北京高考英语完形填空专项训练

完形填空
Famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to “do what you love”. But mastering a skill, even one that you deeply love, ____1____ a huge amount of dull work. Anyone who wants to master a skill must run through the cycle of practice, ____2____ feedback, modification, and increasing improvement again, again and again. Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take pleasure in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work to be ____3____ or boring. Why?
The difference may ____4____ the ability to enter into state of “flow,” the feeling of being completely involved in what you are doing. Since Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi developed the
____5____ of flow in the 1970’s, it has been a mainstay of positive-psychology research. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has
well-defined goals and is at a(n) ____6____ skill level.
Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most ____7____ entered into flow states had an “autotelic (自成目的的) personality” — a disposition to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow. While those without such a personality see difficulties, autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills. With their capacity for “disinterested interest”, such people have a great ____8____ over others in developing their innate abilities.
Fortunately for those of us who aren’t necessarily blessed with an autotelic personality, there is evidence that flow states can be ____9____ by environmental factors. By giving ourselves unstructured, open-ended time, minimal _____10_____, and a task set at a moderate level of difficulty, we may be able to love what we’re doing.
1．A．inquires B．requires C．acquires D．gains 2．A．preventable B．maintainable C．sustainable D．critical 3．A．frustrating B．encouraging C．concerning D．instructing 4．A．move away B．turn on C．pick up D．call for 5．A．concept B．receipt C．reception D．condition 6．A．alternative B．appropriate C．approximate D．sufficient 7．A．fully B．really C．readily D．accidentally 8．A．addiction B．advance C．advantage D．admiration
9．A．forbidden B．operated C．fastened D．facilitated 10．A．temptation B．charm C．attractions D．distractions
What It Takes to Put Your Phone Away
According to the iPhone’s Screen Time, my typical daily phone activity includes 90 minutes of texting, one hour of e-mail, and yet another hour of social media. And there are also about seventy “pickups”, meaning that I ___11___ my phone about four times per hour. I carry my phone around with me as if it were a(n) ___12___.
I have tried all sorts of things to look at screens ___13___: I don’t get push notifications (推送通知). I use an app called Freedom to block social media for much of the workday. But they don’t seem to work.
The Georgetown computer-science professor Cal Newport argues that we must establish a “philosophy of technology use.” He recommends a month-long digital detox (脱瘾), in which a person takes a(n) ___14___ from all optional technologies. When it’s over, the digital minimalist (极简主义者) slowly reintroduces these technologies.
Newport defines a digital minimalist as someone who drops “low-quality activities like mindless phone swiping and halfhearted binge-watching (刷剧).” They are ___15___ high-value leisure activities such as board games, book clubs, and learning to “fix or build something every week.”
At the beginning of March, I decided to try to follow Newport’s advice. I adjusted the home-computer settings to cut my social media ___16___ to 15 minutes. And I changed my Freedom settings to ___17___ Twitter and Instagram altogether. I left my phone in the apartment whenever I walked my dog.
During the first few days of my internet decluttering (清理), I found myself compulsively (强迫性地) checking my unchanged in-box and already-read text messages—attempting, as if bewitched (着迷的), to see ___18___ information there. Soon I got used to the dull, pleasant blankness. One afternoon, I lay on my couch and felt an influx of mental ___19___ that was both disturbing and pleasurable. I didn’t want to learn how to fix or build anything, or start a book club.
I wanted to experience myself as soft and loose and purposeless.
On the first day of April, I took stock of my digital experiment. I had not become a different,
better person. But I had become more _____20_____ of why I use technology, and how it meets my needs. I loosened my home-computer settings on social media, back to 45 daily minutes. I considered my Freedom parameters, which I had already learned to break, and let them be. 11．A．charge B．check C．drop D．lift
12．A．litter bin B．oxygen tank C．travelling bag D．treasure box 13．A．less carefully B．more often C．less often D．more carefully 14．A．break B．example C．look D．step
15．A．in charge of B．in favor of C．in honor of D．in search of 16．A．allowance B．duration C．limitation D．waste 17．A．block B．browse C．cancel D．remove 18．A．free B．similar C．new D．various 19．A．disorder B．power C．resource D．silence 20．A．suspicious B．considerate C．guilty D．aware
When it came time to vote for the speaker at graduation in the class meeting, Ms. Lenihan asked who would like to be our class speaker. Being a (an) ____21____ girl, I tried not to make eye contact. Seeing several classmates go up to the front to state why they should be the speakers, I felt a sense of ____22____. But at last Ms. Lenihan ____23____ in front of us and said, “We will have another meeting this week, and I expect to see more participation. I am ____24____ that some of you are just sitting there when you should be up here!” When she said those words, I looked up to see she was glaring right at me. I felt so nervous, but knowing she had so much
____25____ in me, I should not let her down.
After spending the whole week practicing a speech, I stood up in front of my classmates. There were eight to ten other participants, and I didn’t ____26____ much for myself. When the votes came in the next day, Ms. Lenihan announced that the class chose me! I would have to stand up in front of our entire school to make a speech. My ____27____ level went through the roof, but Ms. Lenihan told me she was glad that I had stepped up to the ____28____.
Over the next month I worked on my graduation speech. When I stood up in front of the whole school, I was still nervous, ____29____ when I looked at Ms. Lenihan, I remembered the whole reason I was up there was that she believed in me. I believe I ____30____ that day, and will
always remember the encouragement that Ms. Lenihan gave me.
21．A．shy B．honest C．outgoing D．lazy 22．A．duty B．shame C．loss D．relief 23．A．stayed up B．climbed up C．marched up D．pulled up 24．A．disappointed B．depressed C．embarrassed D．frightened 25．A．faith B．interest C．pride D．ambition 26．A．win B．expect C．prove D．share 27．A．threat B．anxiety C．excitement D．depression 28．A．achievement B．destination C．failure D．challenge 29．A．till B．then C．but D．so 30．A．proceeded B．promised C．encouraged D．changed
One Monday morning I came into the classroom and caught Joe____31____a picture on his math book. This was one day after I had given the class a lecture on taking care of school property. Normally I would have got angry and____32____him to the office. Instead, I walked over to his desk and stood there. Joe closed the book immediately, trying to hide his drawing. I said, “Let me____33____what I said yesterday: these textbooks are going to be used for the next five years, and I____34____you to take good care of them.” “Sorry,” Joe murmured. “I forgot.” “I see.” I said.
When I returned to Joe’s desk again, he was erasing the drawing with his tiny, worn-out eraser. I____35____him mine and a drawing pad, and then said, “Here, this might make the
job____36____. And you can also use the pad whenever you have the____37____to draw.” Joe looked____38____and said, “Thanks.” I nodded and started my lesson.
Joe hasn’t drawn in his textbook since. He keeps the pad in his pocket and shows me his drawing from time to time. I’m glad I didn’t ask him to go to the office that day. It might have stopped him from marking on his books, but we would never have the____39____we have today. And who knows, I may have____40____a promising Picasso.
31．A．drawing B．copying C．observing D．examining 32．A．welcomed B．sent C．begged D．followed
33．A．check B．prove C．update D．repeat 34．A．force B．allow C．expect D．promise 35．A．rewarded B．handed C．showed D．mailed 36．A．slower B．earlier C．safer D．easier 37．A．desire B．energy C．ambition D．talent 38．A．surprised B．calm C．passionate D．anxious 39．A．achievement B．appointment C．relationship D．potential 40．A．attracted B．encouraged C．ignored D．cheated
Online gamers constantly make life and death decisions at their keyboards-but it’s just a game. A Texas gamer was faced with a real-life situation and helped ___41___ the life of a fellow player - 5, 000 miles away.
Aidan, in England, was playing an online game in his bedroom when he had a seizure. His playing partner, Dia, in Texas, just put her headset on and heard what she could only describe as a seizure, so she started to get ___42___ and asked what was going on and if he was OK. When he didn’t respond, she ___43___ started to look up the emergency number in the UK. When that didn’t work, she just had to hope the non-emergency number would work. It had an ___44___ for talking to a real person.
Someone answered the call and she had to force herself not to ___45___ and to stay calm. “Hi. I’m ___46___ in the US and in a call with my friend.” Dia told the operator. “He had a seizure and he’s not responding anymore. I do have his ___47___. No one’s home with him right now, so I’m just trying to get him some help.”
Actually, Aidan’s parents were watching television downstairs and did not ___48___ their son was in danger until three police officers knocked at their door.
“We are extremely thankful for what Dia did and ___49___ that we could be downstairs and not know anything was happening, ” Aidan’s mother said. “Dia had our address but didn’t have any contact numbers, so it was amazing that she ____50____ to get help from so far away. I’ve spoken to her and expressed our thanks-she’s glad she could help.”
41．A．spare B．enrich C．devote D．save 42．A．threatened B．trapped C．concerned D．annoyed
43．A．eventually B．instantly C．suddenly D．especially 44．A．option B．order C．arrangement D．action 45．A．explode B．complain C．panic D．quit 46．A．accidentally B．currently C．obviously D．frequently 47．A．age B．name C．number D．address 48．A．decide B．explain C．realize D．judge 49．A．relieved B．shocked C．puzzled D．bored 50．A．managed B．learned C．hoped D．promised
I woke up one morning with six hungry kids and just 75 cents in my pocket. Their father was gone. He had never been much more than a presence they ___51___. Now that he had decided to leave, there would be no more beatings, ___52___ no food either.
I washed the kids and then ___53___ them into my old 51 Chevy and drove off to find a job.
I tried to ___54___ whoever would listen that I was willing to learn anything. I had to have a job. The last place we went to was the Big Wheel truck stop. They needed someone from 11 pm to
7 am. They paid $0.65 an hour and I could start immediately.
I called the babysitter and ___55___ with her. We came to an agreement—$1 a night. So every morning I gave her $1 of my tip money—___56___ half of what I averaged every night!
As weeks went by, the tires on my Chevy began to leak. One miserable morning, I ___57___ myself to the car and found four tires in the back seat. New tires! “Had angels(天使) taken up residence in Indiana?” I ___58___.
I was now working six nights instead of five and it still wasn’t enough. Christmas was coming and there was no money for toys. Clothes were a worry too.
On Christmas Eve, the usual customers were drinking coffee in the Big Wheel. There were the truckers, Les, Frank, and Jim. These ___59___ all just sat around and talked. When it was time for me to go home, I found several boxes in my Chevy filled with little jeans, toys and an
enormous turkey. I could not believe my eyes!
I was crying with gratitude. And I will never forget the joy on the faces of my little ones that _____60_____ morning.
Yes, there were angels in Indiana that long-ago December morning. And they all hung out at the Big Wheel truck stop.
51．A．ignored B．appreciated C．feared D．recognized 52．A．so B．but C．because D．or 53．A．loaded B．moved C．invited D．handed 54．A．question B．teach C．consult D．convince 55．A．argued B．bargained C．agreed D．planned 56．A．only B．definitely C．fully D．clearly 57．A．dragged B．rolled C．directed D．carried 58．A．prayed B．concluded C．announced D．wondered 59．A．visitors B．regulars C．neighbors D．strangers 60．A．comfortable B．satisfying C．precious D．educational
One winter, a homeless dog called Shavi was left to die on the streets of south-west Russia after being ____61____ by a driver. With two broken legs, she was taken to a pet clinic for
____62____ by a volunteer from One Green Planet. After launching an appeal to find someone who could look after Shavi, the vet found Nina who ____63____ her and nursed her back to health, working on regaining her confidence and ____64____.
Due to work commitments, Nina couldn’t keep Shavi and instead found her a new
____65____ 185 miles away, near the Russian border. However, after just a few days, Shavi
____66____ from there.
Two weeks later, while walking along the road outside her home, Nina felt something brush up against her leg. Realizing it was Shavi, she was so ____67____ and excited. The dog had made the almost 200-mile journey back to the woman who had saved her life and legs.
The pair lived together and moved into a bigger apartment so Shavi had plenty of room to play. “Of course, she has now remained with us for good. I would never give this kind of friend away again. ____68____ are the most loyal and loving companions in the world. For every drop
of human love, they ____69____ give all of theirs in return, and I know that from personal experience. Shavi is just like a ____70____ to me.” Nina said.
61．A．abandoned B．adopted C．caught D．hit 62．A．treatment B．food C．weekend D．comfort 63．A．collected B．trained C．walked D．visited 64．A．patience B．strength C．growth D．freedom 65．A．friend B．toy C．home D．cage 66．A．recovered B．suffered C．wandered D．disappeared 67．A．annoyed B．relaxed C．shocked D．worried 68．A．Humans B．V olunteers C．Animals D．Drivers 69．A．calmly B．willingly C．bravely D．properly 70．A．beggar B．child C．leader D．stranger
My grandfather was a writer of many books. As a child and a teenager, I wrote ____71____, trying to be an author like him.When I ____72____ my first book, I was not sure if I should throw it out to the world or shelter it forever. That’s why I went to grandpa that night, my faithful reader, who once again gave me tremendous ____73____。

“Did you bring the book? I heard you talk about it and I can’t wait to see your ____74____.”
“Oh yeah, the book. I completed it yesterday,” I handed him the draft, “but I don’t think it’s that good...”
He turned to a random page and ____75____ more of the pages. “Why do you think this isn’t good? It looks fine to me.Very heart-warming.”
“Well, I’m not sure. It could be better than it is now.”
“You can’t expect for the book to be ____76____. Writing is a skill that takes time. You already finished the story, and now you have to ____77____ others what you’ve got.” he passed the book back to me. “If people don’t like it, then write again. Criticism is important, but you are going to have to keep on writing till you are ____78____ with your work.”
“Is that how you became a writer?”
“Yes, and every other writer before me. You have to start from the ____79____ and then reach the top.”
I finally broke out into a smile and he did too. I looked carefully at the book one more time. The pages bound together gave me hope for the future. That settled it. I was going to have to
_____80_____ myself and let others see my work. For me and for my grandpa.
71．A．fast B．well C．nonstop D．little 72．A．polished B．finished C．deleted D．published 73．A．tasks B．pressure C．rewards D．inspiration 74．A．progress B．style C．comment D．reaction 75．A．copied B．wrote C．scanned D．edited 76．A．perfect B．unique C．complex D．practical 77．A．send B．show C．teach D．sell 78．A．content B．strict C．patient D．exhausted 79．A．end B．failure C．bottom D．criticism 80．A．give up B．count on C．look after D．get over
“I Got Him!”
Tyra Winters was participating in her homecoming parade (游行). Cheerleader Tyra Winters in her uniform was riding atop one of the school’s floats (花车). As it slowly made its way down the street, the 17-year-old ____81____ waved at the crowd, all the while soaking in the music, laughter, and applause.
All of a sudden, a horrible ____82____ came. Looking down, Winters saw a two-year-old on the sidewalk gasping for air, his mother begging for help in ____83____. The boy had been sucking on a piece of candy when it slid down the back of his mouth, lodging in his throat
and____84____ his windpipe.
“There was no coughing; there was no breathing,” his mother, Nicole cried. No one seemed to know how to help.
Except for Winters. With dreams of becoming a ____85____, she had learned the Heimlich maneuver (海姆利克氏急救法). Knowing that every second ____86____, she leaped off
the____87____float and ran to the child.
By the time she got to the boy, his face had turned purple. “I got him!” she yelled to Nicole as
she grabbed the boy from her. Winters positioned him against her and gave a good three back slaps.
Soon, the boy coughed up the piece of candy, gasped, and began____88____ again. Without another word, Winters handed the boy back to his mother and hurried back to her float before it could leave her behind.
It all happened so quickly, Nicole never had time to____89____ the teen. Winters’ heroic actions left Nicole _____90_____. “I don’t really have any words,” she said, “‘thank you’ doesn’t seem good enough.”
81．A．quietly B．enthusiastically C．sensitively D．curiously 82．A．noise B．ring C．whistle D．scream 83．A．panic B．doubt C．whispers D．wonder 84．A．wounding B．blocking C．gasping D．changing 85．A．teacher B．physicist C．surgeon D．translator 86．A．faded B．continued C．approached D．counted 87．A．moving B．moved C．drew D．separated 88．A．waiting B．preparing C．breathing D．laughing 89．A．thank B．help C．question D．see 90．A．hopeless B．speechless C．helpless D．useless
Wheeling her red chair and scissors around, a salon owner gives out-of-luck strangers a gift—one free hairdo at a time. To date, Steller has given about 30 such haircuts to old people around the city. “It’s ____91____ a haircut,” she says. “I want it to be a gateway, to show value and respect, but also to get to know people. I want to build ____92____.”
Steller knows that a haircut can ____93____ a life. As a teen, she suffered from a disease so severe that her hair ____94____ greatly. Her mother arranged for Steller’s first professional haircut. “To have somebody talk to me like a person, it helped me feel ____95____ and less alone,” she says. After that, Steller knew she wanted to have her own salon so she could help people
____96____ the way she’d felt that day. Not long after finishing school, she began her Red Chair Project. “I can’t ____97____ their problems, but maybe I can help them feel less alone for a moment,” she said.
A branch of her project is the Steller Kindness Projects in which people who commit acts of kindness are invited for a free hairdo. _____98_____, they tell their stories, which Steller shares on her website. Her hope is that by reading about kind acts, others will be _____99_____ to spread their own. So far, it’s working, she says.
It all began with a belief in simple acts of kindness, such as a free haircut. “The way you
______100______ in the world matters,” says Steller. “You have no idea what people are going to do with the kindness that you give them.”
91．A．rather than B．more than C．other than D．less than 92．A．confidence B．projects C．relationships D．business 93．A．save B．lose C．lead D．change 94．A．thinned B．grew C．lengthened D．shortened 95．A．thought of B．cared about C．looked after D．talked about 96．A．know B．get C．look D．feel
97．A．fix B．face C．cause D．have
98．A．In detail B．In exchange C．In contrast D．In addition 99．A．inspired B．required C．rewarded D．forced 100．A．keep up B．show up C．cheer up D．look up
参考答案：
1．B
2．D
3．A
4．B
5．A
6．B
7．C
8．C
9．D
10．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

任何想要掌握一项技能的人都必须经历一遍又一遍的练习。

一些人能够集中精力练习这样的活动，并且喜欢这种过程，而另一些人则觉得集中精力、耗费时间的工作令人沮丧。

这主要是因为“心流状态”——一种完全投入到你正在做的事情中的感觉。

文章介绍了心流状态的特点和容易进入心流状态的人的特点，以及有证据表明环境因素可以培养心流状态。

1．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：但掌握一项技能，即使是你深爱的技能，也需要大量枯燥的工作。

A. inquires询问，打听；B. requires需要，要求；C. acquires获得；D. gains得到。

根据句中“mastering a skill”以及下文“Anyone who wants to master a skill must run through the cycle of practice,”（任何想要掌握一项技能的人都必须经历一次又一次的练习）可知，此处指掌握一项技能需要大量枯燥的工作。

故选B。

2．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：任何想要掌握一项技能的人都必须经历一次又一次的练习、批评反馈、修改和不断提高的过程。

A. preventable可预防的；B. maintainable可维护的；C. sustainable可持续的；D. critical关键的；批判性的。

根据句中“feedback, modification, and increasing improvement”可知，掌握一项技能要经历反复的反馈、修改和不断提高的过程，可得出这种反馈应该是具有批判性的。

故选D。

3．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：然而，其他人发现这种专注、时间密集的工作令人沮丧或无聊。

A. frustrating令人沮丧的；B. encouraging鼓舞人心的；C. concerning使人担忧的；
D. instructing指导的。

根据下文“or boring”可知，空格处与boring是并列意义。

frustrating“令
人沮丧的”可以承接句中“this kind of focused, time-intensive work”（这种专注、时间密集的工作）的语义，体现工作因费时而令人沮丧的逻辑。

故选A。

4．考查动词短语辨析。

句意：这种差异可能取决于进入“心流”状态的能力，即完全参与你正在做的事情的感觉。

A. move away移开；B. turn on打开，依靠；C. pick up拾起；开车接；
D. call for需要。

根据上文“Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take pleasure in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work to be 3or boring.”（有些人似乎能够多年来专注于练习这样的活动，并从自己的逐渐进步中获得乐趣。

然而，其他人发现这种专注、时间密集的工作令人沮丧或无聊。

）可知，有些人喜欢这样的状态，而有些人觉得沮丧。

所以，下文分析这种差异产生的原因——这种差异取决于进入“心流”状态的能力。

故选B。

5．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：自从Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi在20世纪70年代提出了心流的概念以来，它一直是积极心理学研究的中流砥柱。

A. concept概念；B. receipt收据；C. reception接待；D. condition条件。

根据下文“Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most 7entered into flow states had an “autotelic (自成目的的) personality” — a disposition to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow.”（Csikszentmihalyi认为，那些最……进入心流状态的人具有“自成性格”——一种寻求挑战并进入心流状态。

）可知，Csikszentmihalyi提出了流动的概念。

故选A。

6．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：心流状态可以发生在任何活动的过程中，当任务具有明确的目标并且处于适当的技能水平时，流状态最为常见。

A. alternative可供替代的；B. appropriate合适的；C. approximate近似的；大约的；D. sufficient足够的。

根据上文“well-defined goals”可知，当任务具有明确的目标并且处于适当的技能水平时，心流状态最为常见。

故选B。

7．考查副词词义辨析。

句意：Csikszentmihalyi认为，那些最容易进入心流状态的人具有“自成性格”——一种寻求挑战并进入心流状态。

A. fully充分地；B. really真地；C. readily快捷地，轻而易举地；D. accidentally意外地。

根据下文“had an “autotelic (自成目的的) personality” — a disposition to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow”可知，拥有“自成性格”的人更容易进入心流状态。

故选C。

8．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：由于他们具有“无利害关系”的能力，这类人在发展其先天能力方面比其他人有很大优势。

A. addiction瘾，入迷；B. advance前进，进步；C. advantage 优势；D. admiration钦佩。

根据上文“With their capacity for “disinterested interest””可知，由
于他们具有“无利害关系”的能力，这类人在发展其先天能力方面比其他人有很大优势，呼应上文讲这类人最容易进入心流状态。

故选C。

9．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：幸运的是，对于我们这些不一定拥有自成性格的人来说，有证据表明，环境因素可以促进心流状态。

A. forbidden禁止；B. operated操作；手术；C. fastened 系牢；D. facilitated帮助，促进。

根据上文“Fortunately for those of us who aren’t necessarily blessed with an autotelic personality”可知，虽然我们不一定拥有很容易进入心流状态的自成性格，但是幸运的是，心流状态可以由环境因素促进。

故选D。

10．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：通过给自己无组织和开放的时间、最小的干扰和设置中等难度的任务，当我们努力练习我们喜欢做的事情时，我们可能会爱上我们正在做的事情。

A. temptation诱惑，引诱；B. charm魅力；C. attractions吸引人的事物；D. distractions让人分心的事物，干扰。

根据句中“unstructured, open-ended time, minimal 10, and a task set at a moderate level of difficulty”可知，此处是让自己进入心流状态的条件，结合“unstructured, open-ended time”和“a moderate level of difficulty”，因此要给自己最小的干扰。

故选D。

11．B
12．B
13．C
14．A
15．B
16．A
17．A
18．C
19．B
20．D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。

文章主要讲述了作者从沉迷于手机到摆脱手机控制的经历和方法，最后作者能够以更加平和的心态来面对这些事情，学会了顺其自然。

11．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：还有大约70个“取件（查看信息）”，这意味着我大约每小时查看手机四次。

A.charge收费；B. check检查，查看；C.drop掉下；D.lift举起。

根据前文“According to the iPhone’s Screen Time, my typical daily phone activity includes 90 minutes of texting, one hour of e-mail, and yet another hour of social media.(根据iPhone的屏幕时间，我典
型的日常手机活动包括90分钟的短信、一小时的电子邮件和另一小时的社交媒体。

)”可知，作者在看自己使用iPhone进行各项活动的时长，所以空格处可以理解为查看手机（有没有新的消息），check意为“查看”，符合语境。

故选B。

12．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我随身携带着手机，就像它是一个氧气罐一样。

A. litter bin 小垃圾箱；B. oxygen tank氧气罐；C. travelling bag旅行包；D. treasure box宝箱。

根据句意可知，作者随身携带着手机，结合上文作者几乎每小时查看手机四次，说明手机对作者来说非常重要，要时刻带着，就如同氧气一样，离开了就无法呼吸，表达了作者对手机的极度依赖。

oxygen tank意为“氧气罐”，符合语境。

故选B。

13．考查副词词义辨析。

句意：我已经尝试了各种方法来减少查看屏幕的次数：我不会再收到推送通知。

A. less carefully不太小心；B. more often更多时候；C. less often不太经常；D. more carefully更加小心。

根据后文“I don’t get push notifications. I use an app called Freedom to block social media for much of the workday.(我不会收到推送通知。

我使用一款名为Freedom 的应用程序在工作日的大部分时间里来屏蔽社交媒体。

)”可知，作者不再收到推送通知、屏蔽社交媒体是为了减少查看屏幕的次数。

less often意为“不太经常，减少”，符合语境。

故选C。

14．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：他建议进行为期一个月的数字脱瘾，让人暂时远离所有可选的技术。

A. break构成短语take a break，休息一下；B. example构成短语take an example举例；C. look构成短语take a look看看；D. step构成短语take a step迈出一步。

根据句意可知，此处讲的是花一个月的时间暂时远离那些可选择的电子产品，让自己休息一下。

空格处应为break，take a break意为“休息一下”，是固定短语，符合语境。

故选A。

15．考查介词短语。

句意：他们热衷于高价值的休闲活动，如棋牌游戏、读书俱乐部，以及学习“每周修复或建造一些东西”。

A. in charge of负责；B. in favor of赞成，出于对……的偏爱；C. in honor of向……致敬；D. in search of寻找。

根据前文可知，那些数字极简主义者抛弃了那些低质量的电子产品活动，所以此处讲的应该是他们选择了什么活动，也就是支持什么活动。

in favor of意为“赞成，出于对……的偏爱”，符合语境。

故选B。

16．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我调整了家用电脑的设置，将社交媒体时间减少到15分钟。

A. allowance限额；
B. duration期间；
C. limitation限制；
D. waste浪费。

根据句意可知，空格处要表达的是作者此时调整了社交媒体的使用时间。

allowance意为“限额”，在此处可理解为“允许使用的时间”，符合语境。

故选A。

17．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：我还改变了我的Freedom应用的设置，完全屏蔽了Twitter
和Instagram。

A. block阻碍，拦截；B. browse浏览；C. cancel取消；D. remove去除。

根据上文“I use an app called Freedom to block social media for much of the workday.(我使用一款名为Freedom的应用程序在工作日的大部分时间里来屏蔽社交媒体。

)”可知，Freedom这个应用是用来屏蔽社交媒体的，所以此处应该是屏蔽Twitter和Instagram。

block意为“阻碍，拦截”，在此处可理解为屏蔽（软件），符合语境。

故选A。

18．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：在我清理互联网的最初几天里，我发现自己在强迫性地检查没有变化的收件箱和已经阅读了的短信，似乎着迷了似的，试图在那里看到新信息。

A. free 自由的；B. similar相似的；C. new新的；D. various各种各样的。

根据上文“According to the iPhone’s Screen Time, my typical daily phone activity includes 90 minutes of texting, one hour of e-mail, and yet another hour of social media. And there are also about seventy ‘pickups’, meaning that I check my phone about four times per hour.(根据iPhone的屏幕时间，我典型的日常手机活动包括90分钟的短信、一小时的电子邮件和另一小时的社交媒体。

还有大约70个‘取件（查看信息的动作）’，这意味着我大约每小时查看手机四次。

)”可知，在清理互联网之前，作者大部分的时间都在查看或编辑手机信息、邮件等，已经习惯了经常有新信息这件事，所以此处作者是在试图看有没有新的信息发给她。

new意为“新的”，符合语境。

故选C。

19．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：一天下午，我躺在沙发上，感觉到一种精神力量的涌入，既令人不安，又令人愉快。

A. disorder混乱，凌乱；B. power能量；C. resource资源；D. silence 沉默。

根据后文“I didn’t want to learn how to fix or build anything, or start a book club. I wanted to experience myself as soft and loose and purposeless.(我想让自己体验一下舒服的、松散的和漫无目的的感觉。

)”可知，此刻应该是有一种精神的力量让作者不想有目的的去做某事，只想放空自己。

power意为“能量”，符合语境。

故选B。

20．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：但我变得更加意识到我为什么使用科技，以及它如何满足我的需求。

A. suspicious可疑的；B. considerate考虑周到的；C. guilty内疚的；D. aware意识到的。

根据句意可知，此时的作者在经历了一段时间的脱离电子产品后，更加清楚了自己的需要，改变了过去的依赖，心态变得更加平和了。

aware意为“意识到的”，be aware of意为“意识到”，固定短语，符合语境。

故选D。

21．A
22．D
23．C
24．A
25．A
26．B
27．B
28．D
29．C
30．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了作者自己是一个害羞的女孩，最终在老师的帮助下站在全校师生面前发表毕业演讲。

21．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：作为一个害羞的女孩，我尽量不去和别人有眼神交流。

A.shy害羞的；
B.honest诚实的；
C.outgoing外向的；
zy懒的。

根据句中的“I tried not to make eye contact.”可知，作者是一个害羞的女孩。

故选A项。

22．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：看到几个同学走到前面去陈述为什么他们应该是演讲者，我感到如释重负。

A.duty责任；B.shame羞愧；C.loss损失；D.relief欣慰。

根据语境可知，有好几个同学主动表示要做班级的发言人，害羞的作者不需要参与演讲，所以感到如释重负。

故选D项。

23．考查动词短语辨析。

句意：但最后勒尼汉老师走到我们面前说：“这周我们还将举行一次会议，我希望看到更多的参与。

我很失望，你们中有些人应该站在这里，却只是坐在那里！”A.stayed up熬夜；B.climbed up爬上；C.marched up挺进；D.pulled up停下。

根据“in front of us and said,”可知，勒尼汉老师走到学生们的前面讲话。

故选C项。

24．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：但最后勒尼汉老师走到我们面前说，“这周我们还将举行一次会议，我希望看到更多的参与。

我很失望，你们中有些人应该站在这里，却只是坐在那里！”A.disappointed失望的；B.depressed沮丧的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.frightened害怕的。

根据句中“some of you are just sitting there when you should be up here!”可知，勒尼汉老师对不踊跃参加的同学感到失望。

故选A项。

25．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我感到很紧张，但是知道她对我有这么多的信心，我不应该让她失望。

A.faith信念；B.interest兴趣；C.pride自豪；D.ambition雄心。

短语have faith in，意为“相信”。

根据句中“I should not let her down.”以及下文“When I stood up in front of the whole school, I was still nervous, 9when I looked at Ms. Lenihan, I remembered the whole reason I was up there was that she had faith in me.(当我站在全校师生面前的时候，我。