高三英语一轮复习 Unit 2 Heroes课时作业 北师大版必修1

课时作业(二) [模块1 Unit 2 Heroes]
(限时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The word advertising refers to any kind of public announcement that brings products and services to the attention of people.Throughout history，advertising has been an effective way to promote(促进) the trading and selling of goods.In the Middle Ages，merchants employed “town criers” to read public messages aloud to promote their goods.When printing was invented in the fifteenth century，pages of advertisements (ads) could be printed easily and were either hung in public places or put in books.
By the end of the seventeenth century，when newspapers were beginning to be read by more people，printed materials became an important way to promote products and services.The London Gazette was the first newspaper to set aside a place just for advertising.This was so successful that by the end of the century several companies started businesses for the purpose of making newspaper ads for merchants. Advertising spread quickly throughout the eighteenth century.Ad writers were starting to pay more attention to the design of the ad text.Everything，from clothes to drinks，was promoted with clever methods such as repetition of the firm's name or product，words organized in eye­catching patterns，the use of pretty pictures and expressions easy to remember.
Near the end of the nineteenth century，companies that were devoted to the production of ads came to be known as “advertising agencies(广告商)”．The agencies developed new ways to get people to think of themselves as members of a group.Throughout the twentieth century，advertising agencies promoted consumerism(消费主义)as a way of life，spreading the belief that people could be happy only if they bought the “right” products.
1．What was advertising like in the Middle Ages?
A．Merchants were employed to promote products.
B．Ad messages were shouted out in public places.
C．Product information was included in books.
D．Ad signs were put up in towns.
2．What does the word “This” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Advertising in newspapers.
B．Including pictures in ads.
C．Selling goods in markets.
D．Working with ad agencies.
3．The 18th century advertising was special in its________．
A．growing spending
B．printing materials
C．advertising companies
D．attractive designs
4．Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A．The story of advertising
B．The value of advertising designs
C．The role of newspaper advertising
D．The development of printing for advertising
B[2013·安徽卷]
Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger，but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving(铺砌) a road can lead to less usable fresh water.
A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers.It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave，the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.
Human activity is not responsible for all water shortages(短缺). Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts(干旱) than areas with more rainfall，but in any case, good management can help to make sure there is enough water to meet our basic needs.
Thinking about the way we use water every day can make a big difference，too. In the United States，a family of four can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how much we depend on water to live，but there's a lot we can do to lower the number. You can take steps to save water in your home.To start with，use the same glass for your drinking water all day.Wash it only once a day.Run your dishwasher (洗碗机)only when it is full. Help your parents fix any leaks in your home. You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away. 5．Which of the following is most likely to lead to less groundwater?
A．Using river water.
B．Throwing batteries away.
C．Paving parking lots.
D．Throwing rubbish into lakes.
6．What can be inferred from the text?
A．All water shortages are due to human behaviour.
B．It takes a lot of effort to meet our water needs.
C．There is much we can do to reduce family size.
D．The average family in America makes proper use of water.
7．The last paragraph is intended to ________．
A．show us how to fix leaks at home
B．tell us how to run a dishwasher
C．prove what drinking glass is best for us
D．suggest what we do to save water at home
8．The text is mainly about ________．
A．why paving roads reduces our water
B．how much we depend on water to live
C．why droughts occur more in dry climates
D．how human activity affects our water supply
Ⅱ.完形填空
A hero is someone who does something that you will appreciate later in life.Your hero might be your mum or dad or both.__9__ my hero is Florence Kelley—it was she who__10__ you and me from child labour.
In 1871，when she was twelve years old，Florence's father__11__ her to a glass factory to show her the wonders of America's factories，where she__12__ small children working with pots full of acid.Florence was__13__．She later learned that there were over 1 million__14__ working in hot，crowded and unsafe factories.The work was very__15__．Every year tens of thousands of kids died or were seriously hurt.In 1889，Florence knew something had to be done.She__16__ people not to buy goods made by child labour.She gave speeches and wrote reports.Within a few years she had become__17__．Everyone across the state knew her as the__18__ against child labour.In 1893，Florence fought for a new law in Illinois.That law said that__19__ factories could have child labour.
In 1894，smallpox__20__ in Illinois.Lots of people died of it.Florence knew that smallpox was passed__21__ from one person to another.It was even passed in clothing.Florence knew that sick people were__22__ making clothes and giving the clothes to the children and people in their village.That meant that they were taking the__23__ home with them.Florence knew she had to__24__．She visited factory after factory and whenever she saw__25__ workers she made them stop working.Florence told the factory owners to burn the__26__．Florence's actions saved many American children from smallpox，and she__27__ working for children's rights for the rest of her life. Florence Kelley is certainly a hero to me，__28__ if it wasn't for her，you and I could be working in factories and holding pots full of acid.I，indeed，will always thank her for fighting against child labour.
9．A.But B．So
C．And D．Thus
10．A.prevented B．protected
C．saved D．separated
11．A.invited B．took
C．drove D．introduced
12．A.kept B．stopped
C．greeted D．saw
13．A.angry B．lucky
C．curious D．nervous
14．A.women B．girls
C．children D．graduates
15．A.interesting B．dangerous
C．successful D．impressive
16．A.warned B．expected
C．ordered D．asked
17．A.famous B．powerful
C．attractive D．active
18．A.leader B．actress
C．student D．champion
19．A.all B．few
C．no D．most
20．A.turned up B．died away
C．broke out D．called back
21．A.gradually B．easily
C．entirely D．secretly
22．A.again B．also
C．already D．still
23．A.work B．hope
C．money D．disease
24．A.retire B．act
C．leave D．bear
25．A.young B．old
C．healthy D．sick
26．A.clothes B．factories
C．drugs D．houses
27．A.considered B．suggested
C．kept D．risked
28．A.though B．because
C．when D．unless
Ⅲ.语法填空
A: I read a book about John Milton this afternoon. It was very interesting and __29__(move)．
B: Really? Who's John Milton?
A: He is a very famous English poet and one of __30__(great) Englishmen.
B: __31__ else did you learn?
A: He was born in 1608 in London. Even __32__ he was young, he had his idea of writing a great poem.
B: How interesting!
A: He mastered Latin and Greek __33__he learned some French, Italian and Spanish. He studied the latest theories of science to prepare __34__ his great works. B: That's unbelievable.
A: In 1649, he __35__ (become) the Foreign Secretary of Cromwell. He worked endlessly for twenty years. Unluckily, he became completely blind with his greatest works still __36__(complete).
B: Oh, no! That's terrible!
A: And then it got __37__worse…
B: May I ask a question? Did you say Milton was completely blind? How could he write if he was blind?
A: He dictated everything to __38__ daughter.
B: Oh! He was really a great man.
29．________30.________31.________32.________33.________
34．________35.________36.________37.________38.________
课时作业(二)
Ⅰ.A
本文是一篇说明文，主要以时间顺序介绍了广告行业的发展史。

1．B 细节理解题。

根据第一段的“In the Middle Ages，merchants employed ‘town c riers’ to read public messages aloud to promote their goods.”可知，在中世纪，商人们雇用“街头公告员”大声读出公众信息来促销产品，故B项正确。

2．A 代词指代题。

根据第二段的“The London Gazette was the first newspaper to set aside a place ju st for advertising.”可知，“This”指的是“在报纸上登广告”，故选A项。

3．D 推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段的“Ad writers were starting to pay more attention to the design of the ad text.”可知，广告作者们正开始对广告文字的设计给予更多的关注，故D项正确。

4．A 主旨大意题。

纵观全文，本文主要介绍了广告业的发展过程，故A项正确。

B
人类活动对地球水资源供给的影响巨大，人类应该通过调整自身的活动方式来改变自身的生存环境。

5．C 细节理解题。

根据第一段“The more roads and parking lots we pave, the l ess water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.”可知，铺设马路、建停车场会导致地下水减少，而A、B、D三项都会导致水的供应量减少，而不是地下水减少，故排除。

6．B 推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“good management”，第三段中的“…the way we use water every day…”，以及第四段中的“…take steps to save water in your home.”可知，为满足我们用水的需求，需要做的努力还有很多。

7．D 推理判断题。

根据题干中的关键词“The last paragraph”定位到该段第一句“You can take steps to save water in your home.”，且它后面的内容都是围绕这个主题句展开的。

8．D 主旨大意题。

根据题干中的关键词“mainly about”定位到全文的内容。

文章第一段讲的是“铺设马路、建停车场会导致地下水减少”，后三段讲“为了满足我们的用水需求，我们能做的事情”。

所有这些讲的都是人类活动对地球水资源供给的影响，故选D。

Ⅱ. 每个人心目中都有属于自己的英雄。

在本文作者的心目中，弗洛伦丝是大英雄，因为如果不是她，你我都可能沦为童工，在恶劣的环境下工作。

9．A 也许父母是你心目中的英雄，但“我”心目中的英雄却另有其人。

but表示转折关系，符合语境。

10．C 是她使得你我不至于沦落为童工。

save sb from意思是“从(危险、损失、灾难等)中救人(生命)”，符合语境。

11．B 父亲带(take)12岁的弗洛伦丝到工厂来感受美国工业的繁荣。

12．D 在这家工厂，12岁的弗洛伦丝看到(see)有许多童工在艰苦的环境下工作。

13．A 看到有许多童工在艰苦的环境下工作，12岁的弗洛伦丝非常生气(angry)。

14．C 后来，弗洛伦丝了解到全美国有百万童工在艰苦的环境下工作。

依据语境，空格中应该填children。

15．B 由前一句“…working in hot，crowded and unsafe factories.”及后一句“Every year tens of thousands of kids died or were seriously hurt.”可知，童工们的工作环境异常艰苦，危险性也非常大。

16．D 弗洛伦丝号召大家不要购买童工生产的产品。

ask sb not to do sth请求某人不要
做某事。

17．A 由后一句“Everyone across the state knew her as the…against child labour.”可知，弗洛伦丝很有名(famous)。

美国各地的人们都知道，她是反对使用童工的领导者。

18．A 由上一题译文可知，该空应该填leader。

19．C 那是一部反对工厂雇用童工的法律，空格中应填no。

20．C 1894年，伊利诺伊州爆发天花。

依据句意可知，空格中填break out表示“(疾病、战争等)突然爆发”。

21．B 弗洛伦丝知道天花病传播性强，也就是很容易(easily)传播。

22．D 弗洛伦丝了解到那些患病的工人还(still)在制造衣服。

23．D 那些患病的工人还在制衣厂上班，这就意味着他们回家时也会把这种病(disease)带回家中。

24．B 弗洛伦丝知道该是采取行动(act)的时候了。

25．D 弗洛伦丝深入到工厂中，看到生病的(sick)工人，就要求他们停止工作。

26．A 弗洛伦丝还要求工厂老板把生病的工人生产的衣服(clothes)焚毁。

27．C 为了儿童的权益，弗洛伦丝奋斗终生。

keep doing sth“不停地做某事”，符合语境。

28．B 弗洛伦丝是“我”心目中的英雄，因为(because)如果不是她，你我都可能沦为童工，在恶劣的环境下工作。

Ⅲ.29. moving 30. the greatest 31. What 32. when
33. and 34. for 35. became 36. incomplete
37. even 38. his。