高考英语江苏专二轮复习专题限时检测(八)情态动词和虚拟语气Word含解析

专题限时检测(八 )神态动词和虚构语气
(共 3 组，限时20 分钟 )
[模拟试题组一 ]
1． (2018 ·京、盐城一模南)During my first year abroad, I was so busy studying and meeting new people that I did not phone my parents as often as I ________.
A． should B．would
C． should have D． would have
分析：选 C句意：在我出国的第一年，我忙于学习以及结交新的朋友，以致于没有像
本来应当的那样常常给我的父亲母亲打电话。

s hould have done“原来应当做某事” ，切合语境。

2．(2018 常·州高三一模)— Why didn ' t you move to another city when you finished your further study abroad?
— I wanted to, but my mom simply ________ let me go.
A． couldn' t B．wouldn' t
C． shouldn' t have D． mustn' t have
分析：选 B句意：“ 你在外国达成深造后为什么不去此外一座城市。

”“ 我想去的，但是我妈妈不肯意我去。

” wouldn' t“不肯意”，切合语境。

3． (2018 ·陵中学、海安高级中学、南京外国语学校四模金)— I know the furniture is expensive but it will last for years.
— I ________ hope so too.
A． can B． may
C． must D． should
分析：选D句意：“我知道这些家具贵，可是比较耐用。

”“ 我也希望如
此。

” should“应当；将会”，切合语境。

4．(2018 通·、泰、淮、连、扬、徐、宿三模 )Trains to Nantong now only come to the outer city limits, because building the railway tracks into the city ________ many old buildings.
A． would have damaged B． damaged
C． should have damaged D． has damaged
分析：选 A句意：到南通的火车此刻只到城外，由于在市内修筑铁轨会破坏很多旧建
筑。

该句是隐含虚构条件句，条件句意为“ 假如当时在市内建铁轨的话” ，表示与过去的事
实相反，因此主句部分用“ would＋ have done” 。

5． (2018 ·城三模盐 )— Can you give me some advice on how to deal with that tough customer?
— I ________ to her instead of trying to explain over the phone if in your shoes.
A． will write B．would write
C． were to write D． would have written
分析：选B 句意：“ 怎样应付那个难搞的顾客，能给我点建议吗？”“ 若是我是你的话，我会给她写信而不是试试在电话里跟她解说。

” 答语表示对此刻的虚构，故主句中谓语
动词用 would do。

6．(2018 ·、苏锡、常、镇二模 )There ________ a slight decrease in his weight but he eats too much.
A． was B． could have been
C． had been D． could be
分析：选D 句意：他的体重原来能够减少许多的，但他吃得太多了。

依据后文的“eats”可确立主句表示与此刻事实相反的状况，故用could do。

7．(2018 ·、泰、扬、徐、淮、宿二模通 )What a relief! We would still be wandering aimlessly
in the woods ________ to bring a compass with you.
A． should you forget B． had you forgotten
C． you should forget D． you had forgotten
分析：选B 句意：真的是松了一口气！假如你忘了带指南针的话，我们可能还在树林
里漫无目的地彷徨。

本句是混淆条件句，主句与此刻事实相反，而从句则表示与过去事实相
反，应当用过去达成时，had you forgotten＝ if you had forgotten 。

________ him the 8． (2018 ·南通、徐州高三联考)— Tom is very upset. I wish I
disappointing news.
— I told you not to, but you wouldn ' t listen.
A． didn' t tell B． hadn' t told
C． haven' t told D． wouldn' t tell
分析：选 B 句意：“ 汤姆特别悲伤。

我真希望当时没告诉他这个令人绝望的消
息。

”“ 我告诉你不要这么做，可是你不听。

”wish后的宾语从句要用虚构语气，依据“I told you not to”可知，此动作发生在过去，故wish 从句中应用过去达成时。

9． (2018 ·陵中学、海安高级中学、南京外国语学校四模金 )It is hard to believe that the heartbroken couple separated in World War Ⅱ could meet again on the same day that they
________ their fifth wedding anniversary.
A． should celebrate B． must have celebrated
C． was celebrating D． would have celebrated
分析：选 D句意：很难相信在第二次世界大战中分别的心碎的夫妻会在他们原来要庆
祝第五个成婚纪念日的同一天再次会面。

依据上文中的“ separated in World War Ⅱ”可知该句是对过去状况的假定，主句顶用“would have done”。

10． (2017 苏·、锡、常、镇二模)— Sherry rang to say she was too busy to come.
— Well, she ________ say that. She is always making excuses.
A． mustn' t B．would
C． needn' t D． should
分析：选B 句意：“ 雪莉打电话说她太忙了不可以
来。

”“ 好吧，她老是那样说。

她总
是给自己找借口。

”依据答语中的“She is always making excuses”可知，此处应用would，表示过去习惯性的动作。

11． (2017 南·京高三三模)After making the speech, he went through it in his mind to reflect where he ________ better.
A． could do
C． could have done B．would do
D． would have done
分析：选 C 句意：发布演讲以后，他在脑海里过了一遍来反省什么地方他本能够做得
更好。

could have done“本能够做某事而没有做”，切合语境。

12． (2017 ·、锡、常、镇二模苏)— Nowadays people seem to become more and more selfish.
— How much better life would be if we ________ to the values of the past!
A． were to return B． had returned
C． return D． will return
分析：选 A 句意：“ 此刻人们仿佛变得愈来愈自私了。

”“ 若是我们能够回到过去的
价值观的话，我们的生活将会好得多！” 依据句意可知，此处是对未来状况的假定，从句谓语动词能够用were to do, should do 或过去式。

13． (2017 ·云港、宿迁、徐州高三三模连)—Did you pass your driving test?
— Yes, otherwise I ________ to the picnic next month.
A． couldn' t drive B． couldn' t have driven
C． won' t drive D． wouldn' t have driven
分析：选 A句意：“ 你驾照考试经过了吗？”“ 是的，不然的话我下个月就不可以开车去野餐了。

”答句表示对未来的虚构，故主句顶用should/would/could/might do 。

14． (2018 江·苏调研一 )— I am still on the way.Don ' t wait for me to have dinner.
— Had you bicycled there, we ________ dinner together now.
A． are having B．were having
C． would be having D． would have been having
分析：选 C句意：“ 我还在路上。

不要等我吃晚餐了。

”“ 假如你骑车去那边的话，
此刻我们就会在一同吃晚餐了。

”依据语境及句子构造可知，空地方在句使用了混淆虚构语
气，从句表示的是与过去事实相反的假定，主句则表示的是与此刻事实相反的假定，且表示正在进行的动作，故应用would be doing。

15． (2017 ·州高三一模常)“ But for the fact that you ________ here for 3 years, I ________ in this key high school now, facing its endless homework and exams ！” the poor girl cried to her helpless father.
A． studied; wouldn' t have studied
B． studied; wouldn' t be studying
C． had studied; wouldn' t have studied
D． had studied; wouldn' t be studying
分析：选 B句意：“ 要不是由于你在这儿上过三年学，我此刻也不会在这所要点中学，
面对无量尽的作业和考试！” 这个可怜的女孩向她无奈的父亲哭诉。

第一个空格是一个发生
在过去的事实，因此用一般过去时studied；第二个空格是与此刻事实相反的委婉虚构语气，
再联合句意，应选wouldn' t be studying。

[模拟试题组二 ]
1． (2018 ·无锡高三一模 )— You could hardly imagine what great trouble John had reserving a hotel room during the G20 summit.
— He ________ in my apartment. It was vacant as I was abroad then.
A． must have stayed B． should have stayed
C． could have stayed D． would have stayed
分析：选 C句意：“你几乎不可以想象John 在 G20 峰会时期预定一间旅馆客房有多么困难。

”“ 他本能够住在我的公寓里的。

由于那时候我在外国，房屋是空着的。

”依据句意可知，此处表示“ 原来能够做某事而没有做” ，因此要用could have done。

2． (2018 ·锡高三一模无)According to the school rule, no child ________ be allowed out
of the school, unless accompanied by his own parents.
A． should B． must
C． shall D． can
分析：选 C句意：依据校规，孩子不可以够走开学校，除非有他自己的父亲母亲的陪同。

shall
用于第三人称，在合约、规定、法律等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“ 应当，一定” 。

3． (2018 ·苏调研五江 )The boss had made full preparations for the financial problems, otherwise, his company ________ out of trouble at such a short time.
A． didn' t get B． hadn' t got
C． wouldn' t get D． wouldn' t have got
分析：选 D句意：老板对这些金融问题做了充足的准备，不然的话，他的企业不会在
这么短的时间内走出窘境。

依据句意，特别是句中的“otherwise”一词可知，此处表示与过
去事实相反的虚构，故空处应用wouldn' t have done 构造。

4．(2018 苏·、锡、常、镇三模 )— Penny' s baby daughter narrowly escaped drinking
the furniture polish on the coffee table.
— Luckily for her. She ________ sick or even died.
A． could have got B． should have got
C． must have got D． will have got
分析：选 A句意：“ 彭妮的小女儿差点喝了咖啡桌上的家具亮光剂。

”“ 她真好运。

她本可能会重病一场或许甚至(为此 )丧命的。

” could have done“本应可能做某事而没
做” ，切合语境。

should have done“本应当做某事而没做”；must have done“ 必定做了
某事”。

5． (2018 ·通、泰州一模南)I ' m sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline. With better equipment, I ________ the task on schedule.
A． would accomplish
B． might have accomplished
C． must have accomplished
D． could accomplish
分析：选 B句意：很对不起，我没有在规准时间内达成任务。

假如有更好的设施，我可
能已经准时达成任务了。

依据句意，此处应用might have done “可能已经”表示对过
去状况的一种推断。

6． (2018 ·城高三三模盐)It ' s a sad fact of life: lies are lies, and sometimes the truth ________ lie as well.
A． shall B． should
C． can D． must
分析：选C 句意：这是一个可悲的生活事实：谎话就是谎话，而有时真谛也可能是谎言。

can 表示“有时会”，用于描绘常有的行为或情况。

7． (2018 ·苏押题卷四江)________ not for the constructive advice of the young man, the conference couldn' t be that successful.
A． It was C． It were B． Was it D． Were it
分析：选 D 句意：要不是由于这个年青人的建设性建议，这个会议不行能开得那么成功。

此处考察省略if 的虚构条件句。

依据句意及句中的“couldn' t be that successful”可知，此处表示与此刻事实相反，故从句中谓语动词用一般过去时。

在虚构条件句中，be 动词用were，当if 省略时，则把were 移到主语从前，应选D。

8． (2018 扬·州高三一模 )I think that conflict is unlikely to happen, but if it
________ the interests of both China and the U ． S. would be severely damaged.
，
A． would occur C． were to occur B． had occurred D． occurs
分析：选 C句意：我以为矛盾不太可能发生，可是假如发生了，中美两方的利益都会
遇到严重的伤害。

依据句中的“is unlikely to happen”可知矛盾当前并无发生，因此这类假设是针对未来而言的，此时从句谓语能够用一般过去时态，“ were＋不定式”或许should do，主句谓语用would/should/could/might do。

9．(2018 苏·、锡、常、镇二模 )I could have finished my self-reflection last weekend, but the math classes and exercises ________ all my spare time.
A． take up B． had taken up
C． took up D． had been taking up
分析：选 C 句意：我本可上周末就达成反省整理工作的，但数学课和练习占有了我所
有的业余时间。

从句为委婉条件句，but 组成并列句，以真切的状况表示隐含的虚构条件。

10．(2018 南·通、扬州、泰州三模)She would be much healthier now ________ with that much pressure from work when young.
A． had she not burdened herself
B．were she not burdened
C． should she not burden herself
D． were she not to be burdened
分析：选 A从句是省略了if 的虚构条件句，依据“when young”可知是对过去的虚构，
用过去达成时，句中将助动词had 提早，省略了连词if。

11．(2018 ·、锡、常、镇三模苏)Mr Simmons always tries to make me keep in mind that how much easier my life ________ if I were better organized.
A． will be B．would have been
C． would be D． will have been
分析：选 C句意：西蒙斯先生老是全力让我切记假如我安排稳当的话生活就会变得非
常简单。

本句是对当前状况的虚构，故从句用一般过去时，主句用would do。

12． (2018 ·安高三信息卷淮)When Emma isn' t caring for Bowie, she works for four housekeeping clients, including one who requires that she ________ for eight hours.
A． iron B． irons
C． will iron D． has ironed
分析：选 A require “要求”，后来的宾语从句常用“ (should＋)动词原形”，表示虚
拟语气，应选 A 。

13． (2018 ·江高三联考镇)— What if I had parked my car here just now?
— What luck! You ________.
A． would have been fined B． should be fined
C． would be fined D． must have been fined
分析：选 A句意：“ 方才假如我把车子停在这儿会出现什么状况？”“ 你太好运了！假如那样，你会被罚款的。

” 依据句意可知，本句应当用虚构语气，表示与过去事实相反。

答句中省略了if 从句，主句部分谓语动词应当用“would/should/could/might＋have done” 。

14． (2018 南·京二模 )— Mike went to the hospital alone.
— If he ________ me about it, I would have gone with him.
A． should tell B． told
C． had told D． tells
分析：选 C句意：“ 迈克一个人去了医院。

”“ 假如他告诉过我的话，我会和他一同
去的。

”依据前方的动词went 和后边的主句部分的would have gone 可知，此题考察与过
去事实相反的虚构语气，因此从句顶用had done。

15． (2018 江·苏押题卷八)I actually believe that we would win the football match now if you ________ on the left leg last month.
A． weren' t injured B． hadn' t been injured
C． haven' t been injured D． wouldn' t be injured
分析：选 B句意：事实上，我以为假如上个月你的左腿没有受伤的话，我们此刻就能
赢下这场足球竞赛了。

剖析句子构造可知，I actually believe 后是由 that 指引的宾语从句；
且该宾语从句使用了混淆虚构语气，主句表示与此刻状况相反，而if 指引的虚构条件句则
表示与过去状况相反，故应用had done 构造。

1． ________ me of the company '
[押题题组 ]
s current situation earlier, I wouldn ' t have signed the
contract with it.
A． You informed C． You had informed B．Did you inform D． Had you informed
分析：选D 句意：若是你早些告诉我这家企业的现状的话，我是不会和它签合同的。

依据句意及剖析句子构造可知，本句是一个虚构条件句，且依据主句中的“wouldn' t have signed the contract with it ”可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的假定，故从句的谓语动词应用
had done 构造；又从句省略了指引词if，故从句需用倒装构造，将had 置于主语前方，故选 D 。

2． No wonder some people don' t show sympathy for the victim of the accident. She
________ have observed the traffic rules.
A． must C． need B． should D． would
分析：选B 句意：难怪有些人对此次事故的受害者不表示怜悯。

她原来应当恪守交通规则的。

依据“don' t show sympathy”可知，人们对事故的受害者不表示怜悯，她可能做了
她本不该当做的事情。

should have observed 意为“原来应当恪守”，切合语境。

3． France has recently passed a law that says all supermarkets ________ donate all of their unsold produce to charities.
A． may C． will B． should D． shall
分析：选 D句意：法国近来经过一项法律，该法律规定全部的商场都要把它们没卖掉
的农产品捐赠给慈善机构。

在法律、合约、协议等文件中，shall 能够表示义务、规定、命
令等。

依据题干中的“a law ”可知， shall 切合语境。

4．— They are said to have been familiar with each other.
— But they ________. They were introduced only hours ago.
A． may not have been B． couldn' t have been
C． mustn' t have been D． needn' t have been
分析：选 B句意：“ 听说他们从前很熟习。

”“ 可是，那是不行能的。

他们不过在几
个小时前刚才经过介绍认识相互。

” couldn' t have done 在此处表示对过去事情的否认推断。

5．— Your brother has been admitted to Nanjing University?
— Yes, he deserves it. If I had worked as wisely, that ________ my destiny.
A． might be B．would be
C． could have been D． will have been
分析：选 C句意：“ 你弟弟被南京大学录取了？”“ 是的。

这是他应得的。

假如我当
初也能理智地选择好勤学习，我也会有这样的光荣。

” 该句是对过去的事情进行假定，应选C 项。

6．— Mr Frank Smith truly stands out as the best friend and teacher combination.
— Absolutely! When I look back on what he did, I' m not sure whether I ________ the same in his position.
A． would do B．would have done
C． must have done D． could do
分析：选 B句意：“ 弗兰克·史密斯先生既是老师又是我们最好的朋友，他真的很杰
出。

”“ 绝对是！当我回首他所做的全部时，我不可以确立，若是我身处他那样的地点可否做
到相同的地步。

” 该句表达的是对过去事情的假定，应选 B 项。

7． The measure of a man ' s real character is what he ________ if he ________ he would never be found out.
A． would do; knew B． may do; knew
C． might do; knows D． should do; had known
分析：选 A句意：对一个人格行的真切权衡是看他在没人发现的状况下会做什么。

此处考察虚构语气，是对一般状况的假定。

8． But for the help of my English teacher, I ________ the first prize in the last English Writing Competition.
A． didn' t win C． haven' t won B．wouldn'
D． wouldn'
t win
t have won
分析：选 D 句意：要不是我的英语老师的帮助，我也不会在上届的英语写作竞赛中获
得一等奖。

剖析句子构造及句意可知，But for 在句中引出了虚构条件，即隐含虚构，相当
于 If there hadn ' t been the help of my English teacher，而空处表示与过去事实相反的假定，
应用 would have done 构造。

9． Angela reasoned with Simon patiently and tried to persuade him to change his mind, but Simon ________ not listen to her, insisting on doing that.
A． would B． might
C． ought to D． could
分析：选A 句意：Angela 耐心地与Simon 讲道理并试图说服他改变想法，可是Simon 不肯意听她的，坚持要那样做。

依据句意可知，此处应用would 表示一种意向。

10．Water ________ to our planet during the first two million years after the birth of the solar system, a study has found.
A． might be brought
B． may have been brought
C． could be brought
D． should have been brought
分析：选B 句意：一项研究发现，水可能是在太阳系形成后的头200 万年里被带到了
我们的星球。

此处表示对过去状况的可能性推断，故要用“神态动词＋have done 构造” 。

依据语境可知，此处表示“过去可能做了某事” ，故用might/may have done构造。