在职攻硕英语联考模拟试卷87(题后含答案及解析)

在职攻硕英语联考模拟试卷87(题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Dialogue Communication 2. V ocabulary and Structure 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Cloze Test 5. Translation 6. Writing
Part I Dialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)
Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
1．Speaker A: Yes, can I help you?Speaker B: ______
A．Thanks. I’m very grateful for your help.
B．We’re just looking. Thanks.
C．Yeah, can you help me with this experiment?
D．Yes. Can you tell me how to get to the National Library?
正确答案：B
解析：A方的话显示A方是售货员，对话发生在商店，需要B方做出是否购物的反应。

B项“谢谢，我们只是转转”，符合这一特定的对话场景，是正确答案。

其他几项都与A方的问题不一致。

2．Speaker A: Terry is strange. He always complains about things. Speaker B: ______
A．I don’t know Terry, so I don’t know whether what you have said is true or not.
B．So do I. He is hard to get along with.
C．Yeah. He’s very difficult to please. He criticizes everything and everybody.
D．I don’t like talking with strangers like Terry.
正确答案：C
解析：A方在和B方谈论Terry，C项与A方谈论的话题内容一致，所以是正确答案，B项的前半部分表达错误，D项与A方谈话内容毫无逻辑关系。

A项不太符合这一对话情景下的交际惯例。

3．Doctor: It’s the flu. Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. Patient: Do I have to stay in bed? I have piles of work to do at office. Doctor:______.
A．Did you hear what I just said?
B．You needn’t go to the office.
C．It’s OK if you have to work overtime.
D．I’m afraid you have to keep it off your mind for a week or so.
正确答案：D
解析：诊所医生和病人间的对话，此句应对病人询问卧床的必要性。

只有D 是最好的应对。

A显得无礼；B与前文衔接差；C似乎漠不关心。

4．Speaker A: I’d like to check in, please. Speaker B: ______
A．Certainly. Do you have a reservation?
B．Sorry, I don’t see what you mean.
C．Sure, I can help you with the checking.
D．Thank you, we provide first class service here.
正确答案：A
解析：由A方的话“我想登记住宿”可知，B方应为旅馆接待人员，合乎这一职业的说法应是A项“当然可以。

您预订了吗?”
5．Speaker A：______Speaker B：I’m running a temperature，and feel sick．A．What can I do for you?
B．What seems to be the trouble?
C．What are you doing these days?
D．How long has this been going on?
正确答案：B
解析：Speaker A：_______。

Speaker。

B：我正发烧，并且感到有些恶心。

从对话中可以看出，此对话很可能发生在医生和患者之间。

甲在询问乙的症状，因此，选项B(What seems to be the trouble?什么地方不舒服?)最符合题意。

Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
6．Woman: Can you tell me when I can leave here, doctor? I have some important business to attend to. Man: That depends on how your condition reacts to our treatment. You may leave as soon as the bleeding stops. I think that will take a couple of days. Question: What does the doctor mean?
A．The patient must receive treatment regularly.
B．The patient can’t leave the hospital until the bleeding stops.
C．The patient’s husband can attend to the business in her place.
D．The patient must take a good rest and forget about her business.
正确答案：B
解析：男方告诉女方只要不再出血，她就可以出院。

这与B项的内容一样。

7．Woman: Hi, Michael. I can hardly recognize you. Why are you dressed up today? Are you going to the theatre?Man: No. Actually, I just had an interview at a
photo studio this morning.Question: What do we learn about Michael from this conversation?
A．He’s going to visit a photo studio.
B．He’s just had his picture taken.
C．He’s on the way to the theatre.
D．He’s just returned from a job interview.
正确答案：D
解析：女方问男方为何盛装打扮，男方回答说他刚刚在摄影工作室参加了一个面试。

由此可以推断，他刚刚面试后回来。

D的内容与这一致，是正确答案。

8．Man: I think I may need glasses, but I’m not entirely sure. Woman: I’ll be able to tell once you’ve looked at this vision chart. Question: What’s is the woman’s profession?
A．A student.
B．A doctor.
C．An optometrist.
D．A teacher.
正确答案：C
解析：对话中表明女士是一个验光师。

9．Man: Do you want to turn on the air-conditioner or open the windows? Woman: I love fresh air if you don’t mind. Question: What can be inferred from the woman’s answer?
A．She’d like to have the windows open.
B．She likes to have the air conditioner on.
C．The air is heavily polluted.
D．The windows are already open.
正确答案：A
解析：男方问女方想开空调还是开窗，女方的回答是：“如果你不介意，我喜欢新鲜空气。

”由此可以推断，女方喜欢开着窗，这就是A的内容。

10．Woman: Hi, Michael. I can hardly recognize you. Why are you dressed up today? Are you going to the theatre? Man: No. Actually, I just had an interview at a photo studio this morning. Question: What do we learn about Michael from this conversation?
A．He’s going to visit a photo studio.
B．He’s just had his picture taken.
C．He’s on the way to the theatre.
D．He’s just returned from a job interview.
正确答案：D
解析：女方问男方为何盛装打扮，男方回答说他刚刚在摄影工作室参加了一个面试。

由此可以推断，他刚刚面试后回来。

D的内容与这一致，是正确答案。

Part II V ocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
11．The set of answers which everyone was given______carefully checked by the supervisor.
A．was
B．are
C．is
D．were
正确答案：A
解析：本题综合考查动词的时态和主谓一致。

主语是the set of answers，因此谓语应该用单数；从句中的一般过去时提示主句也应该用一般过去时。

题意为，主管认真检查了每个人的答案。

知识模块：语法
12．Investigations______ the origins of life on the earth have shown that, given earth-like conditions, the formation of life is almost inevitable.
A．of
B．into
C．about
D．for
正确答案：B
解析：investigation into”对……进行调查”。

make investigation of；inyestigation 不接about和for。

此句可译为：地球上生命起源的研究证明，只要具有类似地球的条件，生命的形成就几乎是必然的。

知识模块：语法
13．As always, the downtown area was the busiest with people______in theatres, restaurants and department stores.
A．crowded
B．crowd
C．being crowded
D．crowding
正确答案：D
解析：本题考查非谓语动词，现在分词表示主动进行，过去分词表示被动完成，所以本句用现在分词。

题意为，通常的情况是，市中心地区很繁忙，人们聚集在剧院、饭店和百货商店。

知识模块：语法
14．There is frequently a great interval between knowing how to solve a problem and______the resources to solve it.
A．how to get
B．to get
C．get
D．getting
正确答案：D
解析：between…and…在结构上要求对应平行。

该句中应是between knowing…andgetting…。

how to solve是know的宾语。

知识模块：语法
15．The system was redesigned to embrace the network and eventually______it in a profitable direction.
A．adapt
B．control
C．install
D．steer
正确答案：D
解析：此题测试考生对词汇的认知和理解能力。

steer“驾驶，掌舵”，steer in…direction经常在一起使用，意思是“使朝……方向发展”；adapt“使适应”；control “控制”；install“安装”，这三个词都不能与direction构成语义上的动宾搭配。

题句意：“这个系统重新设计，目的是将网络包括进来并最终使其朝获利方向发展。

”知识模块：词汇
16．Before sitting for the entrance examination for post graduate students, many candidates try to familiarize themselves with the formula of the exam by doing______tests.
A．imitated
B．simulated
C．stimulated
D．exemplary
正确答案：B
解析：simulated test“模拟考试”；imitate意思是copy one’s behavior“模仿；仿效”；stimulate“激发，刺激”；exemplary“作为模范的”。

17．_____I phoned the police, then I made a list of what had been stolen, and then I made myself a cup of tea.
A．At first
B．First
C．In the first place
D．At the start
正确答案：B
解析：first，副词“首先”，即：before some other time，经常与then连用；at first意为at the be ginning“一开始，起先”，常与later连用；in the first place “首先，第一点”，常与in the see ond place连用；at the start“起初，开始”。

句意为：“我首先给警察打了个电话，然后把丢失的东西列了个单子，接着给自己沏了杯茶。

”试比较：I put on my shoes first and then my scarf and gloves．我先穿上鞋再戴上围巾、手套。

He changed so much that I couldn’t recognize him at first．他变化太大了，我开始都没认出来。

Will you in the first place tell me how you are?你首先告诉我你身体如何，好吗?The idea was wrong at the start．这个想法一开始就错了。

18．The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience______on benches, chairs or boxes.
A．having seated
B．seated
C．seating
D．having been seated
正确答案：B
解析：seat这一动词的用法是seat oneself，所以audience were seated on benches…，此处表示一种状态，用过去分词即可。

19．The salesman’s ______ annoyed the old lady, but finally she gave in.
A．endurance
B．assistance
C．persistence
D．resistance
正确答案：C
解析：endurance“耐久力，忍耐力”，此词在语气上一般没有表示批判的，如：He showed remarkable powers of endurance．他显示了非凡的忍耐力，所以与题句中的annoyed the old lady不相符；assistance“帮助”，与题意也不符；persistence “坚持；固执”，该词可含有贬义的意思，指烦人地或固执地继续坚持，所以此词与题意最相符；resistance“抵抗；反抗；抵抗力”。

20．Stamp collection has long been recognized as having an educational value. There is every reason to encourage young people to take an interest in them, thereby ______ to their knowledge of geography and history.
A．to add
B．adding
C．added
D．adds
正确答案：B
解析：thereby“因此”，接分词短语表示结果。

thus, hence, therefore都有同样的接续用法。

21．Nowadays it is not uncommon for a big, strong schoolboy to elbow an elderly woman aside in the dash for the last remaining seat on the bus or tube,______stand up and offer his seat to her.
A．much less
B．not to mention
C．not to say
D．rather than
正确答案：A
解析：much less在此处的意思是“更不用说”，用于否定(或带有否定意义的)句后，继前面的否定对相关的某另一件事或情况做更强有力的否定。

如此句：“一个高大强壮的学生用胳膊肘将年迈的妇女推开，冲抢地铁或公共汽车上最后一个空位，这种情况当今并不少见，更不用说站起来让座了。

”not to mention虽有同义，但结构上要求接名词或名词短语，not to say与not to mention形式相似而意义全然不同，其意为：“虽不能说”，如：He is very frugal，not to say stingy．虽不能说吝啬，但他也非常节俭。

rather than“而不是”，在意义上虽然讲得通，但在结构上此句要求用不定式，与to elbow一致。

still less可与much less交替使用。

22．The ______ temperature of a human body, no matter in what part of the world he lives, is about 8℃.
A．common
B．average
C．regular
D．normal
正确答案：D
解析：normal“正常的，标准的”；common“常见的，普通的”；average“一般的，平均的”；regular“正规的”。

试比较：normal temperature“正常体温”；normal working hours“正常的工作时间”；normal phenomena“正常现象”；above (below) normal“标准之上(之下)”。

common people (sense, saying, mistakes)“老百姓(常识、俗语、常见的错误)”。

average man“普通人”(指智力、能力、地位一般的人)；articles of average quality“大路货”；average rainfall for July“7月平均降雨量”；above(below)average“一般水平以上(以下)”；regular students(work, war)“正式学员(固定工作、正规战争)”。

23．The Minister of Finance is believed of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.
A．that he is to think
B．to think
C．that he is thinking
D．to be thinking
正确答案：D
解析：本题考查的是非谓语动词中动词不定式做补语的用法。

句子的意思是：人们认为财政部长正在考虑通过征收新税来增加政府的额外收入。

用动词不定式的现在进行时：to be doing，意为“正在考虑”。

当句子的主语是it时，才会用It is believed that…的形式，所以A、C项可以排除，故正确答案是D选项。

24．He wanted to read more, so he asked his friend if there was______to read.
A．something easy enough
B．something enough easy
C．enough easy something
D．easy enough something
正确答案：A
解析：题干：他想再看点什么，所以，他问他的朋友有没有什么简单点的东西看看。

不定代词有形容词修饰的时候要放在其后面，副词enough修饰形容词时要置于形容词之后。

故选A。

25．Many important officers were ______ in that case.
A．included
B．involved
C．contained
D．revolved
正确答案：B
解析：involve意为“牵涉，卷入”(sb. is involved in sth. )；include意为“包括”；contain意为“包含”；revolve意为“旋转”。

26．I should be the______man to think highly of those who wake up to persons of influence.
A．right
B．very
C．last
D．same
正确答案：C
解析：the last man to do sth．不是“最后一个做……的人”，而是“最不愿意做……的人”，根据文意应选C。

27．The______of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the information media.
A．inaccessibility
B．isolation
C．penetration
D．negligence
正确答案：B
解析：isolation“隔离”；inaccessibility(to)“不能到达”；penetration“渗透”；negligence“忽视”。

28．We felt ______ to death because we could make nothing of the lecturer’s speech.
A．exposed
B．tired
C．exhausted
D．bored
正确答案：D
解析：该题测试考生对全句的理解，要求考生根据句子的意义选择词义。

从搭配上看，句中空白出现在to death短语前，而to death表示“极度”，B、C、D 都可能成立．但后半句提到“我们听不懂讲演者的演说”，tired意为“疲惫的”，exhausted．意为“极其疲倦的”，词义虽然接近，但有出入，而A项“暴露”词义相去更远，只有D项“无趣的”贴切，所以D是正确答案。

29．Retail sales volume in local urban and rural areas rose 57．8％and 46．8％______lastyear．
A．individually
B．respectively
C．correspondingly
D．accordingly
正确答案：B
解析：去年在当地城市和农村地区的零售商品韵销售额分别上涨了57．8％和46．8％。

根据句意，是表示“……在城市和农村地区分别为……和……”，故应选respec tively分别地，各自地。

individually个别地；correspondin出相对应地；accordingly因此，从而。

30．Far too many owners of electric appliances have a hard time ______ qualified repairmen to fix their machines.
A．finding
B．to find
C．to finding
D．having found
正确答案：A
解析：本题考查“have a hard time(in)doing…”这一句型，表示“做某事感到困难”。

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Mankind’s fascination with gold is as old as civilization itself. The ancient Egyptians es-teemed gold, which had religious significance to them, and King Tutankhamun was buried in a solid-gold coffin 3 300 years ago. The wandering Israelites worshipped a golden calf, and the legendary King Midas asked that everything he touched be turned into gold. Not only is gold beautiful, but it is virtually indestructible. It will not rust or corrode (受腐蚀，侵蚀); gold coins and products fabricated from the metal have survived undamaged for centuries. Gold is extremely easy to work with; one ounce, which is about the size of a cube of sugar, can be beaten into a sheet nearly 100 square feet in size, and becomes so thin that light passes through it. An ounce of gold can also be stretched into a wire 50 miles long. Gold conducts electricity better than any other substance except copper and silver, and it is particularly important in the modern electronics industry. People have always longed to possess gold. Unfortunately, this longing has also brought out the worst in the human character. The Spanish conquistadors (征服者) robbed palaces, temples, and graves, and killed thousands of Indians in their ruthless search for gold. Often the only rule in young California during the days of the gold rush was exercised by the mob (暴民, 乌合之众) with a rope. Even today, the economic running of South Africa’s gold mines depends largely on the employment of black laborers who are paid about 40 pounds a month, plus room and board, and who must work in conditions that can only be described as cruel. About 400 miners are killed in mine accidents in South Africa each year, or one for every two tons of gold produced. Much of gold’s value lies in its scarcity. Only about 80 000 tons have been mined in the history of the world. All of it could be stored in a vault (地窖, 底下贮藏室) 60 feet square, or a supertanker. Great Britain was the first country to adopt the gold standard, when the Master of the Mint, Sir Isaac Newton, established a fixed price for gold in 1717. But until the big discoveries of gold in the last half of the nineteenth century—starting in California in 1848 and later in Australia and South Africa—there simply wasn’t enough gold around for all the trading nations to link their currencies to the precious metal.
31．The main idea of the first paragraph is that______.
A．human beings began to love gold with the emergence of civilization
B．the ancient Egyptians valued gold for its religious importance
C．King Midas was a person who could turn everything into gold
D．King Tutankhamnn buried a solid-gold coffin 33 centuries ago
正确答案：A
解析：本题问第一段的段落大意是什么。

文章第一段指出，人类对黄金的迷恋就像文明本身一样古老。

古埃及人敬重黄金，因为黄金对他们具有重大的宗教意义。

3 300年前，国王图坦卡蒙是用赤金棺埋葬的。

游牧的古代以色列人崇拜金牛犊。

神话中的迈达斯国王祈求能点物成金。

作者举这些例子是为了证明人类热爱黄金自文明之初就开始了。

因此，本题的正确答案应是A。

知识模块：阅读
32．Gold is highly valued because of its______.
A．beauty
B．rarity
C．size
D．both A and B
正确答案：D
解析：本题是一道具体细节题。

问为什么黄金价值不菲。

根据文章第二段，黄金不仅美丽，而且事实上还不易被毁坏。

文章第四段也指出，黄金的价值主要在于它的稀有。

有史以来世界上人们挖掘出来的黄金大约仅有80 000吨。

所有这些黄金在一个60平方英尺的保管库或超级油轮里就可以储藏。

因此，本题的正确答案应是D“由于它的美丽和稀有”。

知识模块：阅读
33．Even at present, in South Africa______.
A．the black laborers are killed for mining gold
B．the black laborers have got rid of the control of white rulers
C．the black laborers who mine gold are still exploited cruelly
D．the life of the black laborers is highly improved
正确答案：C
解析：本题是一道具体细节题。

问即使在现代社会，在南非仍然怎样。

利用查阅式阅读法，我们可以在文章第三段中找到相关信息。

这段指出，即使在今天，南非金矿的开采主要是靠雇用黑人劳动力，他们必须在非常残酷的条件下工作，但获得的报酬只是每月40英镑加上吃住。

因此可以推断出南非今日的采金黑人劳动力仍然受到残酷的剥削。

所以，本题的正确答案应是C。

知识模块：阅读
34．In young California during the days of the gold rush______.
A．people usually used a rope as a weapon
B．it was very common to hang people with a rope
C．gold-mining areas were measured by miners with a rope
D．laborers were often whipped with a rope as a punishment
正确答案：B
解析：本题是一道具体细节题。

问在加利福尼亚早期淘金热时代如何。

根据文章第三段，人们总是渴望占有黄金。

不幸的是，这种渴望也显露出人类品性中最恶劣的东西。

西班牙征服者抢劫了许多宫殿、寺庙和坟墓，为了获取黄金，他们屠杀了成千上万的印第安人。

在淘金热的年代里，年轻的加利福尼亚州的唯一
的法规是由一群乌合之众用一条绳子来执行的。

因此，我们可以推断出本题的正确答案应是B“人们通常用绳子把人吊起来作为惩罚”。

知识模块：阅读
35．Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．As far as conductivity of electricity is concerned, gold is placed third.
B．People usually think highly of gold because of its scarcity.
C．The author thinks that gold is the source of all evils.
D．All the trading nations began to adopt the gold standard during 1850 and 1899.
正确答案：C
解析：本题是一道判断是非题。

问下面哪个选项文章中没有提到。

作者提到人们对占有黄金的渴望暴露出的品性中的劣根性，但并没有说黄金是一切罪恶之源。

因此，本题的正确答案应是C。

A“就导电性来说，黄金排行第三”。

文章第二段指出，除了铜和银以外，黄金比任何其他物质的导电性能都好。

B“人们通常非常重视黄金因为它非常稀有”。

参见题解2。

D“所有的贸易国在19世纪50年代至19世纪末开始采用金本位制”。

文章第五段指出，1717年，当造币厂的老板艾萨克·牛顿爵士制定了固定的黄金价格时，英国成了第一个采用金本位制的国家。

但直到19世纪下半叶，发现大量黄金后，所有的贸易国才有了足够的黄金将其货币与这种贵重金属联系起来，即也开始采用金本位制。

知识模块：阅读
One of Microsoft’s cool people is Patrick Blackburn. As a test manager for the Product Group, Blackburn’s job may sound routine; however, he says it’s anything but that. “Most people think of software testing as a mundane task of punching the keyboard like a monkey, trying to break the program,” Blackburn says. “Part of that is true, but we write software programs called Monkeys to do that for us so that we don’t have to hire real monkeys. Real monkeys are too difficult to manage and don’t usually pass the personal hygiene criteria!”In reality, Blackburn says, testing responsibilities are very technically challenging and often include complete development cycles of their own. He spends most of his time coming up with creative incentives to convince his team to believe in schedules for products that don’t yet exist, hiring great people to build strong teams, and pounding on the products to find bugs before the customer sees them. According to Blackburn, the most critical thing you can do to succeed at Microsoft is to focus on what you believe is important. “It’s easy to get overwhelmed with everything going on around you, so first and foremost you need to stay focused,”he says. “What you focus on needs to be something you firmly believe in so that you’ll pursue it and defend your mission with a passion. “He also thinks that one of the biggest differences between his co-workers at Microsoft and those at his former workplace is the sense of ownership and the impact on the business that everyone shares. “We hire people who tend to become personally attached to the products and the success of the company, and the environment really perpetuates this,” Blackburn says. “It’s much easier to motivate a team at Microsoft than any other company I’ve been in. “One of the most
difficult parts of Blackburn’s job is staying ahead of the people who report to him. “Because there are so many smart people and technology is changing so quickly, it is a constant challenge to keep up,”he says. “I hope that’s because I hire such great people!”To succeed, Blackburn uses time management tactics and allocates a specific amount of time to education. “My personal goal is to spend at least 20 percent of my time learning new things through formal and informal methods. “36．Patrick Blackburn thinks software testing is______.
A．a routine and mundane job
B．technically challenging
C．like a monkey punching keyboard
D．partly done by monkeys
正确答案：B
解析：细节题。

文章开头两段讲，Blackburn的工作看起来是例行常规似的工作，也有很多人认为该工作平凡无趣，但Blackburn本人认为绝非这样(anything but that)，而是在技术上具有挑战性的。

故B是正确答案。

37．As a test manager, Blackburn’s work involves______.
A．managing real monkeys to do the testing
B．designing test papers used to test prospective employees
C．finding faults with the products before they go to market
D．convincing his team of the interesting aspects of their job
正确答案：C
解析：细节题。

根据第二段，Blackburn是软件测试部经理，主要负责产品在投入市场之前的检查测试工作。

所以正确答案是C。

38．According to Patrick Blackburn, what it takes to succeed at Microsoft is______.
A．focusing on something that you firmly believe in
B．getting overwhelmed with everything going on around you
C．coming up with creative incentives to convince other people
D．cooperating with great people in a strong team
正确答案：A
解析：细节题。

在第三段中，根据Blackburn，要在Microsoft取得成功最重要的(the most，critical thing；first and foremost)是集中做一件你自己认为是重要的事情，即你自己深信的事情(to focus on what you believe is important／you firmly believe in；to stay focused)。

故A是正确答案。

39．Why is it easier to motivate a team at Microsoft than any other company, according to Patrick Blackburn?
A．Because Microsoft offers higher salaries and more generous benefits than do other companies.
B．Because Microsoft employs people who tend to be more motivated and ambitious.
C．Because Microsoft provides equal opportunity to all employees.
D．Because Microsoft creates an environment in which everyone has a sense of ownership and can have an impact.
正确答案：D
解析：细节题。

根据第四段，Blackburn认为Microsoft的同事与其他公司的人员最大的不同是Microsoft的每一个人都有主人翁感，并能对公司的业务产生影响，而且他们倾向于把公司的产品和成功与个人联系起来，因此，他们更容易被调动起来。

所以D符合此意，是正确答案。

40．Blackburn keeps on learning new things mainly because______.
A．he has to keep up with new technology in order to lead his people better
B．he has to receive further education in order to get promotion to a higher position
C．he has to know more than other smart managers in order to make better reports
D．he has to learn time management tactics in order to transfer to management department
正确答案：A
解析：细节题。

根据最后两段，Blackburn感到最难的事是永远领先于他的员工，跟上快速变化的技术的步伐，因此他花很多时间去学习新知识。

所以正确答案是A。

Immigrants are consumers as well as producers, so they create jobs as well as taking them. And the work they do need not be at the expense of native workers. Immigrants often hold jobs that natives are unwilling to accept at any feasible wage. Also, immigrants sometimes help to keep industries viable (能存活的) that would otherwise disappear altogether, causing employment to fall. This was the conclusion of a study of the Los Angeles garment industry in the 1970s and 1980s. And when immigrants working for low wages do put downward pressure on natives’ wages, they may raise the (real) wages of natives in general by keeping prices lower than they otherwise would be. In theory, then, the net effect of immigration on native wages is uncertain. Unfortunately, most of the empirical (经验主义的) research on whether immigrants make natives worse off in practice is also inconclusive except the effect, one way or the other, seems small. Most of this research has been done in America: if there were any marked influence on wages, that is where you would expect to find it, given the scale of immigration and the tendency of the newcomers to concentrate in certain areas. But most studies have compared wages and employment in areas with many immigrants to wages and employment in areas with few. For instance, one
examined the impact of sudden and notorious inflow of refugees to Miami from the Cuban port of Mariel in 1980. Within the space of a few months, 125 000 people had arrived, increasing Miami’s labor force by 7%. Yet the study concluded that wages and employment among the city’s natives, including the unskilled, were virtually unaffected. Another study examined the effect of immigration on wages and employment of those at the bottom of the jobs ladder—unskilled blacks and Hispanics. It found that a doubling of the rate of immigration had no detectable effect on natives. The most recent work, admittedly, has tended to question these findings. Using more detailed statistics and more sophisticated methods than the earlier studies, this work has tended to find that immigrants’wages take longer to rise to the level of the natives’wages than has been supposed. This implies a more persistent downward pressure on the host economy’s labor market. Typically these studies find that immigration does depress unskilled natives’wages to a small extent. But nearly all economists would agree that the effects of immigration are insignificant in relation to other influences.
41．According to the passage, immigration will not threaten natives’ benefits because______.
A．they only take jobs created by immigrants
B．they often hold jobs that natives don’t accept
C．they do not put downward pressure on natives’ wages
D．they are unemployed most of the time
正确答案：B
解析：细节题。

根据第一段最后一句，移民通常接受本国工人以任何工资都不愿意干的工作。

因此B是正确答案。

42．According to the Los Angeles study, immigrants______.
A．sometimes help to maintain the existence of some industries
B．sometimes cause employment to fall
C．may lower the wages of natives in general
D．may help promote inflation
正确答案：A
解析：细节题。

根据文章第二段，洛杉矶的调查结论是移民有时会有助于维持某些产业的存在，否则这些产业会消失，导致就业下降。

又说，由于移民使得价格总体上降低，可能会提高本国工人的实际工资，因此不会导致通货膨胀。

所以只有A符合。

43．It is certain, according to empirical research, that______.
A．immigration has a positive effect on native wages
B．immigration makes unskilled blacks and Hispanics worse off
C．immigration has only a small effect on native wages
D．immigration has a marked influence on natives in areas with dense immigrant population
正确答案：C
解析：细节题。

第三段开头讲，大多数关于移民是否会导致本国工资降低的经验主义研究都没有明确结论，除了有一点之外是明确的，那就是：移民对本国工资的影响是很小的。

所以C是正确的。

44．According to the most recent study,______.
A．immigration only depresses unskilled natives’ wages to a large extent
B．immigration puts a longer downward pressure on the natives’ wages
C．immigrants’ wages can rise to the level of natives’ very quickly
D．immigrants tend to be in unemployment for a long time
正确答案：B
解析：细节题。

根据第四段，最近的一项研究发现移民的工资需要比预计的时间更长的时间才能升至本国工人的工资水平，这意味着他们对东道国的劳动力市场产生更为持久的下压力。

所以B是正确的。

45．The passage is intended to convey that the effect of immigration on natives’wages is______.
A．uncertain
B．persistent
C．inconclusive
D．insignificant
正确答案：D
解析：综合理解题。

文章主要探讨移民是否会影响本国工人的工资，作者引用调查研究的结果、举例等，目的就是在于说明移民对本国工人的工资的影响相对于其他因素的影响是很小的。

所以D是正确答案。

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