有利于行人头部保护的碰撞波形研究-中国汽车工程学会

目次
有利于行人头部保护的碰撞波形研究（摘要链接） (1)
一种新的橡胶衬套半经验动力学模型（摘要链接） (2)
基于状态观测器的半挂汽车折叠角估算（摘要链接） (3)
电动轮驱动电动汽车直线行驶转矩协调试验研究（摘要链接） (4)
驱动桥支撑刚性对齿轮啮合特性的影响分析（摘要链接） (5)
某轻型货车制动力调节装置的匹配方法与试验分析（摘要链接） (6)
车辆侧翻预警研究现状与关键技术（摘要链接） (7)
电机驱动模式下汽油机直接起停技术（摘要链接） (8)
悬架系统的偏频误差分析和准主频计算（摘要链接） (9)
YC6A220C柴油机排气余热裂解甲醇助燃的试验研究（摘要链接） (10)
车辆液压动力转向油泵台架试验研究（摘要链接） (11)
AMT台架试验方法研究（摘要链接） (12)
铝车轮冲击试验失效案例及其有限元分析（摘要链接） (13)
汽车用高强度钢热成型技术（摘要链接） (14)
有利于行人头部保护的碰撞波形研究
吴斌1，朱西产1，王大志2，刘军勇2
（1.同济大学汽车安全技术研究所；2. SAIC MOTOR技术中心）【摘要】对行人头部碰撞波形进行了合理简化，研究了3种典型简化波形对行人头部碰撞所需吸能空间的影响，推导出了满足头部伤害指标HIC=1000且所需吸能空间最小的最优简化波形，提出了有利于行人头部保护的碰撞波形改进措施。

建立了某车型行人头部碰撞有限元模型并进行了试验验证，结果表明，所提改进措施可以有效地提高行人头部保护性能。

关键词：行人头部保护，吸能空间，碰撞波形，惯性质量，刚度
Research on Crash Waveform Regarding
Pedestrian Head Protection
Wu Bin1, Zhu Xichan1, Wang Dazhi2, LiuJuyong2
(1. Automotive Safety Technology Institute, Tongji University; 2. SAIC MOTOR Technical
Center)
【Abstract】By simplifying the waveform of the pedestrian head impact, the paper investigates the effect of three typical simplified waveform on crash depth required in pedestrian head impact, and the optimal simplified waveform, which meets head impact criteria HIC=100, and requires the minimum crash depth, is deprived. Measures for the improvement of head impact waveform in favor of the pedestrian head protection are presented. This paper establishes the pedestrian head-on collision model, and verifies the model by experiments. The results show that the improvement measures proposed in this paper can effectively improve the pedestrian head protection.
Key words: Pedestrian head protection; Crash depth; Collision wave; Inertial mass; Stiffness
一种新的橡胶衬套半经验动力学模型
于增亮张立军罗鹰
（同济大学）
【摘要】提出了一种基于集成Dzierzek非线性静态弹性单元模型、分数导数粘弹模型与Berg平滑摩擦模型的橡胶衬套半经验参数化模型。

结合某悬架用圆柱橡胶衬套对该模型进行了参数识别与仿真精度对比分析，同时对该模型进行了修正及验证。

试验结果表明，修正模型在增加5个参数识别工况的条件下，显著提高了模型的仿真精度，增强了模型适用性。

主题词：橡胶衬套；动力学模型；参数识别
A Novel Semi-Empirical Dynamic Model of Rubber Bushing
Yu Zengliang, Zhang Lijun, Luo Ying
(Tongji University)
【Abstract】A semi-empirical parameterized rubber bushing model incorporating Dzierzek-based nonlinear elastic element model, fractional derivative viscoelastic model and Berg smooth friction model is presented in the paper. Using a cylindrical rubber bushing of a vehicle suspension, the parameters identification and simulation precision comparison and analysis have been made for the model. Correction and validation of the model are also made. The test results show that the corrected model, by adding five parameter identification conditions, significant improves model simulation precision, enhances model applicability.
Key words: Rubber bushing; Dynamic model; Parameter recognition
基于状态观测器的半挂汽车折叠角估算房永1初亮 1 郭建华1刘明辉2魏文若 2
（1吉林大学；2 中国第一汽车集团公司技术中心）【摘要】根据商用车ESC系统各传感器的信息，利用半挂汽车3自由度
模型设计了状态观测器来估计半挂汽车的折叠角。

根据侧向加速度值对当前
利用路面附着系数进行了估算，用来修正线性轮胎模型。

利用三轴半挂汽车
的21自由度非线性模型对观测器的估计结果进行了验证，结果表明，该观测
器在车辆的线性和非线性区域内都能准确地估算出半挂汽车的折叠角。

主题词：半挂汽车状态观测器折叠角估算
Articulation Angle Estimation for Semi-trailer based
on State Observer
Fang Yong 1, Chu Liang 1, Guo Jianhua1, Liu Minghui 2, Wenruo Wei 2
(1. Jilin University; 2. China FAW Group Corporation R&D Center)
【Abstract】A state observer is designed to estimate the articulation angle, by using a 3 DOF semi-trailer model and the information provided by sensors of electronic stability control (ESC) system. Road adhesion coefficient is estimated with lateral acceleration to correct the linear tire model. The observer is validated on the 21 DOF nonlinear model of a 3-axle semi-trailer. The simulation results show that the estimated articulation angle is accurate in both linear area and nonlinear area of vehicle.
Key words：Semi-trailer; State observer; Articulation angle; Estimation
电动轮驱动电动汽车直线行
驶转矩协调试验研究
张缓缓1王庆年 2
（1．上海工程技术大学；2．吉林大学动态模拟国家重点实验室）
【摘要】针对目前国内车用驱动电机性能的现状，分析了电机输出转矩误差对车辆直线行驶稳定性的影响。

利用横摆角速度作为反馈变量，对直线行驶过程中的驱动转矩进行协调控制。

对应用该控制策略的某车型在所开发的电动轮驱动试验车平台上进行了不同速度下的道路试验。

结果表明，该转矩协调控制策略能够保证车辆直线行驶稳定性。

关键词：电动汽车转矩误差转矩协调试验
Test Research on Torque Coordinated Control of Straight Line Driving for Electric Wheel Driven Vehicles
Zhang Huanhuan1 Wang Qingnian2
(1. Shanghai University of Engineering Science; 2 State key Laboratory of Automobile Dynamic
Simulation, Jilin University)
【Abstract】In view of the current technical status of automotive driving motor in China, the effect of motor output torque error on straight line driving stability is discussed in detail in the article. In this article, yaw velocity is taken as a feedback variable to coordinate the driving torque during straight line driving. Road test was made to a vehicle model which adopts this control strategy on the newly developed electric wheel-driven vehicle platform under different speeds. The results show that the torque coordinated control strategy can ensure vehicle’s straight line driving stability.
Key words: Electric vehicle; Torque error; Torque coordination; Test
驱动桥支撑刚性对齿轮啮合
特性的影响分析
冯喜成 1 张步良 1 杨建军2
（1. 东风德纳车桥产品研发中心；2. 东风德纳车桥齿轮研究所）
【摘要】介绍了基于Gleason试验标准的某商用车后桥主减速器锥齿轮参数E、P、G、α的计算方法，并在此基础上对比分析了理论计算、Gleason 程序、有限元分析、台架试验之间的结果。

将基于有限元分析的计算结果输入到Gleason程序中进行LTCA 分析，分析结果与台架啮合印迹试验结果的对比验证了该有限元分析方法的可行性。

给出了该方法成功应用于某驱动后桥开发中的实例。

主题词：驱动桥支撑刚性齿轮啮合特性
Analysis on Effects of Driving Axle Support Rigidity on
Gear Engagement Characteristic
Feng Xicheng1, Zhang Buliang1, Yang Jianjun2
(1. Dong Feng Dana Axle Co., Ltd Technology Center; 2. Dong Feng Dana Axle Co., Ltd Gear
Technology Center)
【Abstract】The method computing E, P, G and α of rear axle main drive of a commercial vehicle based on Gleason test standard is introduced in the paper, and on this basis, a comparison is made between theoretical calculation, Gleason program, FEA and bench test result. The calculated results based on FEA is input into Gleason program for LTCA analysis, the comparison between analysis result and bench engagement imprint test result validates feasibility of this FEA method. An example of successful application of this method in the development of a rear drive axle is derived.
Key words: Drive axle; Support rigidity; Gear, Engagement behavior
某轻型货车制动力调节装置的
匹配方法与试验分析
郝春光谢飞
（吉林大学）
【摘要】分析了某轻型载货汽车理想制动压力分配和制动力调节装置调压特性，提出了在轻型货车上安装制动力调节装置的匹配方法，即通过感应载荷的变化自动调节前、后轴制动力分配比例，可使其接近理想制动力分配曲线。

对车辆匹配制动力调节装置前、后的制动性能进行了理论计算与道路试验，结果表明，匹配制动力调节装置可使该轻型货车的制动性能明显提高，制动稳定性和安全性得到改善。

主题词：轻型货车制动力调节装置匹配
The Matching Method and Experimental Analysis of
Braking Force Regulator for a Light Duty Vehicle
Hao Chunguang; Xie Fei
（Jilin University）
【Abstract】Pressure regulating characteristics of braking force regulator and the ideal braking pressure distribution of a light duty vehicle were analyzed in this article, and matching method for the braking force regulator was proposed, namely, by sensing load change to regulate front and rear braking force distribution proportion automatically, enabling it approach to an ideal braking force distribution curve. Theoretical computation and road test were made to analyze the braking performance of the vehicle with or without the braking force regulator, the results showed that, with the matched braking force regulator, braking performance of thigh light duty vehicle was obviously improved and braking stability and safety were improved.
Key Words: Light duty vehicle; Braking force regulator; Matching
车辆侧翻预警研究现状与关键技术
张不扬1宗长富1王德平2
（1.吉林大学汽车动态模拟国家重点实验室；2.中国第一汽车集团公司规划部）【摘要】阐述了目前国、内外在车辆侧翻预警领域开展研究的现状。

简述了侧翻预警系统的工作原理，介绍了车辆侧翻预警系统在侧翻算法门限值选取上采用的两种方式：基于静态门限值的控制方法和基于动态稳定门限值的控制方法。

指出侧翻预警算法和车辆行驶状态的获取是开发实用侧翻预警系统的关键技术，并展望了未来汽车侧翻预警系统的发展方向。

主题词：汽车侧翻预警系统关键技术
Status of Research and Key Technology of Vehicle Rollover
Warning System
Zhang Buyang1Zong Changfu1Wang Deping2
(1. State Key Laboratory of Automobile Dynamic Simulation, Jilin University; 2. Planning
Department, China First Automobile Group Corporation)
【Abstract】The status of research on vehicle rollover warning system both in China and abroad is outlined in the paper. The operating principle of the system is introduced briefly, and the following two methods applied in the selection of vehicle rollover algorithm gate limits of the warning system is presented: control method based on static gate limit and control method based on dynamic and stable door limit. It is also pointed out in the paper that the acquisition of rollover warning algorithm and vehicle driving state is a key technology of developing a practical vehicle rollover warning system, an outlook of the development trend of future vehicle rollover warning system is also presented.
Key words: Vehicle; Rollover warning system; Key technology
电机驱动模式下汽油机直接
起停技术
孙志军1韩立伟1高翔2洪伟1
（1．吉林大学汽车动态模拟国家重点实验室；2．大陆汽车电子（长春）有限
公司）
【摘要】在捷达轿车进气道喷射发动机的基础上搭建了试验台架，对原机ECU在发动机不同起动状态下的喷油、点火以及排放进行试验研究。

结果表明，热机状态下的高速起动可以显著减少起动初期供给的喷油量，同时也可以减少点火能量；汽油机热机状态HC、CO排放要低于冷机工况；高速工况CO的排放要低于低速工况；汽油机无论是哪一种起动状态，NO x排放都处于一种较低的水平。

主题词：汽油机电机驱动直接起停
Research on Gasoline Engine Start-Stop Technology in
Motor Drive Mode
Sun Zhijun1Han Liwei1Gao Xiang2Hong Wei1
(1. State Key Laboratory of Automobile Dynamic Simulation, Jilin University; 2. Continental
Automotive Changchun Co., Ltd)
【Abstract】A test bench is built based on the port-injection engine of Jetta car, on which fuel injection, ignition and emission under different starting state of engine are tested and studied. The results show that high-speed start under hot engine state can significantly reduce the amount of fuel provided at the early stage of starting, meanwhile, ignition energy can also be reduced; HC and CO emission under hot engine state are lower than that of cold engine; Co emission under high-speed condition is lower than that of low-speed condition; NO x emission maintains at a comparatively lower level whichever starting status the gasoline engine is in.
Key word: Gasoline engine; Motor driver; Start-stop
悬架系统的偏频误差分析和准主频计算
曾迥立肖江华赵宁周坤
（东风汽车股份有限公司）
【摘要】针对国内普遍用簧载偏频公式计算悬架频率时存在较大误差的问题，系统地对悬架的两个偏频进行了误差分析，拟出悬架系统的两个准主频计算公式以较准确地获得悬架系统的频率。

其中，用不计非簧载质量的车身－车轮双自由度模型计算出的悬架频率，与第一主频的相对误差很小，可作为第一准主频来计算悬架频率；用非簧载偏频公式计算的频率，与第二主频的相对误差很小，可作为第二准主频。

关键词：悬架偏频误差分析准主频
Error-analysis of Offset Frequency and Calculation of Quasi-master Frequency in Suspension System
Zeng Jiongli, Xiao Jianghua, Zhao Ning, Zhou Kun
(Dongfeng Motor Company Limited)
【Abstract】In view of large error existing in calculating suspension frequency with spring-loading offset frequency equation in China, error analysis was made systematically on two suspension offset frequencies, and two quasi-master frequency calculation equation for the suspension system to accurately obtain frequency of the suspension system. Among which, the suspension frequency calculated with body-wheel dual degree of freedom model which does not include sprung mass, has little relative error with the first master frequency, can be used as the first quasi-master frequency to calculate suspension frequency; whereas the frequency calculated with non-spring loading offset frequency equation has little error with the second master frequency, can be used as the second quasi-master frequency.
Key words: Suspension; Offset frequency; Error analysis; Quasi-master frequency
YC6A220C柴油机排气余热裂解
甲醇助燃的试验研究
赵强郑道昌王炳辉杨成
(宁波大学)
【摘要】在不改变YC6A220C柴油机结构和参数的基础上，从排气管道引出高温尾气裂解甲醇气进入柴油机进气管进行混合燃烧，研究了共轨燃烧甲醇裂解气时YC6A220C柴油机的燃烧排放特性。

结果表明，与原机相比，燃用预混裂解气的发动机动力性基本无变化，经济性有所提高，在掺烧比为1.5%~6%时，各种负荷下节油可达4%~8%；在高负荷时，NO x排放可降低32.4%，碳烟排放可降低41.6%，HC排放也有明显降低。

主题词：甲醇裂解柴油机柴油排放特性
Experimental Research on Combustion-supporting
Performance of Cracked Methanol by Residual Heat of Exhaust Gas in YC6A220C Diesel Engine
Zhao Qiang Zheng Daochang Wang Bing-hui Yang Cheng
(Ningbo University)
【Abstract】In the premise of without changing the structure and parameters of the YC6A220 diesel engine, cracked methanol gas at the intake manifold of the engine through high-temperature exhaust gas from exhaust pipe, combustion and emission characteristic are studied for YC6A220 diesel engine when methanol is cracked under common rail combustion. Results show that, compared with the original engine, the engine using combustible pre-mixed and cracked gas has little change in power, improves with regard to economy. When 1.5~6% of such gas is mixed with diesel fuel, 4%~8% fuel saving can be achieved under different loads; when the engine operates at high loads, NO x emission and soot emission can be reduced by 32.4% and 41.6% respectively, and HC emission can also be reduced significantly.
Key words: Methanol cracking; Diesel engine; Diesel; Emission characteristic
车辆液压动力转向油泵台架
试验研究
蔡锋 1 颜尧 2 刘旌扬1
（1一汽海马汽车有限公司；2国家机动车质量监督检验中心）【摘要】针对某液压动力转向油泵（叶片泵）建立了数学模型，分析了其流量、压力及转速间的耦合关系，并对比分析了不同企业标准的差异，提出了增加压力/流量动态特性试验的必要性。

通过试验台架进行了流量/压力试验，结果表明，试验曲线与所建油泵数学模型吻合较好，能够为转向油泵和模型优化及转向系统匹配提供数据参考。

主题词：液压动力转向油泵，数学模型，流量压力特性
Research on Vehicle Hydraulic Power Steering
Pump Bench Test
Cai Feng1; Yan Yao2; Liu Jingyang1
(1. FAW Haima Automobile Co., Ltd; 2. National Motor Vehicle Quality Supervision and
Inspection Center)
【Abstract】A mathematical model is established for a hydraulic power steering oil pump (blade pump), in which the coupling correlation between flow, pressure and speed are analyzed, and discrepancy between different corporate standard is compared and analyzed, the necessity of adding pressure/flow dynamic characteristic test is proposed. Flow/pressure bench test is made, the results show that the test curve coincides with the established oil pump mathematic model, this provides data reference for optimization of oil steering pump and model and match of the steering system.
Key words: Hydraulic powering steering pump; Mathematical model; Flow pressure characteristic
AMT台架试验方法研究
张威陈慧岩赵亦农
（北京理工大学）
【摘要】以模拟AMT实际运行环境进行自动换挡试验为目标，构建了基于CAN通讯网络的AMT试验台控制系统。

通过分析车辆行驶阻力和驾驶员操纵行为，并考虑电涡流测功机的加载特性，给出了试验台模拟平直路面行驶工况的油门变化原则和测功机的理论加载量。

通过试验台控制系统实现了发动机转速和测功机加载的协调控制，并进行了模拟平直路面行驶的换挡试验。

试验结果表明，台架试验与实车换挡中各主要参数变化历程相符，证明了该AMT试验台控制方法的可行性。

主题词：AMT；自动换挡；试验台
Investigation on Test Method of the AMT Bench Test
Zhang Wei, Chen Huiyan, Zhao Yinong
(Beijing Institute of Technology)
【Abstract】To simulate automatic gear-shift under AMT operating conditions, an AMT test bench control system based on CAN network was built. By analyzing vehicle’s driving resistance and driving behavior, and taking into consideration the loading characteristics of eddy current dynamometer, the throttle variation principle and theoretical dynamometer loading amounts were given for simulating straight road working conditions of AMT. The cooperative control of engine speed and dynamometer loading was implemented through test bench control system, and the gear-shift test in simulated straight road driving was carried out. The test results show that course of changing of main gear shifting parameters of the bench test are coincident with the actual gear-shift process, and the feasibility of the test approach is proved.
Key words: AMT; Auto gear-shift; Test bench
铝车轮冲击试验失效案例及其
有限元分析
陆斌
（南京华舜轮毂有限公司）
【摘要】以一款6J×15铝车轮为例，分别从时效过程和结构优化两方面对其13º角冲击试验的失效机理进行了研究，并结合实际铝车轮的材料特性、热处理工艺和测试结果建立了以破坏应变为判定准则的有限元分析模型。

利用该模型对铝车轮3种失效模式的改进措施进行了有限元分析及验证。

主题词：铝车轮；冲击试验；有限元
Failure Case & FEA of Aluminum Wheel Impact Test
Lu Bin
(Nanjing HUASHUN Wheels Co., LTD)
【Abstract】The paper, taking a 6J×15 aluminum wheel as example, investigates the failure mechanism under 3º angular impact test from actual effect process and structural optimization, and a FEA model with failure stress as assessment criteria is established based on characteristic of aluminum wheel material, thermal treatment process and test results. With this model, FEA and validation are made for the improvement of three failure model of aluminum wheel.
Key Words: Aluminum wheels; Impact test; Finite element
汽车用高强度钢热成型技术
高云凯高大威余海燕邓有志
(同济大学)
【摘要】高强度钢的热成型技术可解决传统成型高强度钢板在汽车车身制造中遇到的各种问题。

介绍了汽车用高强度钢热成型的加工工艺、加工关键技术、热成型零件的检测方法以及国内外的研究现状。

以用于热冲压成型的高强度钢——硼钢为例，对我国热成型技术的应用情况及未来热成型技术需要解决的问题进行了阐述。

主题词：高强度钢板热成型硼钢
Analysis on High-strength Steel Hot Forming Technology
for Automobile
Gao Yunkai, Gao Dawei, Yu Haiyan, Deng Youzhi
（Tongji University）
【Abstract】By using high-strength steel hot forming technology, many issues confronting traditional forming high-strength steel plate in auto body manufacturing can be solved. Machining technology, key machining technology, test method of hot formed components as well as status of research both in China and abroad are introduced in the paper. It takes boron steel, a high-strength steel applied in hot press forming as example to elaborate the application of hot forming technology in China and the problems to be solved in hot forming technology in the future.
Key words: High strength steel plate; Hot forming technology; Boron steel。