2020届中考英语 完形填空与阅读理解复习练习 Unit 17

Unit17
前事不忘，后事之师。

《战国策·赵策》
圣哲学校蔡雨欣
Passage A
话题：环境污染词数：164 参考用时：7分钟There are many kinds of pollution around us, 1 air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light pollution. They are bad __2__ our health in many ways.
Burning gas, oil and coal creates air pollution. It can cause sore eyes and __3_ problems.
With the increase of pollution and the development of industry, litter is everywhere. It makes our environment dirty. People put lots of rubbish in the land. Farmers use too many __4___ in the fields. They destroy the soil. So soil pollution has become serious.
Noise pollution can make people__5__. For example, people may lose their hearing if they work in a _6_ place for a long time. Too much noise can cause high blood pressure __7__.
Working for a long time in strong, changeable light __8__ cause some kinds of illnesses. It makes people feel __9__ and is especially bad for the eyes.
Wit ___10__ pollution, our planet will become greener and our health will be better. Let’s be greener people.
1. A. such as B. for example C. as well
as D. because of
2. A. to B. in C. for D. of
3. A. breath B. breathe C. breathed D. breathing
4. A. chemical B. chemicals C.
chemist D. chemistry
5. A. blind B. lame C.
deaf D. healthy
6. A. noise B. noisy C. quiet D. quietly
7. A. as well B. too C.
also D. either8. A. must B. need C. should D. may
9. A. comfortable B. possibly C.
terrible D. terribly
10. A. little B. less C.
few D. fewer
读后自主学习
【答案速查】参见答案P
【自我评价】我做对了_____题，我很棒！我做错了____题，没关系，再努力！【答案还原】将正确答案填写到文中空格处。

【诵读全文】大声朗读文章3-4遍、整体感知全文，体悟作者意图。

【我来总结】完成下列学习任务，并加以背诵。

1. 短语互译
(1) kinds of _______________ (2) for example_______________
(3) 随着……的增长_______________ (4) 对……有害_______________
2. 佳句翻译
(1) It makes our environment dirty.
__________________________________________________________________ _____
(2) So soil pollution has become serious.
__________________________________________________________________ _____
(3) Too much noise can cause high blood pressure as well..
__________________________________________________________________ _____
(4) Let’s be greener people.
_____________________________________________________________________ __
Passage B
话题：旅游日志词数：207 参考用时：6分钟
Tony Wheeler was born to travel. His father worked for an airline. For the first 16 years of his life, Wheeler and his family lived in many different countries.
In the early 1970s, Tony met a young woman named Maureen. They soon married. Before getting jobs, Tony and Maureen wanted to travel. They took a year-long trip from England, through Asia, to Australia. On the trip, they visited places like Iran(伊朗 ) , India, and so on.
When Tony and Maureen arrived in Australia, people asked many questions about their trip. To answer these questions, Wheeler wrote a book called Across Asia on the Cheap. The book told people about different countries’weather, customs(风俗) ,and places to see. But unlike other travel books then, Tony Wheeler’s book also talked about places most tourists did not go. He also wrote about unusual things to see and do. The book was very popular.
Tony and Maureen started a company called Lonely Planet. They continued travelling. They wrote books for each place they visited. Today, 800 people work for Lonely Planet. The company has over 650 books. Tony Wheeler,
the great traveller, still writes about travels to many places and will bring us more surprises.
1. Tony Wheeler and his wife ended the year-long trip in_________.
A. England
B. Iran
C. India
D. Australia
2.Tony Wheeler wrote the book Across Asia on the Cheap to ____ .
A. make money for his next trip
B. tell people about his new company
C. draw people’s attention to his family
D. answer people’s questions about his trip
3. How was the book Across Asia on the Cheap different from other travel books then?
A.It was longer and more popular.
B.It was the first travel book in the world.
C.It talked about places most tourists did not go.
D.It talked about a country’s weather and customs.
4. Which of the following is TRUE about Tony Wheeler’s company?
A. His father started it.
B. It is an airline company.
C. Hundreds of people work for it.
D. It has no books about travelling.
5.The passage mainly talks about________.
A. a great traveller and his books
B. a tour of different countries
C. a great writer and his family
D. different kinds of companies
读后自主学习
【答案速查】参见答案P
【我来总结】完成下列学习任务，并加以背诵。

1. 短语互译
(1) and so on. _______________ (2) on the trip _______________
(3)谈论_______________ (4)告诉某人某事 _______________
2. 佳句翻译
(1) Tony Wheeler was born to travel..
__________________________________________________________________ _____
(2) They took a year-long trip from England, through Asia, to Australia.
__________________________________________________________________ _____
(3) The book was very popular.
__________________________________________________________________ _____
(4) Tony and Maureen started a company called Lonely Planet.
_____________________________________________________________________ __
Passage C
话题：旅游与风俗词数：386 参考用时：9分钟
This is an online discussion group where people can post(发布) comments about a topic.
Read the post from the travel forum(论坛).
Miami Posted,
3 days ago It’s a good idea to bring a small gift or something from your country. Don’t be surprised if your boss opens the gift right away. In the USA, people often open a gift when they receive it. In Korea, that is not p olite, but it’s common in the USA.
Sam,
Los Angeles Posted,
2 days ago Re: First trip to the USA
Americans use their hands to eat some kinds of food, such as pizza and fried chicken. Watch your American hosts, and do what they do.
Kathryn, New York Posted, 12 hours ago Re: First trip to the USA
In Korea and Japan, it’s the custom to remove your shoes before entering a house. In the United States, you usually don’t take your shoes off. Once I was travelling in Japan and entered a house with my shoes on by mistake. Oops!
Lee,[ Korea Posted,
2 hours ago Re: First trip to the USA
Many Americans are very informal（非正式的）at home. One time I went to an American business partner’s home for dinner, I was surprised that everyone stood and talked in the kitchen while the husband and wife were cooking dinner. Besides, unlike in Korea, everyone took part in the dinner table conversation, even the man’s wife and children.
Andrew, Washington Posted,
1 hour ago Re: First trip to the USA
I agree with Lee. You probably won’t speak about business during dinner, so my advice is to know some topics of conversation. For example, you can talk about travel, food, music, or sports. But you’d better not question about age.
1. Jun posted a question in the forum, because _______.
A. he got a new job
B. he would meet his boss
C. his boss invited him to his home for dinner
D. he wanted to know business behavior and manners in the USA
2. What’s the meaning of the underlined word“remove”?
A.开除
B.移开
C.脱下
D.去掉
3. If you are invited to an American friend’s home, it’s NOT polite to________.
A. bring a small gift from your country
B. open the gift right away
C. enter the house with your shoes on
D. ask a person’s age
4. If you go to your American boss’s home for dinner, you _______.
A. shouldn’t use your hand s to eat fried chicken
B. can’t stand and talk in the kitchen while the host is cooking
C. can’t talk with all the family members
D. probably won’t speak about business
5. We can know from the online discussion that ________.
A. different countries have different customs
B. Japanese have the similar customs with Americans
C. everyone may take part in the dinner table conversation in Korea
D. only people from Korea and America can answer Jun’s question 读后自主学习
【答案速查】参见答案P
【我来总结】完成下列学习任务，并加以背诵。

1. 短语互译
(1) be worried about _______________ (2) right away _______________ (3) 误会，弄错______________ (4) 脱掉_______________
2. 佳句翻译
(1) My boss invited me to his home for dinner.
__________________________________________________________________ _____
(2) Watch your American hosts, and do what they do.
__________________________________________________________________ _____
(3) I was surprised that everyone stood and talked in the kitchen while
the husband and wife were cooking dinner.
__________________________________________________________________ _____
(4) But you’d better not question about age.
_____________________________________________________________________ __
Unit17
Passage A
【答案详解】1-5 ACDBC 6-10 BADCB
1.A解析such as“例如”，用来列举出一系列的事物，对上面提到的内容进行举例说明。

for example也表示“例如”，其后需用逗号与句子隔开，对所提到的内容举一个事例来进行说明。

2.C解析be bad for是固定短语，意为“对……有害”。

3. D解析breath为名词，“气息，呼吸”；breathe为动词，“呼吸”；breathed 是 breathe 的过去式；breathing 为名词，意为“呼吸”，指连续呼吸的动作。

句意：空气污染能引起眼睛疼痛和呼吸问题。

故选D。

4.B 解析 too many “太多”，后接可数名词复数。

故选B。

5.C解析：由下句可知噪音污染能使人变聋。

deaf “聋的”，符合句意。

6.B解析：本段介绍噪音污染对人们的危害。

句意为“如果人们在一个CB吵闹的地方长时间工作，可能会失去听觉”。

noisy“吵闹的，嘈杂的”，符合句意。

7.A 解析as well，too，also和either都可以表示“也”。

as well用于肯定句的句末，其前没有逗号；too用于肯定句或疑问句的句末，其前一般有逗号；also用于肯定句的句中；either用于否定句的句末。

本句为肯定句，且空格前没有逗号，故选A。

8.D 解析 must “一定，必须”;need “需要”;should “应该”； may “可能，可以”。

由句意“长时间在强烈的、多变的灯光下工作可能会引起一些疾病”可知用may表示推测。

9.C解析由后面“尤其对眼睛有害”可知，强烈的、多变的灯光使人们感觉很不好，故terrible符合句意。

10.B解析pollution是不可数名词，不能用few和a few 修饰；由后句“我们的地球会变得更绿，我们会更健康”可知句子含有比较之意，故用little的比较级less来表示“更少的”。

读后自主学习
1. 短语互译
(1) 各种各样的 (2) 例如 (3) with the increase of (4) be bad for
2. 佳句翻译
(1)它使我们的环境更脏。

(2) 因此土壤污染已经变得很厉害。

(3) 太多的噪音也能引起高血压病。

（4）让我们做更环保的人。

Passage B
【答案详解】1-5 DDCCA
1．答案：D解析：由第二段第四句They took a year-long trip from England, through Asia, to Australia.可知，Tony Wheeler和他的妻子在澳大利亚结束了历时一年的旅行。

故选D项。

2．答案：D解析：由第三段的第一、二句When Tony and Maureen arrived in Australia, people ask many questions about their trip. To answer these questions, Wheeler wrote a book called Across Asia on the Cheap.可知，Tony Wheeler写《便宜走亚洲》这本书是为了回答人们关于他旅行的一些问题。

故选D项。

3．答案：C解析：由第三段的第四句But unlike other travel books then, Tony Wheeler’s book also talked about places most tourists did not go.可知，当时《便宜走亚洲》这本书与其他旅行书的不同之处是：它谈到了大多数游客没有去过的地方。

故选C项。

4．答案：C解析：A项“他的父亲创办了它”；B项“它是一个航空公司”；C项“数百人为它工作”；D项“它没有关于旅行的书”。

由第四段第一句Tony and Maureen started a company called Lonely Planet.可知A项错误；由第四段中The company has over 650 books.可知B项错误；由第四段中Today,800 people work for Lonely Planet.可知C项正确；由第四段中They wrote books for each place they visited.可知D项错误。

5．答案：A解析：A项“一位伟大的旅行家和他的书”；B项“不同国家之旅”；C项“一位伟大的作家和他的家庭”；D项“不同种类的公司”。

通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了伟大的旅行家Tony Wheeler和他写的旅行书。

故选A项。

读后自主学习
(1) 等等 (2) 在旅途中 (3) talked about (4) tell sb. about sth.
2. 佳句翻译
(1) 托尼·惠勒天生就注定就会旅游。

(2) 他们从英国出发，旅行了一年，经过亚洲，到达澳大利亚。

(3) 这本书非常流行。

（4）托尼和莫琳开始一家名为“孤独星球”的公司。

Passage C
【答案详解】1-5 DCDDA
1.D细节理解题。

根据表格中的第一项可知，Jun在这个网站的论坛上提了一个问题，是关于他第一次来到美国旅行的。

This will be my first trip there. I’m worried about correct business behavior and manners这是他第一次来到美国，他很担心，因为他不知道那里商务上的行为举止和礼仪。

故应该选D。

2.C细节理解题。

根据表格中的第四个人中In Korea and Japan, it’s the custom to remove your shoes before entering a house.可知，Kathryn在网站上发帖说，在韩国和日本，在进入房间之前脱鞋是礼仪。

remove在这里的意思是脱掉，脱下。

故选C。

3.D细节理解题。

根据表格中最后一个人中Andrew回复说For example, you can talk about travel, food, music, or sports. But you’d better not question about age.，在美国，你可以谈论旅行、食物、音乐或运动，但是最好不要询问年龄。

因此在美国询问别人的年龄是不礼貌的，故选D。

4.D细节理解题。

根据表格中最后一个人Andrew的回复中You probably won’t speak about business during dinner,可知，在美国老板的家里吃饭的时候，你不能说一些关于生意的事情。

故选D。

5.A主旨大意题。

这篇短文中Jun在一个网站的论坛上提了一个问题，他要去美国见他的老板，但是他不知道美国的商务礼仪。

通过这个表格中的回复可知，不同的国家有不同的风俗习惯，故选A
读后自主学习
(1)担心 (2)马上 (3) by mistake (4) take off
2. 佳句翻译
(1) 我的老板请我到他家吃晚饭。

(2) 注意观察你的美国主人,做他们所做的事情。

(3) 我很惊讶, 当丈夫和妻子做饭时，每个人都站在厨房里交谈。

(4) 但是你最好别问年龄。

【素材积累】
指豁出性命，进行激烈的搏斗。

比喻尽醉大的力量，极度的努力，去实现自己的目标。

逆水行舟，不进则退。

人生能有几回搏，此时不搏何时搏。

——容国团 .生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄。

——李清照贝多芬拼搏成长大作曲家贝多芬小时候由于家庭贫困没能上学，十七岁时患了伤寒和天花之后，肺病、关节炎、黄热病、结膜炎等又接踵而至，二十六岁不幸失去了听觉，爱情上也屡遭挫折，摘这种境遇下，贝多芬发誓“要扼住生命的咽喉”。

摘与生命的顽强拼搏中，他的意志占了上风，摘乐曲创作事业上，他的生命之火燃烧得越来越旺盛了。