新概念英语第二册语法解析及练习题：过去完成时
新概念第二册语法解析及练习而今完成时
现在完成时：1．构成：have / has + 过去分词2．功能：（1）表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。
常与yet, just, before, recently, lately（最近）, ever, never等表时间的副词搭配使用。
►. He hasn't seen her lately. ►. I haven't finished the book yet.（2）表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作，常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
如：so far（迄今为止）, up till now（直到现在）, since, for a long time（很长时间）, up to present（直到现在）, in the past / in the last few years（在过去的几年里）, these days（目前）……►. He has worked here for 15 years. ►. I have studied English since I came here.►. The foreigner has been away from China for a long time.►. So far, I haven't received a single letter from my brother.（3）某些非延续性动词（即：动作开始便终止的动词），在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间状语搭配。
黄金要点：I．常见的非延续动词：die, arrive（到达）, join（加入）, leave（离开）, go, refuse（拒绝）, fail（失败）, finish, buy, marry, divorce（离婚）, awake（醒）, buy, borrow, lend ...II．这类动词并非不能用现在完成时，而是不能接常由for引导的时间状语。
新概念英语第二册语法解析及练习题：过去完成进行时
新概念英语第二册语法解析及练习题：过去完成进行时过去完成进行时:had been + 现在分词表示过去某个时间之前一直在进行的动作。
● She said that she had been typing a paper before I came in.比较：. The girl had cleaned up the room, so it was tidy.. The girl had been clearing up the room, so we had to wait outside.练习：1. It ________ for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy.A. was rainingB. would be rainingC. had been rainingD. has rained2. He told us that he ________ there since 1982.A. has been livingB. had been livingC. would have livedD. was living3. He had been learning English for 3 years before he came here and________ now.A. is still learningB. had been learningC. was still learningD. has been learning4. By the end of last week, he ________ in the company for 10 years.A. had workedB. had been workingC. will have workedD. would have worked5. Not until then did people know that he ________ important military information to the enemy for a long time.A. soldB. would sellC. had soldD. had been selling答案：1. C2. B3. A4. B5. D。
新概念第二册语法知识点汇总
新概念第二册语法知识点汇总一、时态。
1. 一般现在时。
- 用法：- 表示经常的或习惯性的动作。
例如：He often gets up at six o'clock.（他经常六点钟起床。
）- 表示客观事实或普遍真理。
The earth moves around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转。
）- 结构：- 主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it等）时，动词要加 -s或 -es。
如：She likes reading.（她喜欢阅读。
）- 主语为其他人称时，动词用原形。
I play football every weekend.（我每个周末踢足球。
）2. 一般过去时。
- 用法：- 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
I saw him yesterday.（我昨天见到他了。
）- 结构：- 动词一般用过去式，规则动词的过去式一般在词尾加 -ed，如：work - worked。
不规则动词有特殊的过去式形式，如：go - went，see - saw。
3. 现在进行时。
- 表示现在正在进行的动作。
Look! She is dancing.（看！她正在跳舞。
）- 结构：- be动词（am/is/are）+动词的 -ing形式。
He is reading a book.（他正在读一本书。
）4. 过去进行时。
- 用法：- 表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。
At that time yesterday, I was doing my homework.（昨天那个时候，我正在做家庭作业。
）- 结构：- was/were+动词的 -ing形式。
They were playing football at threeo'clock yesterday afternoon.（他们昨天下午三点正在踢足球。
）5. 现在完成时。
- 用法：- 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have lost my key.（我把钥匙丢了。
新概念英语第二册语法知识点汇总
新概念英语第二册语法知识点汇总本文档将对《新概念英语第二册》中的语法知识点进行汇总。
以下是该册教材中的重要语法知识点：1. 时态- 现在完成时：表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响，构成为"have/has + 过去分词"。
- 过去完成时：表示过去某个时间或事件之前发生的动作或状态，构成为"had + 过去分词"。
- 将来进行时：表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作，构成为"will be + 动词-ing"。
2. 句型- There be句型：表示某处存在某物或某人，构成为"There + be 动词 + 宾语"。
- 虚拟语气：表示与事实相反的假设、愿望或建议的语气，构成为"if + 主语 + 过去式，主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形"。
3. 名词- 可数名词与不可数名词：可数名词可以同时使用单复数形式，而不可数名词只能使用单数形式。
- 复合名词：由两个或更多个词构成的名词，如"homework"、"football"等。
4. 冠词- 定冠词：表示特指的冠词，如"the"。
- 不定冠词：表示泛指的冠词，如"a/an"。
5. 代词- 主格代词：在句子中作主语，如"I"、"you"等。
- 宾格代词：在句子中作宾语，如"me"、"you"等。
- 物主代词：表示所属关系的代词，如"my"、"your"等。
6. 动词- 不定式：表示动作的动词原形，可以作主语、宾语等，如"to eat"。
- 动词的时态变化：根据不同的时态，在动词前加不同的助动词，如"is/am/are"表示现在进行时。
新概念英语第二册语法详解和总结
2.一般现在时，现在进行时感慨句：what+名词+主语+谓语，how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语频度副词：位于主语和谓语之间，常见频度副词及其程度的深浅：always, often, usually, frequently, sometimes, hardly, rarely, seldom, neverI always buy CDs on Sundays.3.一般过去时直接宾语和间接宾语：主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象，间接宾语是及物动词的动作所涉及的人或事务，也可以说间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的，或者是为谁做的。
所以间接宾语要用名词或者宾格代词来担当。
He gives me a book.me间接宾语, a book直接宾语直接宾语和间接宾语的位置调换时要加一个介词to或for，to表示动作对谁而做，for表示动作为谁而做。
主语＋及物动词＋直接宾语＋介词+间接宾语Give the book to me.Send a letter to him.I bought a coat for my mother.4.现在完成时，注意频度及时间副词的位置receive/take5.复习：一般过去时与现在完成时的区别in the way/on the way/in this way/by the way/in a way/get out of my way/Don’t stand in my way./by the way/no wayspare/to spare6.冠词用法〔一〕1．不定冠词用于修饰单数可数名词，当一个单词的第一个发音为元音时要用冠词an, 如果是辅音用a即可。
2．不定冠词还可以用来修饰一类事物，有时候也可以省略：A cat is a lovely animal. Cat is a lovely animal.3．不可数名词加冠词表示一类事物：Apple is a fruit.4．如果特制某人,某物或上文提过的人或物时要用定冠词the5．Some表示一些，可以修饰可数名词及不可数名词。
新概念英语第二册语法总结及练习(12)
新概念英语第二册语法总结及练习(12)将来完成时：shall / will have + 过去分词表示将来某时之前已经完成的动作。
. They will have been here for 5 years next Friday.. By the end of next term, the students will have finished the book.过去将来完成时：would / should have + 过去分词表示从过去某个时间看将来某时之前已经完成的动作。
He said that they would have arrived by seven o'clock.练习：1. By the end of this year,I ____enough money for a holiday.A will saveB will be savingC will have savedD have saved2. I have been studying here for four years,by next summer I ____A shall graduateB shall be graduatedC shall be graduatingD shall have graduated3. I hope her health _______greatly by the time we come back next year.A improvesB improvedC will be improvedD will have improve4. Pick me up at eight o'clock, I ______ my bath by then.A) will have had B) will be having C) can have had D) may have5. By the end of this month, we surely ___________ a satisfactory solution to the problem.A) have found B) will be finding C) will have found D) are finding答案：1.C 2.D 3.D 4. A) 5. C)。
(完整版)新概念英语第二册第47课练习
NCE2学习情况记载表练习一、从下面所给词汇中选择适当的词填在横线上。
Before, even though, for, since, because, when, while, though1.Why didn’t you come? —_________ my father wouldn’t let me.2.He didn’t hear the knock at the door ________ he was listening to the radio.3.________ he is rich, he is not very happy.4.________ he said so, you need not believe him.5.Think again _________ you do something.二、单项选择1. —Can I try on this pair of shoes?—Sorry, these shoes are not _______ sale.A. onB. forC. inD. at2. I was late for work ________ there was a traffic accident.A. sinceB. because ofC. due toD. because3. He said he heard someone _______ loudly in the next room.A. singsB. sangC. singingD. to sing4. —When _______ this kind of computer __________ ? —Last year.A. did; useB. was; usedC. is; usedD. are; used5. _______ the water _________ when you are brushing your teeth. Don’t let it waste.A. Turn; onB. Turn; offC. Turn; awayD. Turn; out6. The streets are all wet. It ___________ during the night.A. can’t have rainedB. couldn’t rainC. must have rainedD. needn’t rain7. He suggested _______ a visit to the museum the next day.A. payingB. to payC. payD. being paid8. I shall have to ______ these unpleasant working conditions.A. receiveB. realizeC. recognizeD. accept9. _______ I was in trouble, I always believed that things would change.A. As ifB. EvenC. In spite ofD. Even if10. They had ________ furniture for the small apartment.A. too muchB. much tooC. too manyD. many too二、把下列句子翻译成英语。
(完整版)新概念英语第二册：第14课课文详解及语法解析
新概念英语第二册：第14课课文详解及语法解析课文详注 Further notes on the text1.After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town.在离开法国南部的一个小村庄后，我继续驶往下一个城镇。
(1)表示一个大范围中的某一个地方时要用介词in：Beijing is in the north of China.北京位于中国的北部。
(2)副词on紧跟在动词后面时能够表示“向前”、“继续下去”等意义：He talked on until everybody had gone.他滔滔不绝地讲到大家都走了。
I was reading when my friend called. After he had gone,I went on to read.我朋友来看我时我正在看书。
他走了以后我便继续看书。
2.I stopped and he asked me for a lift.我把车停下，他向我提出要求搭车。
名词lift的含义之一是“(给步行者)搭便车”、“免费搭车”：Last night, I had to walk home. No one would give me a lift.昨晚我不得不走回家。
谁也不愿意让我搭车。
I was lucky today. I got a lift soon after I had leftthe village.我今天运气好，离开村子不久就搭上了便车。
3.As soon as he had got into the car, I said goodmorning to him in French and he replied in the same language.他一上车，我就用法语向他问早上好，他也同样用法语回答我。
(1)表示时间的固定短语as soon as通常表示“一……就……”，即两个动词之间相隔时间非常短：Tell him the news as soon as you meet him.你一遇见他就把这消息告诉他。
新概念英语第二册：第9课课文详解及语法解析
新概念英语第二册：第9课课文详解及语法解析课文详注 Further notes on the text1.…a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock.……一大群人聚集在市政厅的大钟下面。
had gathered为过去完成时，表示过去某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。
(第14课语法) 2.It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time.再过20分钟，大钟将敲响12下。
(1)这句话的时态为过去将来时。
(2)in+表示时间长度的短语可译为“……时间之后”，一般与将来时连用：Please wait a moment here. Jack will be back in a few minutes.请在此稍候。
杰克几分钟之后就回来。
(3)strike的基本含义是“打”、“击”：She struck the man in the face.她打了那人的脸。
当用于钟、乐器等东西时，它有“敲”、“弹”的含义：When I entered the room, the clock struck five.我进屋时，钟敲响了5点。
3.We waited and waited, but nothing happened.我们等啊等啊，可情况没有变化。
动词 happen作“发生”、“出现”讲时，主语是物：Have you heard what happened to Sam this morning?你听说今天上午萨姆发生了什么事了吗?An interesting thing happened last night.昨晚发生了一件有趣的事。
4.The big clock refused to welcome the New Year.那座大钟不愿意迎接新年。
这句话中的两个动词 refuse和welcome在一般情况下主语都是人。
新概念二lesson14过去完成时
• reply
• 1)回答答复 • She has replied to my letter • reply to a question • answer(用语言行为的)回答，答复跟宾语 • answer the door • answer the telephone
• journey 旅行 • 表示旅行的词语 • journey 长途的陆路旅行 • trip 短途的旅行
【课文讲解】
• 1、After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town. • 如果，主句和从句的两个动作都发生在过去： • （1）两个动作同时发生，用过去进行时. • （2）两个动作一前一后，发生在前的动作 用过去完成时。 • drive on 继续开往（on加在动词的后面表 示继续） • drive to 开车去某地 • 副词on紧跟在动词后面时可以表示“向前”、 “继续下去”等意义： •
• 【New words and expressions】
amusing [ə'mju:ziŋ] adj. 好笑的，有趣的 experience [iks'piəriəns] n. 经历 wave [weiv] v. 招手
lift [lift]
n. 搭便车
reply [ri'plai] v. 回答 language ['læ ŋɡwidʒ] n. 语言 journey ['dʒə:ni] n. 旅行
by the time 到……时候为止，指从过去某一点到， 从句所示的时间为止，这一时间段。when当……时 候，指过去的某一时间点。从句用一般过去时，主 句为过去完成时，表示主句的动作在从句的动作之
新概念英语第二册：第14课课文详解及语法解析
新概念英语第二册：第14课课文详解及语法解析新概念英语第二册：第14课课文详解及语法解析课文详注 Further notes on the text1.After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town.在离开法国南部的一个小村庄后，我继续驶往下一个城镇。
(1)表示一个大范围中的某一个地方时要用介词in：Beijing is in the north of China.北京位于中国的北部。
(2)副词on紧跟在动词后面时可以表示“向前”、“继续下去”等意义：He talked on until everybody had gone.他滔滔不绝地讲到大家都走了。
I was reading when my friend called. After he had gone, I went on to read.我朋友来看我时我正在看书。
他走了以后我便继续看书。
2.I stopped and he asked me for a lift.我把车停下，他向我提出要求搭车。
名词lift的含义之一是“(给步行者)搭便车”、“免费搭车”：Last night, I had to walk home. No one would give me a lift.昨晚我不得不走回家。
谁也不愿意让我搭车。
I was lucky today. I got a lift soon after I had left the village.我今天运气好，离开村子不久就搭上了便车。
3.As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language.他一上车，我就用法语向他问早上好，他也同样用法语回答我。
新概念英语第二册语法解析及练习题.doc
新概念英语第二册语法解析及练习题just1. 表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。
常与yet，before ，recently，lately(最近)，ever，never等表时间的副，词搭配使用。
●He hasn't seen her lately.●I haven't finished the book yet.2.表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作，常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
如： so far( 迄今为止 ) ， up tillnow(直到现在 ) ，since, for a long time(present( 直到现在 ) ，in the past / in the很长时间) ，up tolast few years(在过去的几年里)，these days(当前). He has worked here for 15 years.. I have studied English since I came here.. The foreigner has been away from China for a long time.. So far, I haven't received a single letter from mybrother.3.某些非延续性动词 ( 即：动作开始便终止的动词 ) ，在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间状语搭配。
黄金要点：I. 常见的非延续动词：die, arrive(到达)，join(加入)，leave(离开)，go, refuse(拒绝) ，fail( 失败 ) ，finish ，buy，marry ，divorce( 离婚 ) ，awake(醒)，buy，borrow，lend ...(背三遍!)II.这类动词并非不能用现在完成时，而是不能接常由 for 引导的时间状语。
III.但若是用在否定句中，非延续动词的现在完成时能够与表示一段时间的状语连用。
新概念英语第二册重点语法句型
新概念英语第二册重点语法句型新概念英语第二册是初学者学习英语的重要教材，其中的语法和句型是非常重要的。
以下是重点语法句型及其解析。
1. 动词的不定式英语中的不定式是以to开头的动词形式，常常用来表示目的、意图、结果等。
例如：- I want to learn English.（我想学英语。
）- He went to the store to buy some food.（他去商店买了一些食物。
）- She studies hard to pass the exam.（她努力学习以通过考试。
）2. 现在完成时现在完成时是表示过去发生过的动作与当前的关联。
通常是用have/has+过去分词构成，例如：- I have eaten breakfast.（我吃了早餐。
）- They have been to London many times.（他们去过很多次伦敦。
）- Have you ever tried sushi?（你试过寿司吗？）3. 过去完成时过去完成时是表示过去动作在另一个过去时间点之前完成。
常常是用had+过去分词构成。
例如：- They had finished their homework before I arrived.（我到达之前他们已经完成了作业。
）- The movie had already started when we got there.（当我们到达那里时，电影已经开始了。
）4. 被动语态被动语态是指动作的承受者比较重要，而动作的执行者不那么重要。
被动语态的构成是be+过去分词。
例如：- The cake was made by my grandma.（蛋糕是我奶奶做的。
）- The letter will be sent tomorrow.（信件明天会被寄出。
）- The thief was caught by the police.（小偷被警察抓住了。
）5. 虚拟语气虚拟语气是表示假设的语气，常常用在宾语从句、条件从句和表达愿望的句子中。
新概念英语第二册语法及课后练习：一般过去时
新概念英语第⼆册语法精萃及练习：⼀般过去时1．表⽰过去某个特定时间或某⼀段时间发⽣的动作或情况。
We visited the school last spring.I went to school by bike when I was in middle school.China was founded in 1949.2．在表⽰时间或条件等的状语从句中代替过去将来时。
（参）She told me that she would not go with us if it rained the next day.They would not leave until she came back.My friend promised to marry me once she made her final decision.3．⼀般过去时，现在时和过去时的⼏组差异：（别以为这很简单，下⾯的差异你不⼀定明⽩。
）● Her brother was a chemist.（已去世）● Her brother is a chemist.（尚健在）● That's all I had to say.（话已说完）● That's all I have to say.（⾔之未尽）● It was so nice to see you.（离别时⽤）● It is so nice to see you.（见⾯时⽤）● Jane did a lot of work this morning.（已是当天下午或晚上）● Jane has done a lot of work this morning.（仍是上午）［本句现在完成时，此乃后话！］测试精编 I：（⽤所给动词的正确进态填空）。
1. Yesterday I ________ (think) that you were not in Beijing.2. Alice usually ________ (sit) in the front of the classroom, but she ________ (sit) at the back this morning.3. He ________ (tell) the news to us three days ago.4. He________ (begin) to teach Chinese in 1990.5. she would not telephone me if she ________ (have) no time.测试精编 II：1. They ________ the trip until the rain stopped.A. continuedB. didn't continueC. hadn't continuedD. would continue2. The local peasants gave the soldiers clothes and food without which they ________ of hunger and cold.（without 在这⾥表条件，你知道吗？）A. would dieB. will dieC. would be deadD. would have died3. It was not until then that I came to know that the earth ________ around the sun.A. movedB. has movedC. will moveD. moves4. When all those present（到场者）________ he began his lecture.（重点题）A. sitB. setC. seatedD. were seated5. If I had had time, I would have written to you. But in fact I ________ not.A. haveB. would haveC. hadD. had had。
新概念英语第二册：第23课课文详解及语法解析
新概念英语第二册：第23课课文详解及语法解析课文详注 Further notes on the text1.I had a letter from my sister yesterday. 昨天我收到了姐姐的一封信。
have在这里相当于 receive。
(cf. 第18课语法)2.She lives in Nigeria… We are now living in a beautiful new house in thecountry. 她住在尼日利亚……我们现在住在乡间的一栋漂亮的新住宅里。
(1)live指长期居住，一般不用进行时。
第二个例句中的进行时是为了强调目前的居住情况。
(2)country指“乡下”(与town相对)时，一般与the连用，而不与my等所有格形容词连用，指“祖国”时则可以：I enjoy living in the country.我喜欢住在乡下。
My country is China.我的祖国是中国。
3.If she comes, she will get a surprise.如果她来了，她会感到非常惊奇的。
surprise 在这里是可数名词，指“令人惊奇的事”、“意想不到的事”：It's a surprise to me that they can't sell their flat.他们无法卖掉他们的公寓，这对我来说是件意想不到的事。
surprise 也可以作不可数名词，表示“惊讶”：She looked at the man in surprise.她惊讶地看着那人。
4.Work on it had begun before my sister left. 这栋房子在我姐姐离开之前就已动工了。
work(工作，作业)在这里是抽象的不可数名词，因此它前面不需要加冠词。
我们还可以说：Life is short.生命是短暂的。
(life也是抽象的不可数名词)5.…I told her that she could stay with us.……告诉她说，她可以和我们住在一起。
新概念英语第二册语法解析及练习题
【导语】新概念英语之所以经久不衰是因为以其全新的教学理念，有趣的课⽂内容和全⾯的技能训练，为英语学习者排忧解难，深受⼴⼤英语学习者的欢迎和喜爱。
想要学好英语的你，怎能错过？快来加⼊学习吧！为您提供，希望以下内容能够为⼤家的新概念英语学习提供帮助! 1.表⽰过去所发⽣的动作对现在的影响或产⽣的结果。
常与yet，just，before，recently，lately(最近)，ever，never等表时间的副词搭配使⽤。
● He hasn't seen her lately. ● I haven't finished the book yet. 2.表⽰⼀个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作，常与表⽰⼀段时间的时间状语连⽤。
如：so far(迄今为⽌)，up tillnow(直到现在)，since, for a long time(很长时间)，up to present(直到现在)，in the past / in thelast few years(在过去的⼏年⾥)，these days(⽬前)…… . He has worked here for 15 years. . I have studied English since I came here. . The foreigner has been away from China for a long time. . So far, I haven't received a single letter from my brother. 3.某些⾮延续性动词(即：动作开始便终⽌的动词)，在现在完成时中不能与表⽰⼀段时间状语搭配。
黄⾦要点：I.常见的⾮延续动词：die, arrive(到达)，join(加⼊)，leave(离开)，go, refuse(拒绝)，fail(失败)，finish，buy，marry，divorce(离婚)，awake(醒) ，buy，borrow，lend ...(背三遍!) II.这类动词并⾮不能⽤现在完成时，⽽是不能接常由for引导的时间状语。
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新概念英语第二册语法解析及练习题：过去完成时
过去完成时：had + 过去分词
1.表示过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生、完成的动作。
“过去的过去”。
● They had got everything ready before I came.
● The play had begunbefore I got to the theater with my boyfriend.
2.过去完成时常用于 hardly / scarcely ... when, no sooner ... than等固定句型结构中。
(此乃超级重点句型，意为：“一……就”)● She had hardly / scarcely gone to bed when the bell rang.
● No sooner had he arrived at the railway station than he met her parents.
(注意 no sooner 在句首时句型倒装。
)
3.intend(打算)，mean(意味)，hope(希望)，want(想要)，plan(计划)等动词的过去完成时用来表示本打算做而没有做的事。
● I had intended to call on you yesterday, but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.
(……原想昨天去看你……)
● They had planed to hold a football match last week, but they had to cancel it because the bad weather.
(……原计划上周举行一场足球赛……)
练习：
1. -Let's hurry! The president is coming. -Oh, I was afraid that we ________.
A. already miss him
B. had already missed him
C. will miss him already
D. have already missed him
2. Your letter came just as I ________ my office.
A. was leaving
B. would leave
C. had left
D. left
3. I ________ my keys, I can't remember where I last sawthem.
A. was losing
B. lost
C. had lost
D. have lost
4. Nobody knew where the teacher ________.
A. has gone
B. would have gone
C. had gone
D. would be gone
5. The sportsmen ________ training for 3 hours when the coach told them to break off for rest.
A. have been
B. are
C. had been
D. were
答案：
1. B
2. A
3. D
4. C
5. C。