剑桥 173组 同义替换

C4-C7 173组同义替换
1.rigid/ stiff/ unchanged/ little change 僵硬的，一成不变的
2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/ 巨大的,明显的，程度大的/substantial
3.approximately 将近-nearly, almost
4.proportion/ percentage 比例
5.be involved (in)/ involve in/ involvement [n.] 涉及，卷入，参与
6.given/ considering , in regard to / despite/ although 有鉴于
考虑到，尽管
6.induce [v] 引入，引导，引诱/ inductive [n] 归纳>< deduce /deductive推断
7.fortune/ destiny/ chances
8.deplete 开采完，耗尽/ exhaust –exhaust emission (尾气)排放/ exploit
plex 错综复杂的/ complicated/ sophisticated 老奸巨滑的，复杂的
10.capacity能力，容量/ competence （竞争）能力/ ability 能力（笼统的）
11.确保，保障：Secure-security/ ensure (insure)/ guarantee 押金
12.solely/ merely/ only
13.a vast array of 系列/ a great variety of 花样，品种/ a great rang 系列of
14.pesticide 杀虫/ suicide 自杀/ homicide/ murder杀人
15.believe/ assume (responsibility)/ suppose
16.授权，委托：authorize/ commission 佣金/ entitle 头衔+ ment =right （权利）
17.purchase/ buy
18. ethnic 种族的/ ethic 伦理，道德的+ s =[n ]
19. modify/ change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]
20. insight/knowledge/ learning/ understanding/ knowing
21.constrain拘泥，限制/ restrict 限制/ limit
22. circumstance 环境（社会）/ surroundings/ environment 环境（环保）背景background 后台/ settings后台，布景/ context 上下文（文章中）
23.notorious 臭名昭著的/ flagrant臭的><fragrant 香的
24.移民：immigrant (进来)/ emigrant(出去)/migrant
25.兴旺，繁荣；prosperous/ thriving/ booming（人口，行业）/flourishing
26.神圣的：divine/ heavenly/ holy/ sacred
27.有毒的：poisonous/ toxic ( in-, non- 无毒的)
28.致命的：deadly/ fatal/ lethal/ mortal
29.类似于：look like/ resemble
30. chronic长期的,慢性的— long-term 长期的
31.网恋：virtual love/ cyber love
32.网友：on-line /net/ cyber friend
上网（聊天）chat on line/ go on-line cyber café/网吧
33.evolve-evolution 进化/ revolute-revolution 革命，旋转/ involve-involution 卷入，涉及
34. indicator/ predictor 表示诠释，预测
35.indicate/ demonstrate/ display/exhibit/betray
36. therapist /expert/ specialist
37. 优点，长处，美德：advantage/ merit/ virtue/ length
38. commonest/ frequent
39. 未开发的，初级的：rudimentary/ underdeveloped
40. 退化：degenerate/ -tion [n] ->generate 生产，制造/ degrade ->grade 等级/ deteriorate 恶化，每况愈下
41. 分类：category-categorize/ class-classify
42. consequence后果->影响/ subsequence紧跟其后/ sequence=order秩序/ frequency频率
43.clash 冲突（民族，种族）/crash 飞机坠毁
44. substitution=> substitute sth for sb /replace
45.alternative=> 选择性，代替性，辅助性
46.孤立：isolate/ alienate/insulate隔绝，排外，孤立->be alien to/insulate (-ior) 绝缘，隔热（体）
47．缺点，不足之处：defect/ flaw/ failing/ disadvantage /drawback
48.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive (-tion)/ innovative (-tion)/ creative (-tion)/ ingenious (ity)/novel (-ty) =>[n]/creative/revolutionary
l 易错拼写：environment/ convenient
49．neutral 中立的，中性的/negative 否定，消极，阴性的/positive 肯定，积极，阳性的
50．ambiguous->ambiguity 模棱两可的，暧昧的/obscure
municate 沟通，传达，通报
52.accommodate 1供...食宿，2=adapt to 适应，调整，3=hold 容纳，4使…停靠
mitment 1 ~ to sth 奉献2 责任,义务
54．contribute to 导致~ result in /account for (占据)导致
54.缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/ insufficient/ deficient/lack (of)/ short (of)
55.强调：emphasize/ stress/ highlight/ focus on/ concentrate on
明显的：apparently 显而易见的/patently 道貌岸然的/ obviously=>evidently
56.对…怀疑：(be) /skeptical/skeptical /dubious/ suspicious (about/of)
57.缺点，缺陷：drawback/ fault/ defect/ imperfection/ failing/ weakness/ shortcoming/ flaw
58.臭命昭著的：notorious->notoriety/ flagrant/ smelly/ odorous
59.机构，组织：association/ structure /organization
60.超过：exceed/ surpass
61.岩浆：molten rock/ lava/ magma
62.语言：linguist ~学家/ lingual和~有关的/ bilingual/ 双语
63.多种多样的：diversity/ variety/ breed/ species
breed：[n]品种，[v]繁殖，培养，引起，造成
64.dialect 方言 accent 腔调
65.开始的，初步的：begin/ launch/ initial (-ly) [v] 首字母，开始的/ initiate开始，发动->initiative原创性= origin
66.贫穷：poor/ in poverty/ impoverished（被剥夺财产的）
67.杰出：eminence (-t)/ prominence (-t)/unusual
68.gene/ genetic defect ~缺陷/ anatomy解剖/ conceive构思，怀孕/ deliver分娩
69.辅助性：alternative 补充性/ therapist
70.演绎，推理：deduce->deductive / inferential >< induce 引导，引入，归纳-> induction 归纳
71.令人困惑的：bewildering/ puzzling/ perplexing
72.apply：紧靠，涂，将…应用于，适用，专心致力于，献身于
73.subsidize辅助/ subsidy 补助，补贴/ subsidiary
74.a factor in sth/ depend on sth
75.be preferred by/ choice
76.attitude to/ how
77.the present century/ modern society
78.broad/ great
79.in term of 按照，在…方面，关于/with regard to, in spite of 不顾，尽管
80. small-scale 小范围/ marginal 边缘处的
81. physical/ medical
82.negotiation/ agreement 谈判，洽谈/ 商定，协议
83.evolve/ develop
84.apartment/ accommodation 公寓/ 住房
85.virtual (love)/ simulate 模拟的（网恋）/ 模拟
86.catastrophe/ disaster 大灾难/ 灾难，不幸
87.innovate/ invent 革新，创新/ 发明，创造
sculpture/ craft 雕刻，雕塑/ 工艺
88.exorbitant/ expensive 过度的，极高的/ 费用大的，昂贵的
89. be participant in/ take part in /participate in
bour [美，澳]/work
91.attend to/ take care of
92.dual employment/ dual-worker 双职工（家庭）
93.indicate/ predict 指示，表明，象征/ 预料，预言
A major contributor to/ be central to 来源，起点/ 是…的主要，中心原因
94.expert/ therapist 专家，能手；知识丰富的/ 某个专科的专家
95.lead to/ be associated with 相联系（带来…的好处）
96.balanced/ equitable 平等的
97.handicap/ disabled/primitive 残疾的，落后的
98. could not-and cannot/ has always been unable to
by/ from
99.benefit/ advantage
100.substantial influence/ greater likelihood
101.agree on/ define
102.considered desirable/ effectiveness
103.masquerade/ (in) disguise 伪装
104.insignificant/ didn’t seriously不重要/不严重的
105.inspect/ examine 审核,检查
106．caliber/ criterion 标准
107．no-one know>< notorious 无人知晓><臭名昭著的108．dissatisfy/ argue 不满意/厌恶，讨厌
109.pessimism/ negative/ blue>< optimistic 悲观的，忧郁的>< 乐观的110.unsatisfactory/ hardly be looked upon
111.identify/ define
112.turn… into/ become
113.urban/ rural/suburban
114.demolish/ knock down/ dismantle 毁坏，拆毁（建筑物）/ 敲，打115.migration/ move 迁移/ 移动
116.pay/ charge sb for 向某人…猛攻，充电，负责，付费，控诉
117.separate/ split 分开，使隔绝，提取/ 分，劈开
118.fascination/attraction (-e:[v]) 迷住，吸引住
119.not require/ unnecessary 不需要/ 不必要
120.decode/ decipher 译解（密码），解释
121.delay/ drawback= disadvantage 耽误，延迟/ 欠缺，弊端
122.association/ organization 机构，关联/ 组织
123.*recent/ current/ nowadays/present 最近的/ 现代的/ 当今的/现在
124.intensive burst/ explosive release 强烈的爆发/ 爆炸性的释放
125.recognized/ identified 承认，识别，认可/ 识别，鉴别
126.aim to/ focus on 针对，目标，打算/ 集中
127.link…to/ lead to连接/导致，通向
128. inadequate (diet)/ deficiency (in trace minerals) 不充分，不适当的/ 缺乏，不足
129.basic/ fundamental 基础的，基本的
130.seize/ catch 捕捉，抓住
131.fatal/ lethal 致命的
132.success on/ running on 成功
133.costly/ be related by 有关系的
134.be obtained in/ be derived in 获得，流行，通用/ 由…产生，起源于
135.high-income/ wealthy 高收入的/富裕的
136.be alike/ be similar to 相同的，相似的
137.indicate/ show 显示，指出，象征
138. eliminate/ lessen ><消除/ 减少
139. not risen significantly/ stagnate 停滞不前的
140.salary/ wage 工资：总称/ 蓝领的
141.create/ gain 创造，造成/ 获得，增加
efficiently/ increased productivity 有效率的/ 上升的生产率
142.economy/ financial 经济
143.administration/ management
144.(be) sympathetic/ understand 同情的，赞同/ 理解
145.introduce/ involve 引入/ 卷入
146.change/ different
147.die>< exist 死亡><存在
148.almost/ approximately
149.be out of date/ be developed
150.solve/ reduce 减少
151.famous/ eminent
152.barrier/ hurdle
153.higher position/ top post
154.Advantage: virtue,merit,benefit, positive aspect, strength, 好处,优点,长处155.Disadvantage: weakness, failing, weakness,defect,drawback, negative aspect, fault不利,缺点,缺陷
156.Casual: arbitrary, unplanned, unexpected, 随意的
157.Effective: efficient, effectual, fruitful, productive, valid多效的
158.Criticize: reproach, blame, 批评
159.Flaw: weakness, defect 缺点
160.Ability; capability, power, caliber能力
161.Dishonest: deceptive 不诚实的
162.Fair: equitable, equal, impartial, 公平的
163.Success: achievement, feat 成功
164.Reason: factor, contributor, origin, 原因
165.Result: outcome, consequence, implication结果
166.Result from: arise from, originate from, be due to, thanks to, 由于，因为
167.Give rise to: contribute to, lead to, result in, cause, breed, create, incur导致
168.Disaster: catastrophe 灾难
169.Pollute: contaminate 污染
170.Poisonous: toxic 有毒的
171.Decrease; fall, drop, plunge, decline, step back, downward, minimize, abate下降
172.Increase: rise, go up, surge, grow, 上升
173.Growing: increasing, rising, 上升的。