湖南省株洲市高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练(5)

株洲市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文改错训练（5）及答案
(第篇)
Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and Richard.
“I’ ll be the first millionaire in Coleford！” Richard used to boast.
“And you’ll be sorry you knew me，” George would reply “because I’ll be the best lawyer in town！”
George never did become a lawyer and Richard never made any money. Instead both men opened bookshops on opposite sides of Coleford High Street. It was hard to make money from books, which made the competition between them worse.
Then Richard married a mysterious girl. The couple spent their honeymoon on the coast — but Richard never came back.The police found his wallet on a deserted beach but the body was never found. He must have drowned.
Now with only one bookshop in town, business was better for George. But sometimes he sat in his narrow, old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window, thinking about his former rival(竞争对手). Perhaps he missed him?
George was very interested in old dictionaries. He’ d recently found a collector in Australia who was selling a rare first edition. When the parcel arrived, the book was in perfect condition and George was delighted. But while he was having lunch, George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in. He was astonished — the smiling face was older than he remembered but unmistakable! Trembling, George started reading.
“Bookends have bought ten bookstores from their rivals Dylans. The company, owned by multi
[语篇解读] 本文讲述了Richard和George竞争的故事。

他们上学时就扬言要分别成为百万富翁和最好的律师，结果Richard实现了自己的梦想，George却没有。

1．George and Richard were ________at school.
A. roommates
B. good friends
C. competitors
D. booksellers
[解析] 细节理解题。

根据文章第一段“Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and Richard”可知两人是竞争对手。

[答案] C
2．How did George feel about Richard after his disappearance?
A. He envied Richard’s marriage.
B. He thought of Richard from time to time.
C. He felt lucky with no rival in town.
D. He was guilty of Richard’ s death.
[解析] 细节理解题。

根据第六段中的“But sometimes he sat in his narrow，old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window，thinking about his former rival.”可知George有时会想起Richard，故答案为B。

[答案] B
3． George got information about Richard from ________.
A. a dictionary collector in Australia
B. the latter’s rivals Dylans
C. a rare first edition of a dictionary
D. the wrapping paper of a book
[解析] 细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段中的“George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in...”可知George是在包书的报纸上得到了Richard的消息。

故答案为D。

[答案] D
4．What happened to George and Richard in the end?
A. Both George and Richard became millionaires.
B. Both of them realized their original ambitions.
C. George established a successful business while Richard was missing.
D. Richard became a millionaire while George had no great success.
[解析] 根据文章最后一段可知Richard最后成功了，而George依然开着书店，没有成为百万富翁，也没有成为有名的律师，A、B、C三项的表述都错误，所以答案为D。

[答案] D
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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A
Going to school means learning new skills and facts in different subjects. Teachers teach and students learn, and many scientists are interested in finding ways to improve both teaching and learning processes.
Sian Beilock and Susan Leving, two psychologists at the University of Chicago,
are trying to learn about learning. In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school, Beilock and Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn: If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills, then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math. “If these girls keep getting math-anxious female teachers in later grades, it may create a snowball effect on their math achievement,” Levine told Science News. The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are, then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.
Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult, teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn—and teach. The subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone.
The new study involved 65 girls, 52 boys and 17 first-and second-grade teachers in elementary schools in the Midwest. The students took math achievement tests at the beginning and end of the school year, and the researchers compared the scores The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed a math superstar had to be a boy. Then the researchers turned to the teachers: To find out which teachers were anxious about math, the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math, such as when reading a sales receipt.
A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt, for example, was probably anxious about math.
Boys, on average, were unaffected by a teacher’s anxiety. On average, girls with math-anxious teachers scored lower on the end-of-the-year math tests than other girls in the study did. Plus, on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy, 20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math—and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers with math anxiety.
According to surveys done before this one, college students who want to become elementary school teachers have the highest levels of anxiety about math. Plus, nine of every 10 elementary teachers are women, Levine said.
1. Sian Beilock and Susan Levine carried out the new research in order to ___________.
A. know the effects of teaching on learning
B. study students’ ways of learning math
C. prove women teachers are unfit to teach math
D. find better teaching methods for teachers
2. The underlined part in paragraph 2 most probably means that girls may ___________.
A. end up learning math anxiety from their teachers
B. study the ways their female teachers behave
C. have an influence on their math-anxious female teachers
D. gain unexpected achievement in such subjects as math
3. In the study, what were the teachers required to do?
A. Prepare two math achievement tests for the students.
B. Tell their feelings about math problems.
C. Answer whether a math superstar had to be a boy.
D. Compare the students’ scores after the math tests.
4. What is the finding of the new study?
A. No male students were affected by their teachers’ anxiety.
B. Almost all the girls got lower scores in the tests than the boys]
C. About 30% of the girls thought boys are better at math than girls.
D. Girls with math-anxious teachers all failed in the math tests.
5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. 117 students and teachers took part in the new study.
B. The researchers felt surprised at the findings of their study.
C. Beilock and Levine are interested in teaching math.
D. Men teachers are better at teaching math than women teachers.
参考答案B D B C B
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链接2.（2012北京卷）
“In wilderness(荒野) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.
As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(开发) brings to such landscapes(景观) is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities. To Mr.Sauven, these ”ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploit ation.
Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no further reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.
I look forwards to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm. This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.
67. John Sauven holds that_____.
A. many people value nature too much
B. exploitation of wildernesses is harmful
C. wildernesses provide humans with necessities
D. the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong
68. What is the main idea of Para. 3?
A. The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.
B. Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.
C. Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.
D. All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.
69. What is the author’s attitude towards this debate?
A. Objective.
B. Disapproving.
C. Sceptical.
D. Optimistic.
70. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
A. B.
C. D.
CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) C: Conclusion
【试题解析】短文在最后一段提到“This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.”。

由此结合上文可知，作者对于双方的辩论是持着客观的态度，A选项与此相符。

因此，正确答案为A选项。

【难度】一般
70.【答案】D
【试题解析】短文在第1段提出问题，在第2段和第3段分别列出了两方面的观点，第4段作者对两种观点谈了自己的看法，最后一段是全文的结论部分。

由此可知，D选项就是短文的结构框架。

因此，正确答案为D选项。

【难度】一般
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(2010·内江、广安模拟)
Last Saturday we had a party at home. Dad's friends come1.________
along with their families. Since Mom was not at home, Dad2.________
and I had to prepare everything, so it turned out such a miracle3.________ that they did make it! Everything went perfectly fine.4.________
A lot of kids who came that day. I had the most wonderful time5.________
with Steven. It was just amazed to find someone so much6.________
like me. We had a lot of things by common. The time seemed7.________
short to me, and I wished we could have had some more time8.________
to continue the conversation. Hopeful we're going on9.________
a trip together next summer, and also summer after next.10.________
答案与解析：
1．come→came整篇文章为一般过去时，应把come改为came。

2．√
3．so→but前后语境为转折关系，应把so改为but。

4．they→we根据上文可知作者使用了第一人称，此处指作者和父亲俩人，因此应把they改为we。

5．去掉who 本句为简单句，去掉who。

6．amazed→amazing主语为it，应用amazing作表语，表示“令人惊异的”。

7．by→in固定短语have...in common表示“有……相同之处”。

8．去掉had wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语应用情态动词＋动词原形，因此把had去掉。

9．Hopeful→Hopefully副词hopefully放在句首，表示“希望”副词作状语修饰整个句子。

10．在also后加the next summer指明年夏天，the summer after next指后年夏天。

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Last weekend I went to the Summer Palace as usually. At about noon, I was enjoying my reading near a lake while suddenly I hear someone crying for help. I went up to see what was happening. I was shocking to find a little child struggling in the water in the distance while many peoples were standing by without doing anything. Without
any hesitation, I had pushed through the crowd as I took off my coat, but jumped into
the water quickly. I managed to reach him and carried him back to safety. To his great
relief, the kid was saved.
I was proud what I had done. I wish everyone can give a hand when someone else
is in need.
参考答案：
Last weekend I went to the Summer Palace as usually. At about noon, I was enjoying
my reading near a lake
usual
while suddenly I hear someone crying for help. I went up to see what was happening.
I was shocking to find a
when heard shocked
little child struggling in the water in the distance while many peoples were standing
by without doing anything.
people
Without any hesitation, I had pushed through the crowd as I took off my coat, but
jumped into the water quickly. I
and
managed to reach him and carried him back to safety. To his great relief, the kid
was saved.
my
I was proud ∧what I had done. I wish everyone can give a hand when someone else
is in need.
of hope
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