2022届高考英语三轮冲刺 短文改错考点梳理讲义

短文改错考点梳理
命题点一·冠词
【名师点津】
1．a，an，the在单数可数名词前的用法。

如在以元音音素开头的名词前加不定冠词时用“an”，即使单词拼写以辅音字母开头，但该词的读音是元音开头，加不定冠词时，也要用“an”。

如：an hour，an honor。

反之，拼写以元音字母开头，但读音是辅音，加不定冠词时用“a”。

如：a university, a useful book等。

2．熟记用或不用冠词的一些特殊情况。

如学科名称、球类、棋类前不加冠词。

如：play football；演奏乐器，乐器前常加定冠词。

如：play the piano；某些固定词组的区别。

如：in front of 与in the front of，in charge of与in the charge of等。

【真题速递】
1. This is my first visit to a Australian family.
2. Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire.
3. What surprised us most was that the blind girl played piano so well.
4. One day Li Ping was riding in the street when the old man came across the street without noticing her.
5. Bungee jumping is considered a good example of such a activity.
6. In spring of 2008, he paid a visit to the south of China.
7. Tom told the doctor he had got headache and bad cough.
8. What an exciting news we've he ard!
9. Why is she in such great hurry?
10. Chin a has changed so greatly since eighties of the twentieth century.
11. This dictionary is a same as the one I lost.
12. At last he found a job paid by an hour.
13. Let's do the experiment the third time. Maybe we'll succeed this time.
14. In my opinion, it is a great fun to collect coins.
15. Finally the boy chose a bigger one of the two apples.
16. Many people dream of walking in the space like astronauts one day．
17. Did you have wonderful time at the party yesterday evening?
18. Henry is a honest young man, w ho never tells lies.
19. Alexander Graham Bell invented telephone in 1876.
20. Professor Wang was elected the president of the college.
命题点二·名词
【名师点津】
1．分清可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词有单复数形式，不可数名词没有复数形式。

2．熟记可数名词的复数形式及常用的不可数名词。

3．注意可数名词在句中的用法，要么在其前加a、an或the，要么用其复数。

4．不能混淆修饰可数名词的词与修饰不可数名词的词。

(只能修饰可数名词的有few, a few，many, a number of; 只能修饰不可数名词的有little, a little, much, an amount of, a great deal of；二者都可修饰的有plenty of, a lot of, lots of，a quantity of, quantities of，masses of等)．5．注意固定搭配中单复数形式。

如：in tears, in ruins, in rags; in need, for example take action 等。

【真题速递】
1. Sometimes we talk to each other very well in class, but after class we become stranger at once.
2. You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet.
3. But when I saw your wife and children waiting for me with warm smile of welcome on their faces. I immediately knew that everything could be all right.
4. For Americans, distance in a social conversation is about an arm's long to front feet.
5. I am afraid of making new friend.
6. It is said that her new novel is great success.
7. What fine day we have today!
8. I forgot all of the room's numbers.
9. One of the first thin g Bill did was to teach us how to play basketball.
10. The man has been hunting for a work for a long time.
11. In our school, there are eighty woman teachers in all.
12. The Smith will make a trip to China during the coming spring, won’t they?
13. The patient has stayed in the hospital for one and a half month.
14. The couple wanted to buy some furnitures for their new house.
15. The young should make rooms for the old in the crowded bus.
16. I asked the salesman for some changes, but he had only a large note.
命题点三·动词
【名师点津】
1．看句子结构。

英语中每个句子都有谓语，且由动词来充当，所以句子不能没有谓语或把其他词看作谓语。

2．时态。

特别要注意一般现在时、一般过去式，现在完成时的用法。

3．语态。

不及物动词没有被动语态(take place, happen, occur, beak out, fall, rise, die, lie, appear 为常见的不及物动词)。

4．一致。

包括与前面人称和数的一致及几个动词的结构一致。

5．正确运用非谓语动词。

【真题速递】
1. Instead of helping him standing up, Li Ping shouted at the old man angrily.
2. But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.
3. When I speak to them, they would stare at my mouth.
4. Around the world more and more people are taken part in dangerous sports and activities.
5. Look back at my childhood experiences, I think that three reasons might explain the fear.
6. Hurry up! We must get there before the sun set.
7. You do say that you would lend me some money yesterday.
8. You will soon notice that they have formed a group making up of doctors and lawyers.
9. The room is dirty. It needs cleaned.
10. The teacher came in, followed a group of students.
11. My suggestion is that we will discuss it another day.
12. The building which is now built near my school will be a well-equipped hospital.
13. This question must worked out at once.
14. The Second World War was broke out in 1939.
15. I need one more stamp before my collection completed.
16. Cleaning women in big cities usually get pay by the hour.
17. Look! The dogs are tr ained to help the blind to cross road.
18. We are hoping that a concert will held soon at which the works of Liszt will play.
19. In order to prevent the fire from spreading, some of the houses nearby had pulled down before the firemen arrived.
20. Luckily, her father escaped killed in the war.
21. He as well as I are a student of English.
22. Doing morning exercises are good to us.
23. Losing in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
24. If he is here, we would know bow to do it.
25. The teacher insisted that her students did their homework alone.
26. Have he had the time, he would have done it.
27. Without electricity human life will be quite different today.
28. What interests me most is better wages and working conditions.
29. Either Bob or I are to blame.
30. The old is taken good care of in our country.
命题点四·形容词和副词
【名师点津】
1．分清形容词和副词，譬如某些以—ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词，如：friendly，lively，lovely，deadly，silly，orderly，timely等。

2．正确选用形容词和副词，注意二者不同的作用：形容词修饰名词作定语；置于系动词后作表词；还常作一些动词的宾补。

副词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、全句或名词词组，作状语。

3．注意形容词和副词的一些特殊情况。

譬如：i11，content，afraid，alive，asleep，awake，worth等表语形容词，不作前置定语，并有固定的副词来修饰它们。

如：sound／fast asleep，wide awake，well worth等。

有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以形容词-1y构成，但它们有不同的含义。

例如close／close1y，free／freely，high／highly，wide／widely，deep／deeply，hard／hardly，most／mostly等。

4．要分清不同类的“等级”，以免混淆。

5．掌握修饰比较等级的副词even, a little, much, far, still, any。

【真题速递】
1. I could describe myself as shy and quietly。

2. The fast you run, the sooner you'll get there.
3. They look for an immediately pleasure from a dangerous activity.
4. You shouldn't stand too closely to him.
5. Because her son Tom seemed terrible ill.
6. There are wild animals deeply in the forest.
7. China is a country with much population.
8. After two weeks' careful treatment , her mother was good enough to go to work.
9. Seeing the trouble he caused, he promised to be more carefully in the future.
10. Don't sleep with the windows opened.
11. Farther explanation is unnecessary.
12. Swimming is a much better daily exercise than walk.
13. We must make as fewer mistakes as possible.
14. Mary is much tall than any other girl in the class.
15. Even though he is the most fastest runner, he is not good athlete because he lacks courage.
命题点五·代词
【名师点津】
1．人称代词应注意：①不能错用格（主格，宾格，所有格）②上下文单复数一致。

2．指示代词应注意。

①this，that指单数，these，those表示复数。

②this，that可作副词用，意思相当于so．③such，same多用于固定结构，如Such as／that，the same as／that
3．关系代词不能跟关系副词混在一起。

4．熟记常用的不定代词，如one，a11，both，either，neither，each，many，much，little，few，other，another，something，nothing等，并注意以下几点：①这些词本身不同的意思。

②若在定语从句中做先行词，关系代词应用that．③something，anything，nothing常看作单数，代词用it，修饰它们的形容词应后置。

【真题速递】
1. Every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own．
2. Please help you to some fish, my friends.
3. At once I apologized and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.
4. My parents were all at home yesterday evening.
5. My father asked Tom and I to help with the housework.
6. I found that difficult to speak in front of so many people.
7. There have always been people have looked for adventure.
8. The wounded soldier lived there for other five days.
9. If you meet Jack or Tom, tell them to call me.
10. It was me who cleaned the classroom this morning.
11. The book I want to read it is not in the library
12. This isn't your book. The one on the shelf is your.
13. That was not until eleven o'clock that I finished my work last night.
14. Some people like to stay watching TV at home, while other like to go to the cinema.
15. I invited Bill and Tom to my birth day party, but none of them came.
16. He is one of those students who is able to read in Russian.
17. China has hundreds of islands, the largest of them is Taiwan.
18. Paris is the place where I'd better visit first.
19. This was all which Oxford had to offer.
20. Do you work near the building which color is white?
【实战训练】
Dear Madam,
Thank you for taking your time read my letter. I am writing to apply to be a volunteer of the coming International Trade Exposition.
All the citizens are host for this great event. All of us should work hard to make good preparation for it. I promise I would try to serve for our honored guests from all over the world with enthusiasm. Besides, have a rich knowledge of Chinese history, I will be not only a servant but also a carrier for our splendid culture. What’s more, English, an international language, will play important role in communication. Unluckily, I am good at them and can express myself freely in English.
In a word, I believe I can be a qualified volunteer. I will value the chance and do that I can if I could b e accepted.。