英语初高衔接课4---介词专题

Overview
Review
Choose the best choice.
1. ----You want ____ sandwich? ----Yes. I usually eat a lot when I'm hungry.
A. other
B. another
C. others
D. the other
2. In fact, ____ is a difficult experience for the police to keep order in the Olympics.
A. this
B. that
C. there
D. it
3. I agree with most of what you wanted, but I don't agree with ____.
A. everything
B. anything
C. something
D. nothing
4. ---Who is your English teacher? ---Miss Gao. She teaches____ English very well.
A. us
B. our
C. ours
D. we
5. ----Do you want tea or coffee? ----____. I really don't mind.
A. Both
B. None
C. Either
D. Neither
6. The desks in our classroom are bigger than ____ in yours.
A. ones
B. them
C. that
D. those
7. Miss Glory refused to accept ____ of the three plans.
A. either
B. neither
C. any
D. every6
8. If you want to change for a double room, you'll have to pay ____$15.
A. another
B. other
C. more
D. each
9. ----He nearly died from cancer once. ----When was ____?
----____ was in 2000 when he was in middle school.
A. that; It
B. this; This
C. this; It
D. that; This
10. If this magazine is not yours, ____ can it be?
A. what else
B. who else
C. which else's
D. who else's Key ：BDAAC DCAAD
Introduction
Guessing Game:
Let one student describe the following image, and the other guess.
G u e s s i n g G a m e
He is tall.and he has
short hair.He
is short and a little bit
heavy
描写眼睛
(a pair of) big eyes （一双）大大的眼睛
(a pair of) beautiful and bright eyes （一双）水灵灵的眼睛
(a pair of) radiant eyes （一双）炯炯有神的眼睛
How to describe
a person?
宽脸broad face 鹅蛋脸oval face
square face 圆脸round face
双下巴double chin 尖下巴pointed chin
高鼻梁high nose 塌鼻梁flat nose
浓眉bushy/heavy/thick eyebrows 眼袋eye bag
酒窝dimple 秀眉shapely/slender eyebrows
单眼皮single eyelid 双眼皮double eyelid
Some words to describe persons:
female:
glamorous 性感有魅力的slender 苗条的
skinny太瘦graceful 优美的
trendy时髦的plain-looking 长相一般的
bony 瘦骨嶙峋的well-shaped body体形丰满的
plump 丰满的
male:
muscular肌肉健美的manly男人味的
gentlemanly有绅士风度的overweight超重的
Kid Jokes
A tricky girl said, “Mom, I got a one hundred in school today!” The mom replied, “Great, sweetie, tell me about it.” The girl reluctantly said, “Well, I got a twenty in math, a thirty in history and a fifty in spelling.”
A father told his son, “When Lincoln was your age he walked ten miles to school every day. ”
The kid replied, “Well, when he was your age, he was president!”
Listening
Listening Practice: complete the passage according to what you hear.
PART ONE - LIFE AT GATESHEAD
CHAPTER ONE The Fight
We couldn't go outside at all on that cold, rainy afternoon. The rain was pouring down, and the wind was blowing hard. I didn't care, I was happy to stay indoors. Trying to take long walks in the winter was terrible! It was supposed to be healthy for our bodies, but I hated coming home in the dark with my feet and hands as cold as ice. And I was always unhappy because Bessie, one of the servant, was always scolding(责备) me. I had always known that I was different from my cousins, John, Eliza, and Georgiana Reed. They were prettier and taller than I, and everyone loved them.
These three children were not very nice to other people or to each other. Usually they spent their time fighting and crying with each other. However, today they were with their mother in the sitting room, sitting quietly and talking in front of the warm fire. I wanted to join them but Mrs. Reed, my aunt, said I could not. She was angry with me because Bessie had told her I was being troublesome.
Q：What can we know about Jane from the short text?
Presentation
一. 介词的功能
介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。

介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。

介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。

例如：
The boy over there is John’s brother. (定语)
The girl will be back in two hours. (状语)
Our English teacher is from Australia. (表语)
Help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语)
二.常用介词的用法辨析
1表时间的介词:
1）at, in, on
表示时间点用at。

Eg: at six o’clock, at noon, at midnight
表示在某个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上时，用in
表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上时，用on。

拓展：
at 可以表示对某事…惊讶、失落等情绪状态：be surprised at sth/be disappointed at sth
in 可以表示在某方面的进步、进展等：make progress in/ advance in/ achievement in/success in/development in/improvement in
on 可以表示集中注意力于：focus on/ concentrate on/ fix one’s eyes on/ put emphasis on
2)since, after
由since和after 引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段，但since词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻，因而往往要与现在完成时连用。

而after词组所表示的时段纯系过去，因而要与一般过去时连用。

3) in, after
in与将来时态连用时，表示“过多长时间以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段时间的词语。

after与将来时态连用时，后面只能跟表示时间点的词语。

after与过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语。

2表示地点的介词
1）at, in, on
at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。

2) over, above, on
over, on和above都可表示“在……上面”，但具体含义不同。

over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是under。

above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是below。

on指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上面。

拓展：
above与below可以用于表达抽象概念：above average/below poverty line
under可以表示处于某种状态：under pressure/under attack/under construction/discussion/under threat/under repair
3)across, through
across和through均可表示“从这一边到另一边”，但用法不同。

across的含义与on有关，表示动作在某一物体的表面进行。

through的含义与in有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行。

4) in front of, in the front of
in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外；
in the front of 表示“在……的前部”，在某个范围以内。

例如：
三. 介词的固定搭配
1. 介词与动词的搭配
listen to , laugh at, get to, look for wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spend…on…, 等。

2. 介词与名词的搭配
on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on one’s way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。

3. 介词与形容词的搭配
be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for等。

动词+ to积累
adjust to适应, attend to处理；照料, agree to赞同, amount to加起来达…, belong to属于, come to达到, drink to为…干杯, get to到达,
hold to紧握, lead to通向, listen to听, occur to想起,
object to反对, point to指向, respond to回答, refer to参考；指的是…；reply to回答, see to负责, stick to坚持, turn to求助,
write to给某人写信happen to发生在某人身上
to+名词构成的词组
to a degree在某种程度上, to some extent在某种程度上, to one’s feet跳起来,
to one’s mind照…看来, to one’s surprise使…吃惊, to one’s taste符合胃口,
to oneself独自享用, to the letter不折不扣地, to the point中肯地
Focused practice
Ⅰ. Make the best choice.
1. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived _______ 5 o’clock ______ the morning.
A. on; in
B. at; in
C. at; on
D. in; on
2. Where’s Lily? We are all here _______ her.
A. beside
B. about
C. except
D. with
3. She sent her friend a postcard _______ a birthday present.
A. on
B. as
C. for
D. of
4. Jack has studied Chinese in this school _______ the year of 2000.
A. since
B. in
C. on
D. by
5. ---What is a writing brush, do you know? ---It’s _______ writing and drawing.
A. with
B. to
C. for
D. by
6. English is widely used ______ travelers and business people all over the world.
A. to
B. for
C. as
D. by
7. ______ the help of my teacher, I caught up with the other students.
A. Under
B. In
C. With
D. On
8. Hong Kong is ______ the south of China, and Macao is ______ the west of Hong Kong.
A. in; to
B. to; to
C. to; in
D. in; in
9. --You’d better not go out now. It’s raining. --It doesn’t matter. My new coat can keep _____rain.
A. in
B. of
C. with
D. off
10. Japan lies ______ the east of China.
A. to
B. in
C. about
D. at
1.B
2.C
3.B
4.A
5.C
6.D
7.C
8.A
9.D 10.A
Ⅱ. Fill out the following blank.
1. ---How are you going to the train station to meet your aunt? ---I’m going there _______ my car.
2. Mum, today is Mother’s Day. Mike and I want to invite you to have dinner _____ us at Zhonglou Restaurant.
3. Hangzhou is famous ______ the West Lake.
4. Today some newly-produced mobile phones can take pictures ______ a camera.
5. Could you tell me if there is a flight to the capital ______ March, 25th?
6. We all agree ______ you. Let’s start at once.
7. There is a big shop ______ the other side of the road.
8. ---Which necklace have you lost? ---The one you gave me _____ my birthday.
9. You should take more exercise. It’s good ______ your health.
10. It is clear that fish cannot live _______ water.
Key:1.in 2.with 3.for 4.like 5.on 6.with 7.on 8.for 9.for 10.without
Ⅲ. Blank filling
Having Fun “Growing” and “Stealing”?
Recently, an Internet game has become a new fashion __1__ young office workers and students. People can “farm” on a piece of “land” and “grow”, “sell” or even “steal” “vegetables”, “flowers”, and “fruits” __2__ the Internet. They __3__ earn some e­money and buy more “seeds”, “pets” and even “houses”.
Joyce interviewed some young people. Here are their opinions.
Harold: I don't quite understand __4__ they are so mad about the childish game，maybe they are just not confident __5__ to face the real world.
Allan: I enjoy putting some “bugs” in my friends' gardens and we've become closer because of the game. Having fun together is the most exciting thing about it.
Laura: You know, people in the city____6____ me are longing for the life in the countryside, which reduces my work pressure. Besides, it gives me the excitement of being ____7____ “thief”. Ivy: Well, it's just a waste of time. Teenagers who play the game ____8____ (spend) so many hours on it that they cannot focus on their study.
1 among/ with
2 on
3 can
4 why
5 enough
6 like
7 a
8 spend
Ⅳ.Cloze
Sports are full of wonderful moments, but perhaps____1____ is as exciting as the finish of the marathon. It is the longest, hardest race of all. The name “marathon” comes from a village in Greece. A famous battle was ____2____there in the year 490 BC. When the Greeks had beaten the Persians, a soldier ____3____ all the way____4____ Marathon to Athens, more than 40 kilometers to ____5____ people the good____6____.When the modern Olympic Games happened in 1896, the organizers knew this story. The marathon has been a race ____7____ that time.
In the ancient world the Olympic Games were held ____8____ four years of 1000 years. They were an important part of life. In the ____9____ Games we try to copy their ____10___ . The finest sportsmen in the world are collected in one place____11____ at least the finest “amateurs ” are. An amateur is someone who does not earn ____12____ money from sport. It is often difficult to say who is an amateur and who is not. It is ____13____that Olympic athletes do not earn large amounts of money like professional sportsmen. But Olympic athletes are often students or teachers of a sport. They have to ____14____ a lot of time training. Their governments pay for their training travel and pocket money, ____15____ they want them to win. Some people think this changes the Olympics. They feel that the Games are now a political marathon.
1. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing
2. A. broken out B. fought C. happened D. taken place
3. A. went B. drove C. ran D. walked
4. A. in B. of C. with D. from
5. A. tell B. say C. talk D. show
6. A. story B. film C. result D. news
7. A. at B. from C. after D. since
8. A. in B. each C. every D. after
9. A. modern B. exciting C. interesting D. important
10. A. plans B. diaries C. ideas D. programs
11. A. and B. but C. where D. or
12. A. some B. any C. a little D. much
13. A. true B. false C. a lie D. interesting
14. A. use B. take C. spend D. cost
15. A. as B. because C. since D. if
Keys: DBC DA DDCAC DBACB
Home assignment
Reading.
Dick lived in England. One day in January he said to his wife,
"I'm going to fly to New York next week because I've got some
work there." "Where are you going to stay there?" his wife asked. "I
don't know yet." Dick answered. "Please send me your address from
there in a telegram," his wife said. "All right," Dick answered.
He flew to New York on January 31st and found a nice hotel in the center of the city. He put his things in his room and then he sent his wife a telegram. He put the address of his hotel in it.
In the evening he didn't have any work, so he went to a cinema. He came out at nine o'clock and said, "Now I'm going back to my hotel and have a nice dinner."
He found a taxi and the driver said, "Where do you want to go?" But Dick didn't remember the name and address of his hotel.
"Which hotel are my things in?" he said, "And what am I going to do tonight?" But the driver of the taxi did not know. So Dick got out and went into a post office. There he sent his wife another telegram, and in it he wrote, "Please send me my address at this post office."
1. Dick flew to New York because ___.
A. he went there for a holiday
B. he had work there
C. he went there for sightseeing
D. his home was there
2. Why did his wife want a telegram from him?
A. Because she didn't know his address yet
B. Because she wanted to go to New York, too
C. Because she might send him another telegram
D. Because she couldn't leave her husband by himself in New York
3. Where did Dick stay in New York?
A. In the center of the city.
B. In a hotel.
C. In a restaurant.
D. At his friend's house.
4. Who would send him the name and address of his hotel?
A. The manager of his hotel.
B. The police office.
C. The taxi driver.
D. His wife.
5. Which of the following is not true?
A. Dick stayed at a nice hotel in the center of the city.
B. Dick didn't work on the first night of his arrival.
C. Dick forgot to send his wife a telegram.
D. Dick wanted to go back to his hotel in a taxi.
Key: 1-5 B A B D C
Fashion models wear the latest style s of clothes and show them to us through television, newspapers and magazines. Fashion show programmes usually have a large audience. The clothes and hairstyles of fashion models may seem strange to the elderly, but a large number of young people enjoy following trend s and want to be dressed like the models. They collect fashion pictures and admire those superstars of the catwalk.
Words:
fashion n. 时尚，时装；时装领域，时尚界；方式，方法
vt. 制作，塑造；使适应
audience n. 观众，听众，读者;读者;接见;拥护者，爱好者
trend n.走向；趋向；时尚，时髦
vi.倾向；趋势
admire vt.赞赏；称赞；欣赏
catwalk n.（桥侧的）步行小道，（机器房中的）狭窄过道，（时装表演时模特儿走的）伸展台；猫步
Expressions:
It seems that sb do sth Sb seems to do sth There seems (to be) …
follow trend 顺应历史潮流,赶浪头,随波逐流follow fashion
相关短语：
as follow adv.依下列各项follow ... through to completion跟随…到底follow a career从事某种生涯follow a course学习一门课程
follow a policy奉行一项政策follow a rule遵守规则
follow about跟在某人身边形影不离follow after v.追求,追随,力求达到(或取得) follow an address听演说。