SD卡官方规格书
SD3.0物理层规格书中文版
SD3.0中文协议目录1简介 (7)2系统特征 (7)3SD记忆卡系统概念 (8)3.1读写属性 (8)3.2供电电压 (8)3.3卡容量 (8)3.4速率级别 (8)3.5总线拓扑结构 (8)3.5.1SD Bus (9)3.5.2SPI BUS (9)3.6总线协议 (9)3.6.1SD总线 (9)3.6.2SPI总线 (12)3.7SD记忆卡P INS和寄存器 (12)3.8R OM卡 (14)3.8.1寄存器设置要求 (14)3.8.2不支持的命令 (14)3.8.3可选命令 (14)3.8.4WP开关 (15)3.9超高速相I(UHS-I)卡 (15)3.9.1UHS-I操作模式 (15)3.9.2UHS-I卡类型 (15)3.9.3Host和卡组合 (16)3.9.4总线速率模式选择时序 (16)3.9.5UHS系统框图 (17)3.9.5.1Host可变采样 (17)3.9.5.2Host固定采样 (17)3.9.6总线模式总结 (17)4SD记忆卡功能描述 (18)4.1概要 (18)4.2卡识别模式 (19)4.2.1卡复位 (19)4.2.2运行条件确认 (19)4.2.3卡初始化和鉴别过程 (21)4.2.3.1初始化命令(ACMD41) (22)4.2.4总线信号电压切换顺序 (23)4.2.4.1UHS-i初始化顺序 (23)4.2.4.2切换信号电压的时序 (24)4.2.4.3电压切换错误检测时序 (25)4.2.4.4电压切换命令 (26)4.2.4.5调制命令 (26)4.2.4.6UHS-I系统块图示例 (28)4.3数据传输模式 (28)4.3.1总线宽度选择/释放 (30)4.3.2 2 GByte 卡 (30)4.3.3数据读 (30)4.3.4数据写 (31)4.3.5擦除 (32)4.3.6写保护管理 (33)4.3.7卡上锁/解锁操作 (33)4.3.7.1概要 (33)4.3.7.2CMD42的参数和效果 (35)4.3.7.3强行擦除 (36)4.3.7.4ACMD6和上锁/解锁状态的关系 (37)4.3.7.5上锁卡能接受的命令 (37)4.3.7.6上锁/解锁的两种类型 (38)4.3.8内容保护(彭宁华注:主要涉及到一些通用和商业加密等) (38)4.3.9应该规格命令 (38)4.3.9.1通用命令——Gen_CMD(CMD56) (39)4.3.10切换功能命令 (39)4.3.10.1概要 (39)4.3.10.2Mode 0操作——查询功能 (40)4.3.10.3Mode 1操作——设置功能 (41)4.3.10.4切换功能状态 (42)4.3.10.5CMD6数据和其他命令间关系 (45)4.3.10.6切换功能流程示例 (45)4.3.10.7查询示例 (47)4.3.10.8设置示例 (48)4.3.11高速模式(25MB/S接口速率) (48)4.3.12命令系统 (48)4.3.13发送接口条件命令(CMD8) (49)4.3.14命令因卡容量类型而功能性不同 (50)4.4时钟控制 (50)4.5循环冗余码(CRC) (51)4.6错误条件 (53)4.6.1CRC和非法命令 (53)4.6.2读,写,擦除超时条件 (53)4.6.2.1读 (53)4.6.2.2写 (53)4.6.2.3擦除 (54)4.7命令 (54)4.7.1命令类型 (54)4.7.2命令格式 (54)4.7.3命令类别 (54)4.7.4详细的命令描述 (56)4.8卡状态转换表 (62)4.9响应 (64)4.9.1R1(正常响应命令) (65)4.9.2R1b (65)4.9.3R2(CID,CSD寄存器) (65)4.9.4R3(OCR寄存器) (65)4.9.5R6(发布RCA响应) (66)4.9.6R7(卡接口条件) (66)4.10SD卡的两个状态信息 (66)4.10.1卡状态 (66)4.10.2SD状态 (69)4.11M EMORY阵列分区 (73)4.12时序 (74)4.12.1命令和响应 (75)4.12.2数据读 (76)4.12.3数据写 (77)4.12.4时序值 (79)4.12.5SDR50和SDR104模式的时序变化 (79)4.12.5.1CRC 状态开始时序 (79)4.12.5.2读块间隙 (80)4.12.5.3在写操作中CMD12的时序修改 (80)4.12.5.4在读操作中CDM12的时序修改 (81)4.12.5.5时序参数值 (82)4.12.6DDR50模式的时序变化 (82)4.12.6.1奇偶定义 (82)4.12.6.2协议原则 (82)4.12.6.3DDR50的CRC状态Token规则 (83)4.12.6.4DDR50的CRC16 (84)4.12.6.5DDR50模式的数据访问时序示例 (84)4.12.6.6时钟控制 (84)4.12.6.7复位命令 (84)4.13速率等级定义 (84)4.13.1SDSC和SDHC卡的速率等级规格 (85)4.13.1.1分配单元(AU) (85)4.13.1.2记录单元(RU) (85)4.13.1.3写保护 (85)4.13.1.4读性能 (86)4.13.1.5性能曲线定义 (87)4.13.1.6速率等级定义 (87)4.13.1.7在录制中给插入FAT升级的考虑 (88)4.13.1.8速率等级测试条件与要求 (89)4.13.1.9每个速率等级的性能参数要求 (89)4.13.1.10SD文件系统要求 (89)4.13.2SDXC卡的速率等级规格 (90)4.13.2.1速率等级参数 (90)4.13.2.2写性能 (90)4.13.2.3读性能 (91)4.13.2.4FAT升级 (91)4.13.2.5CI(连续信息)升级 (91)4.13.2.6数据类型区别 (92)4.13.2.7SDXC的速率等级测试条件和要求 (92)4.13.2.8速率控制命令(CMD20) (93)4.13.2.9速率等级写录过程示例 (94)4.14擦除超时计算 (94)4.14.1擦除单元 (94)4.14.2擦除时间特征的场景分析 (95)4.14.3擦除大区域的方法 (96)4.14.4擦除超时值用参数寄存器来计算 (96)4.14.5设置块数命令 (96)5卡的寄存器 (97)5.1OCR寄存器 (97)5.2CID寄存器 (98)5.3CSD寄存器 (99)5.3.1CSD_Structure (99)5.3.2CSD寄存器(CSD Version 1.0) (100)5.3.3CSD寄存器(CSD 版本2.0) (106)5.4RCA寄存器 (108)5.5DSR寄存器(可选) (108)5.6SCR寄存器 (108)6SD卡硬件接口 (111)6.1热插拔 (112)6.2卡检测(插入/拔出) (112)6.3电源保护(插入/拔出) (112)6.4供电方案 (113)6.4.1上电 (113)6.4.1.1上电时间 (114)6.4.1.2上电或者供电Cycle (114)6.4.1.3供电Ramp Up (114)6.4.2下电和供电Cycle (115)6.5可编程卡输出驱动(可选的) (115)6.6 3.3V信号的总线操作条件 (116)6.6.1高电压范围的电平阈值 (116)6.6.2峰值电压和漏电流 (117)6.6.3电流消耗 (117)6.6.4总线信号线负载 (117)6.6.5总线信号电平级别 (118)6.6.6总线时序(默认) (118)6.6.7总线时序(高速模式) (120)6.7 1.8V信号驱动强度和总线时序 (121)6.7.1输出驱动强度 (121)6.7.1.1驱动强度4个等级 (121)6.7.1.2I/O驱动强度类型 (121)6.7.1.3I/O驱动目标AC特性 (122)6.7.1.4驱动强度选择 (123)6.7.1.5如何选择优化的驱动强度 (123)6.7.2 1.8V信号的总线操作条件 (124)6.7.2.1 1.8V信号的阈值电平 (124)6.7.2.2漏电流 (124)6.7.3在SDR12,SDR25,SDR50和SDR104模式的总线时序规格 (124)6.7.3.1时钟时序 (124)6.7.3.2卡输入时序 (125)6.7.3.3卡输出时序 (125)6.7.4DDR50模式的总线时序规格 (128)6.7.4.1时钟时序 (128)6.7.4.2DDR50的总线时序 (129)7SPI模式 (129)8附录 (130)1简介SD是一种记忆卡(memory card),是为音视频消费电子设备提供安全,大容量,高性能和便携的一种存储卡。
外文翻译《SD安全数码卡产品手册》
本科毕业设计(外文翻译)SanDisk Secure Digital Card Product ManualSD安全数码卡产品手册1. IntroduceThe Secure Digital is a flash-based memory card that is specifically designed to meet the security, capacity, performance and environment requirements inherent in newly emerging audio and video consumer electronic devices. The SD Card includes a copyright protection mechanism that complies with the security of the SDMI standard, and is faster and capable of higher Memory capacity. The SD Card security system uses mutual authentication and a “new cipher algorithm” to protect from illegal usage of the card content. A non-secured access to the user‘s own content is also available. The physical form factor, pin assignment and data transfer protocol are forward compatible with the SD Card, with some additions.The SD Card communication is based on an advanced nine-pin interface (Clock, Command, 4xData and 3xPower lines) designed to operate in a low voltage range. The communication protocol is defined as part of this specification. The SD Card host interface supports regular MultiMediaCard operation as well. In other words, MultiMedia Card forward compatibility was kept. Actually the main difference between SD Card and MultiMediaCard is the initialization process. The SD Card specifications were originally defined by MEI (Matsushita Electric Company), Toshiba Corporation and SanDisk Corporation. Currently, the specifications are controlled by the Secure Digital Association (SDA). The SanDisk SD Card was designed to be compatible with the SD Card Physical Specification.The SD Card interface allows for easy integration into any design, regardless of microprocessor used. For compatibility with existing controllers, the SanDisk SD Card offers, in addition to the SD Card interface, an alternate communication protocol, which is based on the SPI standard.The current SD Card provides up to 1024 million bytes of memory using flash memory chips, which were designed especially for use in mass storage applications. In addition to the mass storage specific flash memory chip, the SD Card includes an on-card intelligent controller which manages interface protocols, security algorithms for copyright protection, data storage and retrieval, as well as Error Correction Code (ECC) algorithms, defect handling and diagnostics, power management and clock control.1.1. ScopeThis document describes the key features and specifications of the SD Card, as well as the information required to interface this product to a host system.1.2. Product ModelsThe SD Card is available in the capacities shown in Table 1-1.SDSDB = Binary NAND technology.SDSDJ = Multi Level Cell (MLC) NAND technology.SDSDH = Ultra SD CardInterface Figure 1-1. SD Card Block Diagram1.3 System FeaturesThe SD Card provides the following features:●U p to 2-GB of data storage.●S D Card protocol compatible.●S upports SPI Mode.●T argeted for portable and stationary applications for secured (copyrights protected)and non-secured data storage.●V oltage range:●O ther commands and memory access: 2.7-3.6V.●V ariable clock rate 0-25 MHZ.●U p to 25 MB/sec data transfer rate (using 4 parallel data lines).●P assword Protected of Cards (not on all models).●W rite Protect feature using mechanical switch.●B uilt-in write protection features (permanent and temporary).●C ard Detection (Insertion/Removal).●A pplication-specific commands.●C omfortable erase mechanism.The performance of the communication channel is described inTable 1-2.1.4. SD Card StandardSanDisk SD Cards are fully compatible with the following SD Card Physical Layer Specification standard:The SD Card Physical Layer System Specification, Version 1.101.5 Functional DescriptionSanDisk SD Cards contain a high level, intelligent subsystem as shown in Figure 1-1. This intelligent (microprocessor) subsystem provides many capabilities not found in other types of memory cards. These capabilities include:●Host independence from details of erasing and programming flash memory.●Sophisticated system for managing defects (analogous to systems found in magneticdisk drives).●Sophisticated system for error recovery including a powerful error correction code(ECC).1.5.1. Flash Technology IndependenceThe 512-byte sector size of the SD Card is the same as that in an IDE magnetic disk drive. To write or read a sector (or multiple sectors), the host computer software simply issues a Read or Write command to the SD Card. This command contains the address. The host software then waits for the command to complete. The host software does not get involved in the details of how the flash memory is erased, programmed or read. This is extremely important as flash devices are expected to get more and more complex in the future. Because the SD Card uses an intelligent on-board controller, the host system software will not require changing as new flash memory evolves. In other words, systems that support the SD Card today will be able to access future SanDisk SD Cards built with new flash technology without having to update or change host software.1.5.2. Defect and Error ManagementSD Cards contain a sophisticated defect and error management system. This system is analogous to the systems found in magnetic disk drives and in many cases offers enhancements. For instance, disk drives do not typically perform a read after write to confirm the data is written correctly because of the performance penalty that would be incurred. SD Cards do a read after write under margin conditions to verify that the data is written correctly. In the rare case that a bit is found to be defective, SD Cards replace this bad bit with a spare bit within the sector header. If necessary, SD Cards will even replace the entire sector with a spare sector. This is completely transparent to the host and does not consume any user data space.The SD Card’s soft error rate specification is much better than the magnetic disk drivespecification. In the extremely rare case a read error does occur, SD Cards have innovative algorithms to recover the data. This is similar to using retries on a disk drive but is much more sophisticated. The last line of defense is to employ a powerful ECC to correct the data. If ECC is used to recover data, defective bits are replaced with spare bits to ensure they do not cause any future problems. These defect and error management systems coupled with the solid-state construction give SD Cards unparalleled reliability.1.5.3. Copyright ProtectionA detailed description of the Copyright Protection mechanism and related security SD Card commands can be found in the SD Card Security Specification document from the SD Card Association. All SD Card security related commands operate in the data transfer mode.As defined in the SDMI specification, the data content that is saved in the card is saved already encrypted and it passes transparently to and from the card. No operation is done on the data and there is no restriction to read the data at any time. Associated with every data packet (song, for example) that is saved in the unprotected memory there is a special data that is saved in a protected memory area. For any access (any Read, Write or Erase command) from/to the data in the protected area. For an authentication procedure is done between the card and the connected device, either the LCM (PC for example) or the PD (portable device, such as SD player). After the authentication process passes, the card is ready to accept or give data from/to the connected device. While the card is in the secured mode of operation (after the authentication succeeded) the argument and the associated data that is sent to the card or read from the card are encrypted. At the end of the Read, Write or Erase operation, the card gets out automatically of its secured mode.1.5.4. EnduranceSanDisk SD Cards have an endurance specification for each sector of 100,000 writes typical (reading a logical sector is unlimited). This far exceeds what is typically required in nearly all applications of SD Cards. For example, even very heavy use of the SD Card in digital still cameras, cellular phones, personal communicators, pagers and voice recorders will use only a fraction of the total endurance over the typical device’s lifetime. For instance, it would take over 10 years to wear out an area on the SD Card on which a file of any size (from 512 bytes to maximum capacity) was rewritten 3 times per hour, 8 hours a day, 365 days per year. With typical applications, the endurance limit is not of anypractical concern to the vast majority of users.1.5.5. Wear LevelingWear-leveling is an intrinsic part of the Erase Pooling functionality of SD using NAND memory. The SD Card’s Wear Level command is supported as a NOP operation to maintain backward compatibility with existing software utilities.1.5.6. Using the Erase CommandThe Erase (sector or group) command provides the capability to substantially increase the write performance of the SD Card. Once a sector has been erased using the Erase command, a write to that sector will be much faster. This is because a normal write operation includes a separate sector erase prior to write.1.5.7. Automatic Sleep ModeA unique feature of the SanDisk SD Card (and other SanDisk products) is automatic entrance and exit from sleep mode. Upon completion of an operation, the SD Card will enter the sleep mode to conserve power if no further commands are received within 5msec. The host does not have to take any action for this to occur. In most systems, the SD Card is in sleep mode except when the host is accessing it, thus conserving power. When the host is ready to access the SD Card and it is in sleep mode, any command issued to the SD Card will cause it to exit sleep and respond.1.5.8. Hot InsertionSupport for hot insertion will be required on the host but will be supported through the connector. Connector manufacturers will provide connectors that have power pins long enough to be powered before contact is made with the other pins. Please see connector data sheets for more details. This approach is similar to that used in PCMCIA and MMCA devices to allow for hot insertion.1.5.9. SD Card—SD Bus ModeThe following sections provide valuable information on the SC Card in SD Bus mode.1.5.9.1. SD Card Standard ComplianceThe SD Card is fully compliant with SD Card Physical Layer Standard Specification V1.01. The structure of the Card Specific Data (CSD) register is compliant with CSD Structure 1.0.1.5.9.2. Negotiating Operation ConditionsThe SD Card supports the operation condition verification sequence defined in the SD Card standard specifications. Should the SD Card host define an operating voltage range, which is not supported by the SD Card it will put itself in an inactive state and ignore any bus communication? The only way to get the card out of the inactive state is by powering it down and up again. In Addition the host can explicitly send the card to the inactive state by using the GO_INACTIVE_STATE1.SD卡介绍SD卡(安全数码卡)是以FLASH技术为依托的记忆卡,特为满足新兴的视频和音频电器的安全,容量,运行和环境要求而设计。
金士顿Canvas React Plus SD卡用户手册说明书
k i ngsto n.co m/fl a shCreativity and Inspiration in Professional QualityKingston’s Canvas React Plus SD card delivers high-performance speeds which are designed to work with industry-standard professional cameras for creatives that shoot 4K/8K videos and high-resolution photos. Designed with the latest UHS -II standards and top-of-the-line U3 and V90 speed classes, the Canvas React Plus SD enables you to shoot sequential burst-mode shots with recording speeds of up to 260MB/s 1. Execute your creativity without experiencing slow speeds and dropped frames while maximizing workflow and efficiency. With transfer speeds of up to 300MB/s 1, enhance your post-production process and handle heavy workloads with ease while capturing cinematic quality in high-resolutions.Kingston’s Canvas React Plus SD card is the go-to performance SD card for content creators making their way in digital filmmaking and professional photography.more >>›Ultimate speeds to support professional camera use ›Capture 4K/8K Ultra-HD high-speed shots without dropping frames›Top-of-the-lineperformance for professional content creators ›DurableCANVAS REACT PLUS SDKINGSTON PART NUMBERSUltimate speeds to support professional camera use — With transfer speeds of up to 300MB/s 1 for enhanced post-production workflow efficiency and recording speeds of up to 260MB/s 1, this card easily handles burst mode shots and high-performance video recording.High performance UHS-II standard for reliable high-resolution photography and video recording — Capture 4K and 8K Ultra-HD high-speed shots and videos without dropping frames.1. Based on internal testing performance will vary based on host device. Advertised speeds require Kingston MobileLite Plus Reader and compatible UHS-II host device. Backwards compatible with UHS-I devices.2. Some of the listed capacity on a Flash storage device is used for formatting and other functions and thus is not available for data storage. As such, the actual available capacity for data storage is less than what is listed on the products. For more information, go to Kingston’s Flash memory guide at /flashguide.SPECIFICATIONSFEATURES / BENEFITSTop-of-the-line performance for professional content creators — The Canvas React Plus leverages UHS Speed Class 3 (U3) and Video Speed Class 90 (V90) for peak performance with professional camcorders and digital cinema cameras.Capacities 232GB, 64GB, 128GB, 256GB Standard/ClassClass 10, UHS-II, U3, V90Performance 1300/260MB/s Read/Write Dimensions24mm x 32mm x 2.1mm (SD)FormatFAT32 (32GB) exFAT (64GB-256GB)Operating temperature -25°C~85°CStorage temperature -40°C~85°C Voltage 3.3VWarranty/support Lifetime。
SD卡MDR说明书
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目录1.产品规格 (1)2.产品外特性 (3)32.1 整机外观 (3)32.2 前面板指示灯与接插件定义 (5)32.3 后面板接口定义 (6)32.3外接线缆定义. (7)54.3.1A V音视频输出线缆定义 (7)54.3.2电源线 (7)54.3.3报警输入输出 (8)4.5 主机安装指导 (8)3遥控器功能键说明 (9)4主机功能及操作说明 (11)4.1用户登录 (12)4.2系统设置 (13)4.2.1基本设置 (14)4.2.2开关机设置 (14)4.2.3网络设置 (15)4.2.4密码设置 (16)4.3录像设置 (17)4.3.1常规设置 (17)4.3.2通道设置 (18)4.3.3定时列表 (19)4.3.4子码流设置 (19)4.4行车设置 (20)4.4.1传感器设置 (20)4.4.2速度设置 (21)4.4.3加速度设置 (21)4.5管理工具 (22)4.5.1磁盘管理 (23)4.5.2配置管理 (23)4.5.3系统升级 (24)4.5.4日志管理 (24)4.6录像回放 (25)4.7快捷设置 (25)4.8模块管理 (25)4.9系统信息 (26)5电脑回放录像资料 (27)5.1在电脑上安装播放器 (27)5.2在电脑上使用播放器 (27)1.产品规格SD卡车载主机是专为车载视频监控和远程监控开发的一款高性价比、功能可扩展性强的设备。
它采用高速处理器和嵌入式Linux平台开发,结合IT领域中最先进的H.264视频压缩/解压缩技术。
以SD卡作为存储介质,SD卡车载主机可实现4路CIF、HD1和D1格式的音视频录像、汽车行驶信息记录功能。
SD卡车载主机产品外观简洁、具有超强抗振,安装灵活方便,功能强大,可靠性高等特点。
_SD卡_规格书
Micro-Sized Secure Digital CardGByte, 2GByte and 4GByte主要描述MicroSD 卡是把有序和随机的存取能力高度结合的闪存卡.通过专用的串行接口有效地进行快速和可靠的数据传输.这个接口允许几种卡通过连接外部装置直接应用. 这些MicroSD 卡是完全兼容一些新的消费标准的.在MicroSD 卡的系统描述中会有MicroSD 卡系统标准的定义.MicroSD 卡系统是基于半导体技术革新上的大容量存储系统.它已经发展成为了一种应用于多媒体消费类产品廉价,结实的存储介质.MicroSD 卡适适用于那些廉价的播放器和驱动器的设计,不用移动任何一个部分.耗电量低,宽电压范围支持移动,电池电源.可用于音频播放器,万用笔记本,掌上电脑,电子书,电子百科全书,电子词典.用于非常有效的数据压缩方案.比如:MPEG 格式, MicroSD 卡将为多媒体数据的传输提供足够的容量.要特性- 容量: 128MB/256MB/512MB. - 兼容MicroSD 卡2.0版本规格 - 物理层的规范第一部分是2.0版本. (功能, 电子特性, Registers) -卡内错误自动纠正-电压传输范围: 2.7~3.6V . -耗电量较低:自动开关电源, 自动的管理电源. - 不要求额外的运行电压.-充电时插入或移除卡都不会造成毁坏l. -数据张力: 100k 写入/擦除 周期. -便于终端客户处理 - 可信赖的电子结构- 支持文本信息和图像- 面积: 11mm(W)x15mm(L). - 厚度 跨连接区7mm, 卡的厚度.95mm.- MICROSD 卡的插槽可以连接适配器用图像1. MICROSD 卡的格式Table 1. 产品清单深圳市威胜科技有限公司MICROSDTable 2. 产品明细(特征值)Parameter Range1GB 2GB 4GB记忆容量1024MB 2048MB 4096MB写入速度5MB/S 5MB/s 6MB/s读取速度10MB/S 15MB/s 15MB/s待机电流60 uA 60 uA 60 uA操作电流55mA 55 mA 55 mA平均故障间隔时间1,000,000 hours张力10,000 插入/移除周期控制器SK6612控制器明细SK6612 Data Sheet v105.pdfTable 3. 操作环境参数范围温度操作模式-25 ~ 65℃存储模式- 40 ~ 85℃湿度操作模式8% to 95%,非冷凝存储模式8% to 95%,非冷凝深圳市威胜科技有限公司MICROSD Figure 2. 物理结构图Bottom View深圳市威胜科技有限公司MICROSDTop View深圳市威胜科技有限公司MICROSD。
SD卡中文资料
SD卡中文资料特性:◎容量:32MB/64MB/128MB/256MB/512MB/1GByte ◎兼容规范版本1.01 ◎卡上错误校正◎支持CPRM ◎两个可选的通信协议:SD 模式和 SPI 模式◎可变时钟频率 0-25MHz ◎通信电压范围:2.0-3.6V 工作电压范围:2.0-3.6V ◎低电压消耗:自动断电及自动睡醒,智能电源管理◎无需额外编程电压◎卡片带电插拔保护◎正向兼容MMC 卡◎高速串行接口带随即存取---支持双通道闪存交叉存取---快写技术:一个低成本的方案,能够超高速闪存访问和高可靠数据存储---最大读写速率:10Mbyte/s ◎最大10 个堆叠的卡(20MHz,Vcc=2.7-3.6V) ◎数据寿命:10 万次编程/擦除◎CE 和 FCC 认证◎PIP 封装技术◎尺寸:24mm 宽×32mm 长×1.44mm 厚说明:本 SD 卡高度集成闪存,具备串行和随机存取能力。
可以通过专用优化速度的串行接口访问,数据传输可靠。
接口允许几个卡垛叠,通过他们的外部连接。
接口完全符合最新的消费者标准,叫做SD 卡系统标准,由 SD 卡系统规范定义。
SD 卡系统是一个新的大容量存储系统,基于半导体技术的变革。
它的出现,提供了一个便宜的、结实的卡片式的存储媒介,为了消费多媒体应用。
SD 卡可以设计出便宜的播放器和驱动器而没有可移动的部分。
一个低耗电和广供电电压的可以满足移动电话、电池应用比如音乐播放器、个人管理器、掌上电脑、电子书、电子百科全书、电子词典等等。
使用非常有效的数据压缩比如 MPEG,SD 卡可以提供足够的容量来应付多媒体数据。
框图:SD 卡上所有单元由内部时钟发生器提供时钟。
接口驱动单元同步外部时钟的 DAT 和 CMD 信号到内部所用时钟。
本卡由 6 线SD 卡接口控制,包括:CMD,CLK,DAT0-DAT3。
在多 SD 卡垛叠中为了标识SD 卡,一个卡标识寄存器(CID)和一个相应地址寄存器(RCA)预先准备好。
SD卡官方规格书
2) KONLIN special injection process makes KONLIN product no any gap, so it is waterproof and dustproof. If you are
careless to leave card in wash machine, you still can use it as normal.
The total capacitance CL the CLK line of the miniSD Memory Card bus is the sum of the bus master
capacitance CHOST, the bus capacitance CBUS itself and the capacitance CCARD of each card connected
connected separately to the SD Memory Card host.
SD Memory Card Hardware interface
SD Card interface
Timing waveform
6
AC characteristics
Parameter
Symbol Min.
to this line:
ǂ CL = CHOST + CBUS + *CCARD
where N is the number of connected cards. Requiring the sum of the host and bus capacitances not to
exceed 30 pF for up to 10 cards, and 40 pF for up to 30 cards, the following values must not be
micro sd卡 标准
micro sd卡标准Micro SD卡标准。
Micro SD卡,又称微型SD存储卡,是一种小型的闪存卡,广泛应用于手机、相机、平板电脑等便携式设备中。
它的小巧尺寸和大容量存储使得它成为了现代便携设备中不可或缺的存储介质。
在选择和使用Micro SD卡时,了解其标准是非常重要的。
本文将介绍Micro SD卡的标准,帮助您更好地选择和使用Micro SD卡。
首先,让我们来了解Micro SD卡的尺寸和容量。
Micro SD卡的尺寸为15mm×11mm×1mm,非常小巧便携。
而其容量则有多种选择,包括2GB、4GB、8GB、16GB、32GB、64GB等不同规格。
在购买Micro SD卡时,可以根据自己的需求和设备的兼容性来选择合适的容量。
需要注意的是,一些老旧的设备可能无法兼容较大容量的Micro SD卡,因此在购买前务必确认设备的兼容性。
其次,Micro SD卡的速度等级也是选择的重要因素。
根据SD卡协会的规定,Micro SD卡的速度等级分为Class 2、Class 4、Class 6、Class 10等级别,分别对应不同的最小连续写入速度。
一般来说,Class级别越高的Micro SD卡,其读写速度越快,适合于对速度要求较高的设备,如高清摄像机、运行速度较快的手机等。
因此,在购买Micro SD卡时,要根据设备的需求来选择合适的速度等级,以充分发挥设备的性能。
除了速度等级外,Micro SD卡还有UHS速度等级。
UHS-I和UHS-II是目前主流的两种速度等级,它们的读写速度更快,适合于高性能的设备。
如果您的设备支持UHS速度等级,可以考虑选择UHS速度等级更高的Micro SD卡,以获得更好的读写性能。
另外,Micro SD卡的耐久性也是需要考虑的因素。
一般来说,高品质的Micro SD卡在使用寿命、抗冲击、防水防尘等方面都会更加可靠。
因此,在购买Micro SD卡时,建议选择知名品牌的产品,以确保其质量和耐久性。
SANDISK TF规格书
SanDisk microSDOEM Product ManualRevision 2.0Document No. 80-36-03335March 2010SanDisk CorporationCorporate Headquarters • 601 McCarthy Blvd. • Milpitas, CA 95035 Phone (408) 801-1000 • Fax (408) 801-8657Products, samples and prototypes are subject to update and change for technological and manufacturing purposes.SanDisk® Corporation general policy does not recommend the use of its products in life support applications wherein a failure or malfunction of the product may directly threaten life or injury. Without limitation to the foregoing, SanDisk shall not be liable for any loss, injury or damage caused by use of its products in any of the following applications:∙Special applications such as military related equipment, nuclear reactor control, and aerospace∙Control devices for automotive vehicles, train, ship and traffic equipment∙Safety system for disaster prevention and crime prevention∙Medical-related equipment including medical measurement deviceAccordingly, in any use of SanDisk products in life support systems or other applications where failure could cause damage, injury or loss of life, the products should only be incorporated in systems designed with appropriate redundancy, fault tolerant or back-up features. Per SanDisk Terms and Conditions of Sale, the user of SanDisk products in life support or other such applications assumes all risk of such use and agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless SanDisk Corporation and its affiliates against all damages.Security safeguards, by their nature, are capable of circumvention. SanDisk cannot, and does not, guarantee that data will not be accessed by unauthorized persons, and SanDisk disclaims any warranties to that effect to the fullest extent permitted by law.This document and related material is for information use only and is subject to change without prior notice. SanDisk Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document or related material, nor for any damages or claims resulting from the furnishing, performance or use of this document or related material. SanDisk Corporation explicitly disclaims any express and implied warranties and indemnities of any kind that may or could be associated with this document and related material, and any user of this document or related material agrees to such disclaimer as a precondition to receipt and usage hereof. EACH USER OF THIS DOCUMENT EXPRESSLY WAIVES ALL GUARANTIES AND WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND ASSOCIATED WITH THIS DOCUMENT AND/OR RELATED MATERIALS, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR INFRINGEMENT, TOGETHER WITH ANY LIABILITY OF SANDISK CORPORATION AND ITS AFFILIATES UNDER ANY CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHER LEGAL OR EQUITABLE THEORY FOR LOSS OF USE, REVENUE, OR PROFIT OR OTHER INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION PHYSICAL INJURY OR DEATH, PROPERTY DAMAGE, LOST DATA, OR COSTS OF PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS, TECHNOLOGY OR SERVICES.No part of this document may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrievable manner or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise, without the prior written consent of an officer of SanDisk Corporation.All parts of the SanDisk documentation are protected by copyright law and all rights are reserved.SanDisk and the SanDisk logo are registered trademarks of SanDisk Corporation, registered in the United States and other countries. All other brand names mentioned herein are for identification purposes only and may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective holder(s).© 2008 - 2010 SanDisk Corporation. All rights reserved.Document No. 80-36-03335 Rev 2.0Revision HistoryTable of Contents1Introduction (1)1.1General Description (1)1.2Features (2)1.3Scope (2)1.4SD Card Standard (2)1.5Functional Description (3)1.5.1Technology Independence (3)1.5.2Defect and Error Management (3)1.5.3Content Protection (3)1.5.4Wear Leveling (3)1.5.5Automatic Sleep Mode (4)1.5.6Hot Insertion (4)1.6microSD Card Products in SD Bus Mode (4)1.7SPI Mode (6)2Product Specifications (7)2.1microSD Card Product Family (7)2.1.1Typical Card Power Requirements (7)2.1.2System Performance (7)2.1.3Physical Specifications (8)3Interface Description (9)3.1Pins and Registers (9)3.2Bus Topology (10)3.2.1SD Bus (10)3.2.2SPI Bus (10)3.3Hot Insertion and Power Protection (10)3.4Electrical Interface (11)3.4.1Power Up (11)3.4.2Bus Operating Conditions (11)3.4.3Bus Timing (Standard Mode) (11)3.4.4Bus Timing (High Performance Mode) (11)3.5microSD Card Product Family Registers (12)3.5.1Operation Conditions Register (12)3.5.2Card Identification Register (12)3.5.3Card Specific Data Register (13)3.5.4Card Status Register (15)3.5.5SD Status Register (15)3.5.6Relative Card Address Register (15)3.5.7SD Card Configuration Register (16)3.5.8microSD Card Product Family Registers in SPI Mode (16)3.5.9Data Interchange Format and Card Sizes (16)4microSD Card Protocol Description (17)4.1General Description (17)4.2SD Bus Protocol (17)4.3Functional Description (17)4.3.1Card Identification Mode (17)4.3.2Data Transfer Mode (17)4.3.3Clock Control (17)4.3.4Cyclic Redundancy Codes (18)4.3.5Error Conditions (18)4.3.6Commands (18)4.3.7Card State Transition (18)4.3.8Timing Diagrams and Values (18)4.3.9Speed Class Specification (18)4.3.10Erase Timeout Calculation (18)5Marking (19)6Ordering Information (20)1 I NTRODUCTION1.1General DescriptionThe SanDisk microSD and microSDHC (SD High Capacity) Cards are flash based removable non-volatile memory devices specifically designed to meet the security, capacity, performance and environmental requirements inherent in next generation mobile phones and consumer electronic devices. The SanDisk microSD Card is based on the SD Card specification.1 microSDHC cards (above 2GB) have both the SDHC and the Speed Class logo (Class 2, Class 4, Class 6 or Class 10) as defined by SD Specification Version 3.0.The SanDisk microSD Card includes a faster content protection system that complies with the security of the Secure Digital Music Initiative (SDMI) standard and has a higher memory capacity. In the SanDisk microSD Card, card content is protected from illegal use by mutual authentication and a cipher algorithm. Unsecured access to the user's own content is also available.microSD Cards are based on a 8-pin interface designed to operate in a maximum operating frequency of 50 MHz. The interface for microSD Card products allows for easy integration into any design, regardless of which type of microprocessor is used. In addition to the interface, microSD Card products offer an alternate communication-protocol based on the SPI standard.SanDisk microSD Card Product Family provides up to 32 gigabytes (GB) of memory using flash memory chips, which were designed especially for use in mass storage applications. In addition to the mass storage-specific flash memory chip, cards in the microSD Card Product Family includes an on-board intelligent controller which manages interface protocols; security algorithms for content protection; data storage and retrieval, as well as Error Correction Code (ECC) algorithms; defect handling; power management; wear leveling and clock control.Figure 1: SD Card Block Diagram1 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd., SanDisk Corporation and Toshiba Corporation (SD-3C, LLC) originally defined specifications for the SD Card. SD card specifications are now maintained, controlled and assigned by the SD-3C, LLC.1.2FeaturesGeneral features of cards in the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family include:∙Up to 32 GB2 of data storage∙SD - protocol compatible∙Supports SPI Mode∙Targeted for portable and stationary applications for secured (content protected) and unsecured data storage∙Voltage range of 2.7 to 3.6V∙Variable clock rate 0-25 MHz (standard), 0-50 MHz (high performance)∙Up to 25 MB/sec data transfer rate (using four parallel data lines)∙Memory field error correction∙Content protection mechanism that complies with highest security of SDMI standard∙Password protection∙Built-in write protection features (permanent and temporary)∙Supports card detection (insertion and removal)∙Application-specific commands1.3ScopeThis document describes key features and specifications of the SanDisk microSD Cards as well as the information required to interface these products to a host system. Chapter 2 describes the physical and mechanical properties of cards in the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family, Chapter 3 contains the pins and register overview, and Chapter 4 gives a general overview of the SD protocol. Information about SPI Protocol can be referenced in Section 7 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.1.4SD Card StandardSanDisk microSD cards are fully compatible with the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00. This specification is available from the SD Card Association (SDA).SD Card Association2400 Camino Ramon, Suite 375San Ramon, CA 94583 USATelephone: +1 (925) 275-6615Fax: +1 (925) 886-4870E-mail: office@Web site: 2 1 megabyte (MB) = 1 million bytes; 1 gigabyte (GB) = 1 billion bytes. Some of the listed capacity is used for formatting and other functions, and thus is not available for data storage.1.5Functional DescriptionThe family of SanDisk microSD cards contains a high-level, intelligent subsystem as shown in Figure 1. This intelligent (microprocessor) subsystem provides many capabilities not found in other types of memory cards. These capabilities include:∙Host independence from details of erasing and programming flash memory∙Sophisticated system for managing defects (analogous to systems found in magnetic disk drives)∙Sophisticated system for error recovery including a powerful ECC∙Power management for low power operation1.5.1Technology IndependenceThe 512-byte sector size of a card in the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family is the same as that in an IDE magnetic disk drive. To write or read a sector (or multiple sectors), the host software simply issues a read or write command to the card. The command contains the address and number of sectors to write or read. The host software then waits for the command to complete.The host software does not get involved in the details of how the flash memory is erased, programmed or read. This is extremely important because flash devices are expected to get increasingly complex in the future. Because cards in the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family use an intelligent on-board controller, host system software will not need to be updated as new flash memory evolves. In other words, systems that support the microSD Card Product Family today will be able to access future SanDisk cards built with new flash technology without having to update or change host software.1.5.2Defect and Error ManagementThe SanDisk microSD Card Product Family contains a sophisticated defect and error management system. This system is analogous to the systems found in magnetic disk drives and in many cases offers enhancements. If necessary, SanDisk microSD Card Product Family will rewrite data from a defective sector to a good sector. This is completely transparent to the host and does not consume any user data space. The SanDisk microSD Card Product Family soft error rate specification is much better than the magnetic disk drive specification. In the extremely rare case that a read error does occur, SanDisk microSD Card Product Family has innovative algorithms to recover the data. These defect and error management systems, coupled with the solid state construction, give SanDisk microSD Card Product Family unparalleled reliability.1.5.3Content ProtectionA detailed description of the content protection mechanism and related security SD commands can be found in the SD Security Specification from the SDA. All SD security-related commands in the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family operate in the data transfer mode.1.5.4Wear LevelingWear leveling is an intrinsic part of the erase pooling functionality of cards in the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family using NAND memory.1.5.5Automatic Sleep ModeA unique feature of cards in the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family is automatic entrance and exit from sleep mode. Upon completion of user operations and subsequently needed flash management, cards enter sleep mode to conserve power. The host does not have to take any action for this to occur. However, in order to achieve the lowest sleep current, the host needs to shut down its clock to the card. In most systems, cards are in sleep mode except when accessed by the host, thus conserving power.When the host is ready to access a card in sleep mode, any command issued to it will cause it to exit sleep, and respond.1.5.6Hot InsertionSupport for hot insertion will be required on the host but will be supported through the connector. Connector manufacturers will provide connectors that have power pins long enough to be powered before contact is made with the other pins. This approach is similar to that used in PCMCIA devices to allow for hot insertion.1.6microSD Card Products in SD Bus ModeThe following sections provide valuable information on cards in the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family in SD Bus mode.Cards in the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family are fully compliant with the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00. Card Specific Data (CSD) Register structures are compliant with CSD Structure 1.0 and 2.0.This section covers Negotiating Operating Conditions, Card Acquisition and Identification, Card Status, Memory Array Partitioning, Read/Write Operations, Data Transfer Rate, Data Protection in Flash Cards, Write Protection, Copy Bit, and CSD Register.Additional practical card detection methods can be found in application notes pertaining to the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.Figure 2: Memory Array PartitioningFigure 3: Data Transfer FormatsTable 1 contains descriptions for each transfer mode.Table 1: Mode Descriptions1.7SPI ModeThe SPI Mode is a secondary communication protocol for cards in the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family. This mode is a subset of the SD Protocol, designed to communicate with an SPI channel, commonly found in Motorola and other vendors' microcontrollers. Detailed information about SPI Mode can be found in Section 7 or the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.2 P RODUCT S PECIFICATIONS2.1microSD Card Product FamilyThis section provides product specifications for the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family.2.1.1Typical Card Power RequirementsThe values stated in Table 2 represent the SanDisk microSD Card power requirements.Table 2: SanDisk microSD Card Power RequirementsNote: Current consumption is measured by averaging over one (1) second. Refer to Section 6.6.3 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00 for more information2.1.2System PerformanceThis section provides the system performance specifications for the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family. All performance values in Table 3 were measured under the following conditions:∙Voltage range 2.7 to 3.6V∙Temperature -25°C to 85°C∙Independent of card clock frequencyTable 3: System Performance2.1.3Physical SpecificationsFigure 4 and Figure 5 provide the physical dimensions of the SanDisk microSD Card. For detail dimensions and tolerances refer to SDA microSD Card Addendum, Section 3.0 Mechanical Specification for microSD Memory Card.Figure 4: microSD Card Top View and Side ViewFigure 5: microSD Card Bottom View3 I NTERFACE D ESCRIPTION3.1Pins and RegistersThe SanDisk microSD Card Product Family has exposed contacts on one side. The host uses a dedicated connector to connect to microSD cards.In Table 4, pin assignments for the SanDisk microSD Card are for SD Bus Mode. Table 5 contains pin assignments for SPI Mode.Note: Pin assignments are provided by the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00 and associated addendums (microSD). For more details, refer to Section 3.7 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00Table 4: SD Bus Mode Pin AssignmentNotes: 1. Type Key: S=power supply; I=input; O=output using push-pull drivers;PP=I/O using push-pull drivers.2.The extended DAT lines (DAT1-DAT3) are input on power up. Theystart to operate as DAT lines after the SET_BUS_WIDTH command.It is the responsibility of the host designer to connect external pull-upresistors to all data lines even if only DAT0 is to be used. If not, theremay be unexpected high current consumption due to the floatinginputs of DAT1 & DAT2 (if they are not used).3.At power up this line has a 50KOhm pull-up enabled in the card. Thisresistor serves two functions: Card Detection and Mode Selection.For Mode Selection, the host can drive the line high or let it be pulledhigh to select SD mode. If the host wants to select SPI mode, itshould drive the line low. For Card Detection, the host detects that theline is pulled high. The user should disconnect this pull-up withSET_CLR_CARD_DETECT (ACMD42) command during regulardata transfer.The SanDisk microSD Card pin assignments in Table 5 below are for SPI ModeTable 5: SPI Bus Mode Pin AssignmentEach card has a set of information registers. Register descriptions and SDA references are provided in Section 5.0 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.Table 6: microSD Card Product Family Register Overview3.2Bus TopologyThe family of SanDisk microSD products supports two communication protocols: SD and SPI. For more details, refer to Section 3.5 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00. Section 6 of the specification contains a bus circuitry diagram for reference.3.2.1SD BusFor more details, refer to Section 3.5.1 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.3.2.2SPI BusFor more details, refer to Section 3.5.2 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.3.3Hot Insertion and Power ProtectionRefer to Section 6.1, 6.2 , and 6.3 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.3.4Electrical InterfaceThe power scheme of SanDisk microSD products is handled locally in each card and in the bus master. Refer to Section 6.4 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.3.4.1Power UpPower must be applied to the VDD pin before any I/O pin is set to logic HIGH. In other words, CMD, CLK, and DAT0-3 must be at zero (0) volts when power is applied to the VDD pin. For more information, refer to Section 6.4.1 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.Card VDDFigure 6: Recommended Power Control SchemeThe recommended power control scheme for SanDisk microSD cards is illustrated in Figure 6. Most card connectors have a card detect switch that signals the SD host when the card is inserted. After the host is aware of the card insertion, it turns on the FET switch to apply power to card's VDD pin.Once the card is inserted and all card pins are making contact, there should be a delay before the FET switch is turned on.Note: Because there are clamping diodes on the CMD, CLK, and DAT0-3 pins, it is crucial to ensure that CLK, CMD, and DAT0-3 are at zero (0) volts during the delay and before the FET switch is turned on. If any I/O pin, (CMD, CLK, or DAT0-3) goes above zero volts during the delay and before power reaches the card VDD pin, it will forward bias the clamping diodes and can cause the card to go into an unknown state.It is the host's responsibility to make sure power gets to VDD before CMD, CLK, or DAT0-3 go above zero volts.3.4.2Bus Operating ConditionsSPI Mode bus operating conditions are identical to SD Card Bus Mode operating conditions. For details, see Section 6.6 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.3.4.3Bus Timing (Standard Mode)See Section 6.6.6 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.3.4.4Bus Timing (High Performance Mode)See Section 6.6.7 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.3.5microSD Card Product Family RegistersThere is a set of eight registers within the card interface. However, the DSR Register is optional and is not used in the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family. For specific information about all registers, refer to Section 5 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.3.5.1Operation Conditions RegisterThe Operation Conditions Register (OCR) stores a card's VDD voltage profile. Refer to Section 5.1 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00 for more information.3.5.2Card Identification RegisterThe Card Identification (CID) Register is 16 bytes long and contains the unique card identification number. It is programmed during card manufacturing and cannot be changed by card hosts. See Table 7.Table 7: CID Register Definitions3.5.3Card Specific Data RegisterThe Card Specific Data (CSD) Register configuration information is required to access card data. The CSD defines the data format, error correction type, maximum data access time, etc. The field structures of the CSD Register vary depending on the physical specifications and card capacity. The CSD_STRUCTURE field in the CSD Register indicates which structure version is used. Table 8 shows the version number as it relates to the CSD structure. Refer to Section 5.3.1 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00 for more information.Table 8: CSD Register StructureTable 9 provides an overview of the CSD Register. More field-specific information can be found in Section 5.3.2 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.Table 9: CSD Register (CSD Version 1.0)Refer to Sections 5.3.2 and 5.3.3, of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00 for more detailed information.Table 10: CSD Register (CSD Version 2.0)The Card Status Register (CSR) transmits the card's status information (which may be stored in a local status register) to the host. The CSR is defined in Section 4.10.1 in the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.3.5.5SD Status RegisterThe SD Status Register (SSR) contains status bits that are related to the microSD Card proprietary features and may be used for future applications. The SD Status structure is described in Section 4.10.2 in the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.3.5.6Relative Card Address RegisterThe 16-bit Relative Card Address (RCA) Register carries the card address published by the card during the card identification. Refer to Section 5.4 in the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00 for more information.3.5.7SD Card Configuration RegisterThe SD Card Configuration Register (SCR) is in addition to the CSD Register. The SCR provides information about special features in the SanDisk SD Card products. For more information, refer to Section 5.6 in the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.3.5.8microSD Card Product Family Registers in SPIModeAll card registers are accessible in SPI Mode. Their format is identical to the format in the SD Bus Mode; however a few fields are irrelevant in SPI Mode. In SPI Mode, the Card Status Register also has a different, shorter format. Refer to Section 7.4 in the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00 for more details.3.5.9Data Interchange Format and Card SizesIn general, a file system provides structure for data in SanDisk microSD Card products. The SD Card File System Specification, published by the SDA, describes the file format system that is implemented in the SanDisk microSD Card products. In general, each card is divided into two separate DOS-formatted partitions as follows: ∙User Area–used for secured and non-secured data storage and can be accessed by the user with regular read/write commands.∙Security Protected Area–used by content protection applications to save security related data and can be accessed by the host using the secured read/writecommand after doing authentication as defined in the SD Security Specification.The security protected area size is defined by SanDisk as approximately onepercent of the total size of the card.Table 11: User Area DOS Image Parameters4 MICRO SD C ARD P ROTOCOL D ESCRIPTION4.1General DescriptionSD Protocol information for cards in the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family is contained in this chapter; information includes SD bus protocol, card identification, and a functional description.4.2SD Bus ProtocolCommunication over the SD bus is based on command and data-bit streams initiated by a start bit and terminated by a stop bit. See Section 3.6.1 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00 for details.4.3Functional DescriptionIn the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family, the host controls all communication between itself and the cards. To demonstrate how this communication works, this section provides a general overview of the card identification and data transfer modes; commands; card dependencies; various card operation modes and restrictions for controlling the clock signal. All SD Card commands, together with corresponding responses, state transitions, error conditions, and timings are also provided. For detailed information, refer to Section 4 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.4.3.1Card Identification ModeIn Card Identification Mode, the host resets all cards, validates operation voltage range, identifies and requests cards to publish a relative card address. For more information see Section 4.2 in the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00. 4.3.2Data Transfer ModeIn Data Transfer Mode, the host may operate SanDisk microSD Card Product Family cards in the fPP frequency range. In the SDA Physical Specification, this section includes information about data read and write, erase, write-protect management, card lock/unlock operations, application-specific commands, switch function command, high-speed mode, command system, and the Send Interface Condition command (CMD8). CMD8 is part of identification mode and command functional differences in high capacity microSD cards. For more detailed information, refer to Section 4.3 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.4.3.3Clock ControlThe host can use the bus clock signal in SanDisk microSD cards to switch them to energy saving mode or to control data flow on the bus. See Section 4.4 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.4.3.4Cyclic Redundancy CodesThe Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) protects against transmission errors that may occur on the bus in SanDisk microSD Card Product Family cards. Detailed information and examples for CRC7 and CRC16 are provided in Section 4.5 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.4.3.5Error ConditionsSee Section 4.6 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.4.3.6CommandsSee Section 4.7 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00 for detailed information about card commands in the SanDisk microSD Card Product Family. 4.3.7Card State TransitionIn microSD cards, the state transition is dependent on the received command. The transition is defined in Section 4.8 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version3.00 along with responses sent on the command line.4.3.8Timing Diagrams and ValuesSee Section 4.12 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.4.3.9Speed Class SpecificationSDA speed class specification classifies SDHC card minimum write performance by speed class number and offers the method to test performance. For more information, refer to Section 4.13 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.4.3.10Erase Timeout CalculationSee Section 4.14 of the SDA Physical Layer Specification, Version 3.00.。
存储卡标准.CF.SD.SDHC.MMC.TF卡引脚定义对应关系
存储卡标准.CF.SD.SDHC.MMC.TF卡引脚定义对应关系SD概念SD 卡,数字安全记忆卡(Secure Digital Memory Card ),是用于移动设备的标准记忆卡。
SD 卡数据外形及接口定义SD 卡为9pinSD 卡也有SD (SD 有4-line 和1-line 两种模式,以下只列出了4-line 工作模式)和SPI 两种工作模式,在各个TF 卡,又叫microSD 卡,8 pin ,外形以及在SD 和SPI 工作模式下引脚定义如下。
数据线2保留数据线3片选/从选SS 命令线主出从入电源电源时钟时钟sck 电源地电源地数据线0主入从出数据线1保留三星 MMC Micro卡(512MB) 基本特征卡式类型闪存卡容量 512MB外形尺寸 14*12*1.1产品重量 1电压(V) 2.7V-3.6V其他性能读:10 MB/s;写:7 MB/s91235DAT2DAT3CS/COCMD VSS1CLK 数据线3命令线电源地1时钟4VDD 电源SD card的标准记忆卡。
SD卡数据传送和物理规范由MMC发展而来,大小和MMC差不多。
长宽和MMC一样,比MMC稍微厚SPI两种工作模式,在各个工作模式下引脚定义如下:512MB) 基本特征卡式类型 MMC MicroB/s;写:7 MB/s678VSS2DAT0DAT1电源地2数据线0宽和MMC一样,比MMC稍微厚了一点。
兼容性方面SD卡向下兼容多媒体卡(Multi Media Card)。
edia Card)。
书籍-SD卡规范
1.概述SD存储卡(Secure Digital Memory Card)是特别为符合新出现的音频和视频消费电子设备的安全性、容量、性能和环境等要湂而设计的一种存储卡。
SD存储卡包含符合SDMI标准安全性的版权保护机制,速度更快而且存储容量更大。
SD存储卡的安全绻统使用双方认证和“新的密码算滕”技术,防止卡的内容被非滕使用。
它还提供了一种无安全性的访问方滕访问用户自己的内容。
SD存储卡的物理外形、引脚分配和数据传输协议都向前兼容多媒体卡(MultiMediaCard),但也增加了一些内容。
SD存储卡的通信基于一个高级的9引脚接口(时钟、命令、4条数据线和3条电源线),可以在最高25MHz频率和低电压范围内工作。
通信协议也是本规范的一部分。
SD存储卡的主机接口也支持常规的多媒体卡操作。
也帱是说向前兼容多媒体卡。
实际上,SD存储卡和多媒体卡的主要区别在初始化过程。
SD存储卡规范共有几个文档,其文档结构图如图1所示。
·SD存储卡音频规范这个规范以及其他规范介绍了某些应用(这里是音频应用)的规范以及实现要湂。
·SD存储卡文件绻统规范介绍了保存在SD存储卡中的数据的文件格式结构规范(包括有保护和无保护方面)。
·SD存储卡安全规范介绍了版权保护机制以及支持的应用专用命令。
·SD存储卡物理幂规范(本规范)介绍了SD存储卡使用的物理接口和命令协议。
本规范的目的是定义SD存储卡的环境和操作。
本文档分几个部分,第三章概述了绻统的概念。
一般的SD存储卡特性在第四章介绍。
由于这里定义了卡的所有幞性,我们建议同时参考产品文档。
卡的寄存器在第五章介绍。
第六章定义了SD存储卡的硬件接口电渔参数。
第八章介绍了SD存储卡的物理和机械特性以及卡槽的最帏标准。
2.绻统特性·用于便携式和固定应用。
·电压范围:-SD存储卡:基本通讯(CMD0、CMD15、CMD55、ACMD41):2.0~3.6V。
micro SD卡 规格书
Micro-Sized Secure Digital Card1GByte, 2GByte and 4GByte主要描述MicroSD 卡是把有序和随机的存取能力高度结合的闪存卡.通过专用的串行接口有效地进行快速和可靠的数据传输.这个接口允许几种卡通过连接外部装置直接应用. 这些MicroSD 卡是完全兼容一些新的消费标准的.在MicroSD 卡的系统描述中会有MicroSD 卡系统标准的定义.MicroSD 卡系统是基于半导体技术革新上的大容量存储系统.它已经发展成为了一种应用于多媒体消费类产品廉价,结实的存储介质.MicroSD 卡适适用于那些廉价的播放器和驱动器的设计,不用移动任何一个部分.耗电量低,宽电压范围支持移动,电池电源.可用于音频播放器,万用笔记本,掌上电脑,电子书,电子百科全书,电子词典.用于非常有效的数据压缩方案.比如:MPEG 格式, MicroSD 卡将为多媒体数据的传输提供足够的容量.要特性- 容量: 128MB/256MB/512MB. - 兼容MicroSD 卡2.0版本规格 - 物理层的规范第一部分是2.0版本. (功能, 电子特性, Registers) -卡内错误自动纠正-电压传输范围: 2.7~3.6V . -耗电量较低:自动开关电源, 自动的管理电源. - 不要求额外的运行电压.-充电时插入或移除卡都不会造成毁坏l. -数据张力: 100k 写入/擦除 周期. -便于终端客户处理 - 可信赖的电子结构- 支持文本信息和图像- 面积: 11mm(W)x15mm(L). - 厚度 跨连接区7mm, 卡的厚度.95mm.- MICROSD 卡的插槽可以连接适配器用图像1. MICROSD 卡的格式Table 1. 产品清单深圳市威胜科技有限公司MICROSDTable 2. 产品明细(特征值)Parameter Range1GB 2GB 4GB记忆容量1024MB 2048MB 4096MB写入速度5MB/S 5MB/s 6MB/s读取速度10MB/S 15MB/s 15MB/s待机电流60 uA 60 uA 60 uA操作电流55mA 55 mA 55 mA平均故障间隔时间1,000,000 hours张力10,000 插入/移除周期控制器SK6612控制器明细SK6612 Data Sheet v105.pdfTable 3. 操作环境参数范围温度操作模式-25 ~ 65℃存储模式- 40 ~ 85℃湿度操作模式8% to 95%,非冷凝存储模式8% to 95%,非冷凝深圳市威胜科技有限公司MICROSD Figure 2. 物理结构图Bottom View深圳市威胜科技有限公司MICROSDTop View深圳市威胜科技有限公司MICROSD。
MEMORY存储芯片MT29F32G08CBACA中文规格书
Byte 3 Page size Spare area size (bytes) Block size (without spare) Organization
美光科技先进的产品广泛应用于移动计算机服务汽车网络安防工业消费类等领域为客户在这些多样化的终端应用提供针对性的解决方案
READ ID Parameter Tables
4Gb, 8Gb, 16Gb: x8, x16 NAND Flash Memory READ ID Parameter Tables
READ ID Parameters for Address 00h b =
Command Address tWHR
90h
00h
DOUT
DOUT
DOUT
DOUT
DOUT
Byte 0 Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Byte 4
Note: 1. See the READ ID Parameter tables for byte definitions. READ ID (90h) with 20h Address Operation
binary; h = hexadecimal
Byte 0 – Manufacturer ID Manufacturer Byte 1 – Device ID MT29F4G08ABADA MT29F4G16ABADA MT29F4G08ABBDA MT29F4G16ABBDA MT29F8G08ADBDA MT29F8G16ADBDA MT29F8G08ADADA MT29F8G16ADADA MT29F16G08AJADA Byte 2 Number of die per CE
SD卡中文数据手册
SD卡中⽂数据⼿册SD卡中⽂数据⼿册⼀概述1.SD总线模式下CLK:时钟信号CMD:双向命令和响应信号DAT0-3:双向数据信号VDD,VSS:电源和地信号SD模式下允许有⼀个主机,多个从机(即多个卡),主机可以给从机分别地址.主机发命令有些命令是发送给指定的从机,有些命令可以以⼴播形式发送.SD模式下可以选择总线宽度,即选⽤⼏根DAT信号线,可以在主机初始化后设置.2.SD总线协议SD模式下的命令和数据流都有⼀个开始位和结束位.>命令:是在CMD上传输的⽤于启动⼀个操作的⽐特流.由主机发往从机,可以是点对点也可以是⼴播的. >响应:是在CMD上传输的⽤于之前命令回答的⽐特流.由从机发往主机.>数据:是在DAT上传输的⽐特流,双向传输.⽆响应模式⽆数据模式多块读操作模式多块写操作模式命令格式响应格式数据格式SD卡上电后会⾃动初始化,通过给卡发送CMD0也可以复位卡.⼆.SD卡命令描述.1.⼴播命令:给所有卡都发送,某些命令需要响应.2.点对点命令给指定地址的卡发送,需要响应.SD卡系统有两种⼯作模式:1.卡识别模式.主机上电复位后即处于此模式,它会在总线上等待卡.卡复位后也处于此模式,直到SEND_RCA(CMD3)命令到来.2.数据传输模式.卡收到SEND_RCA(CMD3)命令后即进⼊此模式.主机识别到卡后也进⼊此模式.卡状态和⼯作模式对照表1.卡识别模式.此模式下主机复位总线所有的卡,验证⼯作电压,询问卡的地址.这个模式下所有数据的传输都是只通过CMD线来完成.1)卡的复位.当卡上电或收到GO_IDLE_STATE(CMD0)命令后,卡即进⼊Idle State状态.此时卡将其RCA设为0,相关寄存器设为传输稳定的最优模式.2)⼯作电压验证每个卡的最⾼和最低⼯作电压存储在OCR.只有当电压⽐配时,CID和CSD的数据才能正常传输给主机.SD_SEND_OP_COND(ACMD41)命令⽤来判断卡的⼯作电压是否符合,如果不符合的话,卡应该放弃总线操作,进⼊Inactive State状态.在发送SD_SEND_OP_COND(ACMD41)命令前记得要⾸先发送APP_CMD (CMD55).卡的状态变换图.ACMD41命令响应中的BUSY位也⽤于卡表⽰其还没准备好,主机此时应重发ACMD41命令,直到卡准备好.主机在这个阶段的ACMD41中不允许改变⼯作电压,如果确实想改变的话,应该先发送CMD0,然后再发送改变后的ACMD41.GO_INACTIVE_STATE(CMD15)命令⽤于使指定地址的卡进⼊Inactive State模式.3)卡识别过程.ALL_SEND_CID(CMD2)命令⽤于获取卡的CID信息,如果卡处于Ready State,它就会在CMD线上传送它的CID信息,然后进⼊Identification State模式.紧接着发送CMD3 (SEND_RELATIVE_ADDR)命令,⽤于设置卡新的地址.卡收到新的地址后进⼊Stand-by State 模式.2.数据传输模式.数据传输模式下卡的状态转变图进⼊数据传输模式后,主机先不停的发送SEND_CSD(CMD9)命令获取卡的CSD信息. SET_DSR(CMD4)⽤于设置卡的DSR寄存器,包括数据总线宽度,总线上卡的数⽬,总线频率,当设置成功后,卡的⼯作频率也随之改变.此步操作是可选的.CMD7命令⽤于使指定地址的卡进⼊传输模式,任何指定时刻只能有⼀个卡处于传输模式.传输模式下所有的数据传输都是点对点的,并且所有有地址的命令都需要有响应..所有读命令都可以由CMD12命令停⽌,之后卡进⼊Transfer State.读命令包括单块读(CMD17),多块读(CMD18),发送写保护(CMD30),发送scr(ACMD51)和读模式⼀般命令(CMD56)..所有写命令都可以由CMD12命令停⽌.写命令包括单块读(CMD24),多块读(CMD25),写CID(CMD26),写CSD(CMD27),锁和解锁命令(CMD42)和写模式⼀般命令(CMD56)..当写命令传输完成后,卡进⼊Programming State(传输成功)或Transfer State(传输失败).如果⼀个卡写操作被停⽌,但其前⾯数据的CRC和块长度正确,数据还是会被写⼊..卡要提供写缓冲,如果写缓冲已满并且卡处于Programming State,DAT0保持低BUSY. .写CID,CSD,写保护,擦除命令没有缓冲,当这些命令没完时,不应发送其他的数据传输命令..参数设置命令在卡被编程时是不允许发送的,这些命令包括设置块长度(CMD16),擦除块起始(CMD32)和擦除块结束(CMD33). .当卡正编程时读命令是禁⽌的..⽤CMD7使另⼀个卡进⼊Transfer State不会终⽌当前卡的编程和擦除,当前卡会进⼊Disconnect State并且释放DAT线..Disconnect State模式的卡可通过CMD7重新被选中,此时卡进⼊Programming State 并且使能busy信号..CMD0或CMD15会终⽌卡的编程操作,造成数据混乱,此操作应禁⽌.1)总线宽度选择命令ACMD6命令⽤于选择总线宽度,此命令只有在Transfer State有效.应在CMD7命令后使⽤.2)块读命令块是数据传输的最⼩单位,在CSD(READ_BL_LEN)中定义,SD卡为固定的512B.每个块传输的后⾯都跟着⼀个CRC校验.CMD17(READ_SINGLE_BLOCK)⽤于传输单个块,传输完之后,卡进⼊Transfer State.CMD18(READ_MULTIPLE_BLOCK)⽤于多个块的传输,直到收到⼀个CMD12命令.3)块写命令与块读命令类似,每个块传输的后⾯都跟着⼀个CRC校验.卡写数据时会进⾏CRC校验.多块写⽐重复的单块写更能提⾼效率.如果CSD中的WRITE_BLK_MISALIGN没设置,并且发送的数据不是块对齐的,卡会设置状态寄存器中的ADDRESS_ERROR 位,并且进⼊Receive-data-State状态等待停⽌命令.此时写操作也会停⽌,并且卡会设置其的WP_VIOLATION位.如果写缓冲满的话,卡会停⽌接受WRITE_BLOCK命令.此时主机应发送SEND_STATUS (CMD13)命令,卡返回数据的READY_FOR_DATA位标志卡是否准备好接受新的数据.在多块写操作中通过事先发送ACMD23命令可提⾼写速度.ACMD23⽤于定义接下来要写数据的块的数⽬.每次多块写操作后,这个值⼜被设为默认的1.ACMD22会使卡返回写成功的块数⽬.4)擦除命令擦除命令的顺序是:ERASE_WR_BLK_START(CMD32),ERASE_WR_BLK_END(CMD33)and ERASE (CMD38).如果(CMD38或(CMD32,33)接收到出错信息,卡会设置状态寄存器中的ERASE_SEQ_ERROR 位并且重新等待新的命令时序.如果接收到时序错误命令,卡会设置其ERASE_RESET位并且重新等待新的命令时序.5)写保护管理三种机制:-.写保护物理开关-.卡内部写保护通过设置CSD中的WP_GRP_ENABLE位和WP_GRP_SIZE位,SET_WRITE_PROT和CLR_WRITE_PROT命令⽤来设置和清除保护机制.-.密码保护.三.时钟控制如果主机要发送1K的数据,但是主机缓冲区只有512B,那么主机可以在发送完前512B 后,可以先停⽌时钟,然后把后512B填充⼊缓冲区,再启动时钟,这样卡并不会检测要两次发送之间的间隔,认为其是⼀次完整的数据发送过程.四CRC校验1.CRC7CRC7⽤于所有的命令,除R3以外的响应,以及CID和CSD寄存器.2.CRC16CRC16⽤于数据块的校验五.错误类型.1.CRC错误和命令⾮法错误命令的CRC校验出错,卡设置其状态寄存器的COM_CRC_ERROR位.⾮法命令错误,卡设置其状态寄存器的ILLEGAL_COMMAND位.⾮法命令包括:不⽀持的命令,未定义的命令以及当前状态不⽀持的命令.2.读,写和擦除超时.卡应该在指定的时间内完成⼀个命令或返回移动的错误信息.如果在指定的超时时间内主机收不到响应,应认为卡停⽌⼯作,应重新复位卡.六命令1.命令类型:-bc不需要响应的⼴播命令.-bcr需要响应的⼴播命令.每个卡都会独⽴的接收命令和发送响应.-ac点对点命令,DAT线上没数据-adtc点对点命令,DAT线上有数据所有命令均遵守上图中的格式,总共48位.⾸先是1个起始位0,接着是1个⽅向位(主机发送位1),6个命令位(0-63),32位参数(有些命令需要),CRC7位校验,1个停⽌位. 2.卡命令根据不同的类型分成了不同的Class,见下表,其中Class0,2,4,5,8是每个卡都必须⽀持的命令,不同的卡所⽀持的命令保存在CSD中.3.命令详细描述1)基本命令Class02)读命令Class23)写命令Class43)擦除命令Class54)应⽤特定命令Class8下表中的所有命令使⽤前都应先跟⼀个APP_CMD(CMD55)命令七.卡状态转换表⼋.应答.所有的应答都是通过CMD发送,不同的应答长度可能不同.总共有四种类型的应答.1.R1:长度位48位.注意每个块传输完成后有⼀个BUSY位.2.R1b:与R1类似,只是将BUSY位加⼊响应中.3.R2(CID CSD寄存器):长度为136位,CID为CMD2和CMD10的应答,CSD为CMD9的应答.4.R3(OCR寄存器):长度位48位.作为ACMD41的应答.5.R6(RCA地址应答):长度为48位九.卡的状态SD卡⽀持两种状态:-卡状态:与MMC卡兼容.-SD卡状态:扩充到了512位.1.卡状态:R1应答包含⼀个32位的卡状态.见下表.其中Type中的含义为:E:错误位.S:状态位.R:根据命令在响应中设置.X:根据在命令执⾏期间设置,必须再次读此位才能获得命令执⾏后的情况.Clear Condition:A:与卡的当前状态有关B:总是与命令有关,⽆效的命令会清除此位.C:通过读此位来清除下表指明了哪些命令可能使哪些位产⽣变化这些位通过DAT线传输,并伴有CRC16校验.其是作为ACMD13的应答.⼗.卡存储器形式.-块:块是基本读写命令的单位,它可以是固定的或可变的.关于块的⼤⼩以及其是否可变性存储在CSD中.-扇区:扇区是擦除命令的单位,它是固定的值,保存在CSD中.⼗⼀.时序图时序图中字母含义:1.命令和应答1)卡识别和卡⼯作电压确认模式:CMD2,ACMD412)地址分配模式:CMD33)数据传输模式:4)命令结束->下⼀个命令:5)两个命令直接2.数据读.1)单块读:CMD172)多块读:读过程时序.停⽌命令时序3.数据写1)单块写:注意Busy信号.2)多块写:多块写命令时序停⽌命令时序卡主动停⽌时的时序4.时序值。
GOODRAM 商业 3D TLC microSD 产品数据手册说明书
GOODRAM Commercial microSD Memory Card3D TLC typeDATASHEETVersion: 1.0Date: February 2020microSD Card for Industrial ApplicationsWilk Elektronik S.A.Mikołowska 4243-173 Łaziska Górne, PolandTel.: +48 32 736 90 00, Fax.: +48 32 736 90 01 E-mail:*****************All rights are strictly reserved. Any portion of this paper shall not be reproduced, copied or translated to any other forms without permission from Wilk Elektronik S.A.This document is subject to change without any notice.Please contact your Wilk Elektronik S.A. sales representative for details as to environmental matters such as the RoHS compatibility of Product. Please use Product in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations that regulate the inclusion or use of controlled substances, including without limitation, the EU RoHS Directive. Wilk Elektronik S.A. assumes no liability for damages or losses occurring as a result of noncompliance with applicable laws andregulations.REVISION HISTORYTABLE OF CONTENTSREVISION HISTORY (3)PRODUCT OVERVIEW (5)PRODUCT DETAILS (6)GENERAL DESCRIPTION (6)PIN ASSIGNMENT MICROSD CARD (6)FLASH MANAGEMENT (7)ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (8)PRODUCT ORDERING INFORMATION (9)PHYSICAL DIMENSION (9)STANDARDS & REFERENCES (10)SAFETY PRECAUTIONS (10)NOTES ON USAGE (11)PRODUCT OVERVIEWNotes:1.According to IEC-60068-2-1/2/14/38 standard.PRODUCT DETAILSGENERAL DESCRIPTIONThe Micro Secure Digital (microSD) card is fully compliant to the specification released by SD Card Association. The Command List supports [Part 1 Physical Layer Specification Ver6.1 Final] definitions. Card Capacity of Non-secure Area, Secure Area Supports [Part 3 Security Specification Ver4.0 Final] Specifications.The microSD card is based on 8-pin interface, designed to operate at a maximum operating frequency of 208MHz. It can alternate communication protocol between the SD mode and SPI mode. It performs data error detection and correction with very low power consumption.PIN ASSIGNMENT MICROSD CARDFLASH MANAGEMENTGOODRAM microSD card utilizes all the state of art technologies to ensure full reliability until the specified NAND Flash program/erase cycles parameter is reached. These technologies include but are not limited to:Error Correction Code (ECC)Flash memory cells will deteriorate with use, which may generate random bit errors in the stored data. To ensure the highest reliability, GOODRAM microSD card applies the BCH ECC Algorithm, which can detect and correct errors that occur during read process, to ensure data is read correctly, as well as protected from corruption.Wear LevellingStorage devices based on NAND flash memory, can only undergo a limited number of program/erase cycles, and due to various usage scenarios, data may not be distributed evenly between NAND flash chips. If a certain area gets updated more frequently than others, the lifetime of the device will be reduced significantly. Wear Leveling algorithm used in GOODRAM microSD cards is used to extend the lifespan of NAND Flash by evenly distributing write and erase cycles across the whole storage area. Moreover, by utilizing both dynamic and static Wear Leveling algorithms, the life expectancy of GOODRAM microSD cards can meet the listed specification.Bad Block ManagementBad blocks are blocks that include one or more invalid bits, and their reliability is not guaranteed.Blocks that are identified and marked as bad by the manufacturer are referred to as “Initial Bad Blocks”. Bad blocks that are developed during the lifespan of the flash are named “Later Bad Blocks”.GOODRAM microSD card uses an efficient bad block management algorithm to detect all types of bad blocks, which further prevents data being stored into them and improves the data reliability.COMPARING SD3.0, SDHC AND SDXCELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONSNote:1.Performance may vary from flash configuration and platform.2.The table above is for your reference only. The criteria for mass production and for acceptinggoods shall be discussed based on different flash configuration.Temperature specificationPRODUCT ORDERING INFORMATIONPHYSICAL DIMENSIONDimensions: 15mm (L) * 11mm (W) * 1mm (H)STANDARDS & REFERENCESThe following table is to list out the standards that have been adopted for designing the product.SAFETY PRECAUTIONSDo not bend, crush, drop, or place heavy objects on top of the Product. Do not use tweezers, pliers or similar items that could damage the Product. Take particular care when inserting or removing the Product. Stop using the Product when the Product does not work properly. Failure to follow these instructions could result in fire, damage to the Product and/or other property, and/or personal injury including burns and electric shock.Keep out of reach of small children. Accidental swallowing may cause suffocation or injury. Contact a doctor immediately if you suspect a child has swallowed the Product.Do not directly touch the interface pins, put them in contact with metal, strike them with hard objects or cause them to short. Do not expose to static electricity.Do not disassemble or modify the Product. This may cause electric shock, damage to the Product or fire.GOODRAM Commercial 3D TLC microSDNOTES ON USAGEThe Product contains nonvolatile semiconductor memory. Do not use the Product in accordance witha method of usage other than that written in the manual. This may cause the destruction or loss of data.To protect against accidental data loss, you should back up your data frequently on more than one type of storage media. Wilk Elektronik S.A. assumes no liability for destruction or loss of data recorded on the Card for any reason.When used over a long period of time or repeatedly, the reading, writing and deleting capabilities of the Product will eventually fail, and the performance speed of the Product may decrease below the original speed specific to the Product's applicable class.If the Product is to be transferred or destroyed, note that the data it contained may still be recoverable unless it is permanently deleted by third-party deletion software or similar means beforehand.Product is intended for use in general electronics applications and selected industrial applications and any other specific applications as expressly stated in this document. Product is neither intended nor warranted for use in equipment or systems where failure may cause loss of human life, bodily injury, serious property damage or serious public impact (“Unintended Use”). Unintended Use includes, without limitation, equipment used in nuclear facilities, equipment used in the aerospace industry, medical equipment or equipment used to control combustions or explosions. Do not use Product for Unintended Use unless specifically permitted in this document.No parts of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, mechanical, electric, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission of Wilk Elektronik S.A.Wilk Elektronik S.A does not make any warranty, express or implied, with respect to this document, including as to licensing, Non-infringement, merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.11。
micro SD卡 规格书
Micro-Sized Secure Digital Card1GByte, 2GByte and 4GByte主要描述MicroSD 卡是把有序和随机的存取能力高度结合的闪存卡.通过专用的串行接口有效地进行快速和可靠的数据传输.这个接口允许几种卡通过连接外部装置直接应用. 这些MicroSD 卡是完全兼容一些新的消费标准的.在MicroSD 卡的系统描述中会有MicroSD 卡系统标准的定义.MicroSD 卡系统是基于半导体技术革新上的大容量存储系统.它已经发展成为了一种应用于多媒体消费类产品廉价,结实的存储介质.MicroSD 卡适适用于那些廉价的播放器和驱动器的设计,不用移动任何一个部分.耗电量低,宽电压范围支持移动,电池电源.可用于音频播放器,万用笔记本,掌上电脑,电子书,电子百科全书,电子词典.用于非常有效的数据压缩方案.比如:MPEG 格式, MicroSD 卡将为多媒体数据的传输提供足够的容量.要特性- 容量: 128MB/256MB/512MB. - 兼容MicroSD 卡2.0版本规格 - 物理层的规范第一部分是2.0版本. (功能, 电子特性, Registers) -卡内错误自动纠正-电压传输范围: 2.7~3.6V . -耗电量较低:自动开关电源, 自动的管理电源. - 不要求额外的运行电压.-充电时插入或移除卡都不会造成毁坏l. -数据张力: 100k 写入/擦除 周期. -便于终端客户处理 - 可信赖的电子结构- 支持文本信息和图像- 面积: 11mm(W)x15mm(L). - 厚度 跨连接区7mm, 卡的厚度.95mm.- MICROSD 卡的插槽可以连接适配器用图像1. MICROSD 卡的格式Table 1. 产品清单深圳市威胜科技有限公司MICROSDTable 2. 产品明细(特征值)Parameter Range1GB 2GB 4GB记忆容量1024MB 2048MB 4096MB写入速度5MB/S 5MB/s 6MB/s读取速度10MB/S 15MB/s 15MB/s待机电流60 uA 60 uA 60 uA操作电流55mA 55 mA 55 mA平均故障间隔时间1,000,000 hours张力10,000 插入/移除周期控制器SK6612控制器明细SK6612 Data Sheet v105.pdfTable 3. 操作环境参数范围温度操作模式-25 ~ 65℃存储模式- 40 ~ 85℃湿度操作模式8% to 95%,非冷凝存储模式8% to 95%,非冷凝深圳市威胜科技有限公司MICROSD Figure 2. 物理结构图Bottom View深圳市威胜科技有限公司MICROSDTop View深圳市威胜科技有限公司MICROSD。
Kodak数字相机内存卡(CompactFlash)卡技术信息简报说明书
Tib4382l March 2003Kodak Digital Camera Memory (CompactFlash) CardsGeneralMemory cards used in digital cameras are small removable/reusable mass storage devices that serve as a repository for pictures in your camera much like film in a 35-mm camera. SanDisk Corporation first introduced the CompactFlash (CF) card in 1994. The Kodak CompactFlash card (formerly known as the Kodak Picture Card) was formatted to work specifically with Kodak digital cameras. You can, however, format any memory card with the CF logo to work in your camera.Dimensions: Size is 1.7 in. (43 mm) x 1.4 in. (36 mm) x 0.13 in. (3.3 mm) regardless of capacity.Design: Solid state (contains no moving parts). Provides greater protection for your pictures than conventional magnetic disk drives.Capacity: CF cards available from 2 MB up to 256 MB. The number of pictures stored per megabyte (MB) varies by camera vendor and by model number. Each camera may or may not use compression before it stores the picture on the card. Refer to your camera’s User’s Guide for details.Power requirements: None. The cards are designed with flash technology, which allows you to store pictures indefinitely without the need for a power source.Sensitivity: CF cards can withstand extremely rapid increases/decreases in temperature and can tolerate an extended operating temperature range of -13º F (-25º C) to +167º F (+75º C).Shock resistance: CF cards have a shock rating of 2,000 Gs, which is equivalent to a 10-ft drop.Reliability: Pictures on the card are protected by built-in dynamic defect management and error correction technologies. Essentially, you can store pictures on a CF card for more than 100 years with no loss or deterioration of the images. Formatting the Memory CardNew Kodak CF cards are formatted at the factory and do not need to be formatted before using them in your camera for the first time. Non-Kodak brand cards, however, must be formatted before using them for the first time. Existing cards that have become corrupt will also need to be formatted.Note: Formatting an existing CF card erases all images and information from the card. Verify that all data on the existing card has been transferred to your computer before you format it.There are three ways to format a CF card:•In the camera.•In a memory card reader-writer.•With or without a card adapter in a PCMCIA card reader connected to a computer.Using the CameraThere is only one correct way to insert a CF card in your camera. Check your camera’s User’s Guide for proper positioning. Forcing the card may damage your camera.To insert the CF card:1.Open the memory card door. Typically, it is located at the side or the bottom of the camera.2.Hold the CF card by the lip so that the connection end is pointed at the camera.3.Slide the card all the way into the card slot and close the door.To format the CF card in your camera, refer to your camera’s User’s Guide.Using a Memory Card Reader-WriterRemove the memory card from the camera and insert it into the applicable slot on the card reader-writer. Double-click the My Computer icon on the desktop, look for the removable drive and note the drive letter. Follow the instructions in the manufacturer’s User’s Guide.Using a PCMCIA Slot with an Adapter•Place the CF card in a card adapter and insert the adapter into the computer’s PCMCIA slot.•Double-click the My Computer icon on the desktop.•Using My Computer, identify the memory card drive letter.•Left-click the CompactFlash card icon to highlight it and then right-click it.•On the pop-up menu select Format. The Format-Removable Disk (x) screen displays.•Select Full format.•Click Start. The Format Results-Removable Drive (x:) screen displays.•Click Close.•Perform a “health check” of the card using a program such as ScanDisk. To do this, go to Start/Programs/ Accessories/System Tools/ScanDisk. Then, select the memory card drive letter.Formatting a Corrupt Memory CardIf you can't access the memory card from the camera or the card reader, and it has worked in the past, reformat the card in a memory card reader. Remember that formatting a CF card erases all existing data on the card. Make sure you transfer whatever data is on the card to your computer before you format it.1.Go to My Computer.2.Go to the card reader’s removable drive and right-click on the drive letter.3.From the menu, select Format/Full Format.Note: Formatting the card eliminates corrupted pictures on the card. After formatting the card, try it again or try it in another camera or card reader. If re-formatting the card does not solve the problem, the card itself may be damaged and you may need to replace the card.Deleting Pictures from a Memory CardAll or selected pictures can be deleted from yur memory card. Because the process varies based on the individual camera, refer to your camera’s User’s Guide for instructions.Kodak is a trademark of Eastman Kodak Company.。
TF卡的说明书
内存卡的使用说明SanDisk闪迪microSDHC 手机存储卡是最时尚、最优质的音乐、视频、照片、游戏、文件和应用程序的手机存储卡片,只需将卡片轻轻插入手机匹配的卡槽,即可实现完美存储,即方便又可靠!想要不受约束的畅想手机娱乐、不受拘束的添加手机应用、不受存储容量的限制地玩转手机游戏世界、请选择SanDisk闪迪microSDHC 手机存储卡。
想要运用手机存储尽可能多的高像素精致图片、高清视频以及完美音质歌曲的多媒体手机用户,请选择SanDisk闪迪microSDHC 手机存储卡。
SanDisk闪迪microSDHC 手机存储卡特点:1. 兼容性强microSDHC卡拥有稳定的读写速度和表现2. Class4速度等级评定(基于SD2.0标准)3. 通过了最极端的环境条件测试4. 5年质保* 1 gigabyte (GB) = 10 亿字节。
有些容量不适用于数据存储品牌简介闪迪是全球领先的闪存品牌。
SanDisk于1988年由Eli Harari博士创立,是一家国际认可的非易失性内存技术权威机构,现已发展成为全球规模极大地创新闪存数据存储产品提供商。
闪迪是闪存卡的创造者,是USB闪存盘领域的先锋。
1995年11月,SanDisk成为了一家公开上市的公司,其纳斯达克股票代码为SNDK。
在2007年9月,闪迪在中国上海建立了第一个自有工厂。
领先产品:存储卡:在手机存储卡市场,闪迪是美国市场的第一大品牌,是欧洲市场的领导者,也是俄罗斯和日本市场的领先品牌。
闪迪是全球数码相机及摄像机存储卡市场的领导者,我们高性能的闪迪Ultra和闪迪Extreme系列产品经常赢得业界奖项。
USB闪存盘:闪迪是全球USB闪存盘市场的领先品牌;亦为USB闪存盘产品的先锋。
目前销售的USB闪存盘为闪迪Ultra Backup及Cruzer系列.知识产权:SanDisk目前拥有超过1700个美国专利,超过1100个国外专利,以及超过1100个正在申请的美国专利,SanDisk是全球唯一一家有权制造和销售所有闪存卡格式的企业,包括CompactFlash、SD、miniSD、microSD、Multi Media(RS—MMC)、Memory Stick PRO以及相关的Memory Stick产品、XD-Picture Card 和USB闪存盘。
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ESD
Air Discharge
Above ± 15KV
Coupling Plane Discharge Above ± 8KV
Vibration
Operating Storage
15G peak-to-peak max. 15G peak-to-peak max.
Shock
1000G max.
Program/Erase cycles
and is therefore compatible for all cards.
3) *: Host side should pull up these signals with 10-100k ohm resistance in the SPI Mode
4) **: the pins should be left open
PIN NO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
NAME
CS DI VSS1 VDD SCLK VSS2 DO
SPI Mode
TYPE
I I S S I S O/PP
DESCRIPTION
Chip select (Negative true) DATA IN Supply voltage ground Supply voltage Clock Supply voltage ground DATA OUT
to this line:
ǂ CL = CHOST + CBUS + *CCARD
where N is the number of connected cards. Requiring the sum of the host and bus capacitances not to
exceed 30 pF for up to 10 cards, and 40 pF for up to 30 cards, the following values must not be
Approval sheet
SD Memory Card
Version 1.2
SHENZHEN CHENGE TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.
Copyright © 2009 SHENZHEN CHENGE TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD All rights reserved 1
SD memory card feature
Bus signal line capacitance
CL
ʳ
100
pF fPP < 20 MHz, 7 cards
Single card capacitance
CCARD
ʳ
10
pF
ʳ
Maximum signal line inductance
ʳ
16
nH fPP < 20 MHz
5
Pull-up resistance inside card
The total capacitance CL the CLK line of the miniSD Memory Card bus is the sum of the bus master
capacitance CHOST, the bus capacitance CBUS itself and the capacitance CCARD of each card connected
Maximum Durable Condition
Operating Temperature
Storage
ć ć -25 ~ 85 ć ć -40 ~ 85
Humidity
Operating Storage
ć25 /95 % relative humidity ć40 /93 % relative humidity / 500h
100K Cycles
Note: 1) “This table shows the maximum range which can operate in some condition. However, KONLIN DOES NOT
mean that products should operate this condition for a long time.
Power on detection
Memory core interface
Memory core
!
4
Power Supply Voltage
(Operation Condition)
Parameter
Symbol Min.
Max. Unit
Remark
Supply voltage 1
VDDʳ
2.0
ACMD41 have a wide operating voltage range
2) “Supply voltage 2” means SD card under normal operating status. The normal operating voltage range is written
Logical Format SD Files System Specification Ver.1.0 Compliant
ID, MKB Programmed (CHENGE Specific)
Mechanical Write Protect Switch
A mechanical sliding tablet on the side of the card can use for write protect switch. The host system shall be responsible for this function. The card is in a “Write Protected” status when the tablet is located on the “Lock position. The host system will not write nor format the card in this status. The card is in a “Write Enabled” status when the tablet is moved to the opposite position (Un-Lock). (Please refer the figures below for the tablet polarity.)
Design
CHENGE Standard
Contents
None (OEM Design Available)
SD Specification SD Memory Card Specifications Ver.1.10 Compliant
Security Functions
SD Security Specification Ver.1.10 Compliant (CPRM Based) *CPRM: Contents Protection for Recording Media Specification
3.6
V Please see:1)
Supply voltage 2
VDDʳ
2.7
3.6
V Please see:2)
Supply voltage differentials
VSS1, VSS2ʳ
-0.3
0.3
Vʳ
Power up time
ʳ
ʳ
250
ms From 0v to VDD min
Note: 1) “Supply voltage 1” means SD card under card initial status. This status allows that VDD & command: CMD0, 15, 55,
Max.
Clock CLK (All values are referred to min (VIH) and max (VIL)
connected separately to the SD Memory Card host.
SD Memory Card Hardware interface
SD Card interface
Timing waveform
6
AC characteristics
Parameter
Symbol Min.
2
SD memory pin assignment
Waterproof Product
SD memory card pins definition
PIN NO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
ME
CD/DAT3 CMD VSS1 VDD CLK VSS2 DAT0 DAT1 DAT2
SD Mode
RDAT3
10
(pin1)
May be used for card
90
KΩ
Detection
Note: That the total capacitance of CMD and DAT lines will be consist of CHOST, CBUS and one CCARD only since they are
ʳ
ʳ
10
µA
Un-initial current
1
mA
Stand by current <initial>
300
uA
Operating Current
ICC1
ʳ
20
35
mA
Output HIGH voltage
VOH
0.75* VDD
V
Output LOW voltage