2017人教版高中英语必修四Unit2WorkingthelandPeriodOne学案

Father of Hybrid Rice—Yuan Longping
Yuan Longping，a Chinese scientist，was born in Yuan graduated
from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953 and since then he has
devoted himself to agricultural education and research.
Professor Yuan was a pioneer in hybrid rice research and made
remarkable achievements in this area，first developing hybrid rice in the achievements of Yuan Longping greatly solved the food shortage，and provided a solution to the worldwide is regarded as the fifth invention after China’s Four Major Inventions，and is acclaimed as the Second Green Revolution.
Yuan Longping was the first person to develop hybrid new technology was tested in many areas of South China in 1974 and 1975，and then extended to the other became the first country that is capable of producing hybrid Longping is the first scientist who successfully realized large­scale farming of hybrid earned him the title “Father of Hybrid Rice”.
His pioneering work in hybrid rice breeding and production techniques has revolutionized rice cultivation in China，establishing China’s world leading position in hybrid rice present，the hybrid rice developed by Yuan is planted on the farmlands all over China，which played an important role in increasing China’s grain increased harvests mean that 22% of the world population are fed from just 7% of the world’s total farmland.
根据上文完成下列各题
1．What is his hybrid rice called?
His hybrid rice is regarded as the fifth invention after China’s Four Major Inventions.
2．What role does his hybrid rice play in China?
His hybrid rice made it possible that 22% of the world population are fed from just 7% of the world’s total farmland.
3．Do you want to be a scientist on farming in the future?
Give your reasons.
The answers may vary.
Period One Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.单词
1．n.数据；统计statistic
十年；十年期decade
产量；输出output
庄稼；农作物crop
饥饿；欲望hunger
战斗；战役battle
自由freedom
谷物；粮食grain
国籍nationality
工作；职业occupation
2．v.斗争；拼搏；努力struggle
使变大；伸展expand
循环；流传circulate
装备；配备equip
输出；出口export
3．adj.晒黑的sunburnt
特级的super
引起烦恼的；令人不安的disturbing
ad v.因此；所以therefore
Ⅱ.短语
1．幸亏；由于thanks to
2．摆脱；去除rid...of
3．宁愿；宁可would rather
4．对……感到满意be satisfied with
1．Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.
袁隆平种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。

2．This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields.这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获20%的产量。

3．Using his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.
用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。

4．He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。

5．He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.他从梦中醒来，希望能种植一种可以养活更多人的水稻。

1．Indeed，his sunburnt face and arms and his slim，strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers，for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.
的确，他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身体，就跟其他千百万的中国农民一样，过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。

[归纳拓展]
struggle v i.& n．斗争；拼搏；努力
struggle with与……斗争
struggle for 为争取……而斗争
struggle against与……斗争；为反对……而斗争
struggle to do sth.努力做某事
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
[语境助记]
(1)She struggled to keep back the tears.
她努力忍住泪水。

(2)It was a hard struggle to get my work done on time.
为使工作按时完成，我做了一番努力。

(3)Lisa struggled with her conscience before talking to the police.
跟警察谈话前丽莎与自己的良知作斗争。

[题组训练]
(1)They were poor and had to struggle for life (为生活而挣扎)．
(2)She’s struggling to support a family on her own(独自养活这个家庭)．
(3)He struggled to his feet (挣扎着站起来)and dragged slowly ahead.
2．At that time，hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.
当时，饥荒是许多农村地区面临的令人焦虑的问题。

[归纳拓展]
hunger n．饥饿；欲望；v.(使)饥饿；渴望
have a hunger for渴望
hunger for/after渴望得到
disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的
disturb v t.打扰；使烦恼
disturbed adj.烦恼的；不安的
[语境助记]
(1)Hunger is the best sauce.饥不择食。

(2)The girl has a strong hunger for knowledge.
这个女孩有强烈的求知欲。

(3)Word that the war would last long was disturbing.
战争会持续很久的消息让人不安。

(4)It disturbed her to realize that she was alone.
她意识到自己孤单一人，心里感到不安。

[题组训练]
(1)We all hunger for others’ understanding.
我们都渴望得到别人的理解。

(2)Nowadays the whole world has a hunger for peace.
如今全世界渴望和平。

(3)It is very disturbing that we haven’t heard from him.我们没有收到他的信，这很令人不安。

(4)At times the balance in nature is disturbed，resulting in a number of possible unforeseen effects.有时自然平衡被扰乱，导致了许多可能预料不到的结果。

3．Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.
袁隆平要在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求达到增收稻米的途径。

[归纳拓展]
expand v．使变大；伸展；扩大，扩展；增加
expansion n．展开；膨胀；扩展
expand...into...将……扩展/发展成……
expand on/upon详述；详细阐明
[语境助记]
(1)He is thinking of expanding his business.
他正在考虑扩大他的生意。

(2)In ten years the city’s population expanded by 12%.十年之中，该市人口增加了百分之十二。

[题组训练]
(1)The writer is expanding his story into a novel.
这位作家正把他的故事扩展成一本小说。

(2)Could you expand on that point，please?
请你把那一点详细说明一下好吗？
4．He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.
于是，他拿出数百万元帮助其他人进行农业研究。

[归纳拓展]
equip v t.& v i.配备；装备
equipment n．装备；设备
equip sb./用……武装某人；用……装备某物
equip sb./为……而武装某人；为……而装备某物
[语境助记]
(1)They equipped themselves for the expedition.
他们为远征准备装备。

(2)A good education should equip you for life.
良好的教育能使你受用终生。

(3)There are a lot of pieces of equipment in the gym.
健身馆里有很多设备。

[题组训练]
(1)The soldiers were well equipped with (装备)weapons.
(2)This library is equipped for (为……而装备)atomic research.
(3)Our classroom is equipped with (装备有)a computer and a tape recorder.
(4)All classes of this school are equipped with modern equipment.(equip)
1．Thanks to his research，the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.
多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法。

[归纳拓展]
thanks to幸亏；由于；因为。

表示“由于”的短语还有：because of，owing to，due to，on account of。

rid sb./...使某人/某物摆脱……
get/be rid of 摆脱；除去
[语境助记]
(1)Thanks to your help，I am successful.
多亏了你的帮助，我成功了。

(2)You should rid yourself of the smoking habit.
你应该改掉吸烟的习惯。

(3)I can’t get rid of this headache.
我这头疼老也不好。

[题组训练]
(1)Thanks to the timely rain，the crops were saved.
多亏了这场及时雨，庄稼得救了。

(2)If I ruled the world，I would rid the world of wars.
如果我统治了世界，我就会让世界消除战争。

(3)Further measures will be taken to rid our streets of crime.
将采取进一步措施来防止街头犯罪。

2．Yuan Longping is quite satisfied with his life.
袁隆平很满意他的生活。

[归纳拓展]
be satisfied with＝be content with＝be pleased with对……感到满意
be satisfied to do对做……感到满意
to one’s satisfaction 令某人满意的是
with satisfaction 满意地
[语境助记]
(1)Are you satisfied with his answer?
你对他的答案满意吗？
(2)Everyone is quite satisfied with Liu Qian’s performance.大家对刘谦的表演很满意。

(3)He was satisfied to win the race.
他对赢得比赛感到满意。

[题组训练]
(1)I am not satisfied with your must improve it.我对你的工作不满意，你一定要改进。

(2)To my satisfaction，I have passed the examination.
令我满意的是我通过了考试。

(3)She looked back on her career with great satisfaction.回顾自己的事业，她深感欣慰。

3．He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。

[归纳拓展]
would rather宁愿；宁可
(1)would rather的否定形式为would rather not。

(2)would do A rather than do B/would rather do A than do B/prefer to do A rather than do B，表示“宁愿做A也不愿做B”。

(3)would rather后接动词原形或that从句。

接从句时要用虚拟语气，即用一般过去时表示现在或将来要做的事，用过去完成时表示过去要做的事。

[语境助记]
(1)He would rather stay at home watching TV.
他宁愿待在家里看电视。

(2)I’d rather not go there.我宁愿不去那里。

(3)I would rather you had gone there last night.
我宁愿你昨晚去了那里。

[题组训练]
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)I would rather you knew (know)now，than afterwards.
(2)Rather than ride (ride)on a crowded bus，I prefer to walk (walk)．
(3)She would rather die (die) than lose (lose) her children.
4．Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.袁隆平种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。

[归纳拓展]
what后引导的句子为宾语从句，做grow的宾语，what在从句中作主语。

what引导的名词性从句相当于名词的作用，可作主语、宾语或表语，且what在从句中可用作主语、宾语或表语。

[语境助记]
(1)What we need is patience.我们需要的是耐心。

(2)They arrived in what was called “the New Continent”．他们到达了一个叫“新大陆”的地方。

(3)The question is what he wants to do next.
问题是他下一步想做什么。

[题组训练]
用适当的连接词填空
(1)The companies are working together to create what they hope will be the best means of transport
in the 21st century.
(2)Many young people in the West are expected to leave what could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.
5．In 1973，he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.
1973年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。

[归纳拓展]
一般当中心词为序数词、最高级，the last，the only等或中心词被这类词修饰时多用不定式作定语。

[语境助记]
(1)He was the first volunteer to come.
他是第一个来的志愿者。

(2)He is among the best students to do the experiment.他是做实验的最好学生之一。

[题组训练]
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)He is the first to come (come) and the last to leave (leave)．
(2)I am the only man to hear (hear) the news.
(3)Edison was the first scientist to build (build)a modern research and development centre. 6．Using his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.
用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。

[归纳拓展]
本句中twice as large as是表示倍数关系的一种句型，意为“是……的两倍”。

常用的倍数的表达法还有：……倍数＋比较级＋than；……倍数＋the＋名词(size/length/width/height/weight)＋of。

[语境助记]
This river is three times as long as that one.
This river is twice longer than that one.
This river is three times the length of that one.
这条河是那条河的三倍长。

[题组训练]
(1)句型转换
The wire is four times as long as that one.
The wire is three times longer than that one.
The wire is four times the length of that one.
(2)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as (3倍大) the present one.
He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.
句式分析：此句为复合句，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a kind of rice。

自主翻译：袁博士从梦中醒来，希望能种植一种能养活更多人的水稻。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They had to struggle(奋斗) for their lives against bad weather.
2．It’s very disturbing(令人焦虑的) that there has been an increase in crime in the last six months. 3．The small business has expanded(扩大) into a large multinational company.
4．I recommend this book to be widely circulated (传播) among the students.
5．He felt satisfied (满意) at having realized his dream.
Ⅱ.选词填空
expand into，thanks to，rid...of，be satisfied with，would rather，equip...with，
struggle with/against，circulate...to，export...to，in the hope of
1．He went to the city in the hope of making money.
2．His company has expanded into a big one after ten years of hard work.
3．You must rid yourself of the burden of the secret.
4．We’ll have to equip our office with word processors，won’t we?
5．Thanks to the teacher’s explanation，it’s clear to me now.
6．She has been struggling with/against illness for many years.
7．The bad news was circulated to his father at last.
8．Nowadays many teenagers would rather get advice from strangers online.
9．Japan exports electric appliances to Europe.
10．One shouldn’t be satisfied with only a little success.
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．Better stay with you stay with us，you are much safer.
Better stay with so，you are much safer.
2．That was the way he treated his parents.
That was how he treated his parents.
3．The weather in Kunming is much better than the weather in Harbin.
The weather in Kunming is much better than that in Harbin.
4．As she didn’t know the way to the hospital，she turned to the police for help.
Not knowing the way to the hospital，she turned to the police for help.
5．They went to the supermarket on foot instead of by taxi.
They went to the supermarket on foot rather than by taxi.
6．A modern city has been set up in the place that was a wasteland ten years ago.
A modern city has been set up in what was a waste­land ten years ago.
Ⅰ.课文理解
1．The text is mainly about .
A．Yuan Longping’s achievements in farming
B．Yuan Longping’s daily life
C．the world’s hunger problem
D．the world’s rice problem
答案A
2．If Yuan Longping works with other farmers in the field，it is hard to tell him from others because .
A．he regards himself as a farmer
B．he is really like other farmers
C．he wears simple clothes like other farmers
D．people don’t know who Yuan Longping is
答案B
3．Which of the following is NOT the hobbies of ?
A．Playing mah­jong.
B．Swimming.
C．Listening to violin music.
D．Listening to rock and roll.
答案D
4．The main idea of the last paragraph is that .
A．Yuan Longping always has a lot of dreams when sleeping
B．dreams can help people achieve greater achievements
C．Yuan Longping’s another dream is to export his rice
D．Yuan Longping proves that one dream is not always enough
答案B
5．From the text，we can know that .
A．Yuan Longping found a way to increase rice harvests by expanding the area of fields
B．Yuan Longping is satisfied with his life because he is famous and rich
C．in the 1950s，many parts of the countryside were short of food
D．his way of increasing rice harvests only works in some Asian countries
答案C
Ⅱ.课文缩写
Famous scientist he is，Y uan Longping considers himself grows is called super hybrid a young man，Yuan Longping saw the great need for increasing the rice that time，hunger was a (disturb) problem in wanted to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the 1973，a special strain of rice made possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same his research，the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of (hungry)．Using his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice as (large) as is now circulating his rice knowledge in less developed countries increase (increase) their rice harvests and he wants to export his rice so that it can be grown around the he has struggled for the past five decades，Dr Yuan is quite satisfied his his spare time，he enjoys listening to violin music，playing mah­jong，swimming and reading.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Two things I really believe in—saving money and saving the planet，and it’s even better when I can do something that accomplishes both at the same time.
Rainwater harvesting is just such a the near future，rainwater harvesting will be as common as twelve­year­old girls carrying cell phones.
Many countries already rely heavily on Bermuda，for example，every building on the small island collects the rainwater from its roof and stores it for later ，America is just slightly behind the curve.
There are many ways you can begin harvesting rainwater and most of them are easy and example，use rain barrels to collect the water that would ordinarily run off of your ’d be surprised how fast a fifty­gallon barrel will fill with free，usable building construction offers some good ways to gather rainwater，and the cost of installation(安装) is usually offset(抵消) by reduced usage very drains can be piped into underground tanks，where a pump can draw it up as needed.
The rainwater can even be treated to make it drinkable！If that rainwater were not collected，but allowed to run over your lawn，into the street and eventually to a stormwater treatment facility，
it would pick up all sorts of pollutants(污染物) on its journey—fertilizers and pesticides from the grass，motor oil，antifreeze and such from the roads，and who knows what else.
Depending on where you live，the stormwater may be piped to a treatment plant or it may run in natural channels to allow nature to remove the way，the treatment of stormwater is you reduce the amount of stormwater run­off from your home or office，you reduce the need for treatment.
Water is rapidly becoming one of our most precious resources and it is not as abundant as you may think.
1．According to the passage，harvesting rainwater can .
A．benefit people economically and environmentally
B．promote the development of economy and peace
C．benefit our health and the surroundings as well
D．make us live a better life in the near future
答案A
解析细节理解题。

根据文章首段可知，无论从经济还是环保的角度考虑，收集雨水都是非常有益的。

2．What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A．Harvesting rainwater in America is not common.
B．There is no need for Americans to harvest rainwater.
C．Americans don’t show interest in harvesting rainwater.
D．Americans can’t collect rainwater from the roof correctly.
答案A
解析推理判断题。

由第三段可知，美国的情况与Bermuda的情况不同。

由此可推知，在利用雨水这方面美国做得并不好，故选A项。

3．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A．How to fix the equipment under the ground.
B．How to reduce the cost of new equipment.
C．How to take advantage of the rainwater.
D．How to harvest rainwater effectively.
答案D
解析主旨大意题。

由第四段可知，该段主要讲述的是如何有效地收集雨水，故选D项。

4．What is the best time for us to harvest rainwater to drink?
A．Before it reaches our roofs.
B．After it runs over our lawns.
C．After it drops from the roof.
D．After it runs into the street.
答案C
解析细节理解题。

根据第四段和第五段可知，在雨水从房顶落下时收集，短时间内收集的量多，不仅收集效率高，而且更易于净化处理成可以饮用的水。

B
Why do men live a shorter life than women？The latest research indicates that men’s hearts going into a rapid decline when they reach middle age could be the cause.
The research of ageing on the heart has shown that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose much pumping power with age.
“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20 percent～25 percent between 20 and 70 years of age，”said the head of the study，Samantha of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.
“Within the heart there are millions of cells which make it the ages of 20 and 70，one­third of those cells die and are not replaced in men，”said Samantha.“This is part of the ageing process.”
What amazes scientists is that the female heart suffers very little loss of these healthy 70­year­old woman’s heart could work almost as perfectly as a 20­year­old one’s.
“This gender(性别) difference might give the reason why men live shorter than women，”said studied over 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 17 and 80，who are mainly healthy persons so as to reduce the influence of disease.“The team has yet to think about why ageing suffers a greater loss on the male heart，”said Samantha.
But there is also good news—men can enjoy the health of their hearts with regular stressed that women should also take regular exercise to stop their leg muscles getting weaker as they age. 5．The underlined word “longevity” in the second paragraph means “”．A．health B．long life
C．ageing D．effect
答案B
解析词义猜测题。

根据第一段的第一句话“Why do men live a shorter life than women？”可推知“longevity”的意思是“长寿”。

6．The text mainly talks about .
A．men’s heart cells
B．women’s ageing process
C．the gender difference
D．hearts and long life
答案D
解析主旨大意题。

本文探讨了男人比女人寿命短的主要原因，那就是与心脏细胞数量的减少有关。

男人的心脏细胞在20岁到70岁之间会丧失三分之一，因而心脏的功能降低了20%～25%，而女人的心脏细胞在这个年龄阶段几乎没有丧失。

因此，本文的中心话题是心脏与长寿。

7．According to the text，the UK scientists have known that————.
A．men have fewer cells than women when they were born
B．women can produce the cells that make the heart beat
C．the female heart suffers less loss of the cells with age
D．women will never suffer the loss of pumping power with age
答案C
解析细节理解题。

根据第五段的第一句“What amazes scientists is that the female heart suffers very little loss of these cells.”可知答案为C。

8．If you want to live a long life，you should .
A．enable your heart to beat much faster
B．think about the reason for ageing
C．take regular exercise
D．stop your cells from being lost
答案C
解析细节理解题。

根据最后一段的内容可知，男人经常锻炼可以拥有健康的心脏，女人经常锻炼可以避免腿部肌肉的衰弱无力。

因此，要想长寿，就要积极锻炼。