初中必备英语短语动词技巧全解及练习题(含答案)含解析

初中必备英语短语动词技巧全解及练习题(含答案)含解析
一、短语动词
1．Eton College in England was in 1440 by King Henry VI to give free education to poor students．
A. cleaned up
B. set up
C. fixed up
D. cheered up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：英国的伊顿大学是由亨利六世在1440建的，为了给贫困的学生免
费的教育。

clean up打扫干净；set up建起；fix up安排；修理；cheer up使振作起来；使
高兴起来。

根据句意可知选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

2．—I'm sorry that I forgot to turn off the light.
—Don't worry. I'll have it __________.
A. turn off
B. turned off
C. turned on
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：---抱歉我忘记关灯了。

---别担心，我将把它关掉。

turn off关掉；
turn on打开。

短语：have sth done，请人做某事，使某事被做。

此处宾语light与动词turn
off之间构成被动关系，用过去分词，故答案为B。

【点评】考查过去分词作补语，牢记固定搭配。

3．Joe has caused many problems and his dad can't ______ good ways to solve his trouble.
A. come up with
B. catch up with
C. work out
D. write down
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】come up with”想出“；catch up with”赶上“；work out”解决“；write down”
写下来“。

句意为：Joe惹出许多麻烦，他的爸爸想不出方法来解决他的麻烦。

”想出方法
“用come up with，故选A。

【点评】考查短语动词的辨析。

4．If you want to know more about space, please ___________ the book A Brief History of Time.
A. look through
B. look around
C. look after
D. look down upon
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想多了解太空，请浏览《时间简史》这本书。

look through
浏览；look around环顾四周；look after照顾；look down upon瞧不起。

根据句意，故答案
为A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

熟记短语，理解句意，根据语境判断选项。

5．Please keep still, or I can't cut your hair. It's dangerous.
A. don't come
B. don't move
C. don't be late
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：请不要动，不然我不能给你剪头发，很危险。

keep still静止不动；A.别来；B.别动；C.别迟到。

故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语的意思。

6．If he keeps on working so hard, he'll under the pressure of work.
A. break down
B. break away
C. break out
D. break into
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：如果他继续这么努力工作，他会在工作的压力下垮掉的。

break down出故障，抛锚；（健康）垮掉。

break away脱离；break out爆发；break into闯入。

根据句意，故答案为A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记短语，理解句子，根据句意判断。

7．We are getting ready __________ Christmas.
A. to
B. with
C. for
D. of
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】get ready for……为固定短语，意为“为……做准备”。

【点评】考查介词辨析和固定搭配。

8．The traveler ______ his map to make sure he was not lost.
A. looked after
B. looked up
C. looked for
D. looked down
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：旅行者为了确保自己不会迷路去查阅地图。

A.照顾；B.查阅；C.寻找；D.瞧不起，向下看。

此处应是查阅地图，以防迷路，故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

注意选项的词义和用法。

9．Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and which university is the best for her to attend.
A. put out
B. stay out
C. find out
D. run out
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：蒂娜来中国是为了体验中国文化，查出哪所大学最适合她。

A：put out 熄灭；B：stay out不回家；C：find out查出；D：run out用完。

根据which
university is the best for her to attend，可知要查出哪所大学适合她，故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语的辨析。

理解短语的意思，根据语境选择正确的动词短语。

10． --- Kangkang, could you tell me how to cook noodles?
--- OK. First, you should_______ham, cabbage and onions finely.
A. cut up
B. cut down
C. cut off
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意为:一康康，你能告诉我怎样煮面条吗?一好啊，首先，你得把火腿、洋白菜和洋葱切成碎末。

A.切碎;B.砍伐;C.切断、停止。

根据语境可知，这里指的是切成碎末，故应选A。

11．—The box is too heavy to carry. What's in it?
—Oh, it is________ books
A. filled with
B. covered with
C. used for
D. asked for
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：—这箱子重得搬不动。

里面是什么？。

—噢，它装满了书。

be filled with意为“用……装满”；be covered with意为“用……覆盖”；be usede for意为“用来做”；be asked for意为“请求”。

根据句意重得搬不动，应该是装满了书。

故答案为A。

【点评】考查短语动词be filled with,同义词组为be full of
12．We must plant more trees after we _______ every year.
A. cut off them
B. cut them off
C. cut down them
D. cut them down
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须每年在砍掉树木之后种植更多的树。

cut off切断；cut down砍倒。

根据前文的trees可知砍伐树木用cut down，作宾语的代词them应放在cut 与副词down之间，故答案为D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析及动词短语的用法：“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语时，代词放在动词后副词前
13．一 It's difficult to fix my mind on what I'm doing.
一 I think you need some rest. Why not have a rest first?
A. give up
B. focus on
C. talk about
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——很难把思想集中在我正在做的事情上。

——我觉得你需要休息。

为什么不先休息呢？fix one's mind on把思想集中在……上；give up放弃；focus on集中（注意力）；talk about谈论。

故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语。

14．The students ought to wear school uniforms when they're at school.
A. are supposed to
B. are allowed to
C. would like to
D. love to
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:当学生们在学校的时候应该穿校服。

ought to的意思是应该，后跟动词的原形。

be supposed to 被认为应该做某事；be allowed to do sth.被允许去做某事；would like to 愿意去做某事；love to 喜欢去做某事。

故选A。

【点评】考查动词。

15．﹣______! Something is falling down from the tall building.
﹣ Dear me! It's dangerous.
A. Look out
B. Help yourself
C. What a pity
D. Shut up.
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：﹣﹣留神!有东西从高楼上掉下来了. ﹣﹣哦，亲爱的！这是危险的. look out当心，留神，向外看，help yourself自取……，what a pity真可惜，shut up安静，闭嘴，根据后面一句话"有东西从高楼上掉下来了. "可知这里应该提醒对方注意，故选：A.
【点评】考查动词短语，理解句子的意思及每个选项的意思，结合语境选择合适的答案.
16．We are planning to go for a picnic this weekend, but it the weather.
A. keeps on
B. puts on
C. depends on
D. goes on
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：我们计划这个周末去野餐，但要看天气而定。

A：keeps on继续； B： puts on穿上； C： depends on依靠，取决于； D： goes on继续。

根据go for a picnic与the weather的关系，可知野餐取决于天气情况。

故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

理解动词短语的意思，根据句子结构，选择正确的动词短语。

17．He never ____learning English .That was why he was successful at last.
A. gave in
B. gave out
C. gave up
D. gave away
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：他从不放弃学英语，那就是他最后成功的原因。

give in 屈服，让
步；give out发出（光，热等）；分发；give up放弃；give away泄露（秘密等），故选C。

【点评】考查短语辨析。

18．The company wants to a school for the poor children．
A. put off
B. set up
C. call in
D. look after
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：这家公司想为贫困儿童建一所学校。

put off推迟；延期；set up 建立；call in召集；打电话；look after照顾。

故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

19．—What are you doing, Uncle Wang?
—I am choosing some clothes and I'll _______ to kids in West China.
A. give them up
B. give them away
C. give them off
D. give them in
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】考查短语辨析。

give up意为“放弃”；give away意为“赠送”；give off意为“放出”；give in意为“呈交”。

答语句意：我在挑选一些衣服准备送给中国西部地区的孩子们。

故选B。

20．The 2022 Winter Olympics will __________ in Beijing, setting up the Chinese capital to become the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympic Games.
A. take up
B. take place
C. take part
D. take on
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：2022年的冬季奥林匹克运动会将会在北京举行，设立中国的首都变成第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。

A. take up占据；从事；B. take place举行；C. take part参加；D. take on承担。

结合语境，故选B。

21．Look at the heavy rain! Nobody knows when the plane will _____ and when it will land.
A. get off
B. take off
C. turn off
D. put off
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：看这么大的雨！没有人知道飞机将什么时候起飞，什么时候降
落。

A. get off下来，下车；B. take off起飞，脱掉；C. turn off关掉；D. put off推迟，拖延。

根据句意可知选B。

22．—Is the girl really that woman's daughter? But she doesn't __________ her at all.
—But sure she is. She takes after her father.
A. look like
B. look for
C. look up
D. look after
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——那个女孩真的事那个妇女的女儿吗？但是她看起来一点也不像她。

——但是她的确是。

她长得像她的父亲。

look like看起来像； look for寻找； look up 抬头看； look after照顾；根据She takes after her father.可知此处表示长得像父亲，因此一点也不像母亲，故用短语look like，故选A。

23．To make the hall brighter, they have decided to ______ two more lights.
A. put in
B. put out
C. put on
D. put off
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：为了使大厅更加明亮，他们已经决定放入另外两盏灯。

put in提出，提交，放入；put out扑灭；put on穿上，上演；put off推迟。

根据句意To make the hall brighter可知，这里应是在大厅里再放两盏灯，故应选A。

24．The house is dangerous to live in. It should be
A. looked up
B. left out
C. thrown away
D. pulled down
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：住在这房子里很危险。

应该把它拆掉。

A. looked up查阅；B. left out遗漏，忽略；C. thrown away扔掉；D. pulled down推倒。

危房应该推倒重建，故答案为D。

25．—Mum, shall I leave today's homework till tomorrow?
—Better not, dear. Never ___________ what you can do today till tomorrow.
A. put on
B. put out
C. put off
D. put up
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，我要把尽头的作业留到明天吗？——最好不要，亲爱的。

不要把今天能做的事留到明天。

put on穿上，put out扑灭；put off推迟，put up张
贴，我们不能把今天的事推迟到明天是常识，故选C。

【点评】此题考查动词短语。

注意每个短语的意思。

26．—What good news! Eric will be a delegate of MUN and will set off for New York next Monday.
—Yes, he made it as last. I'm sure his cultural exchange will be educational
A. leave for
B. be away from
C. go on a trip to
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——多好的新闻！Eric将会是代理联合国的代表，下星期一动身
去纽约。

——是的，他最后成功了。

我确信他的文化交流会有教育意义。

set off for: 动身
去，相当于leave for, 故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。

根据语境判断出划线词的意义，选出意义相同的选项，确保替代
后句子通顺，意思不变。

27．I'm afraid I can't go swimming with you, because I have to _______ my little brother at home A. look for B. make fun of C. care for
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：恐怕我不能和你一起去游泳，因为我不得不在家照顾我的小弟
弟。

A. 寻找，B. 嘲笑，C. 照顾，根据语境，不能一起去游泳，应是为了照顾弟弟，故选
C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

首先读懂句意，然后选出合适的短语，确保句子通顺。

28．— There is an exam next week. What should I do?
— I think that if you ________ your study schedule for a week, you will pass it．
A. agree with
B. stick with
C. give up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——下周有考试，我该怎么办？——我认为只要你坚持你的学习
日程表一周，你就能通过考试。

A、agree with同意，B、stick with坚持，C、give up放弃，
根据题意可知，学生比较害怕考试，因此需要有一个好的学习规划，故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据语境对选项逐一进行筛选，填入符合语境的单词。

29．It's not a good habit to _______what you can do today till tomorrow.
A. take off
B. put off
C. get off
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：把今天能做的事推迟到明天去做不是一个好习惯。

A脱掉，B推
迟，C下车，根据what you can do today till tomorrow，可知是推迟，故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据what you can do today till tomorrow的语境选择合
适的用法。

30．— How long does it take you to prepare for the English exam?
— It takes me about one week and a half.
A. take off
B. decide on
C. get ready for
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——你准备英语考试花了多长时间？——花了一个半周。

prepare for为……做准备；take off脱下；起飞；decide on决定；get ready for为……做准备。

故选Ｃ。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。