六年级英语阅读题型及解题技巧+专项训练练习题(答案解析)

部编六年级英语阅读题型及解题技巧
小学英语阅读理解一般分选择填空、判断、回答问题、完形填空四类。

①做任何阅读理解首先要通读全文，弄懂句意，千万不得马虎。

②做好选择填空最好用排除法，首先排除语法、词法上的错误，再根据短文内容逐一排除每一个选项。

在排除每一个选项的过程中要细心，要明白排除每一项的原因，如果有几项看似都对，那就要考虑生活实际，排除不符合的。

如果实在排除不了其它选项，先要考虑自己有没有看错短文中的细节，只要题目不错，肯定有正确答案的。

③做判断题更加需要细心，先要明白需要判断的语句主要讲的意思，然后再在文中找与此相关的语句，逐一对比，一旦发现哪有明显的不同，立刻做标记（×）。

④回答问题要怎么问，怎么答，尽量用原文的句子回答，不要把单词抄错，回答后也要通读一遍，检查是否与原文相符，有没有语法、词法上的错误。

⑤完形填空也要用排除法，如果出现一个单词的多种形态，要利用语法常识逐一排除；出现几个意义相近的单词，要考虑每个单词的用法；
若出现几个不同意义的单词，就考虑每个单词放在文中是否合理。

二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解阅读对话，判断句子正误。

A: I was busy last Sunday. What about you, Mary?
B: I was on the farm with my uncle.
A：What did you do?
B: I did exercise in the morning. no
A: Were you free in the afternoon?
B: No, I wasn't. I cleaned the farm.
A：Did you watch TV?
B: No. I must finish my homework.
A: I'm sure you were tired.
B: You're right. But I think it was interesting.
（1）Mary was on the farm with her grandfather last Saturday.
（2）Mary did exercise in the morning.
（3）There were some chicks on the farm.
（4）Mary didn't watch TV.
（5）Mary wasn't tired last Sunday.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）1
（4）1
（5）0
【解析】【分析】大意：两位朋友在相互聊上周星期日所做过的事情。

（1）句意：Mary上周六和她的爷爷在农场。

根据原文I was busy last Sunday.和I was on the farm with my uncle.可知，Mary上周星期日和叔叔在农场。

故答案为：错误。

（2）句意：Mary早上做锻炼。

根据原文I did exercise in the morning.可知，Mary早上确实会做锻炼。

故答案为：正确。

（3）句意：农场里有小鸡。

根据原文At a quarter to eight I gave some food to the chicks.可知，农场有小鸡。

故答案为：正确。

（4）句意：Mary不看电视。

根据原文No. I must finish my homework.可知，Mary不看电视，她必须做作业。

故答案为：正确。

（5）句意：上周星期日，Mary不累。

根据原文对话I'm sure you were tired.和You're right.可知，Mary上周星期日很累。

故答案为：错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

首先，通读全文，掌握大意。

结合题干句子与原文相对照，然后进行判断。

3．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误。

Mr.Smith looks young,but he is sixty-eight years old.He has some children.One of his sons is a doctor.The other is studying in America.The daughter is working with her father.Now, Mr.Smith works in a factory near here.He thinks Chinese people are friendly and Chinese food is very good.He can speak a little Chinese.So he goes to Chinese classes every day.He says it is hard to learn Chinese.And he must study hard.
（1）Mr. Smith is a young man.
（2）Mr. Smith has three children.
（3）Mr. Smith's daughter is studying in America.
（4）Mr. Smith thinks Chinese people are not friendly.
（5）He says it's hard to learn Chinese.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】该短文主要是九月一号开学的第一天莉莉的心情及所干的事情。

（1）细节阅读，根据Today is September 1. It's the first day of school.得知这是开学的第一天，故答案为：错误。

（2）细节阅读，根据She wants to meet her friends.得知她想见她的朋友，故答案为：正确。

（3）细节阅读，根据Then she rides her bike to school. 得知她骑自行车去上学，故答案为：错误。

（4）细节阅读，根据Lily thinks she is a nice teacher.得知她的新老师是个很好的妇女，故答案为：正确。

（5）细节阅读，根据Lily meets her new English teacher. Her name is Mrs. Green. 得知格林夫人是她的英语老师，故答案为：正确。

【点评】此题目要求快速阅读文章，把握内容、了解大意，然后细致阅读，抓住主要内容和细节，标出关键词，然后做出选择，完成题目。

4．阅读理解
My summer holiday is coming to the end．During the holiday，we went to Dalian for a visit，I saw the beautiful sea there，it was really amazing．The sea water was as blue as the sky，and it was very clean．Also，the beach in Dalian was very nice，we built a small sand palace．When I was swimming in the sea，as if I was a little fish．I like that feeling very much．I also spent time to study for school．I read many books，practiced math problems，and I finished all of my homework．I was very happy．
（1）Where did she go during the holiday?
A. Shanghai
B. Dalian
C. Sanya
（2）How about the sea water?
A. blue
B. clean
C. both A and B
（3）What did they do on the beach?
A. Pick up shells
B. Have a sun bath on the beach
C. Built a small sand palace
（4）Did he like swimming in the sea?
A. Yes，he did．
B. Yes，he does．
C. No，he didn't．
（5）Did he finish all his homework?
A. Yes，he did．
B. Yes，he does．
C. No，he didn't．
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）C
（4）A
（5）A
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了作者是怎样度过她的暑假的。

（1）细节理解 . 题意：他在假期期间去哪儿了？根据短文中的语句“ During the holiday，we went to Dalian for a visit，”可知她在假期期间去大连了。

故答案为：B .
（2）细节理解 . 题意：海水怎么样？根据短文中的语句“The sea water was as blue as the sky，and it was very clean．”可知海水是蓝色的和干净的。

故答案为：C .
（3）细节理解 . 题意：他们在海滩上做什么？根据短文中的语句“ the beach in Dalian was very nice，we built a small sand palace．”可知他们在海滩上建立了一个小沙宫，故答案为：C .
（4）细节理解 . 题意：他喜欢在海里游泳吗？根据短文中的语句“When I was swimming in the sea，as if I was a little fish．I like that feeling very much．”可知他喜欢在海里游泳，故答案为：A .
（5）细节理解 . 题意：他完成了他所有的作业了吗？根据短文中的语句“I finished all of my homework．”可知他完成了他所有的作业，故答案为：A .
【点评】本题考查对细节的识别能力和推理，答题时注意在文章中寻找答案。

5．阅读理解读一读，选择正确的答案
（1）How many kinds of food does the Healthy Eating Rainbow have?
A. Three.
B. Six.
C. Seven.
（2）What makes up(构成) the Healthy Eating Rainbow?
A. Vegetables.
B. Sweets.
C. Fruits and vegetables.
（3）What does“attractive”mean?
A. Healthy.
B. Delicious.
C. Lovely.
（4） can take the place of(代替) cherries in the Healthy Eating Rainbow.
A. Tomatoes
B. Meat
C. Strawberry sweets
（5）Why does the writer of the poster make the Healthy Eating Rainbow?
A. To make people eat fewer(更少的) fruits and vegetables.
B. To show that fruits and vegetables are attractive.
C. To show that fruits and vegetables are healthy.
【答案】（1）B
（3）B
（4）A
（5）C
【解析】【分析】这是一张介绍吃七彩的食物对健康有益的宣传海报。

（1）句意：健康饮食彩虹有几种食物？根据海报：Cherries，Oranges，Bananas，Broccoli，Blueberries， Grapes等有6种，B选项正确。

故答案为：B。

（2）句意：饮食彩虹由什么构成？根据海报句子“Try eating this colorful rainbow of fruits and vegetables”可知有水果也有蔬菜。

C选项正确。

故答案为：C。

（3）句意：attractive是什么意思？根据第一段叙述这里是讨论糖果和蔬菜的不同。

A选项是“健康的”，不合适。

疑问糖果不是健康食品；lovely“可爱的”，意思不合适。

只有delicious“美味的”适合句意。

故答案为：B。

（4）句意：......可以替代饮食彩虹里的樱桃。

A选项是：西红柿；B选项是：肉；C选项是：草莓糖。

这里替代水果“樱桃”，用颜色相同，同样健康的西红柿合适。

故答案为：A。

（5）句意：为什么海报作者制作健康饮食彩虹？根据海报题目“Eating the Rainbow ！ You Can Be Healthy Too. ”（吃这个彩虹。

你也可以健康。

）可知为了强调水果和蔬菜的健康特性。

C选项正确。

故答案为：C。

【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。

仔细阅读海报，注意内容和图片，然后选择合适的选项回答问题。

6．阅读理解根据短文内容完成下列表格Austria Sydney(悉尼)
Sydney is in the east of Australia．It is a beautiful and clean city．It is very far from here．It takes about seven hours to get there by plane．In Sydney there are many different kinds of museums．There are a lot of parks there, too．There are also many wonderful beaches. People can swim in the sea．We also can see kangaroos, koalas and other lovely animals at the zoo．The seafood tastes yummy!
【解析】【分析】这是一篇介绍澳大利亚的城市悉尼的小短文.
（1）“main city”的中文是“主要城市”，根据短文题目可知①答案为: Sydney
（2）“Places to go”的中文是“（可）去的地方”，根据短文句子“In Sydney there are many different kinds of museums．There are a lot of parks there, too．There are also many wonderful beaches. ”可知（可）去的地方有：博物馆，公园，海滩和动物园。

故答案为: ②parks ③
（3）“What to eat”的中文是“（可）吃的东西”，根据短文句子“The seafood tastes yummy!”可知（可）吃的东西是“海鲜”. 故答案为: ④seafood
（4）“How to get there”的中文是“如何到达那里”，根据短文句子“It takes about seven hours to get there by plane．”可知乘飞机到那里大约花费七个小时。

故答案为:⑤ seven
【点评】本题考查对短文细节的识别能力，答题时注意在文章中寻找答案。