2020版高考英语新攻略总复习山东外研专用课件：第二部分 语法 专题七 非谓语动词

考点清单 栏目索引
答案 laying 本题考查动名词作宾语。由上文中的included digging 和下文的and then building可知,此处为并列的动名词作included的宾 语。
考点清单 栏目索引
2.(2017课标全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove (prove)that she has brains as well as beauty.
答案 taking/to take 此处为动名词或不定式在从句中作主语。
考点清单 栏目索引
2.It is not necessary bargain (bargain) on this small amount.
答案 to bargain “It+is+形容词+to do sth.”为常用句式,It为形式主 语,真正的主语是不定式短语。
考点清单 栏目索引
The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing in one corner. 除了一个书架立在角落,这间屋子空空的。 There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.在我们准备在月球上长久停留之前,还有许多问题需 要解决。
单句填空 1.(2016课标全国卷Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted (permit)to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
考点清单 栏目索引
二、非谓语动词作宾语 语境运用
单句填空 1.(2017课标全国卷Ⅱ)It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, laying (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.
考点清单 栏目索引
4.There are many different ways to spend (spend) their spare time.
答案 to spend 名词way之后常接不定式作后置定语。故空格处填to spend。
用法精讲
考点清单 栏目索引
1.非谓语动词作定语时的区别: 过去分词done常表被动完成;现在分词doing常表主动进行,being done
考点清单 栏目索引
2.ability,chance,idea,fact,attempt,moment,way,right等名词后常接不定式 作后置定语。 Do you have the ability to read and write in English? 你具备读写英语的能力吗? We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.我们承诺给任何出席晚会的人一个与那个影星合影的 机会。
考点清单 栏目索引
3.接动名词作宾语的短语或句式: be used/accustomed to,lead to,devote to,go back to,stick to,object to,get down to,pay attention to,can't stand(无法忍受),give up,feel like,insist on, be busy,have difficulty(in),have a good/wonderful/hard time(in),spend time (in),how/what about..., There is no sense in...。
考点清单 栏目索引
3.The airport completed (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. 答案 to be completed 空格处在句中作名词airport的后置定语,且二者 是逻辑上的被动关系,动作是将来的,故应用不定式的被动形式。
考点清单 栏目索引
答案 permitted 考查非谓语动词。此处应用过去分词作后置定语。
考点清单 栏目索引
2.Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent (spend) with his students.
答案 spent 句意:Jim已经退休了,但是他依然记得和他的学生们度过 的快乐时光。空格处作the happy time的后置定语,且表示被动完成,故 空格处填过去分词spent。
考点清单 栏目索引
4.形式宾语it: 当不定式作宾语时,如果后有形容词或名词作宾补,常用it作形式宾语,
而真正的宾语需要后置,放在宾补之后,即“主语+consider/think/find/feel/ make/believe+it+adj./n.+to do sth.”。
考点清单 栏目索引
三、非谓语动词作定语 语境运用
常表被动进行;不定式to do常表主动将来,to be done常表被动将来。需要 注意的是,不定式的进行式和完成式、现在分词的完成式一般不作定语。
I'd like you to look at a study conducted in Australia in 2012. 我想让你看一下2012年在澳大利亚进行的一项研究。
2.下列动词或词组一般用动名词作宾语,请牢记下面的口诀: 考虑建议盼原谅,承认推迟没得想。 避免错过继续练,否认完成就欣赏。 禁止想象才冒险,不禁介意准逃亡。 consider,suggest/advise,look forward to,excuse/pardon;admit,delay/put off, fancy(想象,设想);avoid,miss,keep/keep on,practice;deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate;forbid,imagine,risk;can't help(禁不住),mind,allow/permit,escape。
答案 sell→selling 考查非谓语动词。句意:我爷爷说去年夏天他们 通过卖鱼挣了很多钱。根据句意可知,此处应该用“by+doing sth.”来 表示方式。
用法精讲
考点清单 栏目索引
1.下列动词一般用不定式作宾语,请牢记下面的口诀: 决心学会想希望,拒绝设法愿假装。 主动答应选计划,同意请求帮一帮。
考点清单 栏目索引
How long did it take you to finish the work? 你花了多长时间来完成这项工作? It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in an hour. 我们难以在一小时内完成这篇作文。 It is stupid of you to write down everything (that)the teacher says. 你把老师说的所有东西都记下来是很愚蠢的。
考点清单 栏目索引
We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn't turned up yet. 我们约好了在这里见面,但是她到现在还没有露面。 此外,afford,strive,happen,wait,threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。
考点清单 栏目索引
答案 Have→Having provides是主句的谓语动词,Having tea...是动名 词短语作主语,故Have应改为动名词形式。
考点清单 栏目索引
用法精讲 动名词和不定式主语时的区别: 1.不定式、动名词都可作主语,但动名词作主语多指抽象的、概念性的 动作,可以是多次的、经常性的行为;不定式作主语多表示具体的动作, 尤其是某一次的动作。
Playingwithfire is dangerous.玩火危险。(泛指玩火)
To playwithfire will be dangerous.玩火会发生危险。 (指一次具体的动作)
2.下列句型中常用动名词作主语。
no use / good
①It
not any
is/was+of little
答案 to prove 考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。
考点清单 栏目索引
单句改错 3.(2018课标全国卷Ⅰ)My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.
sell→selling
考点清单 栏目索引
单句改错 3.Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, which might not be served until 8 o'clock at night.
Have→Having
栏目索引
专题七 非谓语动词
考向分析 栏目索引
考向分析 非谓语动词包括动名词、不定式、现在分词和过去分词,是重要的语法 项目之一,也是每年高考的必考点。在语法填空题中,针对非谓语动词的考 查主要集中在非谓语动词作主语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等,而短文改 错针对非谓语动词的考查主要以非谓语动词作宾语、定语、状语等为重 点。
decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish;refuse,manage,care,pretend; offer,promise,choose,plan;agree,ask/beg,help。
She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 当我经过时,她假装没看见我。
use use
/ /
good good

+doing
sth.


②It /was worth doing...
It is worth making an appointment before you go. 去之前预约一下是值得的。
考点清单 栏目索引
考点清单 栏目索引
3.下列句型中常用不定式作主语。 ①It+be+名词+to do sth. ②It takes/took sb.+some time+to do sth. ③It+be+difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary...+for sb.+to do sth. ④It+be+careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,silly,stupid,wise...+ of sb. to do sth. It's our duty to take good care of the old.照顾好老人是我们的责任。
过去分词
done
考点清单 栏目索引
句
主语
法 不定式 √
功 分词
能 动名词 √
宾语 √
√
表语 √ √ √
定语 √ √ √
状语 √ √
续表
补足语 √ √
考点清单 栏目索引
一、非谓语动词作主语 语境运用
单句填空 1.As time is pressing, I think taking/to take (take) a taxi is the best way to get from here to the conference centre.
考点清单 栏目索引
考点清单
非谓语动词的基本结构与句法功能
主动
被动
分类
一般式
进行式
完成式
一般式
完成式
基
本
不定式
结
to do
to have to be doing
done
to be done to have been done
构 现在分词/ 动名词
doing
having done being done having been done