备战2025年高考二轮复习英语课件：阅读理解-说明文之新发明,新产品类

The team developed machine learning algorithms so the robotic reader would be able to “deblur” the images before the sensor attempted to recognise the letters.They trained the algorithms on a set of sharp images of Braille with fake blur applied.After the algorithms had learned to deblur the letters,they used a computer vision model to detect and classify each character.
文体分类练 说明文之新发明/新产品类
Passage 1 (2024宁夏银川二模) 主题:发明创造 词数:324 难度:★★★☆☆ 3M and Discovery Education announced Sean Jiang from Gilman School as one of the top ten finalists from across the nation for the 2023 3M Young Scientist Challenge.It’s a competition that encourages students to identify an everyday problem and submit a video showing the science behind the solution he or she came up with. 14-year-old Jiang decided to help those who can’t see.Blind people had a hard time navigating (导航) objects that are medium to far range.So Jiang wanted to design something to give them a heads-up on obstacles that may be incoming.
The robotic sensor the researchers used has a camera in its “fingertip”, and reads by using a combination of the information from the camera and the sensors.“This is a hard problem for roboticists as there’s a lot of image processing that needs to be done to remove motion blur(模糊),which is timeand energy-consuming,” said Parth Potdar from Cambridge’s Department of Engineering.
In October,the top ten finalists will compete in person in Minneapolis for the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” and a $25,000 prize. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一个青少年Sean Jiang的发明创造,他发明的设备能用声音帮助盲人顺利行走。
Some other similar programs were alright at finding objects that were in close range,but Jiang still wanted the blind to experience the world even fuller so they were able to see stuff that was much further away than their circle of reach.
2.Why did Jiang mention “echolocation”? A.To show the development of technology. B.To present the difficulties the blind face. C.To stress the significance of hearing. D.To explain the inspiration of his invention. 答案 D 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段可知,Jiang提到“回声定位”是为了解释他的 发明灵感。
3.What does the underlined word “dodge” mean in paragraph 4?
A.Avoid.
B.Encounter.
C.Challenge.
D词句猜测题。画线词下文“When a blind is walking with the device,the
备能够帮助盲人避开障碍物,从而推知画线词意思是“避开”。
4.What is the text mainly about? A.3M facilities intended for the blind. B.A teen using sound to help the blind. C.An invention to cure vision problems. D.A competition to improve the blind’s life. 答案 B 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了一个青少年Sean Jiang 的发明创造,他发明的设备能用声音帮助盲人顺利行走。
Passage 2 (2024广东湛江二模) 主题:机器人传感器 词数:357 难度:★★★☆☆ Researchers have developed a robotic sensor that combines artificial intelligence techniques to read Braille (盲文) at speeds roughly double that of most human readers.The research team,from the University of Cambridge,used machine learning algorithms (算法) to teach a robotic sensor to quickly slide over lines of Braille text.
1.What can we learn about Jiang from the first two paragraphs? A.He was the champion of the 2023 3M event. B.He invented technology to remove road obstacles. C.He sought to assist the blind in walking smoothly. D.He developed a new navigation app for his school. 答案 C 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,Jiang设法帮助盲人顺利行走。
Jiang’s inspiration came from the powers of the hearing system.“I learned in school that bats and whales are able to use echolocation(回声定位) to help them navigate and just use their sense of hearing and I also saw on YouTube some very skilled blind people that use echolocation to help them walk,” said Jiang.
“There are existing robotic Braille readers,but they only read one letter at a time,which is not how humans read,” said Potdar.“Existing robotic Braille readers work in a static way:They touch one letter pattern,read it,pull up from the surface,move over,lower onto the next letter pattern,and so on.We want something that’s more realistic and far more efficient.”
musical sound guidance.This could significantly increase the walking speed of
a blind person as well as decrease the number of obstacles they hit.”说明该设
sensor of the depth camera gathers the information regarding the obstacles’
position and distance.Then the AI system in it will turn the distance data into
Jiang started with a virtual reality setting and then made it a reality.His creation uses a depth camera that can detect how close objects are,thus giving enough time to dodge the obstacles.When a blind is walking with the device, the sensor of the depth camera gathers the information regarding the obstacles’ position and distance.Then the AI system in it will turn the distance data into musical sound guidance.This could significantly increase the walking speed of a blind person as well as decrease the number of obstacles they hit.
Once the algorithms were incorporated,the researchers tested their reader by sliding it quickly along rows of Braille characters.The robotic Braille reader could read 315 words per minute with 87% accuracy,which is twice as fast and about as accurate as human Braille reader.