教育最新K122019高考英语一轮达标 Unit 5 Nelson Mandel-a modern hero练题(含解析)新人教版必修1

Nelson Mandel-a modern hero
李仕才
一、阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

In our everyday lives we meet situations in which we take many things for granted.We only treasure things when they are gone.This is a sad truth of human nature.One day，I found myself as a witness to a similar situation.
One evening，I left work and boarded the train.After entering，I noticed something unusual.The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded with people standing.I didn't pay much attention and sat down on one of the empty seats.I sensed a funny smell.It wasn't long before I noticed a homeless person sleeping on three seats in front of me.He was bleeding from his nose.Why wasn't anyone helping him?
His clothes were torn and he was giving off a strange smell.Along with the smell，his eyes were dull，watery，and red.Occasionally he scratched himself and people looked at him as if he had committed a crime.As the train stopped at stations and more people came in they covered their noses and faced away from him.All the seats around him were empty.
Suddenly，he began to swear at the people around him.A plain­clothes police officer who looked like a construction worker took out his certificate and showed it to the homeless man.The officer，not wanting to touch the homeless man，told him his rights and directed him to exit the train.As the officer walked the man out of the train，the homeless man turned around and said“MY HOME！”and started crying.
A man doesn't value things until they are gone.If he didn't have a home，at least he had freedom.Now he has neither.No one wants to help someone who won't help himself.
1．When entering the car，how did the author feel at first?
A．Annoyed. B．Puzzled.
C．Sad. D．Calm.
2．How did people react to the homeless man?
A．They caught him and called the police.
B．They covered him with clean clothes.
C．They disliked and avoided him.
D．They stared at him curiously.
3．It can be learned that the policeman ________.
A．was very rude to the man
B．sent the man back to his hometown
C．forced the man to leave the city
D．went off the train with the man
4．What does the author think of the homeless man?
A．He is a loser of life.
B．He is worth our respect.
C．He is very funny.
D．He is a fearless fighter.
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

乘坐火车时，“我”发现了一个流浪汉，他衣衫褴褛，身上散发异味，乘客们避而远之。

突然，他开始咒骂他周围的乘客。

后来流浪汉被便衣警察带走，他不仅没有家，这一次还失去了自由。

1．B 考查推理判断。

根据第二段第三句“The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded with people standing”可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；据此可以判断，“我”感到很困惑，故B项正确。

2．C 考查推理判断。

根据第三段第三句“Occasionally he scratch ed himself and people looked at him as if he had committed a crime”可知，流浪汉偶尔抓挠自己，人们看着他，好像他曾经犯罪了一样；根据第二段第三句“The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded with people standing”可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；据此可以判断，人们不喜欢他，避免和他接触，故C项正确。

3．D 考查细节理解。

根据第四段最后一句中的“As the officer walked the man out of the train”可知，警官最后带着这个流浪汉走下了火车，故D项正确。

4．A 考查推理判断。

根据最后一段第二、第三句“If he didn't have a home，at least he had freedom.Now he has neither”可知，如果他没有家，至少他还有自由，如今他两个都没有了。

据此可以判断，他是一个生活的失败者，故A项正确。

二、单句语法填空
1．Now their peace talks have reached a key stage ________ one side must give in to the other.
答案：where 当先行词是case, position, stage等抽象名词，且在从句中作状语，表示地点时，定语从句使用关系副词where来引导。

2．From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and ________ (devote)．
答案：devotion 由teamwork and可知，此处填名词devotion “奉献；忠诚”，作
宾语。

3．When an animal is ________ attack it can run away or fight back.
答案：under under attack “受到攻击”。

4．She started singing to the baby and ________ (reward) with a smile.
答案：was rewarded reward sb. with a smile “对某人报以微笑”，根据句意可知，此处应为被动语态。

5．Although he made a serious mistake in his work, he was lucky to escape ________ (fire) by his boss.
答案：being fired escape being fired “免于被解雇”。

6．I have some trouble ________ (read) the letter, because his handwriting is very bad.
答案：(in) reading have trouble (in) doing sth. “做某事有困难”。

7．In some places there are many laws against ________ (cruel) to animals but few to protect children.
答案：cruelty 空前against是介词，因此本空填名词cruelty “残忍；残酷”。

8．Your teacher can give you ________ (guide) on choosing a career and writing a job application.
答案：guidance give sb. guidance on ... “给某人关于……的指导或建议”，故此处填名词guidance “指导”。

9．________ (educate) usually refers to teaching people various subjects, usually at a school or college.
答案：Education 此处应用名词educ ation “教育”作主语。

10．The young man was sentenced to ________ (die) for killing a middle school student.
答案：death be sentenced to death “被判死刑”。

三、完形填空。

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。

(2018·太原市高三年级模拟试题)
I was a shy kid.Nothing seemed harder than talking to people.I didn't even like to answer the phone for fear that I'd have to talk to somebody I didn't know.
__1__ ，at school I had to spend all day in the company of others.My __2__ was studying.It was something I could do __3__ and by myself.I spent a lot of time studying and was __4__ with good grades.
Eventually I went to college.I came to realize that some people were rather fun to __5__ with.Yet my childhood __6__ carried over and I found myself tongue­tied and __7__ whenever I found myself in a conversation.
One day while on campus，I __8__ an advertisement for a position on the local classical music __9__ station.I had grown up listening to classical music，and I loved it.
In order to get the job，applicants needed to be interviewed.I had absolutely no background in radio，and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners __10__ me.I didn't really want the job.I just wanted to prove that I could talk to a(n) __11__.
Two weeks __12__ ，I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job.
It was a __13__ job，but I grew to enjoy it.I announced music to thousands of __14__ in the city，sometimes answering their calls and __15__ to their requests.I began to feel comfortable talking to these people，these strangers who I couldn't even __16__.
Although I now spend much time talking with people，I'm still basically a __17__ person.My former shyness is a gift，as I can __18__ people who feel discomfort when they talk to strangers.I still enjoy moments of being __19__.But I'm also glad I decided to make a __20__ in my life that had opened many doors and opportunities that I never knew existed.
1．A.However B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．Besides
2．A.advice B．practice
C．task D．escape
3．A.obviously B．simply
C．quietly D．poorly
4．A.filled B．rewarded
C．decorated D．faced
5．A.help out B．catch up
C．put up D．hang out
6．A.happiness B．shyness
C．kindness D．goodness
7．A.excited B．astonished
C．embarrassed D．interested
8．A.noticed B．posted
C．realized D．believed
9．A.fire B．gas
C．TV D．radio
10．A.terrified B．pleased
C．satisfied D．amazed
11．A.child B．singer
C．interviewer D．applicant
12．A.ago B．later
C．before D．since
13．A.well­paid B．puzzling
C．comfortable D．challenging
14．A.listeners B．followers
C．viewers D．dancers
15．A.referring B．responding
C．offering D．comparing
16．A.feel B．move
C．hear D．see
17．A.busy B．warm
C．quiet D．smart
18．A.look into B．relate to
C．combine with D．worry with
19．A.alone B．alive
C．active D．awake
20．A.plan B．mistake
C．change D．dream
【解题导语】该文主要讲述了害羞的作者通过应聘电台工作而实现自我突破的故事。

1．A 根据上下文可知，此处表示逻辑上的转折关系。

然而，作者在学校里不得不和同学们相处。

2．D 根据上文的“I was a shy kid”可推知，害羞的作者在学校用学习来逃避与人交流。

3．C 与语境“by myself”呼应可推知，作者一个人安安静静地做功课。

4．B 与语境“with good grades”呼应可推知，作者在学习上的付出得到了丰厚的回
报，成绩突出。

5．D 由“Eventually”的提示可推知，作者最终意识到了和朋友相处是有趣的。

hang out“常去某处”。

6．B 根据上文的“I was a shy kid”并结合“I found myself tongue­tied”可推知，作者童年时代的害羞个性还存在。

7．C 根据“I found myself tongue­tied”可推知，和他人交流时沟通不顺畅是令人尴尬的。

8．A 根据语境可知，作者在校园里注意到了一则让他感兴趣的广告。

9．D 根据下文的“I had absolutely no background in radio”可推知，这是一则电台的招募广告。

10．A 根据“I had absolutely no background in radio”并结合下文的“I didn't really want the j ob”可推知，作者因自己没有广播方面的背景而打退堂鼓，与下文的“I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job”呼应。

11．C 作者害怕与成千上万的听众交流，只想证明自己能够和面试官交谈。

12．B 根据语境可推知，时间已经过去了两周。

13．D 根据上文可知，这项工作需要与成千上万的听众交流，这对作者来说有一定的挑战性，且与语境“but I grew to enjoy it”形成呼应。

14．A 与上文的“and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners __10__ me”呼应可推知，此处表示作者给听众播放音乐。

15．B 与语境“answering their calls”呼应可推知，作者回应听众的要求。

16．D 根据上文可知，作者应聘的是电台工作，和听众们基本上是不见面的。

17．C 根据“still”的提示并结合上文的“I was a shy kid”可推知，作者尽管现在花费很多时间和人们交流，但是本质上还是一个不多说话的人，与下文的“My form er shyness is a gift”呼应。

18．B 结合“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者能够理解那些和他相同的人。

relate to“理解，认同”。

19．A 根据上文的“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者仍旧喜欢独处。

20．C 根据语境可推知，作者通过做电台工作有了重大改变，从而人生有了更多的可能性。

四、单句改错
1．I hope, first of all, that we shall never lose our heart in face of failure.
________________________________________________________
答案：去掉our lose heart “失去信心”，为固定搭配。

2．She is very weak and not equal to make a long journey.
________________________________________________________
答案：make→making be equal to “胜任……”，其中to是介词。

3．Thousands of people turned to watch yesterday's match against Ireland.
________________________________________________________
答案：turned后加up turn up “出现；露面”。

4．The first time when I met him, he was working as a secretary in a big company.
________________________________________________________
答案：去掉when The first time在此处引导时间状语从句。

5．Only when we had studied the data again we realize that there was a mistake.
________________________________________________________
答案：we前加did “only＋状语从句”放句首，句子应用部分倒装结构。

五、短文改错
（2018高考选练）
When talking about sport, I always feel very exciting, because I like sport so much. I love playing tennis, but it is my favorite sport. One day that I came home after school, I turned on TV and watch a tennis match. At first, I was attracted by the two beautiful tennis player. When I watched the match for ten minutes I found it wonderful. From now on, I started to watch tennis matches. I have learned to play the tennis, and I often invite my friends play with me. My love to tennis are more than I could express. I am so luckily to have some friends who share the same interest with me.
答案:
1. 【解析】第一句exciting→excited。

考查形容词。

我感到兴奋用excited。

2. 【解析】第二句but→and。

考查连词。

此处表示顺承关系。

3. 【解析】第三句that→when/after。

考查时间状语从句。

4. 【解析】第三句watch→w atched。

考查时态。

整篇文章都是一般过去时。

此处和turned on并列。

5. 【解析】第四句player→players。

从前面的two可知用名词复数。

6. 【解析】第六句now→then。

因为前文都是在叙述过去的事, 所以不是从现在开始, 而是从那时开始。

7. 【解析】第七句去掉tennis前的the。

play tennis球类词前不用加定冠词the。

8. 【解析】第七句friends后加to。

考查固定搭配。

invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事。

所以可知这里缺少了to。

9. 【解析】第八句are→is。

考查谓语动词单复数。

这里的主语是love, 它是不可数名词,
不能用are, 故改成is。

10. 【解析】第九句luckily→lucky。

考查形容词。

这里需要一个形容词lucky表示我多么幸运, 不能用副词。