民事判决书翻译常用词汇归纳

法律英语翻译常用专业词汇

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律师部分:案件受理费 court acceptance fee案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case案由 cause of action案子 case包揽诉讼 monopolize lawsuits被告 defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件)被上诉人 appellee被诉人 respondent; defendant本案律师 counsel prohac vice本地律师 local counsel毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate辩护词 defense; pleadings辩护律师 defense lawyer辩护要点 point of defense辩护意见 submission财产租赁 property tenancy裁定书 order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）裁决书 award（用于仲裁）裁决书 verdict（用于陪审团）采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence草拟股权转让协议 drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests查阅法条 source legal provisions产权转让 conveyancing出差 go on errand; go on a business trip出国深造 further study abroad出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion出示的证据 exhibit出庭 appear in court传票 summons; subpoena答辩状 answer; reply代理词 representation代理房地产买卖与转让 agency for sale and transfer of real estate代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记 agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations代理仲裁 agency for arbitration代写文书 drafting of legal instruments待决案件 pending case当事人陈述 statement of the parties第三人 third party吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license调查笔录 investigative record调查取证 investigation and gathering for evidence 调解 mediation调解书 mediation二审案件 case of trial of second instance发送电子邮件 send e-mail法律顾问 legal consultants法律意见书 legal opinions法律援助 legal aid法律咨询 legal counseling法庭 division; tribunal法学博士学位 LL.D (Doctor of Laws)法学会 law society法学课程 legal courses法学硕士学位 LL.M (Master of Laws)法学系 faculty of law; department of law法学学士学位 LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)J.D ( juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士)法学院 law school法院公告 court announcement反诉状 counterclaim房地产律师 real estate lawyer; real property lawyer 非合伙律师 associate lawyer非诉讼业务 non-litigation practice高级合伙人 senior partner高级律师 senior lawyer各类协议和合同 agreements and contracts公安局 Public Security Bureau公司上市 company listing公诉案件 public-prosecuting case公证书 notarial certificate国办律师事务所 state-run law office国际贸易 international trade国际诉讼 international litigation国内诉讼 domestic litigation合伙律师 partner lawyer合伙制律师事务所 law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice 合同审查、草拟、修改 contract review, drafting and revision会见当事人 interview a client会见犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect兼职律师 part-time lawyer监狱 prison; jail鉴定结论 expert conclusion缴纳会费 membership dues举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi决定书 decision勘验笔录 record of request看守所 detention house抗诉书 protest控告人 accuser; complainant跨国诉讼 transnational litigation劳动争议 labor disputes劳动争议仲裁委员会 arbitration committee for labor disputes劳改场 reform-through-labor farm; prison farm利害关系人 interested party; party in interest律管处处长 director of lawyer control department律师 lawyer attorney; attorney at law律师惩戒 lawyer discipline律师法 Lawyer Law律师费 lawyer fee律师函lawyer’s letter律师见证 lawyer attestation/authentication律师见证书 lawyer certification/authentication/witness律师卷宗lawyer’s docile; file律师刊物lawyer’s journal律师联系电话 contact phone number of a lawyer律师事务所 law office; law firm律师收费 billing by lawyer律师网站 lawyer website律师协会 National Bar (Lawyer) Association律师协会会员 member of Lawyer Association律师协会秘书长 secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association 律师协会章程 Articles of Lawyer Assocition律师业务室lawyer’s office律师执业证 lawyer license律师助理 assistant lawyer律师资格考试 bar exam; lawyer qualification exam律师资格证 lawyer qualification certificate民事案件 civil case民事调解 civil mediation民事诉讼 civil litigation派出所 local police station; police substation判决 judgement(用于民事、行政案件);determination(用于终审);sentence(用于刑事案);verdict(由陪审团作出)旁证 circumstantial evidence企业章程 articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw 企业重组 corporate restructure起诉状 information; indictment取消律师资格 disbar全国律师代表大会 National Lawyer Congress缺席宣判 pronounce judgement or determination by default人民法院People’s Court人民检察院People’s Procuratorate认定事实 determine facts上诉案件 case of trial of second instance; appellate case上诉人 appellant上诉状 petition for appeal涉外律师 lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters 申请复议 administrative reconsideration petition申请加入律师协会 application for admission to Law Association 申请人 petitioner; claimant申诉案件 appeal case申诉人（仲裁） claimant; plaintiff申诉书 appeal for revision, petition for revision实习律师 apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period实习律师证 certificate of apprentice lawyer视听证据 audio-visual reference material适用法律 apply law to facts受害人 victim书证 documentary evidence司法部 Ministry of Justice司法建议书 judicial advise司法局 Judicial Bureau司法局副局长 deputy director of Judicial Bureau司法局局长 director of Judicial Bureau司法统一考试 uniform judicial exam送达 service of process诉讼 litigation; action; lawsuit诉讼当事人 litigation party; litigious party诉讼业务 litigation practice诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim 推销法律服务 promote/market legal service外国律师事务所 foreign law office委托代理合同 authorized representation contract委托代理人 agent ad litem; entrusted agent委托授权书 power of attorney物证 material evidence嫌疑人 criminal suspect项目融资 project financing项目谈判 project negotiating刑事案件 criminal case刑事诉讼 criminal litigation行政诉讼 administrative litigation休庭 adjourn the court; recess宣判 pronounce judgement; determination宣誓书 affidavit业务进修 attendance in advanced studies一审案件 case of trial of first instance与国外律师事务所交流 communicate with foreign law firms原告 plaintiff证券律师 securities lawyer证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit执行笔录 execution record执业登记 registration for practice执业范围 scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area 执业申请 practice application执业证年检 annual inspection of lawyer license仲裁 arbitration仲裁案件 arbitration case仲裁机构 arbitration agency专门律师 specialized lawyer专职律师 professional lawyer; full-time lawyer撰写法律文章 write legal thesis资信调查 credit standing investigation自诉案件 private prosecuting case二、诉讼法律案件 case案件发回 remand/rimit a case (to a low court)案件名称 title of a case案卷材料 materials in the case案情陈述书 statement of case案外人 person other than involved in the case案值 total value involved in the case败诉方 losing party办案人员 personnel handling a case保全措施申请书 application for protective measures报案 report a case (to security authorities)被告 defendant; the accused被告人最后陈述 final statement of the accused被告向原告第二次答辩 rejoinder被害人 victim被害人的诉讼代理人victim’s agent ad litem被上诉人 respondent; the appellee被申请人 respondent被申请执行人 party against whom execution is filed被执行人 person subject to enforcement本诉 principal action必要共同诉讼人 party in necessary co-litigation变通管辖 jurisdiction by accord辩护 defense辩护律师 defense attorney/lawyer辩护人 defender辩护证据 exculpatory evidence; defense evidence辩论阶段 stage of court debate驳回反诉 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回请求 deny/dismiss a motion驳回上诉、维持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling 驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit驳回通知书 notice of dismissal驳回自诉 dismiss/reject a private prosecution驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case补充答辩 supplementary answer补充判决 supplementary judgement补充侦查 supplementary investigation不公开审理 trial in camera不立案决定书 written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书 written decision of disapproving an arrest不起诉 nol pros不予受理起诉通知书 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court财产保全申请书 application for attachment; application for property preservation裁定 order; determination (指最终裁定)裁定管辖 jurisdiction by order裁定书 order; ruling裁决书 award采信的证据 admitted evidence查封 seal up撤回上诉 withdraw appeal撤诉 withdraw a lawsuit撤销立案 revoke a case placed on file撤销原判，发回重审 rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial出示的证据 exhibit除权判决 invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)传唤 summon; call传闻证据 hearsay答辩 answer; reply答辩陈述书 statement of defence答辩状 answer; reply大法官 associate justices; justice大检察官 deputy chief procurator代理控告 agency for accusation代理申诉 agency for appeal代理审判员 acting judge代为申请取保候审 agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving弹劾式诉讼 accusatory procedure当事人陈述 statement of the parties当庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court地区管辖 territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院 inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate第三人 third party调查笔录 record of investigation定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date定罪证据 incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence冻结 freeze督促程序 procedure of supervision and urge独任庭 sole-judge bench独任仲裁员 sole arbitrator对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施 compulsory measures against impairment of civil action对席判决 judgement inter parties二审 trial of second instance二审案件 case of trial of second insurance罚款 impose a fine法定证据 statutory legal evidence法定证据制度 system of legal evidence法官 judges法警 bailiff; court police法律文书 legal instruments/papers法律援助 legal aid法律咨询 legal consulting法庭辩论 court debate法庭调查 court investigation法庭审理笔录 court record法庭审理方式 mode of court trial法庭庭长 chief judge of a tribunal法院 court法院公告 court announcement反诉 counterclaim反诉答辩状 answer with counterclaim反诉状 counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告 defendant of collateral civil action复查 reexamination; recheck复验 reinspect高级法官 senior judge高级检察官 senior procurator高级人民法院 Higher People’s Court告诉案件 case of complaint告诉才处理的案件 case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭 complaint and petition division工读学校 work-study school for delinquent children公安部 Ministry of Public Security公安分局 public security sub-bureau公安厅 public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government公开审理 trial in public公开审判制度 open trial system公示催告程序 procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉案件 public-prosecuting case公诉词 statement of public prosecution公证机关 public notary office共同管辖 concurrent jurisdiction管辖 jurisdiction国际司法协助 international judicial assistance海事法院 maritime court合议庭 collegial panel合议庭评议笔录 record of deliberating by the collegiate bench和解 composition; compromise核对诉讼当事人身份 check identity of litigious parties恢复执行 resumption of execution回避 withdrawal混合式诉讼 mixed action基层人民法院basic People’s Court羁押期限 term in custody级别管辖 subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels 监视居住 living at home under surveillance监狱 prison检察官 procurator检察权 prosecutorial power检察委员会 procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院 procuratorate检察院派出机构 outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序 summary procedure鉴定结论 expert conclusion经济审判庭 economic tribunal径行判决 direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice 纠问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings拘传 summon by force; summon by warrant拘留所 detention house举报 information/report of an offence举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi决定书 decision军事法院 military procuratorate开庭审理 open a court session开庭通知 notice of court session勘验笔录 record of inquest看守所 detention house可执行财产 executable property控告式诉讼 accusatory proceedings控诉证据 incriminating evidence控诉职能 accusation function扣押 distrain on; attachment扣押物 distress/distraint宽限期 period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书 petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场 reform-through-labor farm劳教所 reeducation-through-labor office类推判决的核准程序 procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence 累积证据 cumulative evidence立案报告 place a case on file立案管辖 functional jurisdiction立案决定书 written decision of case-filing立案侦查 report of placing a case on file利害关系人 interested party临时裁决书 interim award律师见证书lawyer’s written attestation; lawyer’s written authentication律师事务所 law office; law firm律师提前介入 prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分 exemption from criminal penalty民事案件 civil case民事审判庭 civil tribunal民事诉讼 civil action民事诉讼法 Civil Procedural Law扭送 seize and deliver a suspect to the police派出法庭 detached tribunal派出所 police station判决 judgement; determination判决书 judgement; determination; verdict (指陪审团作出的)旁证 circumstantial evidence陪审员 juror批准逮捕 approval of arrest破案 clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case破产 bankruptcy; insolvency普通程序 general/ordinary procedure普通管辖 general jurisdiction企业法人破产还债程序 procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation 起诉 filing of a lawsuit起诉 sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings起诉状 indictment; information区县检察院grassroots People’s Procuratorate取保候审 the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving缺席判决 default judgement人民调解委员会People’s Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件 cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity上诉 appeal上诉人 appellant上诉状 petition for appeal少管所 juvenile prison社会治安综合治理 comprehensive treatment of social security涉外案件 cases involving foreign interests涉外民事诉讼 foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼 foreign criminal proceedings申请人 applicant; petitioner申请书 petition; application for arbitration申请执行人 execution applicant申诉人宣誓书claimant’s affidavit of authenticity申诉书 appeal for revision; petition for revision神示证据制度 system of divinity evidence神示制度 ordeal system审查案件 case review审查并决定逮捕 examine and decide arrest审查起诉阶段 stage of review and prosecution审理通知书 notice of hearing审判长 presiding judge审判长宣布开庭 presiding judge announce court in session 审判管辖 adjudgement/trial jurisdiction审判监督程序 procedure for trial supervision审判委员会 judicial committee审判员 judge审问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings生效判决裁定 legally effective judgement/order胜诉方 winning party省市自治区检察院higher People’s Procuratorate失踪和死亡宣告 declaration of disappearance and death实（质）体证据 substantial evidence实物证据 tangible evidence实在证据 real evidence示意证据 demonstrative evidence视听证据 audio-visual evidence收容所 collecting post; safe retreat首席大法官 chief justice首席检察官 chief procurator受害人的近亲属victim’s immediate family受理 acceptance受理刑事案件审批表 registration form of acceptance of criminal case 受送达人 the addressee书记员 court clerk书记员宣读法庭纪律 court clerk reads court rules书证 documentary evidence司法部 Ministry of Justice司法机关 judicial organizatons司法警察 judicial police司法局 judicial bureau司法厅 judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government司法协助 judicial assistance死缓的复核 judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve死刑复核程序 procedure for judicial review of death sentence死刑复核权 competence for judicial review of death sentence送达 service of process送达传票 service of summons/subpoena送达诉状 service of bill of complaint搜查 search诉 sue; suit; action; lawsuit诉前财产保全 property attachment prior to lawsuit诉讼 litigation; lawsuit; sue; action诉讼保全 attachment诉讼参加人 litigious participants诉讼代理人 agent ad litem诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim特别程序 special procedures提起公诉 institute a public prosecution铁路法院 railway court铁路检察院 railroad transport procuratorate庭审程序 procedure of court trial通缉 wanted for arrest投案 appearance退回补充侦查 return of a case for supplementary investigation 委托辩护 entrusted defense未成年人法庭 juvenile court无行政职务的法官 associate judge无正当理由拒不到庭 refuse to appear in court without due cause 无罪判决acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ”物证 material evidence先予执行申请书 application for advanced execution先予执行 advanced execution刑事案件 criminal case刑事拘留 criminal detention刑事强制拘留 criminal coercive/compulsory measures刑事审判庭 criminal tribunal刑事诉讼 criminal proceedings刑事诉讼法 Criminal Procedural Law刑事自诉状 self-incriminating criminal complaint行政案件 administrative case行政审判庭 administrative tribunal行政诉讼 administrative proceedings行政诉讼法 Administrative Procedural Law宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件 cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death。

法律词汇汉英互译

法律词汇汉英互译
在进行国际贸易和国际法律交流时，常常需要
进行汉英语言的互译。

找到正确的翻译，可以避
免交流中出现的误解和问题，是非常重要的事情。

本文汇总了一些常见的法律词汇，以方便您进行
汉英互译。

法律本身相关的词汇
English to Chinese (英语 - 中文)
•attorney: 律师
•court: 法庭
•judge: 法官
•lawsuit: 诉讼
•litigation: 诉讼
Chinese to English (中文 - 英语)
•律师: lawyer
•法庭: court
•法官: judge
•诉讼: lawsuit
•诉讼: litigation
合同相关的词汇
English to Chinese (英语 - 中文)•contract: 合同
•agreement: 协议
•breach of contract: 违约•terms and conditions: 条款和条件•termination: 终止
Chinese to English (中文 - 英语)•合同: contract
•协议: agreement。

汉英对照法律专业词汇（民商事通用语）

1、民法通则： General Principles of the Civil Law 2、民事权益：civil rights and interests 3、平等主体：civil subjects with equal status 4、财产关系和⼈⾝关系：property relationships and personal relationships 5、等价有偿：making compensation for equal value 6、诚实信⽤：honesty and credibility 7、适⽤中国法律：be governed by the law of PRC （The law of PRC shall apply to） 8、法律另有规定：otherwise stipulated by law 9、⽆国籍⼈：stateless persons 10、民事权利能⼒：the capacity for civil rights 11、完全民事权利能⼒：full capacity for civil conduct 12、限制民事⾏为能⼒⼈：a person with limited capacity for civil conduct 13、⽆民事⾏为能⼒⼈：a person having no capacity for civil conduct 14、法定代理⼈： agent ad litem 15、代理民事活动：be represented in civil activities by 16、监护⼈：guardian 17、户籍所在地：the place where his residence is registered 18、住所：domicile 19、经常居住地：habitual residence 20、居民委员会：the neighborhood committee 21、村民委员会：the village committee 22、民政部门：the civil affairs department 23、履⾏监护职责：fulfill duty of guardianship 24、承担责任：be held responsible 25、造成财产损失：cause any property loss 26、宣告为⽆（限制）民事⾏为能⼒⼈：declare … to be a person to be without or with limited capacity for civil conduct 27、下落不明 one's whereabouts have been unknown 28、个体⼯商户：individual businesses 29、农村承包经营户：leaseholding farm households 30、个⼈合伙：individual partnership 31、合伙⼈：partnerss 32、承担民事责任：bear civil liability for 33、按照出资⽐例：in proportion to one's respective contributions to the investment 34、承担连带责任：undertake joint liability for 35、追偿：claim compensation from 36、法⼈： legal person 37、法⼈组织章程：the articles of association of the legal person 38、主要办事机构：the main administrative office 39、全民所有制企业：an enterprise owned by the whole people 40、集体所有制企业：an enterprise under collective ownership 41、经主管机关核准登记：approved and registered by the competent authority 42、⼯商⾏政管理机关：the administrative agency for industry and commerce 43、核准登记的经营范围：within the range approved and registered 44、企业法⼈分⽴、合并：the division and merger of an enterprise as legal person 45、权利和义务：the rights and obligations 46、办理注销登记：cancel the registration 47、企业法⼈解散：disbanding of an enterprise as legal person 48、企业法⼈被撤销：the dissolution of an enterprise as legal person 49、事业单位：institution 50、社会团体：social organization 51、经济实体：economic entity 52、取得法⼈资格：be qualified as a legal person 53、意思表⽰真实：the intention expressed is genuine 54、擅⾃变更或者解除（民事法律⾏为）：alter or rescind one's act arbitrarily 55、以欺诈、胁迫的⼿段：as a result of cheating or coercion 56、乘⼈之危：take advantage of one's unfavorable position 57、以合法形式掩盖⾮法⽬的：perform under the guise of legitimate acts which conceal illegitimate purposes 58、具有法律约束⼒：be legally binding 59、请求⼈民法院或者仲裁机关予以变更：request a people's court or an arbitration agency to alter 60、恶意串通：conspire maliciously 61、有过错的⼀⽅：the erring party 62、附条件的民事法律⾏为：conditional civil juristic acts 63、委托代理：entrusted agency 64、法定代理：statutory agency 65、指定代理：appointed agency 66、委托代理⼈：an entrusted agent 67、被代理⼈：the principal 68、⾏使代理权：exercise the power of agency 69、采⽤书⾯形式：in writing 70、超越代理权：beyond the scope of one's power of agency 71、代理权终⽌：the expiration of one's power of agency 72、本⼈名义：in one's name 73、查封、扣押、冻结、没收：seize， encroach upon， privately divide， destroy or illegally seal up， distrain，freeze or confiscate 74、财产继承权：the right of inheritance 75、优先购买的权利：a right of pre-emption 76、埋藏物、隐藏物：buried or concealed object 77、遗失物、漂流物：lost-and-found objects， flotsam 78、买卖、出租、抵押、转让：be sold， leased， mortgaged or transferred 79、设⽴、变更、终⽌民事关系：establish， change or terminate civil relationship 80、按照确定的份额分享权⼒：be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit 81、按照确定的份额分担义务：assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt 82、享有连带权利的每个债权⼈：each of the joint creditors 83、负有连带义务的每个债务⼈：each of the joint debtors 84、有权向债务⼈追偿：have the right to claim repayment from the debtor 85、提供⼀定的财产作为抵押物：offer a specific property as a pledge 86、以抵押物折价或者以变卖抵押物的价款优先得到偿还：to keep the pledge to offset the debt or have priority in satisfying his claim out of the proceeds from the sale of the pledge 87、给付定⾦：leave a deposit with the other party 88、双倍返还定⾦：repay the deposit in double 89、占有⼈有权留置该财产：the possessor shall have a lien on the property 90、将合同的权利、义务全部或部分转让给第三⼈：transfer all or part of its contractual rights or obligations to a third party 91、取得不当得利：profits acquired improperly and without a lawful basis 92、⽆因管理：act as manager or provide services in order to protect another person's interests when he is not legally or contractually obligated to do so。

法律常用术语分类中英对照

法律体系法律常用术语【（一）、法令】rule 条例law 法律crim in al law 刑法in terpret 解释（法律）the legislature 立法机构the legal system/ the judicial system/ court system【（二）、主体】the judge 法官the lawyer 律师（总称）the jury 陪审团the juror 陪审团成员the prosecutor（刑事案件）原告人；检察官，公诉人; the pla in tiff （民事案件）原告人the injured party/victim被害人 wit ness/eyewit ness 见证人，目击者the prosecutio n 原告及其代理律师；代表原告的律师the accused/defe ndant 被告人the defense lawyer/co un selor被告辩护律师【（三）、违法】案件种类】case 案件crime - criminal adj.a criminal case 刑事案件a civil case 民事案件【行为/罪名--criminal behavior 】guilt n. [Antonym] innocenceguilty adj. [Antonym]innocentguilty of a crime/charge innocent of a crime/charge commit a crime violate a criminal lawmurder 谋杀罪first-degree murder (deliberately) 一级谋杀罪；故意杀人罪manslaughter (not intentionally) 一般杀人罪；过失杀人罪forgery 伪造罪sexual harassment 性骚扰malfeasance 渎职罪criminal: n. 罪犯a convicted criminal ：one who has been judged guilty in a court oflawa hardened criminal ：someone who has committed many crimesstab v. 用刀具行凶，捅，刺to kill or hurt some one by push ing a knife or other sharp object into their bodystab some one to death 刺死flick knife /switch blade/k nife 弹簧刀mug v. =rob 抢劫to attack some one in a public place and steal their mon ey, jewellery, or other possessi ons【（四）、程序】【逮捕】arrestpick up : to arrest some one and take them away in a car【调查】in vestigati oncon duct a crim inal inv estigatio n intocriminal proceedings : the process of examining a crime in a courtof lawcross-exam in ati on【诉讼】find some on eguilty/not guilty of someth ing :officially decide thatthey are guilty/not guiltyto be charged with/to be accused ofto accuse sb. of certa in crimecharge v.to charge sb. with certain crimebe charged with (doing) sthe.g. They are the jury for the trial of a boy charged with murdering his father.prosecute -prosecution n.to prosecute sb. for sth.face prosecution overto bring a prosecutio n aga inst sb. 对…提起诉讼escape prosecutioncriminal charges ：official statements saying that sb is accused by the police of committing a crimeclaim v. to say that someone 's actions are the cause of something【法庭种类】a criminal court 刑事法庭,e.g. The scene is a jury room in a criminal court.a civil court 民事法庭children 's court 少年法庭The Supreme Court 最高法院【监督】supervise 监督【作证】to testify v. 作证to make a statement about something you saw, know, or experienced, usually in a court of lawtestify for/against someonetestimony 证词proofdefinite proofprovide the proofpresent the proofevidence 证据，证物to identify 鉴别flimsy adj. not very reliableflimsy evidenceaccurate adj. correct or true in every detailunshakable adj. 不可动摇的self-contradiction 自相矛盾alibi n. 不在场的证据someone who has an alibi can prove that they were somewhere else when a crime was committed and so can claim to be not guilty庭审】question v.question/suspect sb s motive辩护】to defe nd sb 为…辩护to refute 反驳--refutable adj.--refutation n.陪审团讨论】the jury 陪审团a grand jury 大陪审团the juror 陪审团成员the jury room 陪审室discuss - discussion 讨论proposal 提议vote 投票abstain v. 弃权vote for/in favor of/againsttake a preliminary votee.g. I think i t's customary to take a preliminary vote analyze 分析assume v. 假定ballot n. 无记名投票to argue with 争论agreement 一致意见disagreement 反对意见a reas on able doubtto hang the jury: to make the jury unable to reach a unanimous decisi ondeclare a hung juryreach a unanim ous decisi onbe deemed innocent/guilty 被认为无罪/ 有罪prove innocent/guilty 被证明无罪/有罪【审判】guilty/ not guilty(i nnocent)trial/ the jury trial 审判a fair trialset free / acquitted 无罪释放admit v. agree that someth ing is true 承认plead guilty to something : say that you are guiltye.g. He pleaded guilty to all charges.【(五)、处罚--punishment ]【场所】reform school 感化院,jail/ pris on n. 监狱【方式］jail v. to put some one in jail to be in jailjail someone for something go/ be sent to jailto serve a jail termbe executedthe executionerto pull the switchto send sb. to the chair =send someone to the electric chair /to sentence sb. to be electrocuted 电刑to sentence sb. to deathgive the sentence 施刑get out of jail【其他】have the right to do 有权on behalf of 代表draft 法案，草案Government bill 政府议案to pass a bill, to carry a bill 通过议案to enact a law, to promulgate a law 颁布法律ratification, confirmation 批准law enforcement 法律的实施to come into force 生效decree 法令clause 条款minutes 备忘录违法report 判例汇编codificatio n 法律汇编legislatio n 立法legislator 立法者jurist 法学家jurisprude nee 法学legitimati on 合法化legality, lawful ness 法制，合法legal, lawful 合法的,依法的to con trave ne a law, to infringe a law, to break a law outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的 offen der 罪犯to abolish 废止，取消rescissi on, annulment 废除，取消repeal, revocati on, annulment 废除（法律）can cellati on, annulmen t, in validatio n 废除（合同） can cellation （支票）作废annulment 撤消（遗嘱）repeal rescissi on 撤消（判决）revocati on 撤消immunity 豁免，豁免权disability, legal in capacity 无资格non retroactive character 不溯既往性prescriptio n 剥夺公权atta in der 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收con stituti on al law 宪法canon law 教会法规com mon law 习惯法crimi nal law 刑法admi nistrative law 行政法civil law 民法commercial law, merca ntile law 商法law of n ati ons 万国公法，国际法intern ati on al law 国际法natural law 自然法labour laws 劳工法fiscal law 财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法Military Law 军法Con script Law 兵役法Copyright Law 著作权法penal code 刑法典code of merca ntile law 商法典civil rights 民事权利，公民权利right of asylum 避难权huma n rights, rights of man 人权(customs) duties 关税death duty, death tax 遗产税royalties 版税。

法律英语常用词汇大全民事法律

法律英语常用词汇大全民事法律民事法律是指规范个人之间关系以及个人与社会之间关系的法律规范体系。

在法律英语中，有许多常用词汇与表达方式用于描述与解释民事法律的各个方面。

本文将为您介绍一些常用的法律英语词汇，以帮助您更好地理解民事法律。

一、合同和责任1. Contract (合同): A legally binding agreement between two or more parties, which establishes the rights and obligations of each party.- Offer (要约): A proposal made by one party to another, indicating their willingness to enter into a contract.- Acceptance (接受): The act of agreeing to the terms and conditions of an offer, creating a legally binding contract.- Consideration (对价): Something of value exchanged between the parties, typically money or goods, as part of the contract.2. Breach of contract (违约): The failure, without legal excuse, to perform any promise that forms the whole or part of a contract.- Damages (损害赔偿): Monetary compensation awarded to the injured party in a breach of contract case, intended to restore them to the position they would have been in if the contract had been performed.- Specific performance (强制履行): A court order requiring the breaching party to fulfill their obligations as specified in the contract.- Rescission (撤销): The cancellation of a contract, returning the parties to their positions prior to the contract.3. Tort (侵权行为): A civil wrong that causes harm or loss to someone, giving the injured party the right to sue for damages.- Negligence (疏忽): Failure to exercise reasonable care, resulting in harm to another person.- Duty of care (注意义务): The legal obligation to act in a way that avoids causing harm to others.- Proximate cause (直接原因): The primary cause of an injury, which is legally sufficient to result in liability.二、争议解决和证据1. Arbitration (仲裁): A process in which disputes are resolved by one or more impartial individuals, known as arbitrators, rather than by a court.- Mediation (调解): A process in which a neutral third party assists the disputing parties in reaching a voluntary and mutually acceptable agreement.- Litigation (诉讼): The process of going to court to resolve a legal dispute.- Plaintiff (原告): The party who initiates a lawsuit and seeks a legal remedy.- Defendant (被告): The party against whom a lawsuit is filed and who is required to respond to the allegations made by the plaintiff.2. Evidence (证据): Any type of information or material that is presented in court to prove or disprove a fact in issue.- Testimony (证词): Oral or written statements made by a witness under oath.- Exhibit (展品): A document or physical object presented as evidence in court.- Expert witness (专家证人): A person with specialized knowledge or experience in a particular field, called upon to provide an opinion or analysis in court.三、赔偿和保险1. Compensation (赔偿): Payment or remuneration for injury, loss, or harm suffered by someone.- Personal injury (人身伤害): Physical or psychological harm caused to an individual, often resulting in a claim for compensation.- Wrongful death (非正当死亡): A death caused by the negligent or intentional actions of another person, leading to a legal claim by the deceased person's family or estate.- Liability insurance (责任保险): Insurance coverage that protects individuals or businesses from the risk of being sued and held legally liable for injuries or damages caused to others.2. Settlement (和解): An agreement reached between the parties involved in a legal dispute, typically resulting in the withdrawal of a lawsuit in exchange for specific terms and conditions.- Release (解除): A legal document signed by a party, absolving the other party from any further liability or obligation, often in exchange for a settlement payment.- Indemnity (赔偿款): A contractual obligation to compensate an individual or entity for losses or damages they may suffer.四、合法程序和法院1. Due process (正当程序): The principle that individuals have the right to fair treatment and a fair trial before being deprived of life, liberty, or property.- Habeas corpus (人身保护令): A legal action that requires a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court, especially to secure their release unless lawful grounds are shown for their detention.- Jurisdiction (管辖权): The power and authority of a court to hear and decide a case.- Appellate court (上诉法院): A court that reviews decisions made by lower courts, typically focusing on issues of law rather than fact.2. Plaintiff's attorney (原告律师): The lawyer who represents the plaintiff in a civil lawsuit.- Defense attorney (辩护律师): The lawyer who represents the defendant in a civil lawsuit.- Judge (法官): The official who presides over a court of law and decides legal issues and the outcome of a case.- Jury (陪审团): A group of citizens selected to hear and evaluate the evidence presented in a trial and render a verdict.总结：本文介绍了一些常用的法律英语词汇，涵盖了民事法律中的合同和责任、争议解决和证据、赔偿和保险，以及合法程序和法院等方面。

法律翻译常用词汇注释大全

AAb initio从开始形容事件由开始时的状态，例如合约从开始便已经无效，称为“The contract was void ab initio”。

Accordaccord在普通英语中的含义是符合，一致，在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议，指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。

如reach an accord达成和解协议，accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。

Accused被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告，民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent（答辩人）。

acquireacquire在普通英语中的含义是获得，获取，而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。

在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买，收购，我们通常所说的M&A，即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。

如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。

Acquittal罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后，被告罪名不成立被释放，称为“The accused is acquitted”。

Acquittal是名词。

Actact在普通英语中的含义是行动，行为，在法律英语中通常理解为作为，与不作为forbear相对应。

如：Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from。

法律翻译常用词汇注释大全

AAb initio从开场形容由开场时的状态例如合约从开场便已经无效称为“The contract was void ab initio〞。

Accordaccord在普通英语中的含义是符合一致在法律英语中那么表示和解或和解协议指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以归还局部债务免除全部债务责任的协议。

如rea an accord达成和解协议accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。

Accused被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent〔辩人〕。

acquireacquire在普通英语中的含义是获得获取而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。

在法律英语中通常指对的购置收买我们通常所说的MA即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。

如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。

Acquittal罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后被告罪名不成立被释放称为“The accused is acquitted〞。

Acquittal是名词。

Actact在普通英语中的含义是行动行为在法律英语中通常理解为作为与不作为forbear相对应。

如：Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the remendation of the mission, direct the mission to act or forbear from。

Actionact在普通英语中的含义是行动在法律英语中那么理解为诉讼相当于suit或lawsuit如initiate an action 提起诉讼win an action在诉讼中获胜defend oneself in an action在诉讼中为自己辩护等。

法律英语翻译常用专业词汇

法律英语翻译常用专业词汇引言随着全球化的加速发展，法律翻译成为越来越重要的领域，特别是涉及跨国交易和法律纠纷解决。

在进行法律翻译时，熟悉和正确使用常用的法律英语专业词汇是非常重要的。

本文将介绍一些常见的法律英语翻译词汇，以帮助读者在法律翻译工作中胜任。

常见法律英语词汇1. 法律文件名称•Complnt（诉状）•Writ（文书）•Summons（传票）•Affidavit（宣誓书）•Indictment（起诉书）•Subpoena（传唤令）•Pleading（辩词）•Judgment（判决书）•Decree（裁定书）2. 法律程序•Trial（审判）•Hearing（听证会）•Arrgnment（提讯）•Bl（保释）•Plea（答辩）•Evidence（证据）•Witnesses（证人）•Cross-examination（盘问）•Verdict（裁决）3.法律机构名称•Court（法庭）•Judge（法官）•Attorney（律师）•Prosecutor（检察官）•Plntiff（原告）•Defendant（被告）•Jury（陪审团）•Bliff（法警）4. 合同和协议•Contract（合同）•Agreement（协议）•Terms and Conditions（条款和条件）•Breach（违约）•Consideration（对价）•Indemnification（赔偿）•Confidentiality（保密）•Force Majeure（不可抗力）5. 知识产权•Intellectual Property（知识产权）•Patent（专利）•Trademark（商标）•Copyright（版权）•Infringement（侵权）•Royalty（版税）6. 公司法•Corporation（公司）•Shareholder（股东）•Board of Directors（董事会）•Articles of Incorporation（公司章程）•Shareholder Meeting（股东会议）•Merger（合并）7. 证明和认证•Notarization（公证）•Certification（认证）•Authentication（认证）8. 跨国交易•International Trade（国际贸易）•Import（进口）•Export（出口）•Customs（海关）•Tariff（关税）•Free Trade Agreement（自由贸易协定）9. 诉讼程序•Statute of Limitations（诉讼时效）•Discovery（证据交换）•Motion（动议）•Appeal（上诉）•Pretrial Conference（庭前会议）•Statutory Law（法令）•Case Law（判例法）10. 人权•Human Rights（人权）•Civil Liberties（公民权利）•Freedom of Speech（言论自由）•Right to Privacy（隐私权）•Due Process（正当程序）•Equality（平等）结论在法律翻译中，准确理解和恰当使用常见的法律英语专业词汇是至关重要的。

法律翻译中常见词中文注释

法律翻译中常见词中文注释，按字母排序。

点击字母首字，进行相应词汇查询A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZAAb initioAb initio是拉丁文，其意思是“自开始之时”或“从头开始”，可以直接翻译为“自始”。

在法律英语中，ab initio的使用频率较高，比较常见。

如：ab initio mundi（有史以来），void ad initio （自始无效）等。

详细Accordaccord在普通英语中的含义是符合，一致，在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议，指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。

如reach an accord达成和解协议，accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。

Accused被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告，民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent（答辩人）。

acquireacquire在普通英语中的含义是获得，获取，而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。

在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买，收购，我们通常所说的M&A，即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。

如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。

Acquittal罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后，被告罪名不成立被释放，称为“The accused is acquitted”。

Acquittal是名词。

详见民法中和刑法中表达不同意思的“acquit”一文。

Actact在普通英语中的含义是行动，行为，在法律英语中通常理解为作为，与不作为forbear相对应。

民事法律英语词汇（y）

民事法律英语词汇(y)押金 deposit; foregift要式民事法律行为 formal civil legal act要因民事法律行为 causative civil legal act一般留置权 general lien一夫一妻制 monogamy一时性抗辩权 momentary right of defense伊斯兰法 islamic law医疗费 medical charge医药费 hospital treatment expense遗产 inheritance; heritage遗产继承人 heir to property; inheritor遗失物 lost property遗书 last words遗言 last will and testament遗赠 bequest; legacy; devise遗赠抚养协议 legacy-support ageement遗赠继承 succession by devise遗嘱继承 intestate succession以合法形式掩盖非法目的legal form concealing illegal intention义务性规范 obligatory norm意思表示 declaration of intention意思表示一致 meeting of minds; consensus意思能力 capacity of will意外事件 accident隐名合伙 sleeping partnership; dormant partnership隐私权 right of privacy英吉利法 english law英美法系 system of anglo-american law永佃权 jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract永久性抗辩权 permanent counter-argument right用益物权 real right for usufruct优先权 right of priority优先权日 priority date优先权原则 a right of priority doctrine有偿民事法律行为 civil legal act with consideration有权代理 authorized agency有限合伙 limited partnership预付款 advanced payment原权 antecedent right原则法 fundamental law约定违约金 liquidated damages by agreement。

法律文书的翻译-判决书

法律文书的翻译-判决书泛瑞翻译判决书分为民事判决书（civil judgment)、刑事判决书（criminal judgment)及行政判决书（administrative judgment)等。

民事判决书, 可以简称为“判决”（judgment), 是指法院对其受理案件的各方当事人的权利和义务或者是否承担问题作出的最后决定。

judgment有时可与decision互换使用。

刑事判决书是法院正式宣告的、对已经认罪或者已被证明有罪的刑事被告人处以刑罚的判决。

在法律英语中,还有一个表示“判决书”的术语decree。

decree一般是指衡平法院作出的判决, 是法院对已查明事实和法律后果所作的宣告。

衡平法的判决是法庭在审理和听取各方辩论意见后,根据公平(equity)和良知(good conscience)原则确定诉讼各方权利而作出的裁决和命令, 是法院对已查明事实的法律后果所做的宣告。

在衡平法中, 判决可分为终局判决（final decree)和中间判决（interlocutory decree)两类。

美国法院的判决书一般包括案件名称、法院和判决日期、案情事实、原告方的诉求、此案先前已经过的审判程序和前审的判决结果、双方各自的辩论观点、现在的待解决问题、本案法官的推理、本案所确立的法律原则、法官的附带评论, 等等。

有的案件还会附上异议法官的意见(dissenting opinion or dissent)。

除了案件名称、法院和判决日期等格式性的部分外, 剩余部分一般都属于“法官意见”。

1.关于案件名称案件名称, 有时也被称为标题(style caption)。

案件名是由双方当事人以及v.组成, 读作versus。

在美国双方当事人的排列顺序通常是在初审中原告在前, 被告在后;在上诉审中上诉人(appellant)在前, 被上诉人(appellee)在后(少数辖区采用前述英国的作法, 即上诉审程序的案件名与初审程序中相同）；在联邦最高法院的调卷令程序中申请人（petitioner)在前, 被申请人（respondent)在后。

民事法律英语重点词汇

民事法律英语重点词汇善意占有possession in good faith商标代理trademark agency商标公告trademark gazette商标国际注册international registration of trademark 商标评审委员会trade review and appraisal board商标侵权trademark infringement商标权trademark right商标审查trademark examination商标使用许可协议trademark licensing agreement 商标事务所trademark office商标注册registered trademark商品商标commodity trademark社会本位standard of society社团法人legal body of mass organization涉外婚姻marriage with foreign elements涉外收养adoption with foreign elements申请在先原则prior application rule身份权right of status生命健康权right of life and health生前民事法律行为civil legal act before death实际履行原则doctrine of specific performance实践性民事法律行为practical civil legal act实体法substantial law实用新型utility model实用性practicability使用权right of use;right to use of使用权right to use;right of use使用收益分享权right to share usufruct使用在先priority of use世袭继承hereditary succession市民法jus civile事实婚de facto marriage收回权right of recall;right of retrieval收养法adoption law收养人adoptive parent收养协议adoption agreement收益权right to earnings;right to yields受托人trustee授权规范authorization norm授权委托书power of attorney授权行为act of authorization署名权right of authorship;right of paternity双方民事法律行为bilateral civil legal act司法解释judicial interpretation私法private law私力救济self-protection私生活秘密权right of privacy私营企业private enterprise;proprietorship死后民事法律行为civil legal act after death寺院法canon law送养人person or institution placing out a child for adoption诉讼离婚divorce by litigation损害赔偿之债obligation of compensation for injury;obligation of damages 所有权dominium;ownership;title所有权凭证document of title;title of ownership胁迫duress新颖性novelty信用担保credit guarantee行为act行为能力capacity for act形成权right of formation姓名权right of name修改权right of modification;right of revision选择权right of choice选择之债alternative obligation外观设计design;industrial design完全行为能力perfect capacity for act完整性保持权right to maintain integrity晚婚late marriage万民法jus gentium违法行为illegal act;unlawful act违法行为unlawful act违约金liquidated damages伪造forge委托代理agency by mandate委托代理人agent by mandate慰问金consolation money无偿民事法律行为civil legal act without consideration;civil legal act without award 无效婚姻void marriage无效行为ineffective act无行为能力incapacity for act无因管理voluntary service无责任行为irresponsible right无主物bona vacatia;vacant goods;ownerless goods物的担保security for thing物的瑕疵担保warranty against defect of a thing物权分类classification of right in rem/real right物上请求权right of claim for real thing误传misrepresentation遗产继承人heir to property;inheritor遗失物lost property遗书last words遗言last will and testament遗赠bequest;legacy;devise遗赠抚养协议legacy-support ageement遗赠继承succession by devise遗嘱继承intestate succession以合法形式掩盖非法目的legal form concealing illegal intention义务性规范obligatory norm意思表示declaration of intention意思表示一致meeting of minds;consensus意思能力capacity of will意外事件accident隐名合伙sleeping partnership;dormant partnership隐私权right of privacy英吉利法English law英美法系system of Anglo-American law永佃权jus emphyteuticum;right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract 永久性抗辩权permanent counter-argument right用益物权real right for usufruct优先权right of priority优先权日priority date优先权原则a right of priority doctrine有偿民事法律行为civil legal act with consideration有权代理authorized agency有限合伙limited partnership预付款advanced payment原权antecedent right原则法fundamental law约定违约金liquidated damages by agreement企业法人legal body of enterprise企业集团group of enterprise亲权parental power;parental right亲属权right of relative侵权行为tort侵权行为之债tort obligation清偿discharge;satisfaction情事变更原则doctrine of change of circumstances请求权right of claim全权代理general agency全权代理委托书general power of attorney权利本位standard of right权利的保护protection of right共同共有joint possession共同继承joint succession固有法native law;indigenous law关联企业affiliate enterprise广告商标advertisement trademark国民待遇原则doctrine of national treatment国有独资企业solely state-owned enterprise再代理人subagent早婚early marriage债的担保guarantee of obligation债的分类obligatio;obligation债的履行performance of obligation债权jus in personam;right to give or procure;claim;creditor’s right债权人creditor债券bond债务debt;liability;obligation债务的偿还payment of debt债务的偿清discharge of debt债务的担保guarantee of debt债务的给付日期debt maturity债务的合并consolidation of debt债务的免除exemption of debt债务人debtor占有权dominium utile;equitable ownership贞操权virginity right正当防卫justifiable right;ligitimate defence证券securities支配权right of dominion知识产权intellectual property知识产权国际保护international protection of intellectual property直系血亲lineal descent指定代理人designated agent制定法statute质权hypotheque;pledge;right of pledge智力成果intellectual property中华人民共和国专利局Patent Office of the People’s Republic of China 中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise中外合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterprise终止权right of termination种类之债indefinite obligation重播权right of rebroadcasting重大误解gross misunderstanding重婚bigamy主民事法律行为principal civil legal act主债prime/principal obligation住所domicile注册商标使用许可licensing of registered trademark注册商标转让assignment of registered trademark著作财产权property right in work著作邻接权neighboring right of copyright著作权copyright著作权人copyright owner著作人格权right of personality of copyright专利代理patent agency专利公告patent gazette专利权patent right专利申请patent application专利事务所patent office专利许可协议patent licensing agreement专利续展费renewal fee of patent专利异议objection to a patent专利证书certificate of patent专有技术know-how专属权exclusive right转代理人subagent转继承subsuccession准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person准民事法律行为quasi-civil legal act孳息fruits自动保护原则doctrine of automatic protection自费出版publish a book at the author’s own expense自然法natural law自然继承natural succession自然人natural person自然血亲natural blood relation自为行为self-conducting act自物权jus in re propria;right of full ownership自由权right of freedom自愿原则principle of free will自治产人minor who is capable of administering his own capacity 自助行为act of self-help作品opus;product;work作为act。

常用法律英语词汇注解

常用法律英语词汇注解
1. Agreement：协议，合同，是指双方或者多方认可的一项书面契约，具有法律效力，通常涉及到经济、商务等领域。

2. Clause：条款，协议或者合同的构成部分，每个条款都有其独立
的约束力。

3. Covenant：盟约，契约，是指有权威参与者之间达成的关于遵守
该文件规定的书面契约。

4. Disclosure：披露，是指当事人告知关于双方权利义务的相关信息。

5. Indemnity：赔偿，该条款规定，当被起诉或者拒绝执行合同时，
一方担负赔偿的义务。

6. Liability：责任，是指其中一行为可能导致其中一实体承担法律
责任的原因。

7. Negotiations：谈判，协商，是指双方或者多方通过对话、讨论
与交涉，以达成一致意见与行动的过程。

8. Obligation：义务，是指一些行为是必须要执行的，一旦发生的
行为就会导致法律形式的义务。

9. Precedent：先例，指一类案件的案例判决，可以供未来例似案件
参考之用。

10. Warrant：授权，是指特定的一实体具有代表另一实体或者特定
事务的权利。

法院最常用的英语词汇

adjourn：延期再审
alibi：不在现场证明
appeal：上诉
appear （in court）：出庭
bailiff：庭丁，（法庭）警卫
by-law：条例，细则
clause：法律条款
defendant：被告
dismerit（traffic offense point）：（交通违规记）缺点 driving under influence：嗑药后驾驶
driving while intoxicated （DWI）：酒醉后驾驶
evidence：证据
fine：罚款
first offense：初犯
hear：（法官）审理
hit and run：肇事后逃离现场
illegal parking：违规停车
indict：起诉
jaywalking：违规穿越马路
judge：法官
negligent driving：不⼩⼼驾驶
parallel parking：平⾏停车
perjury：伪证
plead guilty [not guilty]：认罪 [不认罪]
preside：（法官）列席
recess：休庭
reckless driving：鲁莽驾驶
ruling：裁决
run the red light：闯红灯
speeding：驾车超速
take an oath：宣誓
testify：做证
traffic court：交通法庭
traffic regulations：交通规则
traffic violation：交通违规。

英美法系判决书常用词汇中英对照

英美法系判决书常用词汇中英对照英美法系判决书常用词汇中英对照一、导言在英美法系的刑事和民事诉讼中，判决书是司法机关对案件审理结果的书面记录，具有法律效力。

了解英美法系判决书常用词汇的中英对照是十分重要的。

本文将从深度和广度的角度，全面评估英美法系判决书常用词汇中英对照，并撰写有价值的文章，帮助读者全面、深刻地理解该主题。

二、英美法系判决书常用词汇中英对照在英美法系的判决书中，常用词汇的中英对照如下所示：1. Plaintiff / Prosecution 原告 / 公诉方2. Defendant 被告3. Appellant 上诉人4. Respondent 被上诉人5. Judgment 判决6. Verdict 裁决7. Appeal 上诉8. Evidence 证据9. Testimony 证词10. Witness 证人11. Cross-examination 盘问12. Objection 异议13. Hearsay 传闻证据14. to rule 裁定15. to sustain 支持16. to overrule 驳回17. Prosecution closing argument 检方结诉陈词18. Defense closing argument 辩护结诉陈词19. Sentence 判决三、个人观点和理解对于英美法系判决书常用词汇的中英对照，我认为应该重视和加强学习。

因为在跨境诉讼和跨国合作中，了解英美法系判决书的常用词汇，有助于提高法律专业人士的工作效率和工作质量。

另外，作为法律人士，通过对英美法系判决书的常用词汇进行中英对照学习，还能够提升自己的国际视野和跨文化交流能力，为未来的职业发展打下良好的基础。

四、总结与回顾通过本文的撰写，我们全面评估了英美法系判决书常用词汇中英对照的内容。

从简到繁地探讨了该主题，使读者能够更深入地了解该领域的知识。

在文章中，我们多次提及了该主题文字，并以序号标注的方式呈现了常用词汇的中英对照。

法律英语翻译常用专业词汇分析

律师部分:案件受理费court acceptance fee案情重大、复杂important and complicated case案由cause of action案子case包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人appellee被诉人respondent; defendant本案律师counsel prohac vice本地律师local counsel毕业证diploma; graduation certificate辩护词defense; pleadings辩护律师defense lawyer辩护要点point of defense辩护意见submission财产租赁property tenancy裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）裁决书award（用于仲裁）裁决书verdict（用于陪审团）采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条source legal provisions产权转让conveyancing出差go on errand; go on abusiness trip出国深造further study abroad出具律师意见书providing legal opinion出示的证据exhibit出庭appear in court传票summons; subpoena答辩状answer; reply代理词representation代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations代理仲裁agency for arbitration代写文书drafting of legal instruments待决案件pending case当事人陈述statement of the parties第三人third party吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license调查笔录investigative record调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence调解mediation调解书mediation二审案件case of trial of second instance发送电子邮件send e-mail法律顾问legal consultants法律意见书legal opinions法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal counseling法庭division; tribunal法学博士学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws)法学会law society法学课程legal courses法学硕士学位LL.M (Master of Laws)法学系faculty of law; department of law法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)J.D ( juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士)法学院law school法院公告court announcement反诉状counterclaim房地产律师real estate lawyer; real property lawyer 非合伙律师associate lawy er非诉讼业务non-litigation practice高级合伙人senior partner高级律师senior lawyer各类协议和合同agreements and contracts公安局Public Security Bureau公司上市company listing公诉案件public-prosecuting case公证书notarial certificate国办律师事务所state-run law office国际贸易international trade国际诉讼international litigation国内诉讼domestic litigation合伙律师partner lawyer合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice 合同审查、草拟、修改contract review, drafting and revision会见当事人interview aclient会见犯罪嫌疑人interview acriminal suspect兼职律师part-time lawyer监狱prison; jail鉴定结论expert conclusion缴纳会费membership dues举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision勘验笔录record of request看守所detention house抗诉书protest控告人accuser; complainant跨国诉讼transnational litigation劳动争议labor disputes劳动争议仲裁委员会arbitration committee for labor disputes 劳改场reform-through-labor farm; prison farm利害关系人interested party; party in interest律管处处长director of lawyer control department律师lawyer attorney; attorney at law律师惩戒lawyer discipline律师法Lawyer Law律师费lawyer fee律师函lawyer’s letter律师见证lawyer attestation/authentication律师见证书lawyer certification/authentication/witness律师卷宗lawyer’s docile; file律师刊物lawyer’s journal律师联系电话contact phone number of alawyer律师事务所law office; law firm律师收费billing by lawyer律师网站lawyer website律师协会National Bar (Lawyer) Association律师协会会员member of Lawyer Association律师协会秘书长secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association 律师协会章程Articles of Lawyer Assocition律师业务室lawyer’s o ffice律师执业证lawyer license律师助理assistant lawyer律师资格考试bar exam; lawyer qualification exam律师资格证lawyer qualification certificate民事案件civil case民事调解civil mediation民事诉讼civil litigation派出所local police station; police substation判决judgement(用于民事、行政案件);determination(用于终审);sentence(用于刑事案);verdict(由陪审团作出)旁证circumstantial evidence企业章程articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw 企业重组corporate restructure起诉状information; indictment取消律师资格disbar全国律师代表大会National Lawyer Congress缺席宣判pronounce judgement or determination by default人民法院People’s Court人民检察院People’s Procuratorate认定事实determine facts上诉案件case of trial of second instance; appellate case上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal涉外律师lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters申请复议administrative reconsideration petition申请加入律师协会application for admission to Law Association 申请人petitioner; claimant申诉案件appeal case申诉人（仲裁）claimant; plaintiff申诉书appeal for revision, petition for revision实习律师apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period实习律师证certificate of apprentice lawyer视听证据audio-visual reference material适用法律apply law to facts受害人victim书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice司法建议书judicial advise司法局Judicial Bureau司法局副局长deputy director of Judicial Bureau司法局局长director of Judicial Bureau司法统一考试uniform judicial exam送达service of process诉讼litigation; action; lawsuit诉讼当事人litigation party; litigious party诉讼业务litigation practice诉状complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim 推销法律服务promote/market legal service外国律师事务所foreign law office委托代理合同authorized representation contract委托代理人agent ad litem; entrusted agent委托授权书power of attorney物证material evidence嫌疑人criminal suspect项目融资project financing项目谈判project negotiating刑事案件criminal case刑事诉讼criminal litigation行政诉讼administrative litigation休庭adjourn the court; recess宣判pronounce judgement; determination宣誓书affidavit业务进修attendance in advanced studies一审案件case of trial of first instance与国外律师事务所交流communicate with foreign law firms 原告plaintiff证券律师securities lawyer证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit执行笔录execution record执业登记registration for practice执业范围scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area 执业申请practice application执业证年检annual inspection of lawyer license仲裁arbitration仲裁案件arbitration case仲裁机构arbitration agency专门律师specialized lawyer专职律师professional lawyer; full-time lawyer撰写法律文章write legal thesis资信调查credit standing investigation自诉案件private prosecuting case二、诉讼法律案件case案件发回remand/rimit acase (to a low court)案件名称title of acase案卷材料materials in the case案情陈述书statement of case案外人person other than involved in the case案值total value involved in the case败诉方losing party办案人员personnel handling acase保全措施申请书application for protective measures 报案report acase (to security authorities)被告defendant; the accused被告人最后陈述final statement of the accused被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder被害人victim被害人的诉讼代理人vic tim’s agent ad litem被上诉人respondent; the appellee被申请人respondent被申请执行人party against whom execution is filed 被执行人person subject to enforcement本诉principal action必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation变通管辖jurisdiction by accord辩护defense辩护律师defense attorney/lawyer辩护人defender辩护证据exculpatory evidence; defense evidence辩论阶段stage of court debate驳回反诉dismiss acounterclaim; reject acounterclaim驳回请求deny/dismiss amotion驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original j udgement/ruling 驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit驳回通知书notice of dismissal驳回自诉dismiss/reject aprivate prosecution驳回自诉裁定书ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case补充答辩supplementary answer补充判决supplementary judgement补充侦查supplementary investigation不公开审理trial in camera不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书written decision of disapproving an arrest不起诉nol pros不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by the court财产保全申请书application for attachment; application for property preservation裁定order; determination (指最终裁定)裁定管辖jurisdiction by order裁定书order; ruling裁决书award采信的证据admitted evidence查封seal up撤回上诉withdraw appeal撤诉withdraw alawsuit撤销立案revoke acase placed on file撤销原判，发回重审rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial出示的证据exhibit除权判决invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)传唤summon; call传闻证据hearsay答辩answer; reply答辩陈述书statement of defence答辩状answer; reply大法官associate justices; justice大检察官deputy chief procurator代理控告agency for accusation代理申诉agency for appeal代理审判员acting judge代为申请取保候审agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving弹劾式诉讼accusatory procedure当事人陈述statement of the parties当庭宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court地区管辖territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate第三人third party调查笔录record of investigation定期宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on afixed date定罪证据incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence冻结freeze督促程序procedure of supervision and urge独任庭sole-judge bench独任仲裁员sole arbitrator对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action 对席判决judgement inter parties二审trial of second instance二审案件case of trial of second insurance罚款impose afine法定证据statutory legal evidence法定证据制度system of legal evidence法官judges法警bailiff; court police法律文书legal instruments/papers法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal consulting法庭辩论court debate法庭调查court investigation法庭审理笔录court record法庭审理方式mode of court trial法庭庭长chief judge of a tribunal法院court法院公告court announcement反诉counterclaim反诉答辩状answer with counterclaim反诉状counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件 acollateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告defendant of collateral civil action复查reexamination; recheck复验reinspect高级法官senior judge高级检察官senior procurator高级人民法院Higher People’s Court告诉案件case of complaint告诉才处理的案件case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭complaint and petition division工读学校work-study school for delinquent children公安部Ministry of Public Security公安分局public security sub-bureau公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government公开审理trial in public公开审判制度open trial system公示催告程序procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉案件public-prosecuting case公诉词statement of public prosecution公证机关public notary office共同管辖concurrent jurisdiction管辖jurisdiction国际司法协助international judicial assistance海事法院maritime court合议庭collegial panel合议庭评议笔录record of deliberating by the collegiate bench 和解composition; compromise核对诉讼当事人身份check identity of litigious parties恢复执行resumption of execution回避withdrawal混合式诉讼mixed action基层人民法院basic People’s Court羁押期限term in custody级别管辖subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels监视居住living at home under surveillance监狱prison检察官procurator检察权prosecutorial power检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院procuratorate检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序summary procedure鉴定结论expert conclusion经济审判庭economic tribunal径行判决direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice 纠问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings拘传summon by force; summon by warrant拘留所detention house举报information/report of an offence举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision军事法院military procuratorate开庭审理open acourt session开庭通知notice of court session勘验笔录record of inquest看守所detention house可执行财产executable property控告式诉讼accusatory proceedings控诉证据incriminating evidence控诉职能accusation function扣押distrain on; attachment扣押物distress/distraint宽限期period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场reform-through-labor farm劳教所reeducation-through-labor office类推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence 累积证据cumulative evidence立案报告place acase on file立案管辖functional jurisdiction立案决定书written decision of case-filing立案侦查report of placing acase on file利害关系人interested party临时裁决书interim award律师见证书lawyer’s written attestation; lawyer’s written authentication 律师事务所law office; law firm律师提前介入prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分exemption from criminal penalty民事案件civil case民事审判庭civil tribunal民事诉讼civil action民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law扭送seize and deliver asuspect to the police派出法庭detached tribunal派出所police station判决judgement; determination判决书judgement; determination; verdict (指陪审团作出的)旁证circumstantial evidence陪审员juror批准逮捕approval of arrest破案clear up acriminal case; solve acriminal case破产bankruptcy; insolvency普通程序general/ordinary procedure普通管辖general jurisdiction企业法人破产还债程序procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of abusiness corporation 起诉filing of alawsuit起诉sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings起诉状indictment; information区县检察院grassroots People’s Procuratorate取保候审the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving缺席判决default judgement人民调解委员会People’s Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of acitizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity上诉appeal上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal少管所juvenile prison社会治安综合治理comprehensive treatment of social security涉外案件cases involving foreign interests涉外民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceedings申请人applicant; petitioner申请书petition; application for arbitration申请执行人execution applicant申诉人宣誓书claimant’s affidavit of authenticity申诉书appeal for revision; petition for revision神示证据制度system of divinity evidence神示制度ordeal system审查案件case review审查并决定逮捕examine and decide arrest审查起诉阶段stage of review and prosecution审理通知书notice of hearing审判长presiding judge审判长宣布开庭presiding judge announce court in session 审判管辖adjudgement/trial jurisdiction审判监督程序procedure for trial supervision审判委员会judicial committee审判员judge审问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings生效判决裁定legally effective judgement/order胜诉方winning party省市自治区检察院higher People’s Procuratorate失踪和死亡宣告declaration of disappearance and death实（质）体证据substantial evidence实物证据tangible evidence实在证据real evidence示意证据demonstrative evidence视听证据audio-visual evidence收容所collecting post; safe retreat首席大法官chief justice首席检察官chief procurator受害人的近亲属victim’s immediate family受理acceptance受理刑事案件审批表registration form of acceptance of criminal case 受送达人the addressee书记员court clerk书记员宣读法庭纪律court clerk reads court rules书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice司法机关judicial organizatons司法警察judicial police司法局judicial bureau司法厅judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government司法协助judicial assistance死缓的复核judicial review of death sentence with aretrieve死刑复核程序procedure for judicial review of death sentence死刑复核权competence for judicial review of death sentence送达service of process送达传票service of summons/subpoena送达诉状service of bill of complaint搜查search诉sue; suit; action; lawsuit诉前财产保全property attachment prior to lawsuit诉讼litigation; lawsuit; sue; action诉讼保全attachment诉讼参加人litigious participants诉讼代理人agent ad litem诉状complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim特别程序special procedures提起公诉institute apublic prosecution铁路法院railway court铁路检察院railroad transport procuratorate庭审程序procedure of court trial通缉wanted for arrest投案appearance退回补充侦查return of acase for supplementary investigation委托辩护entrusted defense未成年人法庭juvenile court无行政职务的法官associate judge无正当理由拒不到庭refuse to appear in court without due cause 无罪判决acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ”物证material evidence先予执行申请书application for advanced execution先予执行advanced execution刑事案件criminal case刑事拘留criminal detention刑事强制拘留criminal coercive/compulsory measures刑事审判庭criminal tribunal刑事诉讼criminal proceedings刑事诉讼法Criminal Procedural Law刑事自诉状self-incriminating criminal complaint行政案件administrative case行政审判庭administrative tribunal行政诉讼administrative proceedings行政诉讼法Administrative Procedural Law宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death 宣判笔录record of rendition of judgement选民资格案件cases concerning qualifications of voters询问证人inquire/question awitness训诫reprimand讯问笔录record of interrogation询问犯罪嫌疑人interrogate criminal suspect言词证据verbal evidence要求传唤证人申请书application for subpoena一裁终局arbitration award shall be final and binding 一审trial of first instance一审案件case of trial of first instance应诉通知书notice of respondence to action有罪判决sentence; finding of “guilty”予审preliminary examinantion; pretrial原告plaintiff院长court president阅卷笔录record of file review (by lawyers)再审案件case of retrial再审申请书petition for retrial责令具结悔过order to sign astatement of repentance 债权人会议creditors’ meeting侦查阶段investigation stage侦查终结conclusion of investigation征询原、被告最后意见consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant 证据evidence证据保全preserve evidence证据保全申请书application for evidence preservation证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit支付令payment order/warrant知识产权庭intellectual property tribunal执行程序procedure execution执行逮捕execution of arrest执行和解conciliation of execution执行回转recovery of execution执行庭executive tribunal执行异议objection to execution执行员executor执行中止discontinuance of execution执行终结conclusion of execution指定辩护appointed defense指定仲裁员声明statement of appointing arbitrator中级人民法院intermediate People’s Court中途退庭retreat during court session without permission 仲裁arbitration仲裁被诉人respondent; defendant仲裁裁决award仲裁申请书arbitration仲裁申诉人claimant; plaintiff仲裁庭arbitration tribunal仲裁委员会arbitration committee仲裁协议arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration仲裁员arbitrator主诉检察官principal procurator助理检察官assistant procurator助理审判员assistant judge专门法院special court专门管辖specific jurisdiction专属管辖exclusive jurisdiction追究刑事责任investigate for criminal responsibility自首confession to justice自诉案件private-prosecuting case自行辩护self-defense自由心证制度doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence 自侦案件self-investigating case最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate最后裁决书final award三、民事法律法律渊源source of law制定法statute判例法case law; precedent普通法common law特别法special law固有法native law; indigenous law继受法adopted law实体法substantial law程序法procedural law原则法fundamental law例外法exception law司法解释judicial interpretation习惯法customary law公序良俗public order and moral自然法natural law罗马法Roman Law私法private law公法public law市民法jus civile万民法jus gentium民法法系civil law system英美法系system of Anglo-American law大陆法系civil law system普通法common law大陆法continental law罗马法系Roman law system英吉利法English law衡平法equity; law of equity日尔曼法Germantic law教会法ecclesiastical law寺院法canon law伊斯兰法Islamic law民法法律规范norm of civil law授权规范authorization norm禁止规范forbidding norm义务性规范obligatory norm命令性规范commanding norm民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则principle of equality自愿原则principle of free will公平原则principle of justice等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则principle of good faith行为act作为act不作为omission合法行为lawful act违法行为unlawful act民事权利权利能力civil right绝对权absolute right相对权relative right优先权right of priority先买权preemption原权antecedent right救济权right of relief支配权right of dominion请求权right of claim物上请求权right of claim for real thing形成权right of formation撤销权right of claiming cancellation否认权right of claiming cancellation解除权right of renouncement代位权subrogated right选择权right of choice承认权right of admission终止权right of termination抗辩权right of defense一时性抗辩权momentary right of defense永久性抗辩权permanent counter-argument right不安抗辩权unstable counter-argument right同时履行抗辩权defense right of simultaneous performance 既得权tested right期待权expectant right非专属权non-exclusive right人身权利personal right人权human right人格权right of personality生命健康权right of life and health 姓名权right of name名称权right of name肖像权right of portraiture自由权right of freedom名誉权right reputation隐私权right of privacy私生活秘密权right of privacy贞操权virginity right身份权right of status亲权parental power; parental right 亲属权right of relative配偶权right of spouse荣誉权right of honor权利的保护protection of right公力救济public protection私力救济self-protection权利本位standard of right社会本位standard of society无责任行为irresponsible right正当防卫justifiable right; ligitimate defence 防卫行为act of defence自为行为self-conducting act紧急避险act of rescue; necessity自助行为act of self-help不可抗力force majeure意外事件accident行为能力capacity for act意思能力capacity of will民事行为civil act意思表示declaration of intention意思表示一致meeting of minds; consensus完全行为能力perfect capacity for act限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person保佐protection自治产人minor who is capable of administering his own capacity 无行为能力incapacity for act禁治产人interdicted person自然人natural person公民citizen住所domicile居所residence经常居住地frequently dwelling place户籍census register监护guardianship个体工商户individual business农村承包经营户leaseholding rural household 合伙partnership合伙人partner合伙协议partnership agreement合伙财产property of partnership合伙债务debt of partnership入伙join partnership退伙withdrawal from partnership合伙企业partnership business establishment 个人合伙partnership法人合伙partnership of legal person特别合伙special partnership普通合伙general partnership有限合伙limited partnership民事合伙civil partnership隐名合伙sleeping partnership; dormant partnership私营企业private enterprise; proprietorship法人legal person企业法人legal body of enterprise企业集团group of enterprise关联企业affiliate enterprise个人独资企业individual business establishment国有独资企业solely state-owned enterprise中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise中外合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterprise社团法人legal body of mass organization财团法人legal body of financial group联营joint venture法人型联营association of legal persons合伙型联营coordinated management in partnership协作型联营cooperation-type coordinated management 合作社cooperative民事法律行为civil legal act单方民事法律行为unilateral civil legal act双方民事法律行为bilateral civil legal act多方民事法律行为joint act civil legal act有偿民事法律行为civil legal act with consideration无偿民事法律行为civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award 实践性民事法律行为practical civil legal act诺成性民事法律行为consental civil legal act要式民事法律行为formal civil legal act不要式民事法律行为informal civil legal act要因民事法律行为causative civil legal act不要因民事法律行为noncausative civil legal act主民事法律行为principal civil legal act从民事法律行为accessory civil legal act附条件民事法律行为conditional civil legal act附期限民事法律行为civil legal act with term生前民事法律行为civil legal act before death死后民事法律行为civil legal act after death准民事法律行为quasi-civil legal act无效行为ineffective act可撤销民事行为revocable civil act违法行为illegal act; unlawful act侵权行为tort欺诈fraud胁迫duress乘人之危taking advantage of others’ precarious position以合法形式掩盖非法目的legal form concealing illegal intention 恶意串通malicious collaboration重大误解gross misunderstanding显失公平obvious unjust误传misrepresentation代理agency本人principal被代理人principal受托人trustee代理人agent本代理人original agent法定代理人statutory agent; legal agent 委托代理人agent by mandate指定代理人designated agent复代理人subagent再代理人subagent转代理人subagent代理权right of agency授权行为act of authorization授权委托书power of attorney代理行为act of agency委托代理agency by mandate本代理original agency复代理subagency次代理subagency有权代理authorized agency表见代理agency by estoppel; apparent agency 律师代理agency by lawyer普通代理general agency全权代理general agency全权代理委托书general power of attorney共同代理joint agency独家代理sole agency居间brokerage居间人broker行纪commission; broker house信托trust时效time limit; prescription; limitation时效中止suspension of prescription/limitation 时效中断interruption of limitation/prescription 时效延长extension of limitation取得时效acquisitive prescription时效终止lapse of time; termination of prescription 期日date期间term涉外民事关系civil relations with foreign elements 冲突规范rule of conflict准据法applicable law; governing law反致renvoi; remission转致transmission识别identification公共秩序保留reserve of public order法律规避evasion of law国籍nationality国有化nationalization法律责任legal liability民事责任civil liability/responsibility行政责任administrative liability/responsibility刑事责任criminal liability/responsibility违约责任liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default 有限责任limited liability无限责任unlimited liability按份责任shared/several liability连带责任joint and several liability过失责任liability for negligence; negligent liability过错责任fault liability; liability for fault单独过错sole fault共同过错joint fault混合过错mixed fault被害人过错victim’s fault第三人过错third party’s fault推定过错presumptive fault恶意bad faith; malice故意deliberate intention; intention; willfulness过失negligence重大过失gross negligence疏忽大意的过失careless and inadvertent negligence过于自信的过失negligence with undue assumption损害事实facts of damage有形损失tangible damage/loss无形损失intangible damage/loss财产损失property damage/loss人身损失personal damage/loss精神损失spiritual damage/loss民事责任承担方式methods of bearing civil liability停止侵害cease the infringing act排除妨碍exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle消除危险elimination of danger返还财产restitution of property恢复原状restitution; restitution of original state赔偿损失compensate for aloss; indemnify for aloss 支付违约金payment of liquidated damage消除影响eliminate ill effects。

民事判决书翻译常用词汇

民事判决书翻译常用词汇（1）管辖（权）：jurisdiction领事裁判权: consular jurisdication.(准）对人管辖权: （quasic）jurisdiction in personam（准）对物管辖权：（quasic）jurisdiction in rem属人管辖权：personal jurisdiction属地管辖权：territorial jurisdiction .由于各国对管辖权规定的不同，便很容易引起Selection of court 选择法庭的现象。

（2）回避：withdrawal（3）当事人：party（4）诉讼代理人：agents ad litem（5）证据：evidenceburden of proof 举证责任—-证明责任。

evidence-finding 取证Burden of proof in reverse 举证责任倒置documentary evidence书证material evidence、物证：（6）视听资料：audio-visual material（7）证人证言：testimony of witnesses（8）当事人陈述：statements of the parties（9）鉴定结论：expert conclusions（1o）勘验笔录：records of inpsection(11) 诉讼时效：Limitation of action（12）期间：time periods（13）送达：service（14）调解：conciliation（15）财产保全；property preservation（16）先予执行：advance execution（17）强制措施：compulsory measuresspecific performance 特定履行，强制执行（18）诉讼费用：litigation costs/fees（19）执行措施：execution measures（20）执行中止和终结：suspension and termination of execution （21）案由/诉由：cause of action（22）诉讼请求：the claims（23）争议的事实和理由：cause or causes of the dispute（24）审判人员：judicial officers（25）书记员：court clerk（26）立案：docket/file a case（27）组成合议庭开庭审理：form a collegial panel to conduct the trial （28）上诉期间：the time limit for filing an appeal（29）上诉的法院：the appellate court（30）判决、裁定：judgments and written orders（31）不服一审判决：refuse to accept the first-instance judgment（32）发生法律效力的：legally effective（33）起诉状：a statement of complaint（34）上诉状：the appeal petition（35）答辩状：the defence/anwser（36）裁定撤销原判决：make a written order to set aside the judgment（37）发回原审人民法院重审；remand the case t the original people’s court for retrial。

民事法律英语词汇（d）_法律英语词汇

大陆法 continental law大陆法系 civil law system代理 agency代理权 right of agency代理人 agent代理行为 act of agency代位继承 representation; succession by subrogation 代位权 subrogated right单独继承 single succession单方民事法律行为 unilateral civil legal act单一之债 single obligation担保物权 real right for security盗版 pirate盗版vcd pirated vcd等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange抵销 setoff抵押标的物 collateral; estate under mortgage抵押权 hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage 抵押权的次序 sequence of right to mortgage抵押权的抛弃 abandonment of right to mortgage抵押权的让与 alienation of right to mortgage抵押权的设定 creation of right to mortgage抵押权的实现 materialization of right to mortgage 抵押权的消灭 extinction of right to抵押权的效力 deffect of right to mortgage抵押权人 mortgagee抵押人 mortgagor抵押物登记 registration of estate under mortgage 抵押优先权 priority of mortgage地上权 superficies地役权 servitude; easement第二顺序继承人 successor second in order第一顺序继承人 successor first in order佃权 tenant right定金 earnest money; deposit独生子女 only child多方民事法律行为 joint act civil legal act。