．According to the study, sitting with your legs crossed can ________.
A．affect your blood pressure
B．resist gravity effectively
C．lead to heart attacks easily
D．improve the function of legs
解析：A 考查细节理解。

根据第二段第一句“A study published in Blood Pressure Monitoring stated that sitting with your legs crossed can increase your blood pressure”可知，一项研究表明跷二郎腿会让血压升高。

故选A。

7．In the third paragraph “pins and needles” probably means ________.
A．being highly flexible B．being a little tired
C．serious muscle injuries D．slight sharp pains
解析：D 考查词义猜测。

根据上文可知，将一条腿放到另一条腿上所产生的这种压力
会使得脚部、腿部某些肌肉无知觉、麻痹阻止你抬起脚踝，从而引起疼痛。

故选D项“轻微的刺痛”。

8．What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To compare common habits.
B．To evaluate the effects of an experiment.
C．To give readers some advice.
D．To introduce research methods.
解析：C 考查写作意图。

通读文章内容可知，文章介绍在生活中跷二郎腿的习惯所导致的健康问题，旨在建议读者不要跷二郎腿。

故选C。

C
(2017·贵州省普通高等学校招生适应性考试)
A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven­day Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Thursday, according to the China National Tourism Administration. That is an increase of 7 percent compared with last year's Spring Festival. About 374,000 trips were organized by travel agencies, a 2.5 percent increase.
The administration also reported growth from individual and high­end (高端的) travelers and said that in addition to top and coastal cities, inland cities —such as those in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region —became important source markets. With many Chinese now traveling abroad for Spring Festival, their choice of destinations has expanded along with their growing interest in foreign cultures and services.
“Chinese tourists are increasingly willing to experience local cultures and services, including staying in private home, appreciating plants and watching monkeys in hot springs，” Li Xuejing, the agency's marketi ng manager, said.
A Chinese tourist surnamed Guo, who was vacationing on an island in the Philippines, said：“I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives.”
Another choice is Britain. Though the devaluation (货币贬值) of the pound is a factor, Britain's rich history and famous education tradition have caught the eye of Chinese.
【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。

国家旅游局统计，在今年春节期间去海外旅游的游客人数比去年同期有所上涨。

文章分析了这一现象的原因。

【难句分析】 A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland
tourists to overseas destinations during the seven­day Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Thursday, according to the China National Tourism Administration.
分析：该句为主从复合句。

句中which ended on Thursday为which引导的非限制性定语从句。

译文：根据中国国家旅游局统计，截止至星期四，在春节黄金周期间，中国大陆赴海外旅游的人次达到615万。

9．How many trips were made to foreign countries during the Golden Week of this Spring Festival holiday?
A．6,150,000. B．2,500,000.
C．7,000,000. D．374,000.
解析：A 考查细节理解。

根据第一段的第一句“A record of 6.15 million trips was ma de by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven­day Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Thursday, according to the China National Tourism Administration”可知，在春节黄金周期间，中国大陆赴海外旅游的人次达到6 150 000，故A项正确。

10．What can we learn about some inland cities in Guangxi?
A．They're reported to have become important attractions.
B．They're famous for all kinds of plants and monkeys.
C．They have the best hot spring in the world.
D．They belong to coastal source markets.
解析：A 考查细节理解。

根据第二段第一句中的“in addi tion to top and coastal cities, inland cities — such as those in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region —became important source markets”可知，除了一线城市和沿海城市，广西壮族自治区的许多城市也成了重要的旅游地，故A项正确。

11．What would Miss Guo do on her vacation according to the text?
A．Go shopping for gifts.
B．Study foreign cultures.
C．Relax and enjoy herself.
D．Chat with her relatives.
解析：C 考查细节理解。

根据第四段的“I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives”可知，这位郭姓游客认为现在她的旅游目的是放松和享受而不是购物或为亲人挑选礼物；据此可知，她在旅游期间会放松和享受。

12．Where does the text probably come from?
A．A guide book. B．A newspaper.
C．A scientific magazine. D．An advertisement.
解析：B 考查文章出处。

通读全文可知，文章第一段的第一句为文章主题句；结合下文内容可知，文章属于新闻报道，符合新闻报道文体的结构特征：先写明报道主题，接着分析原因。

故B项正确。

D
(2017·深圳第一次调研)
Much information can be conveyed, purely through our eyes, so the expression “eyes also talk” is often heard.
Can you recall any experience that further proves this statement? On a bus you may quickly glance at a stranger, but not make eye contact. If he senses that he is being stared at, he may feel uncomfortable.
It is the same in daily life. If you are stared at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you. If nothing goes wrong, you will feel angry about others' staring at you that way. Eyes do convey information, right?
Looking too long at someone may seem to be rude and aggressive. But things are different when it comes to staring at the opposite sex. If a man looks at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to turn away his gaze (注视), his intentions are obvious. That is, he wishes to attract her attention, to make her understand that he is showing affection for her.
However, the normal eye contact for two people engaged in conversation is that the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what the former is speaking, to tell him that he is attentive.
If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking, as if he tries to control you, you will feel uneasy. A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim, since he believes the false idea that to look straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication.
In fact, continuous eye contact happens between lovers only, who will enjoy looking at each other tenderly for a long time, to show love that words cannot express.
Evidently, eye contact should be done according to the relationship between two people and the specific situation.
体裁：说明文题材：介绍说明主题：眼睛会说话
【语篇导读】本文介绍了“眼睛会说话”的观点，告诉我们不同场合的眼神交流所代表的不同含义。

13．What may a person usually do on a bus?
A．Glance at a stranger with eye contact.
B．Use eyes to talk to a stranger politely.
C．Glance at a stranger without eye contact.
D．Talk to a stranger politely after a quick glance.
解析：C 细节理解题。

根据第二段第二句On a bus you may quickly glance at a stranger, but not make eye contact.可知，在公交车上人们可能会瞥一眼陌生人，但不会有眼神交流。

故选C项。

14．Why is a poor liar easy to be seen through?
A．He thinks that he is honest.
B．He wants to control the victim.
C．He feels uneasy about others' eye contact.
D．He looks straight at the victim for too long a time.
解析：D 细节理解题。

根据倒数第三段最后一句A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim, since he believes the false idea that to look straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication.可知，一个差劲的说谎者通常会因为看受害者太久而暴露自己，因为他错误地认为直视对方是诚实沟通的一个信号。

故选D项。

15．What may be the best title for the text?
A．Eyes Can Speak.
B．Eye Contact Matters.
C．Don't Stare at Others.
D．Use Your Eye Contact.
解析：A 主旨大意题。

文章在第一段Much information can be conveyed, purely through our eyes, so the expression “eyes also talk” is often heard.就提出了“眼睛会说话”这一主题，然后就不同场合的眼神交流进行了阐述。

故选A项。

Ⅱ.七选五
(2017·山东六校联考)
A good training partner can be a great asset (有用的人) to your training but if you get stuck with a bad one, it could lead you down the road to frustration. __1__ Here are a few things to look out for：
Dependable. Choose someone who you are sure will show up for every scheduled workout or who will call you if they can't make it. It is a drain (消耗) on your valuable energy especially before training to have to constantly remind your partner.
Attitude. Get a partner with a positive attitude. This is very important. If they constantly say that something is impossible or that they can't or you can't do something, you may end up believing them. __2__
Open mind. Get a partner with an open mind. Someone who has to do things his or her way all the time, will not listen to you and will not change his or her mind isn't a good partner. __3__ The leader should take into account the needs and feelings of the other partner not totally ignoring them.
Spotting. Get someone you feel comfortable with spotting you. One of the main roles of a training partner is spotting and if you don't trust them, there's not much point in having them around to help.
__4__ If you are a beginner, try to find someone who knows what they are doing. You will get more out of your training than if you train with another beginner.
While there are a number of advantages of having a training partner, there are also advantages of working alone. __5__
A．Training level.
B．Similar strength levels.
C．Be selective when choosing a training partner.
D．Find someone with a similar training goal as you.
E．In every partnership, one person will tend to be the leader.
F．Do not train with someone who is satisfied with no improvement.
G．In the end, it is really up to you whether or not you need a training partner.
【解题导语】本文为说明文，涉及体育运动话题。

作者在文中介绍了挑选一个好的健身伙伴需要考虑的几个因素。

1．解析：C 根据上文“A good training partner can b e a great asset (有用的人) to your training but if you get stuck with a bad one, it could lead you down the road to frustration”可知，健身伙伴有好有坏；再结合下文的“Here are a few things to look out for”可知，C项“挑选健身伙伴时要仔细斟酌”承上启下，符合语境。

2．解析：F 根据上文中的“Attitude. Get a partner with a positive attitude...”可知，挑选健身伙伴时要考虑对方的态度，选择那些态度积极的人做伙伴，而不要和那些不求上进的人结为健身伙伴，故选F。

3．解析：E E项中的“the leader”与空后的“The leader should take into account the needs and feelings of the other partner not totally ignoring them”相照应，故选E。

4．解析：A 根据下文的“If you are a beginner, try to find someone who knows what they are doing. You will get more out of your training than if you train with another beginner”可知，选择健身伙伴时还要考虑个人训练水平，挑选那些比自己水平高的人作为健身伙伴。

5．解析：G 根据上文的“While there are a number of advantages of having a training partner, th ere are also advantages of working alone”可知，G项“最终，你是否需要健身伙伴真的要由你自己来决定”符合语境。