医学考博英语特训教材阅读1试题

医学考博英语特训教材阅读1试题
English:
The paragraph discusses the concept of immunological memory, which is a fundamental aspect of the adaptive immune response. Immunological memory refers to the ability of the immune system to remember previously encountered pathogens and mount a faster and more robust response upon re-exposure. This phenomenon is primarily mediated by memory T and B cells, which are generated during the initial infection or vaccination. Memory T cells are capable of recognizing specific antigens presented by infected cells, while memory B cells produce antibodies that can bind to and neutralize pathogens. The paragraph highlights the importance of immunological memory in providing long-lasting protection against infectious diseases and the basis for vaccination strategies. It also emphasizes the role of memory cells in secondary immune responses, which are quicker and more effective due to the presence of pre-existing memory cells. Overall, immunological memory is crucial for the effectiveness of the adaptive immune system in combating recurring infections and is a cornerstone of immunology research and vaccine development.
中文翻译:
该段讨论了免疫记忆的概念，这是适应性免疫应答的基本方面。

免疫记忆是指免疫系统记住先前遇到的病原体，并在再次接触时产生更快更强大的应答能力。

这一现象主要通过记忆T细胞和B细胞介导，它们是在初次感染或接种疫苗时产生的。

记忆T细胞能够识别由感染细胞呈递的特定抗原，而记忆B细胞则产生可以结合和中和病原体的抗体。

该段强调了免疫记忆在提供长期对传染性疾病的保护以及疫苗策略的基础中的重要性。

它还强调了记忆细胞在次级免疫反应中的作用，由于存在预先存在的记忆细胞，次级免疫反应更快更有效。

总的来说，免疫记忆对于适应性免疫系统在抵御再次感染方面的有效性至关重要，并且是免疫学研究和疫苗开发的基石。