第三讲 情态动词和虚拟语气 考点二

第三讲 情态动词和虚拟语气
考点二 情态动词+have done
（一） 表示“后怕、责备或遗憾”
I should/ought to have helped her, but I never could.
我本该帮助她的，却从未能这样做。

They
should not/ought not to have let you out of hospital so soon.
他们不应当让你这么早出院。

She could have applied for that job, but she didn ’t.
她本可以申请那份工作的，但她没有。

She might have gone to have her hair waved.
她可能烫头发去了。

He could not have gone anywhere, I just saw him.
他不可能去哪里的，我刚刚都还看到他。

I might not have done the task without his help.
没有他的帮助我可能还完不成任务。

You needn ’t have woken him up at 5 o ’clock. It ’s too early.
你没必要五点钟叫醒他。

太早了。

（二） 表示“对过去事实的推断”
I must have forgotten to tell you.
我一定是忘记告诉你了。

It ’s too late. I think he may have gone to bed.
太晚了，我想他可能已经上床睡觉了。

I saw Mr. Li just now. He can’t have gone to Beijing.
我刚才看见李先生了。

他不可能去了北京。

[点津] must/may/can’t do与must/may/can’t be doing是对现在、将来或正在发生的事情的推测。

【对点演练】
1.用所给单词的正确形式填空
（1）We all know what the poor man ____________ (say).
（2）You ____________ (not do) it yourself.
（3）Don’t worry---they ___________ (forget) to call.
（4）Smith _____________ (go) to see the movie yesterday.
（5）They ____________ (not go) out because the light is on！
（6）Without his assistance, Hugh ___________ (not do) what he did.
（7）You _____________ (not take) a taxi here, for it was very near to my house.
（8）The room _____________ (clean) by Li.
（9）It’s no use going to her office. She ____________ (go) home.
（10）He ____________ (not finish) he work so soon
参考答案：（1）should/ought to have said （2）should not/ought not to have done （3）could have forgotten （4）might have gone
（5）could not have gone （6）might not have done
（7）needn’t have taken （8）must have been cleaned
（9）may have gone （10）can’t have finished
2.单句改错
（1）He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evening when we can have been asleep.
（2）He is sad. You must n’t have told him the bad news.
（3）What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he must have done better.
（4）He need have given you more help, even though he was busy.
（5）We simply needn’t have done this without his encouragement and generous assistance.
（6）Because we rushed to create a lot of new stuff, we must not have done all of it quite right.
（7）We can’t have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.
（8）She should have gone out early, for she had not shown up at breakfast.
（9）She can have left yesterday.
（10）No, no, he should not have done that. No, no, this couldn’t be true.
参考答案：（1）can have been-should/ought to have been
（2）mustn’t have told-should not/ought not to have told
（3）must have done-could have done
（4）need have given-might have given
（5）needn’t have done-could not have done
（6）must not have done-might not have done
（7）can’t have bought-needn’t have bought
（8）should have gone-must have gone
（9）can have left-may have left
（10）should not have done-can’t have done
暖心小笔记
1.空格设在动词原形前时，要根据语境考虑是否要使用情态动词
It’s surprising that such a gentleman ________ be so rude to the old.
2.熟练掌握情态动词的基本意义和用法
The driver suggested that we ________ (should/might/could/would) set out before seven in the morning in order to avoid traffic jams.
3.明确情态动词+have done的含义
---The taxi driver is to blame for the serious accident.
---I can’t agree more. He ________ have drunk.
【自我诊断】
1.should
2. should
3. shouldn’t。