马术障碍赛规则与流程

马术障碍赛规则与流程
英文回答：
Equestrian show jumping, also known as horse show jumping or simply show jumping, is a competitive equestrian sport where horse and rider teams navigate a series of obstacles within a set time limit. The goal is to clear the obstacles cleanly and in the fastest time possible.
The rules and procedures of show jumping may vary
slightly depending on the specific competition or organization, but generally, the following guidelines apply:
1. Course Design: A course designer creates a course consisting of a series of jumps and obstacles. The course
is designed to test the horse's agility, speed, and the
rider's ability to navigate tight turns and combinations.
2. Scoring: Show jumping is scored on a penalty basis. Faults are given for various errors, such as knocking down
a rail, refusing a jump, or exceeding the time limit. The horse and rider with the fewest faults and fastest time are the winners.
3. Penalties: Knocking down a rail typically results in
4 faults, while a refusal or run-out at a jump leads to 4 faults as well. If a horse and rider exceed the time limit, they receive 1 time fault for every second over the limit. In some cases, certain jumps may carry higher penalties, such as water jumps or double combinations.
4. Rounds: Show jumping competitions consist of
multiple rounds. In the initial round, all competitors ride the same course. The top performers from the first round advance to subsequent rounds, which may include jump-offs or additional courses. The winner is determined based on the overall performance across all rounds.
5. Jump-Offs: In some cases, if there is a tie for
first place or a predetermined number of riders, a jump-off may be held. The jump-off is a shortened course that tests the speed and agility of the horse and rider. The winner of
the jump-off is the competitor who completes the course with the fewest faults and fastest time.
6. Safety: Safety is a top priority in show jumping. Riders are required to wear helmets and protective gear, and horses undergo regular veterinary checks to ensure their well-being. Course designers also take into consideration the safety of both horse and rider when designing the course.
Overall, show jumping combines skill, precision, and athleticism. It requires a strong partnership between the horse and rider, as they work together to navigate the course and overcome the obstacles.
中文回答：
马术障碍赛，又称马术障碍跳跃或简称障碍跳跃，是一项竞技性马术运动，马匹和骑手组成的团队在规定的时间内穿越一系列障碍物。

其目标是以最快的时间清除障碍物。

马术障碍赛的规则和程序可能因具体比赛或组织而有所不同，
但通常适用以下准则：
1. 赛道设计，赛道设计师创建一系列跳跃和障碍物的赛道。

赛
道旨在测试马匹的敏捷性、速度和骑手在狭窄转弯和组合中的导航
能力。

2. 计分，马术障碍赛以罚分制计分。

各种错误都会被罚分，例
如撞倒栏杆、拒绝跳跃或超过时间限制。

罚分最少且时间最快的马
匹和骑手获胜。

3. 罚分，撞倒栏杆通常会导致4个罚分，而拒绝或冲出跳跃也
会导致4个罚分。

如果马匹和骑手超过时间限制，每超过一秒钟将
获得1个时间罚分。

在某些情况下，某些跳跃可能会带来更高的罚分，例如水障碍或双重组合。

4. 轮次，马术障碍赛由多个轮次组成。

在初赛中，所有参赛者
都要完成相同的赛道。

第一轮表现最好的选手晋级到后续轮次，这
可能包括跳跃决胜赛或额外的赛道。

根据所有轮次的整体表现来决
定胜者。

5. 跳跃决胜赛，在某些情况下，如果第一名产生平局或达到预
定的骑手人数，将进行跳跃决胜赛。

跳跃决胜赛是一个缩短的赛道，
测试马匹和骑手的速度和敏捷性。

跳跃决胜赛的胜者是完成赛道罚分最少且时间最快的选手。

6. 安全性，安全是马术障碍赛的首要任务。

骑手需要佩戴头盔和防护装备，马匹需要定期接受兽医检查以确保其健康。

赛道设计师在设计赛道时也会考虑到马匹和骑手的安全性。

总体而言，马术障碍赛结合了技巧、精确性和身体素质。

它需要马匹和骑手之间的紧密合作，他们共同努力穿越赛道并克服障碍物。