辽宁省沈阳市中考英语综合阅读真题汇编(带答案)

辽宁省沈阳市中考英语综合阅读真题汇编(精选2017-2019年中考真题+详细解析答案，值得下载)
2019
六、综合阅读（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读短文，然后按要求完成第50—59小题。

Here are two old stories from Chinese history.TheChinese people have told them for many years.
One is a story about Cao Cao's son，a clever boynamed Cao Chong.One day，Cao Caogot a huge elephant from Sun Quan and he wanted to know the weight of it.Because there wasn't a scale large enough，some soldiersadvised him to（A）it up.But Cao Cao didn't want tokill the elephant.Just then，Cao Chong came up with a greatidea.He asked some soldiers to lead the elephant onto aboat.As the heavy animal walked onto it，the boat wentlower into the water.After Cao Chong drew a line on theside of the boat to mark how low it went，the elephant wastaken off the boat.（B）The boat was filed with rocks until the water reached the line on the boat. Cao Chong thenweighed the rocks.The rocks and the elephant were of thesame weight.（C）曹操对他的儿子生常满意。

The other story is about a wise man named ZhugeLiang.He was asked to make 100，000 arrows（箭）within 10days.He told （D）his soldiers to fill 20 large boats with manystraw men.In the early morning of the third day，the soldierssaid the boats towards the camps of Cao Cao's army onthe other side of the river.They shouted and boat theirdrums loud.When Cao Cao's soldiers heard the sounds，they thought they were （E）attack. However，they could not see through the thick tog on the river.Cao Caoordered his soldiers to shoot arrows towards the sounds ofthe drums and the shouting.Zhuge Liang got enough arrowsand then sailed back successfully.
50.在文中（A）和（E）的空白处填入适当的单词
51.将文中划线部分（B）改写为：The boat wasrocks.
52.将文中划线部分（C）译成英语：
53.文中划线部分（D）指代的是：
54.从文中找出两个历史人物：
B
A different culture keeps my eyes and mind open.WhenI stayed in Russia （A）
an exchange student，I learnedabout it.
One day，a Russian trend invited me to a （B）well—knownrestaurant in Moscow（莫斯科）Ilooked forward to trying local （当地的）food.After arriving there，I found nothing on
the table but several small plates，on which there werenuts，a few slices（片）of tomatoes，and several pieces ofonions.Although the dishes were simple，we drank a lotand I felt the passion（热情）from the bottom of his heart.InChina，when we invite friends or relatives，we always treatthem to a big dinner.We prepare as much food as we can（C）show our friendliness.
What a different culture it isl Even though we try ourbest，it's very （D）difficult to get used to their customs.Another Russian custom also impresses me deeply.Aswe know，it is very cold in winter there.When wintercomes，（E）俄罗斯人喜欢游泳.They even take their kids outsidetogether.Like their parents，（F）Russian kids rub （擦）their bodies with snow before jumping into the water.Althoughthe water is freezing cold，they all play happily in it What fun it is to know about a different culture.
55.在文中（A）和（C）的空白处填入适当的单词:
56.写出文中划线部分（B）和（D）的同义词或近义词：
57.将文中划线部分（E）译成英语
58.将文中划线部分（F）改写为：Russion kids rub theirbodies with snow before
into the water.
59.从文中拔出能说明本文主旨大意的短语.
50.cut;under
51.full of
52.Cao Cao was （very）happy/satisfied/pleased with his son.
53.Zhuge Liang's
54.Cao Cao/Cao Chong/Zhuge Liang/Sun Quan（任选两个）
55.as;to
56.famous;hard
57.Russians like/love to swim/swimming./
Russians enjoy/are fond of /are keen on swimming
58.they jump
59.A/a different culture
2018
五、综合阅读
阅读短文，然后按要求完成第51-60小题。

A
Puberty(青春期) is the stage of life when young people leave childhood and head into adulthood. It is a difficult process(过程)for teenagers because it has an effect on both their minds and bodies. They need to understand what is going on with their bodies, how to deal with those changes and how to start taking responsibility(责任) for themselves.
A young person may begin puberty at 8, while another may not start puberty(A)______14 or 15. In general, girls start puberty two years before boys do. For both girls and boys, it is usually complete by the age of 18.
During these years, the body develops in many ways. (B) 感受也会迅速地改变
Teenage boys at this stage often begin to take unnecessary risks. Their focus is on having fun and being accepted by others. (C) They need to think before they act and make good decisions for themselves.
A girl’s personality often does not develop in the same way (D)_______a boy’s. Teenage girls sometimes lose confidence in themselves. They are no longer (E)certain about their own feelings. Yet they are usually afraid to tell their parents or teachers about their problems. For
this reason, teenage girls should be encouraged to(F) talk about things with trusted adults. Parents, schools and communities can do a lot to care for and help young people. It is everyone's responsibility to make sure that young people grow into healthy adults.
51. 在文中(A)和(D)的空白处填入适当的单词：__________；___________
52. 将文中画线部分(B)译成语__________
53. 文中画线部分(C)指代的是:____________?
54. 写出文中画线部分(E)和(F)的同义词或近义词______________；__________
55. 从文中找出青春期影响青少年两个方面的名词：__________，___________
【答案】51. (1). until (2). as
52. Feelings can/ will also change quickly
53. Teenage boys
54. (1). sure (2). discuss
55. (1). minds (2). bodies
【解析】
本文主要介绍了青少年在青春期的时候，思想和身体都发生的一些变化。

【51题详解】
句意：有的年轻人可能从8 岁就开始进入青春期，而有的可能要一直等到14 或15 岁。

not…until…“直到……才……”；结合句意可知，有的要一直等到14 或15 岁，才进入青春期。

因此(A)填until。

句子A girl’s personality often does not develop in the same way (D)_______a boy’s. 的句意是：女孩子的个性通常不会像男孩子那样彰扬。

the same as ……与……一样；结合句意可知(D)填as。

所以本题的答案为(1). until (2). as 【52题详解】
feelings感情；情感；( feeling的名词复数)；“迅速地”用quickly；“改变”是change；因此答案为Feelings can also change quickly.
【53题详解】
根据上文的句子Teenage boys at this stage often begin to take unnecessary risks. 十几岁的男孩子在这个阶段往往会开始进行一些不必要的冒险。

因此句子They need to think before they act and make good decisions for themselves. 他们需要在三思而后行，为自己做
出正确的决定。

所以句中的they指代上文的Teenage boys。

【54题详解】
句子They are no longer (E)certain about their own feelings.的意思是：她们对自己的情感失去把握。

对……有把握用be sure about表达。

因此句中的certain相当于sure。

句子For this reason, teenage girls should be encouraged to(F) talk about things with trusted adults.的意思是：出于这个原因，女孩子应该被鼓励遇事多与大人沟通，并建立信任。

我们知道discuss sth. (with sb.) = to talk about sth. with sb. 讨论；谈论；商量。

总之本题的答案为(1). sure (2). discuss。

【55题详解】
根据句子It is a difficult process for teenagers because it has an effect on both their minds and bodies. 可知，对青少年来说这是一个艰难的过程，因为他们同时受到身心两方面的影响。

因此青春期影响青少年两个方面的名词是(1). minds (2). bodies。

B
The play takes place in a typical(经典的), old Bejing teahouse. The main characters are teahouse's owner(Wang Lifa) and his customers, who all live in the same neighborhood. They come in and (A)__of the teahouse and talk to each other.
The play reflects(反映) changes in the lives of almost70 characters.(B)它包括三个部分The first act takes place in 1898 at the time of the Qing dynasty. The second act jumps forward 20 years and the (C)final act takes place in 1948.
In Teahouse, the writer Lao She says goodbye to the old Chinese society(社会)and hello to the new one.(D)It’s about the changes that have taken place in Chinese society in almost 50 yea rs. All types of people come to the teahouse in Beijing. Some come to do business. Others come just to sit and (E)pass the time. There are some good, kind people and there are also some bad, nasty(讨厌的) characters. They meet, they talk, they argue, they gossip(闲聊)and then they get on with their lives.
Teahouse was(F)_________put on in 1958. It is still one of the most popular plays in China. It is a favourite work by Lao She, one of Chinas most popular writers. Anyone who is interested in Chinese life and history should see the play. It helps one to understand Chinese culture better.
56. 在文中(A)和(F)的空白处填入适当的单词:__________;_________
57. 将文中画线部分(B)译成英语:______________
58. 写出文中画线部分C|和E)的同义词或近义词:_________;____________-
59. 将文中画线部分(D)改写为:It' s about the changes that have taken place in Chinese society in almost half ___________ ___________
60. 从文中找出老舍先生的著作名称:______________
【答案】56. (1). out (2). first
57. It includes/contains/has 3 parts./ It is in three parts
58. (1). last/third (2). spend/kill
59. (1). a (2). century
60. Teahouse
【解析】
本文是关于话剧《茶馆》的介绍。

【56题详解】
句子They come in and (A)__of the teahouse and talk to each other.的意思是：他们出入茶馆，互相交谈。

结合句意用out与in构成短语in and out出入的意思。

也就是出来进去。

句子Teahouse was(F)_________put on in 1958.的意思是：茶馆最早在1958上演。

结合句意可知，在1958年，茶馆是第一次上演。

因此用first。

所以第一题的答案为(1). out (2). first。

【57题详解】
“包括”用include或contain；“三个部分”用three parts；It做主语，谓语用三单。

因此答案为It includes/contains/has 3 parts./ It is in three parts。

【58题详解】
句子The second act jumps forward 20 years and the (C)final act takes place in 1948.的句意为：第二幕向前跳了20年，最后的故事发生在1948年。

因此final意为“最后或第三”的意思。

同义词为last或third。

句子Others come just to sit and (E)pass the time.的意思是：其他人来只是为了坐下来消磨时间。

这里的pass与spend是同义词。

所以本题的答案为(1). last / third (2). spend/kill。

【59题详解】
句子It’s about the changes t hat have taken place in Chinese society in almost 50 years.的意
思是：这是近50年来中国社会发生的变化。

50年也就是半个世纪，可以用half a century 表达。

所以答案为(1). a (2). century。

【60题详解】
由句子In Teahouse, the writer Lao She says goodbye to the old Chinese society(社会)and hello to the new one. 可知，在茶馆里，作家老舍向旧的中国社会告别，向新的中国社会问好。

因此老舍先生的著作为Teahouse。

2017
五、综合阅读（共2小题，每小题10分，满分20分）阅读短文，然后按要求完成第51-60小题．
51．Do you know laszlo Biro？Maybe you do not，but you probably use his invention every day，and you may even have （A）it in your hand right now!
Biro was the inventor of the ballpoint pen．He was born in Budapest，Hungary．In the 1930s，when he worked as a newspaper editor （编辑），he used a fountain pen （B）almost every day．However，he had to refill it all the time．The ink also did not dry easily，and it sometimes made a mess on the paper．Biro （C）想要更好的笔．His brother，George，helped him develop a special ink．The ink dried easily．Then they developed a new type of pen．There was a （D）tiny ball at the tip of the pen．The ball rolled ink onto the paper as it moved．They call it the"ballpoint"pen．
The ballpoint pen was a great success．Everyone love it．Now （E）millions of people use it all over the world every day．
People will always remember Biro for his invention．Today in many English﹣speaking countries，people still use the word"biro"to refer to any kind of ballpoint pen．
51．文中画线部分（A）指代的是：his invention．
52．写出文中划线部分（B）和（D
53．将文中画线部分（C
54．将文中画线部分（E）改写为
everyday．
55
【考点】P5：任务型阅读．
【分析】文章大意：
文中提到的是圆珠笔的由来，圆珠笔是由laszlo Biro发明的．一开始这个人是报纸编辑，用笔用起来非常不方面．为了更加有效地书写和编辑内容，于是突发奇想，发明了一种非常易干的墨水，同时发明了圆珠笔，现在全世界几乎所有的人都在使用．
【解答】51．his invention，推理判断题，文中提到"you probably use his invention every day，and you may even have （A）it in your hand right now"你每天都用他的发明，现在手里有可能就有一个，由此可知it指代的应该是他的发明，填写his invention．52．nearly，small，考察同义词辨析，文中提到"when he worked as a newspaper editor"他是一个报纸的编辑，所以应该时几乎每天都用笔，nearly意为几乎，与almost同义；文中提到"ball at the tip of the pen"在一支笔的笔尖，因为笔尖就已经很小了，所以上边的那个小球应该就更小了，tiny的同义词为small．所以填写small．
53．wanted a better pen，考察汉英互译，文中给定的是想要更好的笔，想要是want，由于在过去，所以用一般过去时，用wanted，更好的，由此判断用形容词good的比较级形式better，由此确定填写wanted a better pen．
54．million；everywhere，考察句式互换及句意理解，文中给出的是"millions of people use it all over the world every day"全世界成千上万的人都在用，millions of people成千上万的人，可以用several million几百万的…all over the world全世界，可以理解为是世界上的每个角落，由此确定填写everywhere．
55．ballpoint pen；biro，推理判断题，文中提到"They call it the"ballpoint"pen"他们称呼那支笔为ballpoint pen，同时"people still use the word"biro"to refer to any kind of ballpoint pen．"现在的人们用biro来称呼ballpoint pen，由此确定可以用ballpoint pen和biro两个词来表示．
56．California is one of the richest states in America．It has a large amount of land．And it also has more people than any other states．It has plenty of natural resources （资源），too．But everything （A）_______ not perfect there．California has two major problems：earthquakes and forest fires．
The San Andreas Fault runs through California．（B）As a result of it，the state gets many earthquakes．（C）其中一些地震非常强烈For example，there was a strong earthquake in
San Francisco in 1906．It destroyed many buildings．And it started a large number of fires．（D）More than 3，000 people died after it．There have also been many other strong earthquakes．Some people fear that the"big （E）one"will hit someday．They think an earthquake will cause a huge amount of damage （破坏）．
During summer and autumn，much of California is dry．So forest fires，or wildfires，often start．Those fires can spread （F）rapidly．They burn many forest．But they can also burn people's homes and buildings．They often kill people．（G）_______ firefighters can put them out．
56．在文中（A）和（G）的空白处填入合适的单词：is；before
57．写出文中划线部分（B）和（F）的同义词语或近义词语：Because of；quickly 58．将文中划线部分（C）译成英语：Some of the earthquakes are very strong．．59．将文中划线部分（D）改写为：over3，000 people lost their lives after it．60．文中划线部分（E）指代的是：earthquake．
【考点】P5：任务型阅读．
【分析】文章大意：这是一篇地质灾害类阅读，主要介绍美国加利福尼亚州很富裕，拥有大量的土地，也有很多人，自然资源非常丰富，但是有两个主要问题：地震和森林火灾．作者列举了几次地震和大火造成的财产损失和人员伤亡的例子．
【解答】56．答案：is；before．阅读填空题．第一个空，一般现在时态，everything做主语谓语动词用单数，这里是系表结构，因此用is，表示"任何事情都不是完美的"．第二个空，根据上句They often kill people．它们经常杀人．及下句消防队员可以灭火．可知，应该是把火扑灭前烧死很多人，因此用连词before在…之前．答案是is；before．57．答案：Because of；quickly．考查近义词．第一个空As a result of由于，后跟代词it它，可以用Because of由于，代替．第二个空，rapidly迅速地，副词，可以用quickly 迅速地，代替．答案是Because of；quickly．
58．答案：Some of the earthquakes are very strong．汉译英．原句是陈述句，一般现在时态，主要是"其中一些地震"Some of the earthquakes．谓语动词用复数are．"非常强烈"very 副词，修饰形容词strong．这里是系表结构．答案是Some of the earthquakes are very strong．
59．答案：over；lost．考查同义句．More than 3，000 people died after it超过3000人
死于它之后．可以表达为"超过3000人在那之后失去了生命．"，more than超过，用over 代替．died死亡，过去式形式，用lost（lose的过去式）their lives失去了他们的生命代替．答案是over；lost．
60．答案：earthquake．细节理解题．根据上句There have also been many other strong earthquakes．还有许多其他强烈地震．可知，这里的one代指earthquake地震．填earthquake．。